@@UserUli true, Angel Dust is so much better that it’s a waste of conversation. Real Thing has maybe four rlly good songs? Meanwhile, the entirety of angel dust comprises, one of the greatest albums of all time. The varying genres and styles, the new sound that FNM perfected in that album, it’s unwavering effect on 90s music to today… Mr Bungle and Angel Dust are two fantastic albums and they come out within a year or so of one another
my friend was there first manager/ booking agent before they signed. She had just finished college and couldn’t commit full time to guide them. She introduced them to their future Producer Matt Wallace who she knew from college. It was her who suggested they cover Easy by the Commodores
I only saw them on AOTY but it was incredible and I’ve seen some of Mike’s other bands several times over and they’re always amazing. I wish I could’ve seen them with Jim
Obviously, I've never heard every album recorded in history, but uh, in my journey thru life, King For A Day has to be one of greatest sounds my ears and mind were able to have the privilege of digesting ever!
I count myself as extremely fortunate to have been able to experience Faith No More on the Angel Dust tour in Melbourne. I'd already bought a ticket to their Festival Hall gig when I found out they would play at Monash University the next night. So I got to see them at their best, 2 nights in a row.
I'll never forget FNM were playing at the Ranch Bowl in Omaha around 1991-2. Me and two friends were playing the "teenage mutant ninja turtles" video game. It was a 4 player game and out of nowhere Mike came up and asked if he could hop in but said he didn't have any quarters. As soon as we saw who it was, he didn't pay... We played around three or four games and he split. But before he left he mentioned that they were bowling after the show and we were invited if we wanted. We bowled a few games until they had bus call so we split when they did. It really was like we knew each other, not a drop of rockstar b.s. attitude that really was hated on back then. So many great bands were totally approachable and would actually Hang Out instead of Hide Out..
To this day, Bradford St Georges Hall 1990 is one of my all time fondest memories of going to watch live music. They were insanely energetic. What a gig.
I remember a 3 act show in Dallas headlined by Faith No More. It was them, Metallica and Guns and Roses. During their set, some dumb mf started throwing plastic cups up on stage. The lead singer just put his head down, spun that hair round and round, and kept playing. Some of those cups hit him. And he just kept going. Then Guns and Roses comes out, the cups start flying and they start whining and crying and eventually quit after 3 songs. To this day, Guns and Roses is the worst band I've ever seen live. Horrible. Then out comes Metallica, and one cup gets thrown and Hetfield screams "cut that shit out" and people were like ... oh shit. And stopped. 3 bands. 3 different ways to handle it. Of the 3, Metallica was impressive. But Faith No More fucking stood in the gauntlet and toughed it out. Mad respect. They were my favorite that night for the pure rock attitude on stage. For working for it.
Cool doc Every track on King for a day was exceptional. Evidence was one of their finest. It did really well in France back in the day. I have fond memories of cranking that up on repeat driving a Peugeot 405 at 120 mph in the south of France while taking my boss to the airport for a flight...
Between their production and their own musicianship, you can hear how they each shine, then get out of the way so the next one can shine. Each one adding their own layer to the whole song.
Ich lernte Faith No More kennen, weil ich in einer kleinen Disko in Rheine nach einem Song zum DJ ging und nach der Band fragte. Faith No More-Epic sagte man mir. Der Sonf für den ich fragte hieß aber Give it away von RHCP. Mit Faith No More war ich aber auch erstmal zufrieden:-)
FNM fn rules . I remember first hearing the song We Care A Lot . And I was like mmm ok its alright , I dig it . Then The Real Thing album blew me away at the time . Then Angel Dust came out and it took me several listens before I got it . But when I did it was fantastic ! Its because they were always ahead of the curve . Same with King for a Day and Album of the Year . It didnt completely hit me how awesome it was until a few spins . But ...knowing FNM ...I knew it would kick in my head and be amazing as always . And it was !!!
The Real Thing is as good as any music released in the last 35 years. No band sounded like them for years. And dont get me started on Mr. Bungle, if you've not heard them, you dont know good music
Jim Martin is from my hometown, Hayward CA. He used to come into the pizza place where I once worked and just chill in a booth by himself. Nice guy. I also once saw Patton piss in a converse chuck taylor thrown on stage, and drink it. New Years Eve show with Primus.
My favourite FNM story (possibly an urban myth? Citation needed...) is of Mike Patton, when the band toured, taking apart the complimentary hair dryer from his hotel rooms, laying a fresh turd in the outflow and reassembling for the next guest...
That photo of Mr. Bungle screams Slipknot. Easy to see where the whole influence came from. Slipknot have went on the record many times saying Mr. Bungle was a massive influence for them.
@aofvvivv-uc5so Corey Taylor was ready to end it all then he saw EPIC by Faith No More on MTV and was inspired to start a band, it's a fact, look it up 😉
What about some spanish subtitles for this, that whould be awesome.LOved the Tool documentary, and this one, man¡¡¡¡, Faith No More and T()()L are my treat .hugs from México, neat content.
Last cup of sorrow, & stripsearch are my early sobriety anthems, which I have held dear, since making the commitment in '97. "Album of the Year" as a whole, represents the greatest era of my adult life. Being born again!
Very nice! I finally got sober 2.5 years ago. Wish I had done it long ago. These guys have been my favorite since I heard angel dust in 1994 as a freshman. Album of the year is so damn good
@clintjohnson537 You'll find over time, that getting sober was the greatest decision you'll have made in your life. Nothing but positive results, especially after you've honestly completed step 4. Looking people in the eyes & admitting you did them wrong, will heal your soul in ways you've never imagined. You can them live the rest of your life in peace, knowing you no longer have demons haunting you. Stay sober Clint, life gets MUCH better from then on!
When Angel Dust was released I loved it from the get-go!! It's my own personal favourite. Great album overall and it can easily sit next to other albums by bands who dare to challenge the mainstream ideals of what people might expect. It was, is, and always will be a band's right to do what they want, firstly for themselves, and then hope that fans dig it too. Critics?? Well, who really cares about what critics think? At the end of the day most critics are failed musicians who can't get a real job. Rock on!!!
The first 2 records were great. So was The Real Thing and Angel Dust. After that, the albums are generally misses for me, with a few standout tracks from each subsequent release.
Of course we all have our own opinions and mine is that I totally agree with how Jim felt about the direction the band was going in.I would’ve quit too…
Saw them open for Metallica twice, once during the And Justice for All tour, they had the Real Thing album they were promoting. That was the first time I ever heard them. I was hooked. Saw them again opening for Metallica at the last Day on the Green (the last real one anyway). Then I was fortunate enough to see them in Atlanta for the Sol Invictus album. I bought those tickets the minute they went on sale and didn't give one crap how much they cost. That show was one of the most entertaining shows I've ever been to. FNM is one of my two favorite bands. Death Angel is the other.
The drummer from Faith No More had a good childhood friend you might have heard of.CLIFF BURTON R.I.P. RAY BURTON MY DADDY DIED ON SEPTEMBER 27TH 1994 SAME DAY AS CLIFF 8 YEARS LATER
Uh, we are FNM. Even more to that point, nobody in the video is identified. So I’m apt to accept that they’re all FNM in the video. Yes, even GnR and Metallica. We are the person formerly known as us. Now we are FNM. Evidence can be found on King for a Day, Fool for a Lifetime.
I'm a fan from the early days, I never got around to seeing them in their prime sadly but I saw FNM at Dowmload when they reformed in 2009 (the sound guys really fucked them), I had tickets to see them when covid hit but, unfortunately, it was not to be.
You kind of have to give some credit to Aerosmith/Run DMC for collaborating because that would be the first time ever that the two genres were brought together on the song Walk This Way
I've been in bands and there's a joke I like to tell that really sums it up. How many lead singers does it take to screw in a lightbulb? Just one to hold it still and the whole world revolves around him. Mike is truly talented. The man's a genius. No one can take that away from him. But if you've ever seen The Making of Angel Dust, it's obvious he can be a little much. Those personalities make great frontmen. Perry Farrell, Johnny Rotten, David Lee Roth, Axl Rose the list goes on. My lead singer shall remain nameless to protect the ... innocent I guess. It takes a bit of ego to be able to do that. And if you do it as good as Mike does and you have people telling you great you are all the time, you can see what happens. Bands are not easy.
Imagine the band writes a bunch of songs and shows them to you. Obviously you won’t like them all. When in front of people and you are the main focus of the show, you have to feel good about those songs. They get preferential treatment and yes it does go to their heads. Some people are eclectic on their own. I wouldn’t put many of those people in front of my band. It’s both nurture vs nature where the nurture brings the personality out more. Plus you’re in a group of 5 or so and you know these people. Either as friends or coworkers. Sometimes I want to tell my coworkers I’m not having it and to leave me alone. MP gets that treatment because he’s talented and fronts a bunch of bands people know (including FNM), and he knows they can replace anyone in the band but him. It’s like having a cop hanging around slapping your hands when you get out of line. “Whatever you want MP”
Hey decent video. Identify the people you are putting in your video. I want to know who that mix engineer is. It a courtesy and looks professional. Just my $0.02. Again, great video.
I got to see Faith No More Metallica and guns n' roses at Death Valley Clemson Stadium it was freaking amazing but this was at the time axle was throwing the mic around and walking off stage for a couple of songs because his voice was shot to s***. RLTW 3/75
watch The Story of Faith No More (Extended Edition 2024 ) here ruclips.net/video/8O5u1qMdKvo/видео.html
Faith No More ARE 1 OF THE BEST BANDS IN HISTORY! ❤
Angel Dust still holds up, great album
No comparison to Real Thing
Not even in the same league
@@UserUli true, Angel Dust is so much better that it’s a waste of conversation. Real Thing has maybe four rlly good songs? Meanwhile, the entirety of angel dust comprises, one of the greatest albums of all time. The varying genres and styles, the new sound that FNM perfected in that album, it’s unwavering effect on 90s music to today… Mr Bungle and Angel Dust are two fantastic albums and they come out within a year or so of one another
I'm sure i found that album by accident on Napster or something. I mean - i missed all the singles somehow. Then in 2001 - i found it. What an album!
My fav is the real thing.
Without a doubt.... Angel Dust is my favorite album
my friend was there first manager/ booking agent before they signed. She had just finished college and couldn’t commit full time to guide them. She introduced them to their future Producer Matt Wallace who she knew from college. It was her who suggested they cover Easy by the Commodores
Holy shit,sweet dude
Cool story dude. [BS]
I was at the 2009 Download Festival performance. I'm so glad I got the chance to see them.
All time favorite band, good video
One of the best shows I ever saw was Faith No More and Soundgarden opening for Voivod
What I line up. My two fav bands
That sounds lit as fuck.
Wow
I only saw them on AOTY but it was incredible and I’ve seen some of Mike’s other bands several times over and they’re always amazing. I wish I could’ve seen them with Jim
Soundarden on the DOTUS tour(9 months before seeing FNM) was possibly the greatest show I’ve ever seen
Obviously, I've never heard every album recorded in history, but uh, in my journey thru life, King For A Day has to be one of greatest sounds my ears and mind were able to have the privilege of digesting ever!
Trey Spruance /end
TRT and AD are no track skips. AotY is truly incredible.
Don’t care for the more punk songs, but What A Day, Just A Man, Cuckoo for Caca and Evidence are fantastic
I count myself as extremely fortunate to have been able to experience Faith No More on the Angel Dust tour in Melbourne. I'd already bought a ticket to their Festival Hall gig when I found out they would play at Monash University the next night. So I got to see them at their best, 2 nights in a row.
I too saw them on the angel dust tour
same. with Scary Mother on support
Mike Patton is a musical catalyst. Musical Midas
Grew up with this music ... kids these days have no idea what they missed ... Life Long Fan
10:42 evidence is one of my all time favorite songs not just by faith no more but in general , it’s so wild that it didn’t do well in the US
I'll never forget FNM were playing at the Ranch Bowl in Omaha around 1991-2. Me and two friends were playing the "teenage mutant ninja turtles" video game. It was a 4 player game and out of nowhere Mike came up and asked if he could hop in but said he didn't have any quarters. As soon as we saw who it was, he didn't pay... We played around three or four games and he split. But before he left he mentioned that they were bowling after the show and we were invited if we wanted. We bowled a few games until they had bus call so we split when they did. It really was like we knew each other, not a drop of rockstar b.s. attitude that really was hated on back then. So many great bands were totally approachable and would actually Hang Out instead of Hide Out..
That was a great night
So jealous!
That's awesome dude.... You're lucky
Such a great band. Huge influence on me. One of my first records was "Introduce Yourself". Whole album is fantastic.
Those first 2 albums are so much more original than anything that came after.
Chuck was definitely FNM!!!
Patton is a genius. Gorgeous too!!
No he's not.
Why was he such a tool?
i recently saw mike live it was my dream... he's amazing i wish i could see him again with fnm
To this day, Bradford St Georges Hall 1990 is one of my all time fondest memories of going to watch live music. They were insanely energetic. What a gig.
Hope FNM will get together soon . I need to hear them live again 😎
Me too. Had tix for Brixton academy but they cancelled.
Angel Dust still holds my top 3 best albums ever. Just amazing.
I remember a 3 act show in Dallas headlined by Faith No More. It was them, Metallica and Guns and Roses. During their set, some dumb mf started throwing plastic cups up on stage. The lead singer just put his head down, spun that hair round and round, and kept playing. Some of those cups hit him. And he just kept going. Then Guns and Roses comes out, the cups start flying and they start whining and crying and eventually quit after 3 songs. To this day, Guns and Roses is the worst band I've ever seen live. Horrible. Then out comes Metallica, and one cup gets thrown and Hetfield screams "cut that shit out" and people were like ... oh shit. And stopped. 3 bands. 3 different ways to handle it. Of the 3, Metallica was impressive. But Faith No More fucking stood in the gauntlet and toughed it out. Mad respect. They were my favorite that night for the pure rock attitude on stage. For working for it.
Fun fact Faith No More has never released a discography. Because you want it all, but you can't have it.
Slo Klap...
Ahhhh ... I see what you did there 😏
I care a lot about discographies
@@ArmaGeddon-iu1vv armageddonoutahere
Write it a hundred times
Cool doc
Every track on King for a day was exceptional. Evidence was one of their finest. It did really well in France back in the day. I have fond memories of cranking that up on repeat driving a Peugeot 405 at 120 mph in the south of France while taking my boss to the airport for a flight...
the greatest most unique band ever!
Before the singer started to annoy everyone
Mr Bungle is the greatest most unique band silly
Between their production and their own musicianship, you can hear how they each shine, then get out of the way so the next one can shine. Each one adding their own layer to the whole song.
Sol Invictus is a really fantastic album. Like all their albums it takes its time making sense, but hugely rewarding then.
Ich lernte Faith No More kennen, weil ich in einer kleinen Disko in Rheine nach einem Song zum DJ ging und nach der Band fragte. Faith No More-Epic sagte man mir. Der Sonf für den ich fragte hieß aber Give it away von RHCP. Mit Faith No More war ich aber auch erstmal zufrieden:-)
Frist Album with Chuck Mosley is Top notch
Thanks......FNM for life......incredible magic band
GnR, Metallica and Faith No More?.. That's an awesome line up..
Excellent video! Thanks you for taking the time to make it.
FNM fn rules . I remember first hearing the song We Care A Lot . And I was like mmm ok its alright , I dig it . Then The Real Thing album blew me away at the time . Then Angel Dust came out and it took me several listens before I got it . But when I did it was fantastic ! Its because they were always ahead of the curve . Same with King for a Day and Album of the Year . It didnt completely hit me how awesome it was until a few spins . But ...knowing FNM ...I knew it would kick in my head and be amazing as always . And it was !!!
The Real Thing is as good as any music released in the last 35 years. No band sounded like them for years. And dont get me started on Mr. Bungle, if you've not heard them, you dont know good music
About time they put that tour on. They've had my ticket money!
Wow my favorite band! What a video!
I saw them several times on the way up... with both singers. Very cool band.
FNM are brilliant and remind me so much of a band called the Damned
Jim Martin is from my hometown, Hayward CA. He used to come into the pizza place where I once worked and just chill in a booth by himself. Nice guy. I also once saw Patton piss in a converse chuck taylor thrown on stage, and drink it. New Years Eve show with Primus.
One of many bands I regret not seeing back in the day. Hopefully they will resume touring at some point.
I hope someday big jim comeback to FNM playing in some shows like chuck mosley did it, my favourite band ever!!
My favourite FNM story (possibly an urban myth? Citation needed...) is of Mike Patton, when the band toured, taking apart the complimentary hair dryer from his hotel rooms, laying a fresh turd in the outflow and reassembling for the next guest...
ive ben a fan since i got my copy of epic wen i was 9 years old! in 1989.
That photo of Mr. Bungle screams Slipknot. Easy to see where the whole influence came from. Slipknot have went on the record many times saying Mr. Bungle was a massive influence for them.
Corey Taylor was inspired by seeing EPIC on MTV and wanted to be like them one day!
lol Fucking hell no
They are a completely different demography to ousr
ours
@aofvvivv-uc5so Corey Taylor was ready to end it all then he saw EPIC by Faith No More on MTV and was inspired to start a band, it's a fact, look it up 😉
Mate Feed Kill Repeat sounds very Bungle-esque, they definitely used that sound as a starting point for building their own style.
What about some spanish subtitles for this, that whould be awesome.LOved the Tool documentary, and this one, man¡¡¡¡, Faith No More and T()()L are my treat .hugs from México, neat content.
Last cup of sorrow, & stripsearch are my early sobriety anthems, which I have held dear, since making the commitment in '97.
"Album of the Year" as a whole, represents the greatest era of my adult life. Being born again!
Very nice! I finally got sober 2.5 years ago. Wish I had done it long ago. These guys have been my favorite since I heard angel dust in 1994 as a freshman. Album of the year is so damn good
@clintjohnson537 You'll find over time, that getting sober was the greatest decision you'll have made in your life.
Nothing but positive results, especially after you've honestly completed step 4. Looking people in the eyes & admitting you did them wrong, will heal your soul in ways you've never imagined. You can them live the rest of your life in peace, knowing you no longer have demons haunting you.
Stay sober Clint, life gets MUCH better from then on!
Soba & Porn Again...great song title for the next FNM album
Why is chuck Mosley overlooked??he is FNM first 2 albums set the precedent
Alright my kinda channel.. great work
Evidence is my all time favourite song.
good,would be better put more background in their influences, the SF scene, mosley, and the projects of Gould or Roddy as well.
I still live in hope that the cancelled tour will happen. I need to see FNM one more time.
1st I ever recall hearing of/seeing Jim Martin, was he and Cliff Burton getting wasted in Cliff ‘em All.
Great document!
Thanks for taking the time to post this for us fans...really appreciate it...!!!
Great video
Grunge's "John-the-Baptist" band. Loved them.
When Angel Dust was released I loved it from the get-go!! It's my own personal favourite. Great album overall and it can easily sit next to other albums by bands who dare to challenge the mainstream ideals of what people might expect. It was, is, and always will be a band's right to do what they want, firstly for themselves, and then hope that fans dig it too. Critics?? Well, who really cares about what critics think? At the end of the day most critics are failed musicians who can't get a real job. Rock on!!!
King for a day IS THE LP! to RAWK by them!!
That was excellent! Great job putting that together.
Can you give me link of interview Mike talking about Fantomas & mr.bugle in the end of the video thanks please 18: 45
They say , what is it , you want it all but you can't have it.
My favorite song is digging the grave
Qué buena síntesis! 🖤❤️🔥
Imagine Album of The Year if Martin had stayed.
The first 2 records were great. So was The Real Thing and Angel Dust. After that, the albums are generally misses for me, with a few standout tracks from each subsequent release.
Of course we all have our own opinions and mine is that I totally agree with how Jim felt about the direction the band was going in.I would’ve quit too…
limited vision
What of my Top favourite bands ever!!!!
Saw them open for Metallica twice, once during the And Justice for All tour, they had the Real Thing album they were promoting. That was the first time I ever heard them. I was hooked. Saw them again opening for Metallica at the last Day on the Green (the last real one anyway). Then I was fortunate enough to see them in Atlanta for the Sol Invictus album. I bought those tickets the minute they went on sale and didn't give one crap how much they cost. That show was one of the most entertaining shows I've ever been to. FNM is one of my two favorite bands. Death Angel is the other.
The drummer from Faith No More had a good childhood friend you might have heard of.CLIFF BURTON R.I.P. RAY BURTON
MY DADDY DIED ON SEPTEMBER 27TH 1994 SAME DAY AS CLIFF 8 YEARS LATER
Mike Patton, the man, the legend.
Has the highest octave range of any singer.
The man can sing anything.
Jim Gillette has that
Love Faith No More
Great vid 👍 - you dug up some great footage 😁
Hah! I played at the Great American Music Hall in 2001....and Metallica showed up and played with us on stage!
Faith No More is a person? Nice editing job.
Uh, we are FNM. Even more to that point, nobody in the video is identified. So I’m apt to accept that they’re all FNM in the video. Yes, even GnR and Metallica. We are the person formerly known as us. Now we are FNM. Evidence can be found on King for a Day, Fool for a Lifetime.
Why didn't you mention Roddys band "Imperial Teen??"
the real thing such a grate song and album
I'm a fan from the early days, I never got around to seeing them in their prime sadly but I saw FNM at Dowmload when they reformed in 2009 (the sound guys really fucked them), I had tickets to see them when covid hit but, unfortunately, it was not to be.
I had no idea..............I thought they were a one hit wonder from that song back in the 80's.
Even their band name has amazing story.
14:30 - Can someone explain why the drummer at 'Top of the Pops' had to wear a mask and why Mike gave them the birdie for the mask coming off ?
Faith no more and anthrax were responsible for the birth of new /rap metal of slipknot, linkipark, RATM, limbiskit , etc
You kind of have to give some credit to Aerosmith/Run DMC for collaborating because that would be the first time ever that the two genres were brought together on the song Walk This Way
@@metalmystro7513 Well, RHCP were already a band before that song.
I've been in bands and there's a joke I like to tell that really sums it up. How many lead singers does it take to screw in a lightbulb? Just one to hold it still and the whole world revolves around him. Mike is truly talented. The man's a genius. No one can take that away from him. But if you've ever seen The Making of Angel Dust, it's obvious he can be a little much. Those personalities make great frontmen. Perry Farrell, Johnny Rotten, David Lee Roth, Axl Rose the list goes on. My lead singer shall remain nameless to protect the ... innocent I guess. It takes a bit of ego to be able to do that. And if you do it as good as Mike does and you have people telling you great you are all the time, you can see what happens. Bands are not easy.
Imagine the band writes a bunch of songs and shows them to you. Obviously you won’t like them all. When in front of people and you are the main focus of the show, you have to feel good about those songs. They get preferential treatment and yes it does go to their heads. Some people are eclectic on their own. I wouldn’t put many of those people in front of my band. It’s both nurture vs nature where the nurture brings the personality out more. Plus you’re in a group of 5 or so and you know these people. Either as friends or coworkers. Sometimes I want to tell my coworkers I’m not having it and to leave me alone. MP gets that treatment because he’s talented and fronts a bunch of bands people know (including FNM), and he knows they can replace anyone in the band but him. It’s like having a cop hanging around slapping your hands when you get out of line. “Whatever you want MP”
A Eureka Californie boy. Patton. Humboldt. Mr. Bungle is also great. Trey n the boys. Stephansong.
❤
Once in a while Mike Patton is sincere
Look at Borden's left(hat) foot around @17:57 and after
..crazy, right?
Hey decent video. Identify the people you are putting in your video. I want to know who that mix engineer is. It a courtesy and looks professional. Just my $0.02. Again, great video.
I wanted the name of the mix engineer and what albums he worked also. Having dates inserted into the various video clips would also be helpful.
I got to see Faith No More Metallica and guns n' roses at Death Valley Clemson Stadium it was freaking amazing but this was at the time axle was throwing the mic around and walking off stage for a couple of songs because his voice was shot to s***. RLTW 3/75
Always Fucking LOVE THESE GUYS. In my opinion there are no bad songs no bad albums. Mike Patton is such a a fun artist to go deep into.
Had a ticket for that concert didn’t make it and I was pissed
Best album they did was Introduce Yourself.
JIM MARTIN FOREVER!
Waxl Rose.... I wrote a FNM song in my head and then I forgot it... and then they re- wrote it. Only in his delusional reality lol 😂
Gotta Love Faith No More. 💓🎼.
Love ❤. Shared ❤️. Saved on RUclips ❤️.
He was my favorite until I heard Layne Staley
I saw FNM with Mike 4x
🤘🏻🙌🏻
King for a day is one of the best rock albums ever bitches!
King for a day is my favorite
Still sad they canceled Knotfeast 😢 thats the only reason i wanted to go
💜💜💜
Their mid albums are still as good as a mid bands good albums.
Jim is a legend. Their music got worse, just as Mike predicted would if they kept him.
Mr. Bungle is killer