HSK 3 Test learning tips: V + 来/去 Simple Complements of Direction
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- Опубликовано: 18 окт 2024
- 你好！我是汉桥的老师，欢迎大家和我一起学习HSK3. Today we’re going to learn two simple but important complements of direction words: V + 来，V + 去。They are used as frequently in Chinese as “come” and “go” in English. 我们开始吧！
……今天我们要学两个很简单但是重要的趋向补语：V + 来， V + 去。 他们在中文里的使用频率和英语里的“come”和”go”一样高。
学习部分 New Structure （ 1 先以“进来， 进去“和”出来 出去“来做为理解的例子）
If you put来after an action verb, V + 来, it means the action is moving toward the speaker, as in “come in”进来
进, means to enter, 进来indicates the action “to enter” is moving toward the speaker.
When you add 去 after an action verb, V + 去，it means the action is moving away from the speaker, as in “go in”, 进去 It indicates the action “to enter” is moving away from the speaker.
当你 把“来”放在一个动作的后面，V + 来 ,意思是这个动作是靠近说话者的，比如 “进来“，进意思是”enter”, 进来表示“进”这个动作是朝着说话者的方向移动。
当你把“去”加在一个动作的后面，V + 去， 意思是这个动作是远离说话者的，比如“进去”， 表示“进“这个动作是朝着说话者的反方向移动。
我们看一下例子：
请进来我的办公室一下。我们知道，speaker在办公室。进来 shows the listener is going to move toward the speaker。进来的动作会使听者靠近说话者。
老师在教室，你进去找他吧。我们知道，speaker不在教室。进去shows the listener is going to move away from the speaker.听者进去的这个动作会远离说话者。
进has an opposite word 出（to exit）, it has the same usage in this situation. 进的反义词是“出“，它有一样的用法。
比如：
我要换衣服了，你可以出去一下吗？The speaker wants the listener to leave her[It would be more polite to say “to give her some privacy.” ] alone because she needs to change clothes, so we need 去 to indicate “to move away” 说话者希望听者离开一下因为她要换衣服，所以我们需要用“去“来表示远离的方向。
我在你家门口，你出来吧。The speaker is asking the listener to come out so they can meet, so we need 来 to indicate “to move toward“. 说话者希望听者出来这样他们可以见面，所以我们用“来“表示靠近的方向。
2 有很多其它的动词V也可和 来/去一起用，比如 上 下 回 过 带 等等。
There are some other words which are often attached before 来/去, 比如: 上(go up)，下(go down)，回，过，and带， and so on.
我们看一下例子：
我们在楼上等你，你上来吧。The speaker is upstairs, so the listener is going to move toward them by“going up stairs”说话者在楼上，所以听者”上“的动作会靠近说话者，因此用来。
妈妈，爸爸回来了。The speaker and the mother are at home, so the action of the father “returning home” is moving toward the speaker. 听者和妈妈在家，所以爸爸“回家“的动作是靠近说话者的。
你可以帮我买啤酒来吗？The speaker wants the listener to buy some bee[“Bear” is an animal.]r and come, so the listener is going to buy the beer and move toward the speaker. 说话者希望听者买啤酒然后来，所以听者买了之后会朝着说话者的方向靠近。
这些东西搬去你家。The speaker is telling the listener that those [“Stuff” is always used in the singular. Stuff can indicates one thing or many things. But we would say “that stuff.” However, “stuff” is casual language, so it is a bit better to say “things.”]things are going to be moved to the listener’s house, so the action of “moving” is to be away from the speaker. 说话者在告诉听者，这些东西是要搬去听者的家，所以“搬“的动作是朝着远离说话者的方向发生的。
真题重现：Past Exam：
我们看一下以前的考试题：
1.再拿两双，你爷爷奶奶一会儿就过来，我们一起吃。-H31001
2.他去旅游了，可能这个周末才能回来。-H31001
3.女： 外面的风刮得特别大，你还出去跑步吗？
男：不出去了，今天多睡一会儿。-H31005
练习互动：Exercise:
好了，你学会了吗？来做一下练习吧：
爸爸在楼上等你，你上去吧。
你先回去吧，我还要加一会儿班。
我搬不动，你能不能过来帮我一下？
好了，今天我们的分享就到这里。如果你喜欢我们的视频，欢迎订阅！下次见！
See you soon at the next session!
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Thanks for watching and thanks for all the continuing support!
Thank you for your videos.
I find short informative videos like this are easier to study with.
you are welcome，we will help you with your Chinese learning
Thank you! You were very helpful
I saw a rule saying if it's a place the 来 or 去 should be after it, like "请进我的办公室来一下“，or does ”一下“ change it in the first example you give? Or the "我的”？Just trying to make sense of everything
but when you ask someone if you can visit he/her, you say 我能来看你吗？here used lai , but it's not towards the speaker
1。 上来
2。进来
3。过来
老师很漂亮你的视频也非常有意思谢谢老师
哈哈，谢谢你的夸奖
哈哈，谢谢你的夸奖
1: 上去。 2: 出去。 3: 回来。
对啦，真棒
English
Ni hao Laoshi...
你好，musa