In short: If there was no NeXT, there is no Pixar, there is no World Wide Web (at least as it's known now), no OS X, no iMac, basically no second coming of Apple in the late 90s.
Great video. Just a couple more points. If Apple with Jobs would have built and released the NeXT computer as Apple’s next Mac in 1989 or slightly earlier, and found a way to absorb that cost to reasonable price points ($1000 units for consumer, education and business, to $3000 and $6000 units for workstation customers), I believe there’s a chance Microsoft doesn’t survive to make Windows NT or maybe Windows ‘95. That’s how advanced NeXTStep was and still is. It was OS X in the late ‘80s. Even today nobody makes a UNIX OS with a hybrid micro kernel, that has a postscript or PDF windowing kernel. Those two genius features of NeXTStep are what allowed it to port to multiple CPU architectures so easily as to be worth it, (68000, Power, Intel, ARM, SPARC, etc), and allowed it to scale the GUI from an iPod to iPhone iOS, Watch OS, TV OS, etc etc. NeXT could already do this back then because of the choices they made. And even after 30 years, because of its kernel design it can continue to morph to meet the demands of our time. Unless something supplants UNIX (doubtful anytime soon), macOS could go on for a very long time and remain the best OS on the planet. Btw, I had a BeBox running BeOS on two 603 PowerPCs and it wasn’t a sketchy OS. It had serious potential. Only thing odd about it is that is was so young there were no apps for it. Was it built with the knowledge Apple would need it someday? Maybe. But that doesn’t make it sketchy. It makes Jobs a much better pitch man than Gassée.
I remember reading about this company several years ago. It was impressive to see how Jobs built this company as opposed to how Apple’s corporate structure was built. Good on Steve for taking care of his people. (:
It's a shame NeXT wasn't successful, but without it, there would be no macOS, iOS, watchOS, or tvOS. While working at an AT&T Wireless call center in the late 90s, I worked with a variant of the NeXT OS called OpenStep. When Mac OS X was released as a beta in Sept. 2000, I was already familiar with it due to my use of OpenStep.
ironically i worked at AT&T Wireless in the late 90's writing a software system called AxysCC, which was a customer care app written in OpenStep. the modern GUI builder and object-oriented programming language built into OpenStep's development environment made it comparatively easy to write complex applications.
Yeah... keep dreaming. At that point in time, when Jobs was busy wasting his time with what would be the disaster that was "Next", the "WinTel" platform was already well on it's way to becoming the dominate combination of hardware/OS. Microsoft and Intel/AMD, (just as IBM/Microsoft before them), have never really cared what the other computer companies were doing, they just did their thing, driving the computer industry foward. A lot of people forget that even with the CrApple™/Next "merger", CrApple™ was still nearly dead in the water, needing that half billion dollar bailout from Microsoft, (and the promise that Microsoft would bring it's most popular office progams to the Macintosh line), in order to stay afloat. And the end result today is CrApple™ has gone from being a "computer" focused company to a glorified smartphone manufacturer, which also happens to offer a computer line which is barely holding on to the same tiny share of the market it always has.
@@mehdinaghavi685 Truth hurts, don't it. Take a look at the historical numbers for the entire Mac line market share since day one, it's never been above ~20%. The only thing that made CrApple™ the huge company it is today is they were able to convince people to buy their overpriced, underpowered smartphones, over and over and over and over and over and over and over and over and over and over and over again.
@@tnndll4294depends on the condition. I sold mine for high four figures years ago, but it had the extremely rare 32-bir colour NeXTdimension board. It was a lovely machine with a gorgeous design, but just too slow to do anything useful with. I still keep OPENSTEP 4.2 for Mach running on a vintage Pentium III PC where it runs like greased lightning
That's why some parts of the Classes/Frameworks in macOS/iOS is prefixed with NS for NextSTEP. Most of these however are deprecated but is still part of AppKit and Cocoa up to this day: NSWindow, NSCursor, NSObject, NSArray etc. So much of the core foundations of macOS (and iOS) were borrowed from NeXTSTEP: The unix foundation, Interface Builder, the .app extension (bundles), screen grabber, WYSIWYG etc. The reason why macOS lasted for so long is because of the solid foundation of NeXTSTEP. It really was ahead of it's time ( I think steve jobs said in a keynote that it would last for the next decade) The first website was even hosted/created on Next by a guy at CERN and DOOM was also created on next (And I think pixar also used it in the early days or maybe those were SGI computers idk)
OpenStep doesn't run on "Windows systems", I think you're thinking of the term "wintel", and you probably mean x86. Also, BeOS isn't a "sketchy Mac OS knock-off", it's a proprietary UNIX-like OS built ground-up for media performance, and it screamed on hundred-something MHz Pentiums back in the day. If anything, *Windows* was a Mac OS knock-off. I can has accuracy kthx.
I remember when dumbasses started that Wintel crap.When makers started putting Pentium chips in boards that weren't made for them.And then then infamous video of the office guy literally destroying his brand new Wintel PC became world famous.
OpenStep the framework did indeed run on Windows for a while, which meant programs written for OPENSTEP the OS could be trivially recompiled and run on Windows. But yes, BeOS was amazing back then, so light weight and responsive. Lots of buggy programs though, and the network stack crashed a lot :(
There was absolutely nothing “sketchy” about BeOS. Have you ever used it? There was a lot to like about it. I ran it on my PoweeComputing Mac clone. A lot of us thought it would have made a great basis for Mac OS. But NeXTSTEP was a better choice. Another very large company that ran WebObjects was the US Postal Service. Wish they still were.
NeXT, Inc. (later NeXT Computer, Inc. and NeXT Software, Inc.) was an American technology company headquartered in Redwood City, California that specialized in computer workstations for higher education and business use. The company was founded by Apple Computer co-founder and CEO Steve Jobs after he was forcibly removed from Apple in 1985. NeXT introduced its first product, the NeXT Computer, in 1988, followed by the smaller NeXTcube and NeXTstation in 1990. These computers had relatively limited sales, with only about 50,000 units shipped in total. Nevertheless, their object-oriented programming and graphical user interfaces were trendsetters of computer innovation, and highly influential.
Great video, but it pains me that you call BeOS a sketchy MacOS knock-off. :( Yeah some of its elements resembled the original MacOS greatly, but it was also groundbreaking for its time. Sadly due to them being late to the OS party basically sealed their fate, and the concept currently "lives" on in its open-source clone, Haiku, which is basically languishing due to slow development and lack of manpower.
@@dans.8198 BeOS was better than ANYTHING available at the time... they were just too late to make a splash, and the computer-world was already locked in to the current dead-end of either CrApple™ or "WinTel" platforms. The same happened with the Commodore Amiga, which destroyed any and everything every other computer company was doing at the time, but a combination of mismanagement + bad timing meant the Amiga could never take it's place as the top computer platform.
I followed NeXT closely back in the day. They were doing such interesting stuff, though I despaired of ever being to own one of their machines. I just hoped to get to see one. As Apple floundered with the chronically delayed Copland and then floated the idea of buying BeOS I became concerned. But then they acquired NeXT and I felt a LOT better about their future. Oh yeah, and they get Steve Jobs back! That nails it. When Windows 95 came out everyone said it made Windows "more Mac-like." No. It really didn't. It made Windows more NeXT-like. Now we both run NeXT-like window managers.
There is no "once again" when it comes to Steve serving as CEO of Apple. He only ever served in that role once. Not diminishing him at all. But he was never the CEO until after his return to the companie.
Here is a little more on exactly how Apple came to acquire Next. Back in the 1988, shortly after the release of Mac OS System 6, a group of Apple programers started the Pink project to set about exploring ideas for a radically new version Mac OS that could eventually replace the current Mac OS design. Meanwhile, they also started work on Mac OS System 7 as part of the Blue project, which saw release in 1991. They worked up some ideas of what such an OS would look like into a crude demo. Meanwhile, IBM had come to Apple looking for a computer manufacturer to use their Power CPU architecture. Apple was interested by only if Motorola could be allowed to produce Power CPU’s too so they wouldn’t be reliant on only one chi producer. This leads to a partnership called AIM (Apple, IBM, & Motorola) in which the Power architecture from IBM was modified to more slightly more like Moto’s 88100 processor technology and they rename it PowerPC. Meanwhile IBM saw then demo of the Pink project OS and expressed interest in helping develop it for the PowerPC architecture and so they decided to form a partnership with Apple to turn these ideas into OS and this became Taligent, a separate company owned by Apple and IBM that would be the developer of this OS. While Taligent was being developed, the Blue project developers release a PPC version of System 7. Apple then began to transition away from the 78000 line of processors from Motorola with initially the PPC being users only on the higher-end Macs due to cost while 68k proccesors remained in the lower end Macs (The 68040 was the last 68000 series CPU ever used in a Mac and the 68060 was the last 68k processor Moto ever produced but was never used by Apple). Unfortunately for Taligent, cultural differences led to the partnership between Apple and IBM to collapse without the Taligent OS ever coming to fruition as originally envisioned. IBM did latter decide to release a scaled down version of Taligent on the own only to see it flop (they would later integrated some of it’s technology into other products of theirs). Meanwhile back at Apple, with Taligent floundering as the poential successor to System 7, Apple decided work on a successor to System 7 in house that would become known as the Copeland project. One of the main goals of Copeland was to make an OS that solved the issue of System 7 not supporting protected memory and preemptive multitasking while at the same time not breaking backwards compatibility with System 7 comparable apps. In addition they planned to include a whole host of new features that would revolutionize the Mac OS. Unfortunately, Copeland faltered due to two major factors, the plan to create a protected memory and preemptive multi-tasking while maintaining backwards compatibility turned out to be more difficult then first envisioned, and the development team was allowed to just add two mean panned features (feature creep). They were never able to release a stable version of Copeland and the project dragged on past original release projections. Macworld featured a preview of Copeland at the time the was impressive but turned out to be a bit too much for Apple to chew. While Copeland development was dragging, Apple decide to update System 7 with some interim features additions to buy Apple some time. Eventually it was realized that the Copeland project wasn’t getting anywhere so they had to decide what their next best option might be. Three options where presented to management, one was to go with Microsoft Windows and the other was to buy a OS from another company with BeOS and Next being to suggested candidates. Apple management quickly dismissed the licensing Windows idea as the Mac’s loyal fan base would have rebelled given their overall dislike of Microsoft at the time. When BeOS was made an offered for their OS, Be inc wanted more then Apple was prepared to pay at the time so they went to Jobs at Next and ultimately payed him more then what they were prepared to pay Be inc to for BeOS. Meanwhile, which Copeland now officially dead, Apple decided to take some features from Copeland and integrated them into System 7. It was originally to be released as System 7.8 but before that could happen, Jobs (as now interim CEO) change name to Mac OS 8 (partly as a means to kill off the Mac clone program because clone makers only had a license for System 7). This lead to a dual track process where one team within Apple comprised in NextStep/OpenStep developers from Next started work on what would become Mac OS X as part of the Rhapsody Project. While the Blue team developing OS 7 was set about advancing the Classic OS as much as possible until OS X was ready. This lead to Mac OS 8 (formally System 7.8), Mac OS 8.5, and finally Mac OS 9, which all had some pretty impressive improvements and new features despite still suffering from no protected memory (thus a system error typically led to the whole system crashing requiring a reboot) or preemptive multitasking.
A bit of correction. Canon did not seed fund NeXT for its ObjectStation. ObjectStation actually came from the hardware manufacturing which NeXT sold to Canon after it decided to go software only. The reason Canon invested was, back then Canon was the sole distributor of Macintosh products in Japan. You can only buy a Mac through Canon. (Canon was also the sole retailer for NeXT in Japan. )And Canon wanted to make sure it had its share if NeXT became successful. Canon was the real angel investor , like Ross Perot initially , and Cankn did not interfere with Jobs and did not drop out support.
Pretty good video, but I can't help but nitpick a little. Neither the iPhone nor iPad had anything to do with saving Apple from bankruptcy. The iMac did that back in 1998. Apple's pivot to consumer electronics with the iPod coupled with the industry power they collected to themselves with the iTunes Music Store firmly established them as a market leader in the entertainment industry. By the time iPhone rolled out, Apple was a behemoth and dropped "Computer" from their name.
To be fair, Jobs wasn't out and out fired (in the same way of being called into a meeting with a boss and dismissed). Rather Scully issued an ultimatum to say to the rest of the board "It's me or steve, I cannot work with this man for another moment longer. Either he goes, or I go." and ultimately they all sided with Scully. Steve forced the board's hand by basically being a brat. But again, Scully and almost the entire board knew fuck all about computer and tech products so were nothing more than managers in the straightest sense.
Yeah, they were profitable in the short term after Jobs left; but then they ran out of ideas in the long run. Atari was also profitable when the suits acquired it, but then they destroyed the company.
Really appreciate the detailed research put behind the video and the narration. However, shuffling the background music once in a while to something different wouldn't hurt!
Great video however in my research I have found that Jobs was not fired from Apple, he resigned a few months after the board stripped him of his position as head of the Macintosh organization.
Steve Jobs was way ahead of the curve and many others would follow in his footsteps and very successfully create companies that will be acquired by larger companies.
One comment. You said that the NeXT slab ran a Motorola 68040 at 25Mhz which smoked the Mac Classic. Well, yeah. The Classic was essentially a re-issue of the original 1984 Mac or Mac Plus and ran a 68000 at 8Mhz. That CPU was almost 10 years old by then. Apple’s Quadra line used the 68040 series CPUs and they were fast too. I LOVED my Quadra 650 (68040 at 33Mhz). It was fast for that time. But NeXT’s UNiX-like OS was light years ahead of System 6 and 7, and made Windows look like something coded by a 5 year old.
He probably go on to create channels for explaining other things or maybe just stop making videos since some of his videos pop up in people's recommended which give him more views and more views=more money.
*He was kicked off the Mac project and the board decided to side with Scully and not him. He wasn't fired from the company yet, but he was marginalized and moved to the side.* That's when he decided to leave on his own and start NEXT. Apple said OK, but he was told not to poach any Apple employees on his way out. But he poached anyway, and that's when they formally fired him. Whatever the interpretation of events, Scully later admitted that the board made a mistake and should have sided with Jobs.
That computer has aged pretty well I think. Especially the monitor stand design. It looks sleek and futuristic. Other computers that came after that time period were bulky in the stand department. Because of this, they used the same design with the imac back in 2010 or so.
Jefferton Ahyeeoobee it’s still technically on all models, 6s only had more resistance to bending than 6 I think, but if u put enough pressure can still bend I think
BeOS was no more a knockoff of MacOS any more than the Mac itself was an "original" idea of Jobs and CrApple™. BeOS was the logical next step in the development of computer hardware and computer operating systems, but just as happened with the Commodore Amiga, the computer industry, (and general public), were already locked-in to the same dead-end path that both currently find themselves on. BeOS + the "BeBox" was the most advanced person computer in existance at the time, capable of doing things other computers could only dream of. Had BeOS been successful the computer world would have most likely leap-frogged a decade or more past where technology is today.
I certainly don't like how you glossed over BeOS, but that's not shocking I guess. It would be a good topic since it was a such a part of Apple history and as a former developer I find it a bit sad it's over looked like this.
It was not as much of OS innovation. Much of the pieces were already out there. Unix was already there. The processor 68000 was nothing new. Display PostScript was also available on Sun as NewS. Object C was acquired and not invented at NeXT. It was the way all the pieces were tied together with cohenerence and consistency that made NeXT technologically wonderful. You could see the same thing as the iPhone -piece wise there was nothing new or invented at Apple, it was how it was placed together which made it the whole greater than sum of its parts.
Did he really say BSD is a sketchy knock off of MacOS? Try the other way around. BSD is a standard Unix Server. Not designed to be a workstation in any way.
No, actually he said that of BeOS, which is even more ridiculous. Before the candy-coated "BSD for dummies" MacOSX debuted, the "OS" in MacOS could generously be attributed to wishful thinking. *Manual* memory management? MSDOS handled that automtically, fer fuck's sake! "Cooperative" multitasking? Was that some kind of joke? BSD, as the first funtional clone of ATT's Unix was and is, a real, if somewhat dated, operating system. BeOS (and its still extant open source clone Haiku), a truly modern OS (no 1960s legacy baggage there) was a thing of beauty that was destroyed in the process of Jobs's triumphant return to Apple to save his preious cult. I don't know what to say about the grotesque rewriting of history that is embodied in this outrageous slander that "knock off" represents...
BeOS is a sketchy MacOS knockoff? Wow man. That's harsh. BeOS was much better than MacOS in its day and would have been a fine replacement for it. At the time, MacOS was the one with sketchy underpinnings that caused real stability issues. Maybe it was no worse than windows 95, but it was simply not in the same league as Be, Linux, or Next or even NT.
Well, that would be because it was a total failure - overpriced, with a hardware design which made zero logical or practical sense, (just like the failure that was the original Macintosh). The "next" computer was Jobs being Jobs - claiming he had come up with a "new" idea which in reality was nothing more than a mashup of what everyone else was doing at the time, just at 100x the price.
steve jobs was a genius , in 1880 - 1950 steve ware so great wie Nikola Tesla ... steve only one in the world give technology a heard ,,, in 2100 - 2180 steve jobs can construct the Skynet ... I have my whole life a windows ,,, and he was a great trader 👌👌👌👌💎💎💎💎💎💕💕💕💕💖💖💖💖😍😍😍💎💎💎💎💎💎💎💎😇😇😇😇😇😁😁😁😁😁
HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA!!!!!!! Sorry, but, no. Steve Jobs was not the "greatest" person in history. Steve Jobs was a SALESMAN. Maybe the greatest salesman to ever live, sure, but still, only a salesman, (and there is nothing wrong with that). Jobs could sell anything to anyone, even when what he was selling was complete trash, or just an overpriced copy of something that had already been done by others. That's his story - Steve Jobs sold things. He didn't invent, or innovate, or program, or engineer - he took ideas that others came up with, dressed them up all pretty, jacked the price to the Moon and back, and convinced his Cult followers that they HAD TO HAVE IT!
I hate to get too wound up but I am reading Next was just Unix... and TBL would have picked something better. Sorry charley, UNIX was and IS the best rooted version of any OS ever in all its flavors, and every OS (windows) tries to adapt things to conform to its framework.... Ux varieties are all superior computing environments but it was the X11, Gnome, CDE, Next and Mac OS that made it approachable
He was bringing down the company, the apple II (released in 1977) was their most successful computer for 21 years. And guess what? The computer was made by Steve Wozniak and not Steve Jobs. Basically, they were gonna go bankrupt because of Steve Jobs. The company had no successful computer after 1977 until the iMac in 1998.
honestly, what are the voting polls for other than fake channel engagement? i swear, more than two thirds of the videos on your channel google recommends i watch next are not the winner of the poll, kinda showing that you make the videos you end up making regardless, and if the topic won a poll, it's out of pure coincidence rather than because of the outcome of the poll.
If there is no Next there is no Apple today. Let's all thank Gil Amelio for having the foresight of buying Next and bringing Steve Jobs back :) Next is also responsible for a lot of modern CGI including the stuff in lucasfilms etc etc Disney owes Next.
@8:48: "COP-land" as in "cop", not "cope-land" as in "to cope". For that was what 'classic macos' was missing: memory protection, I/O protection and resource protection of multiple processes running on the same machine. (NeXT was built on UNIX, so it had this from version 1.)
![[TF2] The Russian Bear Trap](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/YFNSwz2_rOA/mqdefault.jpg)
Steve pulled a “Michael scott paper company”
Kinda ironic knowing he hated someone who had the same name as michael scott
In short: If there was no NeXT, there is no Pixar, there is no World Wide Web (at least as it's known now), no OS X, no iMac, basically no second coming of Apple in the late 90s.
And don't forget its contribution to gaming!
The original _DooM_ was developed partly on a Next box.
Not sure about www but pretty sure, no iOS, tvOS, watchOS
Nadeem Shaikh the world wide web was developed on a NeXT cube.
@@Guy_Twig so? It was just a tool, just like any other computer. It didn't had any inherent property to make it happen at that time
World wide web would of happened anyway
Great video. Just a couple more points. If Apple with Jobs would have built and released the NeXT computer as Apple’s next Mac in 1989 or slightly earlier, and found a way to absorb that cost to reasonable price points ($1000 units for consumer, education and business, to $3000 and $6000 units for workstation customers), I believe there’s a chance Microsoft doesn’t survive to make Windows NT or maybe Windows ‘95. That’s how advanced NeXTStep was and still is. It was OS X in the late ‘80s. Even today nobody makes a UNIX OS with a hybrid micro kernel, that has a postscript or PDF windowing kernel. Those two genius features of NeXTStep are what allowed it to port to multiple CPU architectures so easily as to be worth it, (68000, Power, Intel, ARM, SPARC, etc), and allowed it to scale the GUI from an iPod to iPhone iOS, Watch OS, TV OS, etc etc. NeXT could already do this back then because of the choices they made. And even after 30 years, because of its kernel design it can continue to morph to meet the demands of our time. Unless something supplants UNIX (doubtful anytime soon), macOS could go on for a very long time and remain the best OS on the planet. Btw, I had a BeBox running BeOS on two 603 PowerPCs and it wasn’t a sketchy OS. It had serious potential. Only thing odd about it is that is was so young there were no apps for it. Was it built with the knowledge Apple would need it someday? Maybe. But that doesn’t make it sketchy. It makes Jobs a much better pitch man than Gassée.
That Logo is still jucy as hell, even 20 years later.
The name aswell - I quite like it.
There is a juce brand called next
Hase juicy? How the hell is a logo described as juicy?
Hase my sisters a 11 month old baby?
Yeah that logo was made for more than $100000 at that period of time
I remember reading about this company several years ago. It was impressive to see how Jobs built this company as opposed to how Apple’s corporate structure was built.
Good on Steve for taking care of his people. (:
It's a shame NeXT wasn't successful, but without it, there would be no macOS, iOS, watchOS, or tvOS. While working at an AT&T Wireless call center in the late 90s, I worked with a variant of the NeXT OS called OpenStep. When Mac OS X was released as a beta in Sept. 2000, I was already familiar with it due to my use of OpenStep.
Howie Isaacks fast forward to 2014, AT&T still uses Telegence. It sucks 😅
ironically i worked at AT&T Wireless in the late 90's writing a software system called AxysCC, which was a customer care app written in OpenStep. the modern GUI builder and object-oriented programming language built into OpenStep's development environment made it comparatively easy to write complex applications.
@@ssranon ios macos sucks
NeXT wasn't a failure nor a success
10:46 I will see you NeXT time
😂
Nice pun
better luck next time
no-
e.e
Apple is NeXT. The Apple prior to 1996 is gone. Seriously.
Yea bro, You are lucky to work at Apple in the late 90s
If Apple and NeXT did not merge, Apple could have been gone now while NeXT's OS may have been running on most desktop computers instead of Windows.
Yeah... keep dreaming.
At that point in time, when Jobs was busy wasting his time with what would be the disaster that was "Next", the "WinTel" platform was already well on it's way to becoming the dominate combination of hardware/OS. Microsoft and Intel/AMD, (just as IBM/Microsoft before them), have never really cared what the other computer companies were doing, they just did their thing, driving the computer industry foward.
A lot of people forget that even with the CrApple™/Next "merger", CrApple™ was still nearly dead in the water, needing that half billion dollar bailout from Microsoft, (and the promise that Microsoft would bring it's most popular office progams to the Macintosh line), in order to stay afloat.
And the end result today is CrApple™ has gone from being a "computer" focused company to a glorified smartphone manufacturer, which also happens to offer a computer line which is barely holding on to the same tiny share of the market it always has.
@@looneyburgmusic You really need a new boyfriend PRINCESS.
@@mehdinaghavi685 Truth hurts, don't it.
Take a look at the historical numbers for the entire Mac line market share since day one, it's never been above ~20%.
The only thing that made CrApple™ the huge company it is today is they were able to convince people to buy their overpriced, underpowered smartphones, over and over and over and over and over and over and over and over and over and over and over again.
Missed the biggest part about NeXT the web browser and Web server was built on NeXTSTEP platform
HTML was invented on NeXT.
Also Doom and Quake. 😉
I still have a NeXT workstation... complete matching system, it's simply a work of art!
Since it's a historical item, I wonder how much it would sell for?
@@tnndll4294depends on the condition. I sold mine for high four figures years ago, but it had the extremely rare 32-bir colour NeXTdimension board. It was a lovely machine with a gorgeous design, but just too slow to do anything useful with.
I still keep OPENSTEP 4.2 for Mach running on a vintage Pentium III PC where it runs like greased lightning
That's why some parts of the Classes/Frameworks in macOS/iOS is prefixed with NS for NextSTEP. Most of these however are deprecated but is still part of AppKit and Cocoa up to this day: NSWindow, NSCursor, NSObject, NSArray etc.
So much of the core foundations of macOS (and iOS) were borrowed from NeXTSTEP: The unix foundation, Interface Builder, the .app extension (bundles), screen grabber, WYSIWYG etc.
The reason why macOS lasted for so long is because of the solid foundation of NeXTSTEP. It really was ahead of it's time ( I think steve jobs said in a keynote that it would last for the next decade)
The first website was even hosted/created on Next by a guy at CERN and DOOM was also created on next (And I think pixar also used it in the early days or maybe those were SGI computers idk)
OpenStep doesn't run on "Windows systems", I think you're thinking of the term "wintel", and you probably mean x86. Also, BeOS isn't a "sketchy Mac OS knock-off", it's a proprietary UNIX-like OS built ground-up for media performance, and it screamed on hundred-something MHz Pentiums back in the day. If anything, *Windows* was a Mac OS knock-off. I can has accuracy kthx.
I remember when dumbasses started that Wintel crap.When makers started putting Pentium chips in boards that weren't made for them.And then then infamous video of the office guy literally destroying his brand new Wintel PC became world famous.
OpenStep the framework did indeed run on Windows for a while, which meant programs written for OPENSTEP the OS could be trivially recompiled and run on Windows. But yes, BeOS was amazing back then, so light weight and responsive. Lots of buggy programs though, and the network stack crashed a lot :(
1MB of RAM and my PC is Maxing 64GB of RAM with intention to expand.
We sure came from a long way
Why? Most things don't use even 16 gb of ram yet as far as I know
Even though this was the “third place winner” of the votes, I really like learning more about NeXT, I used to play with the software years ago!
5:38 It sounds like if NeXT made the GameCube and the PlayStation
252 views
56 likes
1 dislike (I bet that person would be John Scully)
Robot Bob Now there’s 5 so his grandparents also disliked
6 now so his dog disliked
😂😂
Now 13 I think it is his parents' friends
All then apple board member who asked to resign by Jobs disliked.
There was absolutely nothing “sketchy” about BeOS. Have you ever used it? There was a lot to like about it. I ran it on my PoweeComputing Mac clone. A lot of us thought it would have made a great basis for Mac OS. But NeXTSTEP was a better choice.
Another very large company that ran WebObjects was the US Postal Service. Wish they still were.
thought the same thing when I heard that. it's kind of a weird insult to throw at what, in ways, was a pretty great OS
very few people
could be kicked from his own company
and after, found a new one successfully
sell that company to the previous
get back as CEO
actually two..NEXT and Pixar......well, he didnt actually start Pixar, but his infusion of money made him the biggest share holder/owner of Pixar.
NeXT, Inc. (later NeXT Computer, Inc. and NeXT Software, Inc.) was an American technology company headquartered in Redwood City, California that specialized in computer workstations for higher education and business use.
The company was founded by Apple Computer co-founder and CEO Steve Jobs after he was forcibly removed from Apple in 1985.
NeXT introduced its first product, the NeXT Computer, in 1988, followed by the smaller NeXTcube and NeXTstation in 1990.
These computers had relatively limited sales, with only about 50,000 units shipped in total.
Nevertheless, their object-oriented programming and graphical user interfaces were trendsetters of computer innovation, and highly influential.
HISTORY OF POWERPC
that's nice, but wait for the poll
BeOS a sketchy MacOS (Classic) knock-off? What an uneducated statement!
Exactly
Um, yea. BeOS was noteworthy on it's own merits, and this comment does not do justice to BeOS.
@@jayschira9731 Indeed. Calling it a sketchy MacOS knock-off only shows that he never used it.
Big Big Big thumbs up , super nice video 😃. Love your videos. Have a great Sunday . Cheers from Denmark
Your channel is going to get huge. Thanks for the amazing videos.
This comment age well
Great video, but it pains me that you call BeOS a sketchy MacOS knock-off. :(
Yeah some of its elements resembled the original MacOS greatly, but it was also groundbreaking for its time. Sadly due to them being late to the OS party basically sealed their fate, and the concept currently "lives" on in its open-source clone, Haiku, which is basically languishing due to slow development and lack of manpower.
BeOS was - technically - way better than MacOS.
@@dans.8198 BeOS was better than ANYTHING available at the time... they were just too late to make a splash, and the computer-world was already locked in to the current dead-end of either CrApple™ or "WinTel" platforms.
The same happened with the Commodore Amiga, which destroyed any and everything every other computer company was doing at the time, but a combination of mismanagement + bad timing meant the Amiga could never take it's place as the top computer platform.
I followed NeXT closely back in the day. They were doing such interesting stuff, though I despaired of ever being to own one of their machines. I just hoped to get to see one.
As Apple floundered with the chronically delayed Copland and then floated the idea of buying BeOS I became concerned. But then they acquired NeXT and I felt a LOT better about their future. Oh yeah, and they get Steve Jobs back! That nails it.
When Windows 95 came out everyone said it made Windows "more Mac-like." No. It really didn't. It made Windows more NeXT-like. Now we both run NeXT-like window managers.
The NeXT Mac is gonna be HuGE cuz it’s gonna resemble the 90’s “welcome to the tiny screens.”
o
There is no "once again" when it comes to Steve serving as CEO of Apple. He only ever served in that role once. Not diminishing him at all. But he was never the CEO until after his return to the companie.
Here is a little more on exactly how Apple came to acquire Next. Back in the 1988, shortly after the release of Mac OS System 6, a group of Apple programers started the Pink project to set about exploring ideas for a radically new version Mac OS that could eventually replace the current Mac OS design. Meanwhile, they also started work on Mac OS System 7 as part of the Blue project, which saw release in 1991. They worked up some ideas of what such an OS would look like into a crude demo. Meanwhile, IBM had come to Apple looking for a computer manufacturer to use their Power CPU architecture. Apple was interested by only if Motorola could be allowed to produce Power CPU’s too so they wouldn’t be reliant on only one chi producer. This leads to a partnership called AIM (Apple, IBM, & Motorola) in which the Power architecture from IBM was modified to more slightly more like Moto’s 88100 processor technology and they rename it PowerPC. Meanwhile IBM saw then demo of the Pink project OS and expressed interest in helping develop it for the PowerPC architecture and so they decided to form a partnership with Apple to turn these ideas into OS and this became Taligent, a separate company owned by Apple and IBM that would be the developer of this OS. While Taligent was being developed, the Blue project developers release a PPC version of System 7. Apple then began to transition away from the 78000 line of processors from Motorola with initially the PPC being users only on the higher-end Macs due to cost while 68k proccesors remained in the lower end Macs (The 68040 was the last 68000 series CPU ever used in a Mac and the 68060 was the last 68k processor Moto ever produced but was never used by Apple). Unfortunately for Taligent, cultural differences led to the partnership between Apple and IBM to collapse without the Taligent OS ever coming to fruition as originally envisioned. IBM did latter decide to release a scaled down version of Taligent on the own only to see it flop (they would later integrated some of it’s technology into other products of theirs).
Meanwhile back at Apple, with Taligent floundering as the poential successor to System 7, Apple decided work on a successor to System 7 in house that would become known as the Copeland project. One of the main goals of Copeland was to make an OS that solved the issue of System 7 not supporting protected memory and preemptive multitasking while at the same time not breaking backwards compatibility with System 7 comparable apps. In addition they planned to include a whole host of new features that would revolutionize the Mac OS. Unfortunately, Copeland faltered due to two major factors, the plan to create a protected memory and preemptive multi-tasking while maintaining backwards compatibility turned out to be more difficult then first envisioned, and the development team was allowed to just add two mean panned features (feature creep). They were never able to release a stable version of Copeland and the project dragged on past original release projections. Macworld featured a preview of Copeland at the time the was impressive but turned out to be a bit too much for Apple to chew. While Copeland development was dragging, Apple decide to update System 7 with some interim features additions to buy Apple some time.
Eventually it was realized that the Copeland project wasn’t getting anywhere so they had to decide what their next best option might be. Three options where presented to management, one was to go with Microsoft Windows and the other was to buy a OS from another company with BeOS and Next being to suggested candidates. Apple management quickly dismissed the licensing Windows idea as the Mac’s loyal fan base would have rebelled given their overall dislike of Microsoft at the time. When BeOS was made an offered for their OS, Be inc wanted more then Apple was prepared to pay at the time so they went to Jobs at Next and ultimately payed him more then what they were prepared to pay Be inc to for BeOS. Meanwhile, which Copeland now officially dead, Apple decided to take some features from Copeland and integrated them into System 7. It was originally to be released as System 7.8 but before that could happen, Jobs (as now interim CEO) change name to Mac OS 8 (partly as a means to kill off the Mac clone program because clone makers only had a license for System 7). This lead to a dual track process where one team within Apple comprised in NextStep/OpenStep developers from Next started work on what would become Mac OS X as part of the Rhapsody Project. While the Blue team developing OS 7 was set about advancing the Classic OS as much as possible until OS X was ready. This lead to Mac OS 8 (formally System 7.8), Mac OS 8.5, and finally Mac OS 9, which all had some pretty impressive improvements and new features despite still suffering from no protected memory (thus a system error typically led to the whole system crashing requiring a reboot) or preemptive multitasking.
I have learnt a lot in your comment. Thanks!
Awesome comment!!!
Very curious how you learned all of this!
A bit of correction. Canon did not seed fund NeXT for its ObjectStation. ObjectStation actually came from the hardware manufacturing which NeXT sold to Canon after it decided to go software only. The reason Canon invested was, back then Canon was the sole distributor of Macintosh products in Japan. You can only buy a Mac through Canon. (Canon was also the sole retailer for NeXT in Japan. )And Canon wanted to make sure it had its share if NeXT became successful. Canon was the real angel investor , like Ross Perot initially , and Cankn did not interfere with Jobs and did not drop out support.
1 megabyte of ram,,, how things have changed
dude they developed Doom on this machine, that's even more impressive.
I also love how they continued the Esslinger Design that Apple did not appreciate.
whos watching this on their NeXT computer?
Kittitian Productions me
Do Pixar next. Steve jobs was also the founder of Pixar
Pretty good video, but I can't help but nitpick a little. Neither the iPhone nor iPad had anything to do with saving Apple from bankruptcy. The iMac did that back in 1998. Apple's pivot to consumer electronics with the iPod coupled with the industry power they collected to themselves with the iTunes Music Store firmly established them as a market leader in the entertainment industry. By the time iPhone rolled out, Apple was a behemoth and dropped "Computer" from their name.
They have entered the post-PC era a long time ago.
@@victorivanov6603 Such an "era" does not yet exist, assuming it will come to exist at all.
To be fair, Jobs wasn't out and out fired (in the same way of being called into a meeting with a boss and dismissed). Rather Scully issued an ultimatum to say to the rest of the board "It's me or steve, I cannot work with this man for another moment longer. Either he goes, or I go." and ultimately they all sided with Scully. Steve forced the board's hand by basically being a brat.
But again, Scully and almost the entire board knew fuck all about computer and tech products so were nothing more than managers in the straightest sense.
Yeah, they were profitable in the short term after Jobs left; but then they ran out of ideas in the long run.
Atari was also profitable when the suits acquired it, but then they destroyed the company.
Thankfully Steve Jobs got back to apple R.I.P you wrote history
and they've pretty much done f*&k all since he's died in terms of TRUE INNOVATION
@@StreetsOfVancouverChannel true it's not that great anymore when it used to be when Steve Jobs leaded the company
@@vegasxparty they're doing much better than companies that used to be HUGE like sony
Really appreciate the detailed research put behind the video and the narration. However, shuffling the background music once in a while to something different wouldn't hurt!
Great video however in my research I have found that Jobs was not fired from Apple, he resigned a few months after the board stripped him of his position as head of the Macintosh organization.
I am on RUclips every day and never see the damn pole.
David Stecker he puts them in the community section
Steve Jobs was way ahead of the curve and many others would follow in his footsteps and very successfully create companies that will be acquired by larger companies.
One comment. You said that the NeXT slab ran a Motorola 68040 at 25Mhz which smoked the Mac Classic. Well, yeah. The Classic was essentially a re-issue of the original 1984 Mac or Mac Plus and ran a 68000 at 8Mhz. That CPU was almost 10 years old by then. Apple’s Quadra line used the 68040 series CPUs and they were fast too. I LOVED my Quadra 650 (68040 at 33Mhz). It was fast for that time. But NeXT’s UNiX-like OS was light years ahead of System 6 and 7, and made Windows look like something coded by a 5 year old.
damn i really want some vintage next machines. they really nailed the simple yet minimalistic design.
No need to throw shade at BeOS. It was super cool and pioneered a lot of stuff in its own right.
great introduction video to fill the gap between Steve Jobs left and come back to Apple during 85 to 97
That’s crazy when you think about it !
See you NeXT time! 😉👌
I wonder wtf he’s going to do when explains everything there is to about Apple.
He probably go on to create channels for explaining other things or maybe just stop making videos since some of his videos pop up in people's recommended which give him more views and more views=more money.
Something you forgot to mention - the current incarnation of OpenSTEP is Cocoa, the framework used to make Apple apps
If no Next, there would be no Apple Explained. ;)
Steve wasn’t forced out of Apple. He planned to go out because he was forced out of the Macintosh team. It’s written in the Walter Isaacson book.
wrong
*He was kicked off the Mac project and the board decided to side with Scully and not him. He wasn't fired from the company yet, but he was marginalized and moved to the side.*
That's when he decided to leave on his own and start NEXT.
Apple said OK, but he was told not to poach any Apple employees on his way out.
But he poached anyway, and that's when they formally fired him.
Whatever the interpretation of events, Scully later admitted that the board made a mistake and should have sided with Jobs.
Thank U, neXT
You should do the History of Apples Ecosystems.
That computer has aged pretty well I think. Especially the monitor stand design. It looks sleek and futuristic. Other computers that came after that time period were bulky in the stand department. Because of this, they used the same design with the imac back in 2010 or so.
He loves his turtleneck
Apple: You're fired.
Jobs: HOLD MY NEXT!
I just got an MJD ad!
ashton kutcher really looked like Steve jobs from before...played the role well in movie
Next do history of apples “gates” as in like bend gate and antenna gate and stuff like that
Jefferton Ahyeeoobee I had a 6S. I never had any problems.
Bend gate is only on the 6
Jefferton Ahyeeoobee it’s still technically on all models, 6s only had more resistance to bending than 6 I think, but if u put enough pressure can still bend I think
NeXT now: Unknown people purchased NeXT and changed the name into NZXT. The company then is a video graphic card factory.
Last place in the poll... why have the poll if you're going to ignore the results?
BeOS was no more a knockoff of MacOS any more than the Mac itself was an "original" idea of Jobs and CrApple™. BeOS was the logical next step in the development of computer hardware and computer operating systems, but just as happened with the Commodore Amiga, the computer industry, (and general public), were already locked-in to the same dead-end path that both currently find themselves on.
BeOS + the "BeBox" was the most advanced person computer in existance at the time, capable of doing things other computers could only dream of. Had BeOS been successful the computer world would have most likely leap-frogged a decade or more past where technology is today.
Michael Fassbender : I will you gonna have to say, we don't have an OS
Journalist : An operating system?
Wow beautiful content loved it
Are there any next companies awesome products
The Next Cube was actually the computer John Carmack used to make DOOM.
I thought Jobs was finished in 1996 and was out of ideas.
I didn't know he would have a second coming that would dwarf everything he did before.
Love your channel!! Really good information!!
I certainly don't like how you glossed over BeOS, but that's not shocking I guess. It would be a good topic since it was a such a part of Apple history and as a former developer I find it a bit sad it's over looked like this.
this guy is just restating the Wikipedia article of NeXT lol
Im living with a iphone 4 in 2018 you should be amazed
me2
Both of you using iPhone 4 has me gobsmacked 😶
me too
i live with 3g to 2017
zabaviteseinapravite a 3G up to 2017?! How is that possible?! 😱
What phone did you switch to afterwards?
❓Why bother voting when you pick the least favorite and sell it as the 3rd winner?
Thank you for the very video =D
Thanks for this
Have the book, will read soon.
It was not as much of OS innovation. Much of the pieces were already out there. Unix was already there. The processor 68000 was nothing new. Display PostScript was also available on Sun as NewS. Object C was acquired and not invented at NeXT. It was the way all the pieces were tied together with cohenerence and consistency that made NeXT technologically wonderful. You could see the same thing as the iPhone -piece wise there was nothing new or invented at Apple, it was how it was placed together which made it the whole greater than sum of its parts.
Did he really say BSD is a sketchy knock off of MacOS?
Try the other way around. BSD is a standard Unix Server. Not designed to be a workstation in any way.
did you really said macos is a sketchy knock off of bsd?
try the other way around.
No, actually he said that of BeOS, which is even more ridiculous. Before the candy-coated "BSD for dummies" MacOSX debuted, the "OS" in MacOS could generously be attributed to wishful thinking.
*Manual* memory management? MSDOS handled that automtically, fer fuck's sake! "Cooperative" multitasking? Was that some kind of joke?
BSD, as the first funtional clone of ATT's Unix was and is, a real, if somewhat dated, operating system.
BeOS (and its still extant open source clone Haiku), a truly modern OS (no 1960s legacy baggage there) was a thing of beauty that was destroyed in the process of Jobs's triumphant return to Apple to save his preious cult. I don't know what to say about the grotesque rewriting of history that is embodied in this outrageous slander that "knock off" represents...
This is kind of like the Michael Scott Paper Company of it's time
BeOS is a sketchy MacOS knockoff? Wow man. That's harsh. BeOS was much better than MacOS in its day and would have been a fine replacement for it. At the time, MacOS was the one with sketchy underpinnings that caused real stability issues. Maybe it was no worse than windows 95, but it was simply not in the same league as Be, Linux, or Next or even NT.
Damn I never even heard of such a thing as next!
Well, that would be because it was a total failure - overpriced, with a hardware design which made zero logical or practical sense, (just like the failure that was the original Macintosh).
The "next" computer was Jobs being Jobs - claiming he had come up with a "new" idea which in reality was nothing more than a mashup of what everyone else was doing at the time, just at 100x the price.
steve jobs was a genius , in 1880 - 1950 steve ware so great wie Nikola Tesla ... steve only one in the world give technology a heard ,,, in 2100 - 2180 steve jobs can construct the Skynet ... I have my whole life a windows ,,, and he was a great trader 👌👌👌👌💎💎💎💎💎💕💕💕💕💖💖💖💖😍😍😍💎💎💎💎💎💎💎💎😇😇😇😇😇😁😁😁😁😁
Ronald Havlin
what?
THE GREATEST PERSON IN THE HUMAN HISTORY WHO IS THIS?OF COURSE STEVE JOBS
HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA!!!!!!!
Sorry, but, no.
Steve Jobs was not the "greatest" person in history. Steve Jobs was a SALESMAN. Maybe the greatest salesman to ever live, sure, but still, only a salesman, (and there is nothing wrong with that). Jobs could sell anything to anyone, even when what he was selling was complete trash, or just an overpriced copy of something that had already been done by others.
That's his story - Steve Jobs sold things. He didn't invent, or innovate, or program, or engineer - he took ideas that others came up with, dressed them up all pretty, jacked the price to the Moon and back, and convinced his Cult followers that they HAD TO HAVE IT!
Steve Jobs wasn't fired...he quit and sent his resignation to the board.
True
It proves that Steve Jobs will to change the world is unbeatable!.
my granny bought it when it was relased so now i have one now in my home
I hate to get too wound up but I am reading Next was just Unix... and TBL would have picked something better. Sorry charley, UNIX was and IS the best rooted version of any OS ever in all its flavors, and every OS (windows) tries to adapt things to conform to its framework.... Ux varieties are all superior computing environments but it was the X11, Gnome, CDE, Next and Mac OS that made it approachable
9:06 Great pun!
3M as in the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company?
dude never said no pun intended once. I have to assume they were intended
*_Ohh man I miss this guy so much :-(_*
can you do a history of the mac lc line?
It would just be boring, since pre-Steve Jobs computers aren’t innovative, successful or just any exciting.
Just started to watch and like
ColourLiquids ( Water Colour Pencils ), ColourPastels ( Oil Pastels ), ColourCrayons ( Wax Crayons ), ColourPencils ( Pigment Graphites ), & TwelveColours; Black, Gray, White, Pink, Red, Brown, Orange, Apricot ( Peach ), Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet ( Purple ),.
Is the Greg who narrates these videos the Lofty Pursuits guy?
Why would you fire your founder?
He was bringing down the company, the apple II (released in 1977) was their most successful computer for 21 years. And guess what? The computer was made by Steve Wozniak and not Steve Jobs. Basically, they were gonna go bankrupt because of Steve Jobs. The company had no successful computer after 1977 until the iMac in 1998.
@@victorivanov6603 pff fail
History of apple without Jobs in 90s
honestly, what are the voting polls for other than fake channel engagement? i swear, more than two thirds of the videos on your channel google recommends i watch next are not the winner of the poll, kinda showing that you make the videos you end up making regardless, and if the topic won a poll, it's out of pure coincidence rather than because of the outcome of the poll.
keep fighting till you win or you die.
If there is no Next there is no Apple today. Let's all thank Gil Amelio for having the foresight of buying Next and bringing Steve Jobs back :) Next is also responsible for a lot of modern CGI including the stuff in lucasfilms etc etc Disney owes Next.
@8:48: "COP-land" as in "cop", not "cope-land" as in "to cope". For that was what 'classic macos' was missing: memory protection, I/O protection and resource protection of multiple processes running on the same machine. (NeXT was built on UNIX, so it had this from version 1.)
Pop quiz: How many times was the word next said?