Descartes: Substance: Attribute/Mode
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- Опубликовано: 27 июл 2024
- #philosophy #descartes #substance
In this video, we discuss how Descartes understands attribute and mode in relation to substance dualism. He divides substances into mutually exclusive categories of the thinking and the extended. Whatever thinks may be essentially a thinking substance, but not essentially extended in space, and whatever is extended is essentially extended in space but not essentially thinking.
Chapters:
0:00 intro
1:23 Substance Dualism
4:20 Res Extensa & Res Cogitans
6:55 Attributes and Modes
9:25 Three Distinctions
14:56 Complete Substance
17:55 Steps in Reasoning
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Another great one on Descartes!
I appreciate how in depth this is. Always enjoy a good philosophy discussion! 👏👏
Oh! Thank you so much! Also! I miss your videos, hope all is well with you!
Okay so I was going through my notes and I think this video is a bit further than where I am, but with the quote “the first was to never accept anything for true which I did not clearly know to be such”. So, I put myself in a place where there is doubt of anything being true and ask, “what if there is no way to determine what is true?” But I would think by that observation alone, that points to thoughts and doubt, (and mode of the mind?🤔) I also thought that things like history, we cannot technically know that they are true because have no way of seeing history as it is, but with imagination, that doesn’t take up a temporal point in space that would be needed to determine that it exists. Then finally maybe memory, though we don’t know if the components are true within it, memory itself can be true. Those were my thoughts while reading and listening to this! 😊
Great comment and thank you so much! A few points to note; It would be “…to clearly know for certain to be such.” The word ‘certain’ here is important, as Descartes distinguishes what is true and what is knowable for certain. One cannot doubt what one believes to be true-this is not saying that it IS true, but if you truly believe it, it is impossible to doubt (he makes this point in the first Meditation where he says he can only pretend to doubt). A lot of people (from what I have personally seen) have confused this with thinking Descartes is saying, “what one believes to be true IS true.” But that is not right, it is simply impossible to doubt what one believes is true. If you doubt what you believe to be true, you didn’t actually believe it in the first place. There is never doubt with things that are believed to be true. However, that is different than having certain knowledge. Descartes’s method is to use doubt to obtain certain knowledge, to which he concluded is first principal (the Cogito). You cannot doubt that you are doubting, since doubt is a mode of thought and thought the primary attribute to the thinking substance, he believed that the existence of a thinking thing is undeniable, since denying it confirms its existence. Memory and imagination are other modes of thought. There is intellectual memory and corporeal memory, where intellectual memory has potentiality in ideas. He understands this through what he calls “animal spirits” which is explained in the beginning of The Passions of the Soul. I haven’t touched on it yet. Essentially, and summed up, imagination is a way of thinking about things in the extended world, to hold an impression of a perception (similar to Hume) and is the way in which most people think. It may be viewed as a necessity in practical use (a way of modifying the extended world). In the Second Meditation, he states that imagination is nothing more than the way we contemplate a corporeal thing.
Best lectures on Descartes to be found on the internet. I've been looking forward to this and am always amazed by how exhaustively you cover the subjects you explore. The way you are clarifying how the language of Descartes is distinct from the Scholastics is really, really, really helpful.
Oh! This means so much, thank you! My biggest fear with these videos is not covering enough and ending up misleading someone who is truly interested in these subjects. So it is very encouraging to hear someone I know who knows these subjects very well say that. Thank you!
@@attention5638 The series is a miracle, and I'm basically going to send everyone I know to your channel. Your coverage on Descartes is the best I've encountered. It's inspiring.
@@O.G.Rose.Michelle.and.Daniel That means more than you know--I do the same for your content--this little philosophical corner on YT (everyone on the Net) needs far more notice!
@@attention5638 Thank you Pae, and it's an honor to be part of this corner of the internet with you. A true honor.
All this philosophy ... I love it. Reminds me of undergrad days/daze at Kent State (1986) Man? I had it going on back then and didnt even know it 😂
I remember you mentioning that you went to Kent State. Some history there!
@@attention5638 O, yes: I visit there some 6 year's ago and the memorial is very nice & respectful. Theyve a museum. They did a very fine job if that.
U had me hooked at body and mind existing without each other....
Haha Yes! You mentioned a novel that had a "brain in a vat" scenario in a recent video, and thought of this. Philosophy is great for sci fi, which is why it has always been one of my favorite genres
@@attention5638 it's especially applicable to both Incandescence and Diaspora by Egan. In Incandescence, consciousness can travel as data and download into avatar bodies. In Diaspora, software consciousness exist as data on hard drives and they can, if they chose, any type of virtual body to inhabit in any type of virtual landscape...
@@FIT2BREAD Oh! That sounds really interesting, checking it out now, thank you!
Wait, you mean philosophy is deeper then vaguely philosophical quotes found on social media? I don't believe it! But I feel like I should watch your entire series of Descartes before trying to read him, lol.
Hahah, it is! I know it can be intimidating hearing all these concepts for the first time, but I do hope that by the time I am finished with this series, things will come together for those who do want to know this stuff better. 😊
please help me understand infinite attributes of substance in spinoza
Misattribution with the Instagram single slide and a quote has completely infected certain works such as Meditations.
No one knows who said anything these days. 😅
Sorry, but your inspiration quote from Descartes is too long to be an inspiration quote. The misattributed quote from C. S. Lewis actually makes sense within the beliefs I was raised in. It does make me wonder what Lewis actually said about the subject.
....thus giving birth to Jefferson Starship's WHITE RABBIT...😜
"When logic and proportion have fallen sloppy dead" That is about right. 😅
@@attention5638 "Feed your head!!!"