Every Time Things Have Evolved Into Crocodiles

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  • Опубликовано: 30 май 2024
  • Convergent evolution has resulted in all sorts of creatures that look very similar to one another. One of the most interesting examples is the case of the repeatedly evolving crocodiles, with various animals that lived millions of years apart all evolving this body plan.
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    Sources:
    docs.google.com/document/d/1o...
    0:00 - Introduction
    2:03 - Crocodilian Evolution
    11:35 - Amphibians (Temnospondyls)
    18:38 - Embolomeres
    20:21 - Phytosaurs
    24:34 - Choristodera
    30:57 - Whales (Ambulocetus)
    33:41 - Spinosaurs
    36:56 - Conclusion

Комментарии • 787

  • @kingofflames738
    @kingofflames738 26 дней назад +1443

    The holy trinity of evolution goals:
    Crab, Whale and Crocodile

    • @altithoraxperotorum5133
      @altithoraxperotorum5133 26 дней назад +141

      Don't forget turtle

    • @tandmark
      @tandmark 26 дней назад +78

      ​@@altithoraxperotorum5133 And mole

    • @ExtremeMadnessX
      @ExtremeMadnessX 26 дней назад +86

      What about worms?

    • @chadgorosaurus4898
      @chadgorosaurus4898 26 дней назад +29

      And echolocation

    • @idle_speculation
      @idle_speculation 26 дней назад +47

      Crab isn’t really a thing outside of crustaceans, and all the different crab groups are so closely related that their common ancestor was probably halfway there to begin with.

  • @juncohill
    @juncohill 26 дней назад +1046

    Every time things have evolved into big cats. There are so many mammalian apex predators that have fallen into a similar body plan.

    • @__-be1gk
      @__-be1gk 26 дней назад +63

      I mean that's just the default body plan of every carnivoran

    • @bkjeong4302
      @bkjeong4302 25 дней назад +51

      To be honest some of them aren’t catlike as they relied entirely on their jaws to kill stuff (mesonychians, big hyaenodonts, etc)

    • @ashenfox7615
      @ashenfox7615 25 дней назад +15

      And also synapsids and sebecosuchians.

    • @Infernoraptor
      @Infernoraptor 25 дней назад +11

      Ooh! Good one. Thylacosmilus, thylacoleo, and, arguably, fossa and maybe gorgonopsians.

    • @Infernoraptor
      @Infernoraptor 25 дней назад +18

      ​@@__-be1gkyou have a point, but there are still a few cases of objectively cat-like cats. Thylacosmilus from the sparassodont marsupials and Thylacoleo from the wombat family are great examples.
      I think a good generalization of what OP might mean is either 1)an Apex predator mammal that used strong forelimbs to hold prey still before delivering a single killing bite to the throat, spine, or skull. (Not sure if either of my examples fit, tbh)
      2) a large mammallian predator that had a relatively short snout but had stabbing teeth rather than slicing or crushing

  • @4124V4TA-SNPCA-x
    @4124V4TA-SNPCA-x 25 дней назад +210

    Every time a plant evolved to trees. Trees are the super-crabs of plants.
    If i remember correctly, first tree like plants are from early carboniferous, super old body plan!
    And so many noon-trees are confused with trees...

    • @Ozraptor4
      @Ozraptor4 25 дней назад +5

      “Trees” go back to at least the Middle Devonian with Wattiezia.

    • @b.a.erlebacher1139
      @b.a.erlebacher1139 24 дня назад +14

      Tree format must have arisen independently over and over just in the angiosperms. There were also those strange extremely tall Palaeozoic columnar things that were fungi, although I've wondered whether they were some kind of lichen-like symbiosis with algae.

    • @4124V4TA-SNPCA-x
      @4124V4TA-SNPCA-x 24 дня назад +4

      @@b.a.erlebacher1139 I'm the same. I opt for lichen like symbiosis. I hope we will find out for sure one day (in our lifetime). And that's the earliest 'tree type life' AFAIK.

    • @mercuryatamolos3687
      @mercuryatamolos3687 22 дня назад +2

      The first “trees” weren’t even plants. They were fungi

    • @4124V4TA-SNPCA-x
      @4124V4TA-SNPCA-x 22 дня назад +3

      @@mercuryatamolos3687 kind of my point. Show me a fungus, lichen or plant crab! There are none.
      Trees >>> Crabs

  • @alexchapman3995
    @alexchapman3995 25 дней назад +127

    I’d like to put forward “Every time creatures have evolved into snakes”. It hasn’t happened a ton but it’s very weird that creatures have evolved to lose all of their limbs more than once.

    • @Ozraptor4
      @Ozraptor4 25 дней назад +18

      It has happened a ton = Caecilians, aistopods, Lysorophia, adelospondyls, sirens, amphisbaenians, anguines, cordylids, pygopods, dibamids, anniellids, Ophiodes, gymnophthalmids, Scincidae (leglessness independently evolved in at least 11 skink genera) and actual snakes. You could even include certain fish like Morays and rice eels which regularly make short forays onto land.

    • @alexchapman3995
      @alexchapman3995 25 дней назад +11

      @@Ozraptor4I didn’t realize the extent of convergent snake makery

    • @albytross8681
      @albytross8681 14 дней назад +4

      Snakes technically were one of the last occurrences of leglessness lol, pretty interesting

    • @melissaharris3389
      @melissaharris3389 12 дней назад

      Limblessness _is_ a weird trait to keep evolving.

    • @nhatho1723
      @nhatho1723 6 дней назад +4

      @@melissaharris3389exactly what a limbed organism would say

  • @The_Story_Of_Us
    @The_Story_Of_Us 26 дней назад +247

    Crocodyles probably have the most confusing taxonomy of all groups. We basically saw Crocodiles today and were like "okay these are crocodiles. Alligators, Caimans and Gharials? Not crocodiles, but they're all Crocodilians. What's this skeleton here? Sarcosuchus? Looks like a crocodilian, but nah it's not a crocodilian, but it is a Crocodylomorph, it looks like a crocodilian but it's not, but we're gonna say it's crocodile-like and just name that the wider group. What's this guy with a funny snout, Proterosuchus? Looks like a croc a bit, but the snout is weird, shall we call it a crocodylomorph? Nah... this is something else, you're just an archosaur... What are all these other animals that look like crocs but have long legs? Y'all are pseudo-crocs...."
    You get the idea. There are literally crocs, kinda crocs, croc-likes, proto-crocs, fake crocs etc... All of them described in relationship to how much they look like proper modern day Croc crocs, which are only crocs if they look a really specific way.

    • @barrygomberg2524
      @barrygomberg2524 26 дней назад +4

      Great analogy !

    • @calebsmith2362
      @calebsmith2362 26 дней назад +13

      Hate to nitpick here but Proterosuchus isn't an archosaur. Your analogy hits the mark none the less.

    • @fermintenava5911
      @fermintenava5911 26 дней назад +8

      Basically, every time a group had diversified and reached the old semi-aquatic prototype, there was an extinction event and only THAT group remained, to diversify again...
      Take it like a very classic car-line! ;)

    • @The_Story_Of_Us
      @The_Story_Of_Us 26 дней назад +17

      @@calebsmith2362 ah yes I see my error. They're not Archosaurs, but rather "Archosauromorphs", so basically "Archosaur look-a-likes"... Damn, I cut my little rant short of that one...

    • @Ozraptor4
      @Ozraptor4 24 дня назад +7

      Imagine how confusing the term "bird" would be if some non-avian paravians survived to the present day.

  • @Redneckkratos
    @Redneckkratos 26 дней назад +131

    First Crabs, then turtles, now everything is evolving into CROCS?!?!?

    • @joluoto
      @joluoto 25 дней назад +18

      and moles. Everything evolves into moles in the end.

    • @a.r.h9919
      @a.r.h9919 25 дней назад +13

      You also got crocs that evolve into mammals

    • @Drone_Actual
      @Drone_Actual 23 дня назад +3

      😂😂😂

    • @Drone_Actual
      @Drone_Actual 23 дня назад +3

      😂 🐊🐊🐊

    • @FrikInCasualMode
      @FrikInCasualMode 23 дня назад +2

      If it works, it works.

  • @samwill7259
    @samwill7259 26 дней назад +110

    Time for the ultimate chimera Whale-Croc-Crab.
    The victory of natural selection

    • @platedlizard
      @platedlizard 25 дней назад +13

      That's just a big sea turtle

    • @pengen_gantinama
      @pengen_gantinama 25 дней назад +4

      how about worms?

    • @thhseeking
      @thhseeking 23 дня назад +2

      There's also the Crocoduck 😛

    • @TekkamanBiker
      @TekkamanBiker 21 день назад +2

      That sounds like a good idea for a kaiju.

  • @chir0pter
    @chir0pter 26 дней назад +106

    This is great, but I think what’s left out of these discussions is the concepts of phylogenetic inertia and pre adaptation. Like the various stem-turtles evolved into turtle-like things because they already had the non-undulatory oar-like locomotion/swimming bauplan, so adding a shell just fit. Not to mention the existence of genetic networks- dolphins re-evolved dorsal fins to look like sharks, but did you know the genetic pathway to making dorsal fins still exists in tetrapods? As fin development has been modified to produce limbs, this is why you can get cows with an extra leg growing out of their back.

    • @SalivatingSteve
      @SalivatingSteve 25 дней назад +9

      Excellent point about genetic pathways. We see a lot of this in embryology. Proterostomes vs deuterostomes classifies based on whether the blastopore turns into the mouth or the anus.

    • @Joss0051
      @Joss0051 25 дней назад +2

      Excellent as ever, thanks for all the hard work. Warm regards Joseph

    • @bioemilianosky
      @bioemilianosky 6 дней назад +1

      Cool info dude

    • @DamienMuto
      @DamienMuto 4 дня назад +2

      So I got to ask, what are the chances of a human being born with a primate/monkey like tail? Just using it as a visual like how the saiyans from dragon Ball Z have?
      With how close we are with other primates, and still having a tailbone, it seems like only a matter of time.

    • @chir0pter
      @chir0pter 4 дня назад +2

      @@DamienMuto it happens, pretty rare, and it's not really functional, just requires surgery

  • @fedmcglowie7240
    @fedmcglowie7240 26 дней назад +71

    "I am not a croc"
    - Richardosaurus Nixoni

    • @cristhianmlr
      @cristhianmlr 22 дня назад +3

      *nixoni, no caps

    • @swalihmm
      @swalihmm 21 день назад +5

      ​@@cristhianmlr no 🧢

    • @cristhianmlr
      @cristhianmlr 21 день назад +1

      @@swalihmm clever girl

    • @swalihmm
      @swalihmm 21 день назад +1

      @@cristhianmlr thank you mi'lady.

    • @cristhianmlr
      @cristhianmlr 21 день назад +2

      @@swalihmm *m'entity

  • @DragonFae16
    @DragonFae16 24 дня назад +11

    Convergent evolution seems to crop up a lot in nature. A video I'd be interested in is creatures/body features that only evolved once.

    • @loopbraider
      @loopbraider 22 дня назад +3

      The Tully Monster. Tullimonstrum. Known from the Pennsylvanian, so pretty late in the Paleozoic, yet nobody can even figure out what the heck group it belongs in or if it was a sole surviving holdover from some unknown Cambrian Explosion basal group.

  • @thoughtfuldevil6069
    @thoughtfuldevil6069 26 дней назад +54

    So on other planets, we can expect:
    Streamlined aquatic organisms
    Flat, crablike organisms
    Semi-aquatic, sprawling organisms

    • @ArchJ17
      @ArchJ17 25 дней назад +14

      Don’t forget long legless organism

    • @shanerooney7288
      @shanerooney7288 25 дней назад +11

      Large swimming organisms filter feeding.
      Small blunt oval organisms with proportionally large front limbs used for digging.
      Flora with a stiff vertical main body that terminates with energy collecting body parts that maximise surface area.

    • @Godfrey544
      @Godfrey544 6 дней назад

      And humanoid forms in other civilizations. Like Star Trek

    • @thoughtfuldevil6069
      @thoughtfuldevil6069 6 дней назад

      @@Godfrey544 Humanoid forms happened only once. Won't be replicated anywhere.

    • @Godfrey544
      @Godfrey544 6 дней назад

      @@thoughtfuldevil6069 you can say the same for civilizations.

  • @optillian4182
    @optillian4182 25 дней назад +29

    Arthropods evolving into crabs: "Finally, a worthy opponent. Our battle will be legendary!"

  • @benmcreynolds8581
    @benmcreynolds8581 26 дней назад +34

    Question: Is there a site we can go to where we can look up all sorts of paoleoartists all in one place? Or do we have to individually look up each one independently? I love that people work on visual depictions of creatures and I hope there is a collective library of this quality work. It's a fascinating blend of science, biology, mechanical engineering and creativity

    • @Crocy
      @Crocy 25 дней назад

      I don't know about any comprehensive libraries, but I've seen a lot of paleoart on DeviantArt

    • @einindividuum5428
      @einindividuum5428 24 дня назад +3

      I‘m commenting to hopefully see some good tips where to look for cool paleo art.

    • @Huginn9129
      @Huginn9129 22 дня назад

      ⁠@@einindividuum5428look up joschua knüppe

  • @luukzilla1519
    @luukzilla1519 26 дней назад +100

    Here is a random off topic question, would Koolasuchus be able to survive in the Amazon rain forest?

    • @samwill7259
      @samwill7259 26 дней назад +64

      Large amphibians don't generally do well in this current environment. Anything it would be trying to do it would have to compete with Caimans for the niche and I don't think that's a battle its winning

    • @luukzilla1519
      @luukzilla1519 26 дней назад +7

      @@samwill7259 True

    • @idle_speculation
      @idle_speculation 26 дней назад +42

      The climate of the Amazon is really different to the cool temperate habitats it originally lived in, so perhaps not. They might fare better in, say, the Yellow River.

    • @nonsequitor
      @nonsequitor 26 дней назад +11

      If you dropped a few into a logging camp at night, probably pretty well 🤷‍♂️

    • @rileyernst9086
      @rileyernst9086 26 дней назад +11

      New Zealand or Southern Australia on the other hand...

  • @gattycroc8073
    @gattycroc8073 26 дней назад +28

    man, I love crocs and croc-like animals. as you said creatures the Choristoderans are truly remarkable, and I hope they get more attention than they already get.

  • @Snocone333
    @Snocone333 25 дней назад +15

    like i knew that crocs are reptiles.
    and i knew that birds are basically the remaining dinosaurs
    but the idea that birds and crocs are both the """same family"" of reptile blew my mind. i had no idea, or at least hadnt ever digested that fact until you put it so plainly.

    • @Blokewood3
      @Blokewood3 25 дней назад +5

      Same clade, as they have a common archosaur ancestor

    • @loopbraider
      @loopbraider 22 дня назад

      Yes that blew my mind too when I found this out. Crocodiles are closer genetically/ evolutionarily to birds than they are to snakes and lizards. So the word "reptile" is no longer a very meaningful word scientifically unless birds are included in the group.

  • @Hundredyacrewoods
    @Hundredyacrewoods 26 дней назад +15

    Every time Eyes (definition: a sense organ using parts of the electromagnetic spectrum) have evolved would be a good one. I know ancestral snakes lost their eyes and then re-evolved them as just one example. It is honestly surprising how many time eyes have evolved.
    Also multicellularity, trunks, "going back to the water" (times groups having evolved to live on land have members evolve to live it water again) and flight (powered and gliding).
    One that would really interest me is the thumb (an opposable digit) and hands in general.
    Excellent video. Thank you.

    • @melissaharris3389
      @melissaharris3389 12 дней назад +2

      Blood would be a good one. Its evolution separately at least 3 times.

  • @isaiahgarza87
    @isaiahgarza87 26 дней назад +143

    One suggestion I have for a future video is the evolution of rhino/rhino-like body plans.

    • @lb540
      @lb540 26 дней назад +13

      That would be a very short video. The rhino bodyplan is pretty much just an upscaled version of the ancestral Perissodactyl body plan with maybe an added horn or two.
      So brontotheres, rhinos and Elasmotherines all inherited this bodyplan from a common ancestor and didn't evolve it independently.
      Embrithopods, Dinoceratans Toxodonts and Hippos may seem rhino like at first glance but functioned completely differently both anatomically and ecologically.
      And a definition of rhino-like that could include them, would also include basal elephants, larger bovines, diprotodontids, Ceratopsians, Pareiasaurs and some Oreodonts.

    • @takenname8053
      @takenname8053 25 дней назад +1

      It could be simplified into animals with forward facing horns on their head

    • @lucasserafim4152
      @lucasserafim4152 23 дня назад +1

      Rhino/hippo like body shapes have appeared many times! Good idea

    • @JNJ1983
      @JNJ1983 19 дней назад +1

      That's Battle Unicorn, to you, sir!

    • @bensantos3882
      @bensantos3882 18 дней назад

      Brontotheriums are actually closer to horses or eques than Rhinos. Rhinos and Tapirs are actually closer in relation than horses and Rhinos.
      If I'm not mistaken Calicotheres are closer to horses too. Very interesting group. Let's not even get started with the whole Meridiungulatas which have all the Notougulatas. I think they're persidactyls too.

  • @johnwalters1341
    @johnwalters1341 26 дней назад +12

    One important group of invertebrates that has been neglected in treatments of this sort is the brachiopods, which show convergence with bivalve molluscs. They were one of the commonest groups of marine fauna in the Paleozoic, alongside the trilobites. But whereas the trilobites get a lot of attention, the brachiopods hardly get a mention, even though they have continued in reduced numbers up to the present day. They superficially resemble clams, but a clam has a left and a right shell, while brachiopods have a top and a bottom shell. The internal organs are completely different, too. Take a look and see if you find them as interesting as I do.

  • @donovantownshend8783
    @donovantownshend8783 26 дней назад +40

    The proboscises idea sounds fun
    Also, 8:40

    • @aIex602h
      @aIex602h 18 дней назад +1

      The sussysuchids

  • @extraordinarytv5451
    @extraordinarytv5451 26 дней назад +11

    Some people obsess over carcinization. I'm more of a suchization guy myself tbh.

  • @mathdesm9306
    @mathdesm9306 14 дней назад +2

    Guy swimming: *GASP* A crocodile
    Creature: Don't worry, I'm a temnyspondil.
    **CHOMP**

  • @idle_speculation
    @idle_speculation 26 дней назад +6

    Semi aquatic otter-beaver shaped synapsids would be interesting to look at. There are therocephalians like Procynosuchus, not to mention many different mammaliaforms and other mammal-adjacents, and afrotheres, hyaenodonts, carnivorans, ungulates, and many others just in crown mammals.

  • @vikrantpulipati1451
    @vikrantpulipati1451 26 дней назад +13

    The Gharial at 11:17 had me dead 😂

    • @DarkDiamond-jx2gx
      @DarkDiamond-jx2gx 25 дней назад +2

      Glad I wasn't the only one to laugh at such a strange and goofy looking little guy 😂

    • @stevewilson4718
      @stevewilson4718 14 дней назад +1

      They can grow *upto* 20ft (2nd largest *crocodilian* after Saltwater Crocodile) & can easily drag a person under water.

  • @lucasserafim4152
    @lucasserafim4152 23 дня назад +3

    Your idea for a video about evolution of trunks is pretty neat!
    Here I present some ideas for another videos like that:
    1- Everytime things evolved into "theropods".
    We know that some pseudosuchians have presented bipedal predator bodyplans, also herrerasaurids and cariamas and secretary birds (those even redeveloped the claw in the foot).
    2- Everytime things evolved into "fishes".
    It's well known that ichthyosaurs and cetaceans have convergently achieved a fish-like body plan. But some invertebrates (sea-slugs and cephalochordates) have done it so.
    3- Everytime things evolved into "anteaters".
    Here we have anteaters, aardwolves, aardvarks, pangolins, that marsupial thing in Australia, that silly dinosaur with just one claw in it's hand...
    4- Everytime things evolved gliding.
    This one would be a mess...

    • @Masklord303
      @Masklord303 23 дня назад +1

      ''that marsupial thing in Australia'' is called a numbat
      ''that silly dinosaur with just one claw in its hand'' is called Mononykus (and other members of their family, the Alvarezsauridae)

    • @lucasserafim4152
      @lucasserafim4152 22 дня назад

      @@Masklord303 Thanks! I just couldn't find their names in my head! 😂

  • @thedarkmasterthedarkmaster
    @thedarkmasterthedarkmaster 26 дней назад +8

    I think you missed the Chronosuchia which are another clade of Reptilomorphs that converged on crocodillians

    • @annamariadileva6247
      @annamariadileva6247 24 дня назад

      Also the proterochampsids, some diadectomorphs such as Limnoscelis, some stem-tetrapods and some other temnospondyls

  • @adrianamunguia3438
    @adrianamunguia3438 26 дней назад +4

    Yesss, another video about convergent evolution I absolutely love this videos, AND it’s a long one, AND about my favourite reptiles; now I have the perfect video to watch while I eat, haha. Thank you! ❤

  • @owenconroy1262
    @owenconroy1262 26 дней назад +8

    Man if there’s one modern lineage I wish had their prehistoric diversity it would have to be Crocodilians. Such an unbelievably diverse and interesting set of reptiles. Great video!!

    • @chrisdonish
      @chrisdonish 25 дней назад

      I wish all of archosauria still had their diversity. Damn that meteor.

  • @legendre007
    @legendre007 26 дней назад +5

    I especially love those amphibians like the Mastodonsaurus you mentioned, with tusks on their lower jaws and weird holes in their upper jaws near the nostrils. I love how when they closed their mouths, the tops of their tusks poked out the tops of those holes. 🥰

  • @patreekotime4578
    @patreekotime4578 26 дней назад +5

    I like that this video is also "Every Time a Crocodyliform Evolved into Something Other Than a Crocodile." Its really interesting how diverse these animals were!

  • @laurachapple6795
    @laurachapple6795 24 дня назад +4

    Eyes! Eyes have evolved independently so many times!

  • @johndoh5182
    @johndoh5182 15 дней назад +3

    So, another title for this could be "Every time something evolved to be like a fish and regretted it"

  • @bluedragon219123
    @bluedragon219123 26 дней назад +7

    Now do when everything evolved into "Not a Dinosaur"(it was especially common in the Triassic)! And don't forget there's Mammals that have too(Pangolins) and likely others too. Still Great Job on The Video! :)

  • @S-T-E-V-E
    @S-T-E-V-E 25 дней назад +2

    I love cases of convergent evolution, they are so fascinating! Please do more!

  • @RedScarGaming
    @RedScarGaming 25 дней назад

    You are doing a fine job of this series and I am certainly enjoying it. There is such a range of things you can do regarding convergent evolution. Flying is a convergent aspect that I for one am particularly interested in.

  • @NotesFromTheVoid
    @NotesFromTheVoid 26 дней назад +5

    Triassic animals just would not stop evolving into crocs would they.
    anyway this is an official temnospondyl appreciation post.

  • @xk445g
    @xk445g 26 дней назад +3

    Crocodile drinking game. Take a drink every time the word Suchia is said.

  • @zhadez10
    @zhadez10 4 дня назад

    This series is awesome, looking forward to the next part

  • @colinrountree4325
    @colinrountree4325 26 дней назад +1

    Fascinatingly informative and well presented 👍👍

  • @doogaming6635
    @doogaming6635 26 дней назад +1

    I’m really glad this video exists for personal reasons, as I’m currently working on a crocodilian paper that I hope to one day publish.
    I say this because, along with the observation of convergent evolution between river dolphins and crocodilians, both in terms of the elongated snout and homodont dentition, by complete coincidence, I ended up stumbling upon both a heterodont crocodilian and odontocete (toothed whale) that were contemporaries and lived in the same formation, meaning there could’ve been an overlap in available prey. These are the crocodilian Thecachampsa sericodon (the genus of which is the focus of this paper), and odontocete genus Squalodon. The latter genus is significant in that it is either a Platanistoid, the same superfamily as the south Asian river dolphins, or is at least closely related to Platanistoids.
    I just find it pretty funny that a ‘river dolphin’ and a crocodilian both evolved a different diet compared to other members of their respective clades, yet still ended up competing with each other.
    Honestly, a video about the convergent evolution with Odontocetes alone would be very interesting, as the taxonomic relation of many extinct genera remains divisive.

  • @tyronevalmores4668
    @tyronevalmores4668 21 день назад +1

    So that's why my slippers went missing. They just evolved into crocs

  • @sandrakiefler4649
    @sandrakiefler4649 24 дня назад

    Another awesome installment guys! Love these longer videos!!😉👍

    • @sandrakiefler4649
      @sandrakiefler4649 24 дня назад

      Oh, and I almost forgot……
      That shirt tho😅👌

  • @lv7952
    @lv7952 13 часов назад

    Amazing video, thank you!

  • @RRandomnessm
    @RRandomnessm 26 дней назад +4

    “U-THICK-A-DON” 😂

  • @bowiedoctor9156
    @bowiedoctor9156 26 дней назад

    Fascinating - there's a few here I've never heard of before. Thank you.

  • @adrianokury
    @adrianokury 21 день назад

    Thoroughly researched, good pace, well articulated speech, copious iconography, clear credits to the illustrations... A fine production.

  • @kuzimart2622
    @kuzimart2622 26 дней назад +1

    i'd love to see Every Time Things Have Evolved Into Rhinos, as well. its strange how often mammals have evolved heavily built, low browsing/grasing herbivorous forms with (or without) nasal horns or similar features: rhinos, titanotheres, uintatheres, arsinoiitheres, some toxodonts etc. plus you can expand that to include ceratopsians and some wierd dinocephlaians like struthiocephalus

  • @chir0pter
    @chir0pter 25 дней назад +1

    Another good topic would be all the times mammals have evolved to be otters- the ancestors of seals looked like otters (and for some reason the otter-like forms didn't persist), some related stem-pinnipeds looked like otters (also didn't persist), and of course otters themselves; then there are the Mesozoic docodonts; and maybe the water opossum? It's kind of odd that the whales never looked very otter-like- again an interesting entree into phylogenetic constraint in creating 'convergent' evolution!

  • @robwalsh9843
    @robwalsh9843 23 дня назад +1

    Great video, but there were two other groups that weren't mentioned. The Proterochampsia were archosauromorphs who also converged on the crocodile body plan including armor, but they may have been more terrestrial than aquatic. The other were the Proterosuchidae with their hooked jaws which appeared at the end of Walking With Monsters.

  • @thepaintingbanjo8894
    @thepaintingbanjo8894 25 дней назад +2

    Crabs and "crabs" - *FINALLY. A WORTHY OPPONENT. OUR BATTLE WILL BE LEGENDARY.*

  • @idio-syncrasy
    @idio-syncrasy 8 дней назад

    Love your knowledge and love your shirt 👕

  • @yahwea
    @yahwea 23 дня назад

    Very nice, please continue this series. These are very interesting so Cheers to you, Los Angeles

  • @petersmythe6462
    @petersmythe6462 26 дней назад +3

    Everything evolving into crocs, crabs, and snakes:

  • @yepits2675
    @yepits2675 25 дней назад

    great informative video!!! also that shirt is cool

  • @blackwolf6707
    @blackwolf6707 18 дней назад

    very in-depth and interesting kept my attention for 37 minutes which is not easy now days

  • @ShadySheev
    @ShadySheev 25 дней назад

    Very nice video. Good job!

  • @MrBytorr
    @MrBytorr 23 дня назад +1

    I've always thought that Crocodylomorph and Proboscidean evolution mirrored each other in the fact that the fossils are so different seeming, and yet the extant forms are more basic.

  • @tutubism
    @tutubism 22 дня назад

    Having seen crocodiles feeding & hunting in wildlife documentaries so many times & featured in alot of _"creature feature"_ films i used to watch on TV since i was little. They have always been my favorite group of living reptiles (apart from birds & squamates).
    Just the sheer diversity & resilience of this group of having to survive multiple mass extinction events is also truly an outstanding & remarkable feat!

  • @user-gd3xy2vl1s
    @user-gd3xy2vl1s 26 дней назад +2

    "There are always crocodiles" Terry Pratchett The Long Earth series

  • @Johncornwell103
    @Johncornwell103 24 дня назад +1

    Hell the croc design is so successful if you really think about it, Hippos are basically mammalian herbivore croc.

    • @loopbraider
      @loopbraider 22 дня назад

      And maybe the duck-billed platypus?

  • @martinfoss3788
    @martinfoss3788 21 день назад

    Awesome vid, i’m subbed👍

  • @belakovdoj
    @belakovdoj 20 дней назад

    Wow! Such a great video!

  • @aottadelsei980
    @aottadelsei980 26 дней назад +5

    Flightless seafaring birds
    Great Auk
    Hesperornithes
    Plotopteridae
    Sphenisciformes

  • @BarbarosaAlexander
    @BarbarosaAlexander 20 дней назад

    Convergent evolution is my favorite aspect of the whole science.
    Returning to water is my favorite of those. But, I'm very fascinated by the various suchids. Would love even more.

  • @speedy29676
    @speedy29676 26 дней назад +3

    Thanks!

  • @therealzilch
    @therealzilch 18 дней назад

    Well done as usual. It might be also be emphasised that convergent evolution exists at many levels of genetic difference. A close one that comes to mind is ducks and grebes. Both birds, but not especially close within _Aves,_ who evolved a very similar aquatic lifestyle, but with rather different paddling feet.
    Keep up the good work. Cheers from sunny Vienna, Scott

  • @admiralcat3809
    @admiralcat3809 24 дня назад +1

    I like how the age of Crocodile ancestors is almost all crocs except the actual croc niche is filled by something that isn't a croc at all.

  • @webfan7520
    @webfan7520 26 дней назад +1

    Love the shirt this week! It goes great with the podcasts on maritime animals and their environment. Hint: Expand your store and design shirts, with printed family trees, the eras in grunge Flintstones' fonts or convergent species and school bags related to the content. Then merch them within the presentation, especially on children's sizes. Re video, you and the team produce better content than absolutely anything on mass produced for TV that are 75% fluff stories and TV personality fillers.

  • @bluedragon219123
    @bluedragon219123 23 дня назад +1

    Also Saberteeth would be cool as well as it's fairly common in the past but not in the present. :)

  • @rileyernst9086
    @rileyernst9086 26 дней назад +3

    The extinction of the mekosuchines is a damn shame. Mekosuchus inexpectus would have been way too cute and quinkana fortistrum would be too cool. I would so much love to see one in the wild. Even if the chance of losing a limb whilst bush walking is increased exspentually.

  • @quickestscoped7603
    @quickestscoped7603 23 дня назад

    finally you talked about Temnospondyls! (especially the trematosaurs; those are so cool and unique!)

  • @tissue462
    @tissue462 25 дней назад

    Oh awesome, I love convergence on crocodylian affinities, I also love convergent piscivory, as seen in the skull morphology of Unenlagiinelid and Spinosaurid theropods ❤❤

  • @johninnh4880
    @johninnh4880 26 дней назад +7

    This and "Clint's Reptiles" is a good example of convergence. I watch both.

    • @johngavin1175
      @johngavin1175 23 дня назад +1

      I watch Clint too. I like his knowledge and enthusiasm.

    • @johninnh4880
      @johninnh4880 22 дня назад

      @@johngavin1175 Clint is not only very smart but a hoot to watch.

  • @NamiTheNeko
    @NamiTheNeko 14 дней назад

    Yay! Amazon River Dolphins are 1 of my 4 favorite animals. I'm glad they were mentioned! X3

  • @tyranitararmaldo
    @tyranitararmaldo 26 дней назад +9

    8:41 That group seems a bit...sus...
    On a more serious note, another interesting one would be "Every time things have evolved into macro-theropods". The earlier mentioned Popsaurids and Planocraniids, and multiple species of Phorusrhacids for instance all seem to have ended up with this similar body-plan.

  • @sirduckoufthenorth
    @sirduckoufthenorth 25 дней назад

    Been waiting for the "croc niche" vid for a while, now it's here!

  • @overminding
    @overminding 25 дней назад +2

    Convergent evolution: if it works, it works, and things are gonna evolve to look like stuff that existed before

  • @DJ3mNot
    @DJ3mNot 25 дней назад

    I love these kinds of videos!!!!!🔥

  • @lolglolblol
    @lolglolblol 7 дней назад +1

    mustelification is pretty obscure

  • @mescalero_3309
    @mescalero_3309 25 дней назад +1

    Please do a "everytime things have evolved wings", including both gliding and actual powered flight.
    Or, if thats too much maybe a "everytime things evolved into flying squirrels" would be a good substitute

  • @spicemelange42
    @spicemelange42 24 дня назад

    Please do the Phylliroe, one of the most amazing examples of convergent evolution and there isn't a lot of info about it out there. Keep up the good work 👍

    • @loopbraider
      @loopbraider 22 дня назад

      Convergent with what? Do you mean all the various animals that have separately evolved to be transparent/ translucent?

  • @Zappygunshot
    @Zappygunshot День назад

    When it comes to skull morphology, you could argue that the gharial head shape has seen convergent evolution in the ichthyosauria, and at a stretch also swordfish, sawsharks and certain wading & diving birds like the kingfishers, cormorants and herons. The long, thin mouth simply lends itself very well to hunting fish.

  • @elsakristina2689
    @elsakristina2689 8 дней назад

    A herbivorous crocodilian is one of the most surreal things I’ve ever heard of. I wish they were still around tbh!

  • @JNJ1983
    @JNJ1983 19 дней назад

    Convergent Evolution is the OG of "If it ain't broke, don't fix it."

  • @leaf742
    @leaf742 25 дней назад +1

    Convergent evolution towards ground sloths: chalicotheres, gorillas, gigantopithecus, pandas, therizinosaurs, giant sloth lemur, more?

    • @acey457
      @acey457 14 дней назад

      don't forget sloth Man

  • @JohnTravis1965
    @JohnTravis1965 24 дня назад

    Would be interesting to get one on the evolution of all the highly varied, unrelated marsupials.

  • @davidvasquez08
    @davidvasquez08 14 дней назад

    17:00 Florida man: This will never stop me from getting into the water

  • @MisfortunateJustice
    @MisfortunateJustice 19 дней назад

    Very detailed exploration of the taxon. 🤙

  • @S-T-E-V-E
    @S-T-E-V-E 25 дней назад +1

    It blew my mind when I learned that animals we consider 'Living Fossil's' actually aren't the same animals we find in the Fossil record in terms of their DNA!

    • @attilatheone3406
      @attilatheone3406 16 дней назад +1

      I only wish that this is a revelation our field was better able to share! So many people don't understand this concept, and I think it really helps solidify exactly how evolution works. Thank you for sharing!

    • @S-T-E-V-E
      @S-T-E-V-E 16 дней назад

      @@attilatheone3406 The crazy thing about evolution is that natural selection, as it's taught in School, can't explain everything in the fossil record or indeed that's alive today, there is a definite purposefulness in the way DNA adapts creatures to their environment!

  • @JT_Soul
    @JT_Soul 26 дней назад +2

    Superficially, Ambulocetus's skull looks a bit like a giant shrew's.

  • @d.darling.honeyboy
    @d.darling.honeyboy 24 дня назад

    this video just made me remember probably my favorite reptile family; erythrosuchidae. They are just lovely croc-shaped reptiles with heads largely disproportionate to their body hhh. Really a delight to look at. I have such a hard time finding information on them and i would love to have them talked about in a video some day!

    • @loopbraider
      @loopbraider 22 дня назад +1

      Maybe they are too adorable-looking to qualify as croc-mimics!

  • @steveparadis562
    @steveparadis562 25 дней назад

    Not a word about one of the kings of convergent evolution, Smok Wawelski.

  • @organicdinosaur5259
    @organicdinosaur5259 25 дней назад

    I like how you included the 2016 paper on Ambulocetus. I remember some guy getting angry on your cetacean video about it 😂😂😂

  • @kennethgreene7139
    @kennethgreene7139 26 дней назад +1

    Wonderful job .

  • @rottingcorpse1990
    @rottingcorpse1990 25 дней назад +2

    What about Proterosuchidae? Can they also be considered convergent to crocodiles?

  • @ticktack6822
    @ticktack6822 15 дней назад

    I really enjoy the emphasis on your words. 😌

  • @scottbruner9266
    @scottbruner9266 25 дней назад

    Like the PBS Eons episode “Everything that evolved into crabs”
    Close enough, I hope 😂

  • @Zimisce85
    @Zimisce85 6 дней назад

    0:35 He is a robust, flat-snouted, semi-aquatic reptile of action!

  • @chir0pter
    @chir0pter 26 дней назад +3

    No mention of the remingtonocetids? They’re even more crocodilian than ambulocetus imo

    • @loopbraider
      @loopbraider 22 дня назад +1

      That's a good one! A mammalian 'croc'! The duck-billed platypus might even qualify although maybe it's a bit too cuddly-looking. But would add an egg-laying mammal into the croc-mimics.

  • @rocknrollmanic
    @rocknrollmanic 23 дня назад

    If you’re up for it, cartilage skeletons is another interesting convergent evolution case