When Lions Ruled Europe
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- Опубликовано: 25 янв 2020
- Cave Lions once lived all across Europe, Asia and even in North America and were clearly important to early humans. But what did these animals look like? Why did they go extinct? And how did people interact with them?
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Sources:
www.amazon.com/Missing-Lynx-F...
www.geology.cz/bulletin/conten...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panther...
www.openquaternary.com/articl...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
zslpublications.onlinelibrary...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
www.nationalgeographic.com/ne...
siberiantimes.com/science/cas...
siberiantimes.com/science/cas...
siberiantimes.com/science/cas...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion-man
journals.plos.org/plosone/art...
www.iucnredlist.org/species/1...
I always found it strange that cavemen seemed to have a better grasp of drawing anatomy and persepective in their paintings than 90% of medieval artists.
Its because in Medieval art it was on purpose, the art style of the Medieval period was more stylized than Rome and later, where realism is focused.
@@forickgrimaldus8301 just admit that it was ugly man
A lot of medieval artists based their bestiary illustrations on second- and third-hand accounts, so it’s inevitable that they’d be terrible. The Cro-Magnons and other prehistoric artists depicted animals that they interacted with on a routine basis.
I imagine if you carve up animals on the daily you become very familiar with how they physically are
@@sambeaumont4337 explain why the cats, dogs and all farm animals look weird in medieval art
It's amazing that during the Ice Age animals that we typically associate with Africa such as lions, hyenas, elephants, and rhinos coexisted with animals we typically associate with North America such as bears, wolves, elk, and bison.
North America? We still having bears, wolves, elks and bisons in Europe, actually Eurasia, and even more during Ice Age times.
Tipical of a world ruler wannabe Yankee...
@@diegocaceresmarquez5007 This maybe be true or may be, we have little/no evidence of some of those creatures surviving. Also, why incinerate the to claim it's due to wannabe Yankees' its a hyperbole.group this all having anything to collective hate. wannabe Yankees'.
Not to mention Giant sloths, American cheetahs, giant beavers and armadillos, as well as all the other interesting megafauna from South America and Australia that early humans wiped out
@@alexl572 Wannabe Yankees no, I tried to say wannabe world ruler yankee (or a yankee world ruler wannabe, honestly I don't what is the correct form), a person from the USA that thinks the only important and the best country in the world is USA ignoring the rest of the world.
Sorry for my not correct english, my bad.
@Diego Cáceres Márquez Did I say those animals are only found in North America? No, I said we typically associate those animals with North America. Lions, hyenas, elephants, and rhinos can all be found in Asia, yet we typically associate them with Africa. It's true that bears, wolves, elk, and bison can all be found outside of North America, but we typically associate them with North America.
I don't want to rule the world, nor do I believe that the USA is superior to European countries. And I don't appreciate you implying that I do or you putting words in my mouth either.
How to name a Pleistocene mammal:
Step 1: discover it
Step 2: find a modern mammal it looks like and is related to
Step 3: add cave or wooly to the name
Ohhh, thats where wooly mammoth comes from. WAIT.
Or "saber tooh" ... in the days when "Saber Tooth Field Mice" ruled the world.
Woolly man?
@Freddythegreat09 Shriplton Smilodon Corleone
@@nayeemhaque1064 I've seen him down at the beach as a kid. He would come around to watch the sunset, only in his shorts and his magnificently curly gorilla shirt ...
African Lions: Who are you?
Cave Lion: I’m you but *Stronger.*
Also with a decent haircut. Hippie.
@@bskec2177 the atlas lion had a pretty good mane too. It was dark and spread from their belly to their necks
@@Spongebrain97 Same with Cape Lions.
Jurassic Room But when the modern day lions see the American Lion: MANELESS! MANELESS! MYEYES!
(American lion) hold my beer
For the lion man sculpture “religious purposes” usually means archeologists and anthropologists have no idea what it was for.
It was clearly one of the earliest examples of a fursona.
It could be the first action figure ever, from the series of shaman tales "The Adventures of Lion-man" is an hypothesis of equivalent validity.
yeah it certainly was just a stone age action figure. Damn someone beat me to it.
@@TheZapan99 Lol, love your theory. In all seriousness, I would think that whoever made it may have been hoping to "harness" or channel the power of lions. If someone held it and carried it around, perhaps they were also hoping for protection.
@@woodenbean7424 Do you mean the carrier held up the figure and shouted "By the power of Gray-Lion, I have the power!"
From the title, I thought this was PBS Eons for a second.
I was relieved when I neither heard Ms Squeaky nor saw Nerd McBadtaste.
@@needfoolthings Mr squeaky? 😂
@@needfoolthings yeah PBS eons is interesting but the way the people present it is childish and annoying
@@UmbraXCVII Ms. As in MISS. Girl. You know, the one with ... the voice. Which may be caused by her veeeeeeeeerrry tight pants. I wasnt sure tight pants had this effects on girls, too, but there she is squeaksplaining paleontology to me.
@Zach Jones I get it. From your comment, I also know what age bracket you must be in.
Did anyone notice that based on the cave art cave lions might have had more prominent tear markings like that of cheetahs than that of African lions? An adaptation to cut down on snow glare perhaps?
Lion Heart sure,! cheetas are on snow all the time you re right..
@@spaceartist1272 If you are gonna be sarcastic at least be smart enough to spell. Cheetahs use their marking to cut down on sun glare, snow glare can also be blinding so it might make sense to have some built in eye protection.
Lion Heart why cheetas just dont use sunglasses! easy enough!
I noticed that myself. It's not in all the examples of cave art shown in the video, but tear lines are depicted often enough I suspect it might have been present on individuals. Didn't see any on the preserved cubs but it may have been regional or seasonal (wild guessing here).
Lion Heart its gepard on my language why should i call it monkey 🐒
The Barbary lion maybe the last lion subspecies in modern history to went extinct after their ice age cousins.
Simba killed him
According to recent studies, there are only 2 lion subspecies, the southern lion (P. leo melanochaita) and the northern lion (P. leo leo) which includes the Barbary lion and Asiatic lion, so technically it's not extinct but still very endangered.
@@daliborjovanovic510 yes if im correct 90% of lions in European zoos are Barbary lions and with selective breeding can become "pure" and it's said their two pure Barbary lions in the morrocan royal zoo
@@thegodfather_8455 A lot of zoos in North Africa and Europe claim to have Barbary Lions, but most are reluctant to allow DNA tests and the few that have been tested have found a lot of hybridisation with extant lions, although they do have some Barbary DNA.
@@RRW359 yes I know their not pure but with enough selective breeding they potentially can become genetically "pure"
In the cave, the rocky cave, the cave lion sleeps tonight, in the cave, the echoey cave, the cave lion sleeps tonight.
Eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee
Eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee
Aeeeeoooh wommm ba waaaaay
Eeeeeeeeee
In the Tundra, the icy Tundra the lions slept 23.000 years ago
If I remember the Ancient Greek mythology correctly, they fought with lions every now and then. Means the European lions still lived about 2500-3000 years ago.
And later than that. The very last lion population in Europe was a population in the Transcaucasia area in the middle ages (10th Century AD).
@@m.wallace2705 those were modern lions
Those are not cave lions but asiatic lions
@@Dennodq Is there way to resurrect the Cave lions? Along with Woolly Mammoth, Woolly Rhino, Saber-tooth, terror bird, etc.
@@arolemaprarath3248 We have preserved cave lions and woolly mammoths.
Caveman: "Damnit kids! Quit drawing on the walls, we'll never get our deposit back. Go ahead and bury your dead grandpa, I don't care if people think we're 2 million years older."
Bob Loblaw 👏
How many grunts oogas and Boogas does this translation include ?
Look Simba, everything the light touches is our kingdom.
Except that shadowy place over there is ruled by your uncle.
And that dark place? That, my son, is Bridgwater!
/;Somerset joke mode off.
Except for that foggy place over there...
Shivers in Britain
@@mrsanity 🤣😂🤣😂
You should never go to that place...it's where our ancestors f'd up.
I'm always impressed by the amount of detail in prehistoric art. People tend to forget they were humans just like us and had the same capabilities. It's just that our society evolved.
Actually it is even possible that ancient humans had higher intelligence but that it had started to decline from around the last few thousand years.
@@briangarcia7384 I can fully believe we’ve gradually lost intelligence.
200,00 B.C. "Help me steppe lion, I'm stuck"
"They should be living alongside me where I am in Britain, but they are not here."
I can feel the sadness in your heart when you said that 💔
Well, that's a foolish sadness.
Truth be told, if they did live "alongside him, right now in Britain" his next words would probably be "AAAAAAAAAAAHHH HELP! AAAAAHH!....OH GOD NOOOO! AAAAGHHHH!"
Well if nothing changes we won't have any English left in Britain soon either.
Mr. Little City yes sad, but at least he doesn’t have to worry about lions breaking into his house for a snack like they did for cave bears.
Scew that. I rather like being able to walk the countryside with needing to bring a bazooka for person protection.
Cave lions are genuinely remarkable.
Could you also make a video about their American cousin (the American Lion), please?
Or the American cheetah which I believed evolved into the modern mountain lion!!???
@sungirl reloaded Lol, You actually think the American Lion (Panthera atrox) is fake?
@@chriscurran7756 the american cheetah didn't evolve into the mountain lion
@@nownow1681 the American cheetah and the cougar both had a common ancestor and only by parallel evolution people thought it was related to the African cheetah. According to Wikipedia......
@@chriscurran7756 they could share an ancestor but the cheetah didnt turn into a cougar lol
Those cave drawings of the lions is really well done. Its clear that our early ancestors had an understanding of point perspective and how to draw in proportion.
I really liked your display of gratitude to the ancient artists. I think it actually helped me humanise our potential ancestors. Great video, mate!
I read The Missing Lynx a few months ago, it's amazing what wild animals and megafauna were in the UK until very recently in palaeontological terms, it would be amazing to see Lynx, Wisent and Wolves back here
it would only be amazing until one of them took your baby
@@user-gb3rq9ol4c European bison
@@RI-kl3giThe European sister species of the North American bison.
LOVE the new channel logo!
I liked the old one, too. But, the simplified Tree Of Life-like theme, and new color scheme make for a aesthetically pleasing design.
Good job!
I think for April fools day you should do a video of "the evolutionary history of furries" and use the human-animal statues as proof of cave-furries etc ;P
Naah, he should do the rhinogrades instead. ;)
We should do anything that isnt that
@@MaureenLycaon i second this
IFunny Watermark lol
I was with you until you winked...
Like your new Profile Pic. I think covering the eurasian megafauna before and at the start of the holocene would be great, not many people are familiar with it.
Perhaps the figurine is an artistic rendition of a shaman in a lion pelt, or a dancer doing the same.
"half human, half cat ivory figures from almost 40 thousand years ago" and they say furries have no history
it's from germany?
yeah. it's furries
theres more than one??? yep. these are cave person fursonas
Darn it humans. We've been degenerate forever I guess
Furries but no bazongas and no tiddies? Not a furry then. I REJECT
Michal Zienkiewicz I don’t need bazongas to be cute :3
Heynas was beefing with loins way back in the ice age.
I think the Cave Lioness was already dead when Cave Hyenas came. So..
@@icemanchambers1207 Nope? They lived together in Eurasia for thousands of years
@@icemanchambers1207 Nope, they did live together. New studies even point out to the cave hyena being the dominant and most common large predator in Pleistocene Europe.
@@megadracosaurus I haven't seen any source claiming cave hyenas "the most dominant" or "most common" predator. Bears and Wolves were the most common. And the Cave Lions were pretty much the Apex predator of Europe so no. Cave Hyena wasn't the dominant. Big Cats were.
@@icemanchambers1207 This is a compilation of the scources I'm talking about. It also has links to the original articles. www.deviantart.com/anonymousllama428/journal/Mammoth-steppe-carnivore-ecology-645479135
Cave hyenas were extremely succesfull and widespread throughout Pleistocene Eurasia. We found a lot of traces of their presence, and we have evidence they competed (and even dominated) a number of predators, and were even fierce rivals of prehistoric humans. The articles suggest that cave lions, while certainly apex predators, were dominated by hyenas and wolves. It also talks about some lesser discussed predators, such as Ice Age leopards. The cave lion, while high up on the food chain, wasn't the dominant apex predator as once thought.
Yesss, videos on ancient animals are my favorite! Great video as usual, Ben, you are always an inspiration.
Driven to extinction by early human entertainment. Thanks Rome!
Tigers once lived in parts of eastern Europe until quite recent times as well and also in Iran and the areas around the Caspian Sea.Tigers existed in these areas well into the Twentieth Century but tigers probably never lived in Africa.I wonder why -maybe because of competition with lions?
Probably competition yeah, they’d occupy the same niche (that being giant death cat)
People cite sahara desert as the reason for tiger's limited habitat
I just want to say thank you for making videos like this!! Love your walking with dinosaurs series too :)
Just a thought... when I see these half human/half animal statues or paintings, I wonder if they are the 'demons' that haunted people during sleep paralysis. Back then they wouldn't have had the idea of alien abductions. Just something that crosses my mind.
And the logo is perfect.
I will say that ever since my recent deconversion from religion my nightmares and instinctual fears have shifted drastically from images of demons and hell to.....well being piss scared of a panther crawling out of the underbrush...with a lack of religious programming it seems the mind reverts to base fears so you may be onto something.
Not everyone who experiences sleep paralysis hallucianates, it is just one of the symptoms of sleep paralysis.
In 2020, cougars rule Europe's nightclubs.
LMAO
Absolutely great presentation! Thanks so much!
I remember learning about the European Lions in a Zoo Book back in the 90s. It blew my mind! That particular edition also detailed the American Lion which if I remember correctly was even bigger than it European relative.
I think the person who made the sculpture was propably just making it to burn time and raise moral
Its possible
Yeah people like to over think things like this. Art is art and rarely does it make sense or have a purpose.
@@evanjames575 It could have also been used a object to tell stories, which have might later made the object associated with a specieal being. But that would have been long after the original maker passing.
Woke up to this great video. You mad my day bro.
Awesome Video, thank you for sharing!
One of my favorite videos so far. And since i notice youre changing things around I would just like to request you keep the current background music. I love that track and it fits your channel like a glove. Those earthy almost primitive vibes leading into the futuristic synthesizer tones. Perfect representation of humans perception of time.
I just have to pick a bone with the assumption that the cave lion was eaten by cave hyenas because they were found in a cave together. Hyenas are scavengers and couldve dragged a corpse they found. The cave lion couldve died in its den and then years later the hyenas occupied it and chewed the bones. Nature rarely offers those dramatic battles. Its mostly scavenging and cross occupation that results in fossils being found together. If a bear skeleton from 400 years ago and a modern cemetery are discovered 10,000 years from now people are going to think it was eaten after a feast or buried ceremonially.
Hyenas are not scavengers.
Love the new logo, although I'm not sold on the 'studio' style of 7DOS presentation. I'm sure it'll just take a bit of time to acclimatize.
Just ordered the book, looking forward to reading it. Thank you.
Wow, thank you for this amazingly informative, fascinating program.
New profile logo is looking mighty fine Ben!
My immediate thought about the Lion Man is that shamans or particularly good hunters/fighters wore Lion pelts as a religious garment.
Outstanding well researched presentation, thank you.
Informative as always! I love this channel
One of my favourite mammals of all time! Thanks for giving them the love they deserve
You didn't even mention they had stripes on their hindquarters because of which they were suggested to be a tiger subspecies.
I like how we never imagine that small figurines could just be toys for children.
Love the new logo! Keep up the great work!
Breaks my heart to see the little cubbies. I've always loved big cats, and these glorious animals were part of our ancestors' lives not all that long ago.
Look I don’t want to be a spoilsport and I get that the sources on the lion-man hybrid state that the figure likely served “a religious purpose”.
But you’ve got to understand that in Archaeology we label everything we don’t understand that looks weird or without a clear purpose as a “ritual object”.
To the layman the term looks smart and sophisticated but to fellow archaeologists in the know it translates as “we have no bloody clue what it’s for but we’ve gotta call it something so ‘ritual’ it is”...
Yeah ikr
True. But there are some artifacts that really have to have been made for ritual purposes.
Lion man God is still worshipped today tho
This is by far my favorite video of yours, mainly because I love Lions so much!
Another educational and heartfelt video. Thanks again.
Fantastic video! The new logo looks very professional as well.
Hello Dr. Polaris have a good day
“The main purpose of this hair...”. Well punned!
I love that you are spreading awareness about the critical stage most animals are now in. Well done ❤️🙌🏻🙌🏻
Great video! It is always amazing to see how imensly different our ancestors world was. Do you have any sugestions on books on prehistoric art? I absolutely love those type of things. Also congrats on the new logo, it looks realy good.
the lion figurine is just the creation of the first furry
you cant change my mind.
First discovered* there's probably more that we just haven't found or were lost
it's a standing bear
@@ojutay8375 no, it's the creation of the FIRST furry
you are a furry
That Mane-less lion appears to have mange, and that may be why it in particular is mane-less; (which is not to say there aren't naturally mane-less males), though what I think is even more interesting is that female lions can sometimes have manes.
There is a population of maneless lions in the Kalahari desert, where it is an adaptation to extreme heat.
@@TheZapan99 what about the tsavo lions?.
Chance Givens Exactly what I was thinking.
@@baneofbanes I mean yeah the tsavo species of male lions dont have manes.
Mane mean testosterone black mane mean more testosterone for lion
Great Logo.
Great Ethos.
Great Content.
Thanks.
this is so amazing
really enjoyed the video great job!!!!!!!!
One of the first figurines made by humans is a furry. Nice.
I bet they used to say UWU even back then!
Sgrinwaipwr more like Ugwu amirite?
Animals = furrys? Pepega
@@conways3897 furrys = animals with human characteristics lulw
CS i know, but they think just a normal animas is a furry
American lions are my favorite lions and In general liens have been my favorite animal since I was a kid
Wonderful video I love your channel Ben G thomas
Excellent logo! I love the animals within the branches.
6:45 Thnak you for saying Bavaria and not Germany, it's appreciated.
The lion is one of my favorite big cats
I love big cats.
This video was so cool to watch. It was fun learning about Cave Lions, since they aren't always shown in media, and are usually replaced with Smilodons. I was hoping to add this creature into a world for a story I was making, and now watching this, it has given a lot of cool ideas, like a cat/man creature that is worship by some cultures.
amazing video, very educative and well written!
There was an actual true lion subspecies that took over the Cape lions place in Europe, that seems to be the same subspecies as the Asiatic lions, although they call them that European lions....
I just wanna let you know that I was struggling to find something I actually wanted to do, after binging your videos, imma find a new species of animal just for you
Great video and great new logo!
Great video and I second the book recommendation 👍
Unfortunately The Missing Lynx is not on Audible.
I love the sound lions make, I know it would have been terrifying for earlier humans but I love the noises. Listening to a mother grunt in grief or a male call out over his territory. I actually did my best to memorize most if not all cats species on earth currently, due to my love for wild and big cats. I also learned about a lot of extinct ones, cats are just amazing.
Loving the new look of the channel
Loved watching ang listening to this video while i was cutting old jeans for future quilts. Thank you for sharing this
The second lion expansion really sounds like DLC for some game
How are they finding so many cave lions? Can geologist figure out where ice age slides happened then use ground penetrating radar to look for buried cool things like bodies?
Thanks. Great music too :-)
thank U for this excellent video
Maybe the “lion man” is a human with a lion skin over their body
A furry?
@@mrmoth26 no lol, like the coats they make out of skin, not a suit
@@mongooseodon7608 Nah, it must be a furry
Cave Hercules?
Cave lions, cave hyenas, cave bears. caveMEN... holy hell!
cave squirrels, cave bees, cave sharks, cave grass
That are also cave RUclipsrs.
Cave crocs
Cave frogs
Cave caves
Great video. The new logo is great. I like it. The set for 7DOS is very professional but does that mean Doug will have to wear his suit every time?
Chauvet Cave, the gift that keeps on giving.
I like to think Heracles had a fight with a cave lion
Barbary lion: where are you?
Africa lion: i am In Africa but no one can’t beat me yet!
Thanks for making the video! I absolutely loved it. Very informative and very well put together as always, even though I can feel your sadness or desilusion when you talked about the cave lion extinction and its disappearing from Europe.
Argentinian author Jorge Luis Borges wrote a poem about the English Wolf, as well, and he touches upon its extinction also. Do you know that poem?
Not my fav animal BUT I do LOVE and enjoy your docus!!! Great vid as usual, and I respect the info you share! I learn! Thank you dear heart! I am a fan always!!!🙋♀️💕‼️
8:35 >Auroch looks at guy with a case of morning wood
>me: no. no please. surely we weren't degenerates from the very start. for all that is holy.
DraptorRonin Many polytheistic religions have a deity or deities related to sex - Priapus in Rome, for example. I'd be more surprised if our ancestors didn't have an anologue.
If only humans had domesticated lions like we did dogs.
It would be pretty baddass
Were doing that now w white lions and tigers .... we are selectively breeding captive big cats ... again (see rome ,india, etc etc )
Nigerian street gangs have done that with hyenas.
Toxoplasmosis can only influence us so much.
All these people(mostly rich Saudis) keeping big cats is just plain cruel, we have dogs and cats, lets leave the big cats alone
It's possible that humans attempted to domesticate cheetahs, but dumped them in favor of dogs when they spread to Africa.
The studio looks awesome!
Some very beautiful art work here if you don't mind me saying Ben,
accompanying your narrative.
Kind regards,
Robert.
So these lions shall remain maneless
Underrated comment
I wonder about the accuracy of the interpretation of every piece of art as something of religious significance. As an artist, I know I started out drawing and sculpting things with no more reasoning than "I felt like it". Often art is just done for arts sake.
Glad to see this vid. Always wondered about European cave lion.
Loved this!
Natodomeri lion next?
That would fit just right in
More info
Natodomeri lion, a giant lion found in Kenyan rocks. The specimen had a basal length of 380mm at minimum and since the condylobasal skull length is normally 25-35cm larger than the basal length we can get 410mm and then we can estimate a greatest skull length of 460mm making it as large if not larger than P. Atrox. Since this is the only individual found it is likely it is an average specimen
big lil Actually it was smaller than American Lion. It was probably around 300 kg, perhaps as big as the Cave Lion, but definitely not the American Lion.
@@denistyrant I will admit it would have probably not be larger than the American lion it certainly would have matched it. The basal lengths of most American lions cap out at 350mm and only the two of the largest ones were +380mm in basal length. This would make the Natodomeri lion as big as a large American lion. Since this is the only specimen others may have gotten larger.
@@denistyrant So I would suggest a maximum weight of +380kg
Like the new look (logo) guys
Asiatic Lions are Panthera Leo Leo population found in Historical Range like Arabia, Eastern Turkey, Caucasus, Mesopotamia, Palestine, Iraq, Iran and South Asia and few of these survivors lived in the Gir Forest in India's Gujarat State.
Great video like always, you should do one on the North American Lion now. I’m a Blackfeet Native American and I ask my Blackfeet language teacher a good question awhile ago, what would be the Blackfeet word for a North American Lion, and would they be big influence on our culture if they were still around.