Even MORE Islands That Aren't Islands
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- Опубликовано: 8 май 2024
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Today we take another look at isolated environments to learn how islands can arise even when surrounded by vast seas of desert!
Sources / Further Reading:
Sierra de la Laguna
www.oneearth.org/ecoregions/s...
en.unesco.org/biosphere/lac/s...
www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregi...
tosea.net/the-sierra-de-la-la...
www.jstor.org/stable/41424739
bashanfoundation.org/contribu...
www.researchgate.net/profile/...
www.researchgate.net/figure/C...
www.researchgate.net/figure/D...
amphibian-reptile-conservatio...[General_Section]_57-142_e326_high_res.pdf
lacgeo.com/sierra-laguna-bios...
www.oneearth.org/ecoregions/s...
McMurdo Valleys
agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.c...
link.springer.com/article/10....
www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/3/3/466
www.cambridge.org/core/journa...
www.researchgate.net/figure/D...
ictar.aq/dry-valleys-biology/
www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/10/506
mcm.lternet.edu/content/bioge...
pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a162...
zslpublications.onlinelibrary...
www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/12/450
www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/10/506
www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/3/606
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/a...
communities.springernature.co...
ir.canterbury.ac.nz/server/ap...
glaciers.pdx.edu/fountain/MyP...
journalofbiogeographynews.org...
ir.canterbury.ac.nz/server/ap...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/f...
asm2015.lternet.edu/content/t...
www.polartrec.com/expeditions...
www.sci.muni.cz/CPR/LP222012/...
www.sciencedirect.com/science....
www.researchgate.net/figure/B...
www.researchgate.net/figure/M...
link.springer.com/article/10....
www.zobodat.at/pdf/Ent-Mitt-Z...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
www.researchgate.net/figure/a...
www.researchgate.net/figure/T...
environments.aq/publications/...
SEE PINNED COMMENT FOR SOURCES BEHIND THE DHOFAR MOUNTAINS
Here are the sources and further reading for the Dhofar Mountains section of the video, they didn't all fit in the description:
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3730737/
arkbiodiv.com/2023/08/14/salalah-the-eden-of-unique-biodiversity/
www.britishomani.org//uploads/downloads/dhofar%20brochure%2009_02.pdf
lntreasures.com/oman.html
www.cnn.com/2022/01/19/middleeast/arabian-leopards-oman-conservation-spc-intl/index.html
www.kew.org/read-and-watch/islands-in-the-desert-oman
www.jstor.org/stable/2997660
agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2006WR005261
www.cnn.com/travel/gallery/salalah-khareef-oman-jungle-rainforest-desert-travel/index.html
portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/RL-53-001.pdf#page=20
landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/article/getting-to-know-the-dhofar-cloud-forest/
repfocus.dk/GEO/Oman.html
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jzs.12226
www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/3/322
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40333-016-0025-8
www.omanobserver.om/article/1123999/oman/environment/endemic-reptiles-of-oman-need-conservation
www.researchgate.net/figure/Type-series-of-Ptyodactylus-dhofarensis-sp-nov_fig4_263858320
www.lacerta.de/AF/Bibliografie/BIB_4508.pdf
www.researchgate.net/figure/Map-of-Oman-showing-localities-described-in-the-text-Number-1-marks-locality-of-L_fig1_272355843
reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Ptyodactylus&species=dhofarensis
eol.org/pages/795428
www.podarcis.de/AF/Bibliografie/BIB_6529.pdf
www.arabianwildlife.com/archive/vol3.1/snake.htm
www.researchgate.net/figure/Platyceps-thomasi-with-distinct-orange-vertebral-stripe_fig3_272355843
reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Tropiocolotes&species=confusus
www.researchgate.net/figure/Type-series-of-Ptyodactylus-dhofarensis-sp-nov_fig4_263858320
www.researchgate.net/figure/Map-of-the-Arabian-Sea-showing-the-coastal-upwelling-regions-off-Somalia-Arabia-and_fig1_350519578
phys.org/news/2023-11-evidence-arabian-leopards-extensive-saudi.html
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chamaeleo_arabicus_distribution.png
www.menasci.net/leopard.html
peerj.com/articles/1974/
www.researchgate.net/figure/A-map-of-the-central-South-Arabian-mountains-in-the-Dhofar-Governorate-of-Oman-and-the_fig1_339882317
I'm genuinely interested in getting a Nebula subscription, but lack the payment methods to actually pay for it.
Do you happen to know if Nebula will support WERO once that gets deployed across Europe, or other debit card systems down the line?
Fascinating! I'm a major geography nerd and although I've heard of Dhofar because I've seen it on maps, I had no idea it contained lush cloud forests!
INCREASE VIDEO! but the opportunity to talk about real oases is wasted a lot, there are several ponds in the middle of nowhere distributed throughout the world. I would like you to talk about "Cuatro-ciénegas" they are a series of ponds in the middle of the Mexican desert that provide with great biodiversity, 23 endemic species of plants and 54 of animals. This unique ecosystem is threatened by the overexploitation of its waters by agriculture in the area that has dried up and contaminated this habitat :'(
When you went to Antarctica I thought you would talk about Lake Vostok. You should make a video about Lake Vostok!
Do a video about the Yunnan Sinkhole in China. It is so large it has a pre-historic forest in it.
Common AtlasPro W. Never would have guessed Antarctica had its own species or so many of them. Keep up the great work 💪
when are you going to crossdress?
love your videos
Have you heard of... penguins? ;)
@@sizanogreen9900 TBF there are species of penguins on other continents
Oh hi Mini!
Another "Island" that might interest you would be Lake Hévíz in Hungary.
It is a Thermal Lake that runs off in a warm stream, therefore creating an "Island" of unique plants and animals that
live in the year round warm waters. I'm pretty sure other thermal streams and lakes around the world create similar "Islands".
That's an interesting example I haven't come across before! I'll look into it!
I'm moving to Hungary in a few years. I'll have to check it out. Thanks for the info.
@@AtlasPro1I hope that it earns itself a video. 😊❤😊
instaclikd' micro climates r interesting
@@AtlasPro1 I also remember that in some thermal springs in the balkans a subspecies of the egyptian lotus flower survived the climate cooling off at the end of the Pliocene and the ice ages after that (it is otherwise a tropical species, so that is totally wild). Also in some thermal spring there (maybe the same one) there is an endemic species of fish adapted to the hot water.
i don't know if you consider that as an oasis but in the south of greenland in a valley there is a remainder of what used to be greenlandic forests. We found this forest in the Qinngua Valley if you want to look at it
He talked about it in a vídeo about raindforests
Oh wow, oasis in Antartica is quite unexpected
Yeah. This is the kind of stuff why I love this channel.
I yelled when I saw the southern end of Saudi Arabia. I thought it was desert from tip to tip.
@@Evilbunk15 of Arabia, Saudi Arabia doesnt go that far, the Dhofar cloud forest is in Oman ! c:
@@asdfasdf-dd9lk Oman is best. I watched a video on Oman too. Cool place.
@@Evilbunk15 agreed, salalah is definitely pretty nice during kharif season
Thanks Sadiq for inspiring this video!
gotta give credit where credit's due!
@@AtlasPro1 🗿
📍 Submarine groundwater discharges are understudied. There are a few underwater oasis of freshwater that have endemic brackish species.
I would love to see an atlas pro video on these!
If you need more isolates to explore, you should look into ecosystem on the abyssal plane, like Foodfalls, Brine Pools, and Hydrothermal vents!
Hydrothermal Vents can also be rather temporary, and Foodfalls very temporary. Animals will adapt to the strategy *in general* with a focus on resource management and offspring dispersal, but none of the habitats last long enough for organisms to adapt to a specific event
@@scotttaylor7146 I had read previously that some species have evolved to lived exclusively along those environments, but I’m certainly no biologists so I could be mistaken
@@Vritzien You're right that there are species exclusive to those environments, but that's like saying there are species exclusive to deserts. They're not isolated from one another
11:17 you are literally the master of after effects. Geolayers Pro
This was my first time ever using geolayers, thought I’d challenge myself 😅
I got really impressed with this one and had to go back a bit because I lost my focus
HEeeeyeye!! I didn't know that you were a fellow connoisseur of AtlasPro?! When are we getting a video about how cultures evolve on islands due to biogeographic differences from the mainland?
"Upside-down Antarctica can't hurt you"
Upside-down Antarctica: 10:15
Umm actually north isn’t up and south isn’t down 🤓🤓🤓
@@kwokhardy2512 that always messes with me a little so I choose not to think about it much, the fact that there basically isn't an up or down past what we experience directly. It's an interesting thought that may or may not provide a little existential crisis in my life 😂
@@goosenotmaverick1156 there's maps you can buy that are oriented differently than north, they're pretty cool because it gives you a different perspective of the world
Now it looks like China with Indochina + Cone of South America smushed together.
Looks like we found a RL Roronora Zoro.
📍 Devils Hole Pupfish (Cyprinodon diabolis). This species is endemic to Devils Hole, a geothermal water-filled cavern located in Death Valley National Park. The Devils Hole Pupfish is considered one of the rarest fish species in the world due to its extremely limited habitat and population size.
There are several other pupfish species at the other oases jn the area, true island divergence
Yes! I was hoping someone mentioned the desert pupfish.
The Sierra de Laguna could be influenced by being an actual island a long time ago. Differences would be sustained by it's continued isolation, but could it be that species are instead becoming closer to other populations, as mixing is more likely?
You're right, as recently as the miocene the Sierra de la Laguna was an island and only reconnected with the mainland recently. I originally had something about this in the script but cut it out
@@AtlasPro1 This is why the rest of the peninsula looks like Mars.
In my home country Mozambique, there is a bird called Black-headed Apalis, the species can be found in some specific areas throughout the country, in lowland and riverine forests. The interesting fact is that a subspecies of the bird (as of now it has not been published yet) lies in a small forestry area close to the ocean in Inharrime ( specifically the forest occupied by the lodge Dunes de Dovela). It differs from the original species, in color, while the normal has pinkish legs and white eyes, this one has red legs and red eyes. I was lucky to have been able to spot it a few times during my time there. The forest there is full of birds ! It would be interesting to understand what makes that small location a haven for life to thrive in!
Three Australian examples I can think of:
1. The Antartic Beech or Nothofagus Moorei - a Gondwanic reminant that clings to the highest peaks of the Lamington Platau, Lamington National Park and Mount Barney National Park, where the climate is still cool and moist enough for them to survive, as the Australian contenent slowly drifts further north.
2. The King's Fern, with fronds 2-3 m long, that grows in the cool damp conditions in Ward's Canyan - A side canyan of Carnarvon George, Carnarvon George National Park, in semi arid centeral Queensland.
3. The Wollemi Pine, a recently discovered living dinosaur! Found in a remote canyan in Wollemi National Park, NW on Sydney. This tree was previously only known of from its fossels.
The first two are really northern isolates of types common in southern Australia. Beech trees, albeit different species, are quite common in parts of Victoria and Tasmania as are various types of very large ferns. If you want interesting Australian flora look to the cool south, not the warm north.
Ideas like this, new kinds of islands, bring about questions. Where I live, my home, is within a deep rain shadow and creates a near desert where I live. Where on the other side of the mountains is a rain forest.
Literally where I live endemic life likely exists but it's normal for me.
Makes my small world seem bigger is my point. (Thank you for opening my mind.)
All the more reason to get outside and start exploring!
Same for me, but I bet you weren’t talking about Washington state
I love a good video from Island Pro
I got here five minutes too late to make this joke
*isolate* pro
@@xyzxyzxyzxyzxyzxyz Isolate Pro might be about cannabinoid extraction
Insulate Pro?
This channel has such a good niche topic. It’s always very well researched, scripted, and edited. Excited for what’s next
0:48
Hey, I'm in the video! Hi mom!
Lol congrats
Lol what's the proof ?
You can also be a bot mimicking the name and copying the photo
@@Krankenwagen571
There are plenty of other ways you can easily confirm by yourself.
Why would anyone with a life do that?
@@Krankenwagen571☠️
@@Krankenwagen571 Their channel exists since 2015 and hasn't been renamed recently.
And so my favorite biology/geology saga continues. Also Sadiq, love the isolates idea.
Greetings From Mexico , in Ensenada Baja California,
You should do a video on Florida and the Bahamas, ancient coral reefs and sand dunes that rose from the ocean. Also how it meets the nootropics while being separated from South America, resulting in organisms from temperate regions becoming more tropical. But they are isolated from up north because it’s too cold so animals and plants become different species. Take the Florida bobcat for example or the many neotropical and temperate butterflies . You’ll have alligators and bears living along side each other.Just something I found a little interesting
may be the islands were the friends we made along the way
Bro's here too. 😅
Rodney!
But "no man is an island" as they say...
Vernal pools also act as isolates.
Or at least similarly to them.
It's a temporary pond that comes primarily from snow melt and early rains.
What makes them stand out from permanent ponds and lakes is the fact that they consistently dry up every year. Because of this fish can't utilize them which allows different animals to thrive.
Other than fairy shrimp and similarly small insects there's not all that much in terms of unique species but it DOES change the priorities of the area. The ability to utilize both land and water is promoted and so amphibians can actually reign supreme here free from the threats of fish on both them and their eggs.
For any forest or grassland they're in they're usually a place where life is especially abundant.
Basically it's an oasis in a wetter climate.
Rhode Island isn’t really an island.
Lol indeed
Rhode Island was an island tho, before it was named Banks Island, which is still an island. And the name was changed because people like you confused Rhode Island (the Island) with Plantation (the US State that includes Rhode/Banks Island)
I'd argue Rhode Islanders are a distinct endemic subspecies.
Peter
📍 Glacial Driftless Area of Wisconsin/Iowa include the endemic, endangered species. The glacier went around this area, thus preserving ancient species.
Pleistocene relic terrestrial snails like Discus macclintocki, aquatic species such as the Ozark Rocksnail (Leptoxis compacta), Karner Blue Butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis), a leafhopper species (Flexamia tarda). Also certain grasses and trees.
Mannnn, you need to upload videos more often - this satisfies the inner geography nerd within me more than any other channel on YT, you actually do some solid research and probe such interesting topics of special interest compared to everyone else. Great work as always
Rest of us when we hear oasis - micro sanctuary filled with palm trees and a lake in the middle of the Sahara.
Atlas pro - tip of Baha California a cliff side in Arabia and an isolated coastal valley of Antarctica.
This is why we love this channel.
Next time maybe you can pin point a collection of actual classical interpretations of an oasis scattered across deserts. I’d love to see that one.
The tallest mountains on the Baja Peninsula aren't in Sierra Laguna. They aren't even the highest in Baja California Sur state, which comprises the southern half of the peninsula. The tallest mountains are found in Sierra San Pedro Mártir, located in Baja California state, the northern half of the peninsula.
It's surprising that the Namib and Atacama deserts don't have any species specific oases since I've read they're the oldest hot deserts.
Also I've read (again!) in Mexico there are isolated desert ponds that have and had their own species of fish, like pupfish, some of which are extinct since they were limited to only one pond.
Yep, the Cuatro Cienegas Basin is a biodiversity hotspot
This man is insanely passionate about geography and I love it. He's making the kind of stuff that I would have gone mad for as a teenager. I used to spend hours looking through atlases and would wonder about all the little details I was seeing. Then I would do the same when I got my first internet connection - spending ages on a website showing aerial and satellite photographs of the world, called TerraServer, before Google Maps existed. To see a regular person making high-quality videos about all these places, with facts and footage included, is just beyond cool! Thank you for all your great work. Please keep it up - it's a breath of fresh air!
isthmus video when
Loved this video!! Thank you so much for your research and writing!!
The pure joy and excitement I get seeing a new Atlas Pro video, especially my favorite series!!
I love your videos :) Always very informative and good visuals. Id be interested in seeing a video on cape horn and the cape floristic region because of the incredible biodiversity and rate of endemic species, I learned a little about it recently and im fascinated!! beautiful place
Technically, South Korea is an island in a geopolitical stance.
Funnily enough, this statement is legit for North Korea too
@@danonimusgombelinius7254nah NK trades extensively with China and Russia.
And when has geopolitics decided what are islands and fixed bodies of land?? Neverrrr. Jesus some ppl 🤦. With your "technically" I guess technically your brain may be pea size
@@raymondqiu8202how do you get so mad so easily 😂 no one said geopolitics decide anything, he just pointed something out
okay?
This was really fascinating. Great video!
Thanks for the awesome video and all the amazing content you provide!!
Sierra de San Pedro Mártir range's highest peak is Picacho del Diablo at 3,096 m (10,157 ft) in elevation. It is the highest point in Baja California state and of the entire Baja California Peninsula. The "Sierra de la Laguna High Point", at 2,090 metres (6,857 ft) in elevation, is the highest point of the range and in Baja California Sur state, but not the highest is the peninsula.
Hey Atlas, I just want to say thank you for inspiring my High School Capstone project topic last year, this series about the island rule made me do a (with hindsight, extremely basic) research project on how the island rule would effect potential interplanetary colonization. I’m still super interested in the topic, so thank you so much for keeping up the good work!
I compliment you on only capitalizing one word in your title and not changing it after an algorithmically efficient interval of time.
Baja California peninsula has interesting geography. I love how you mentioned it
Baja California Mentioned!!!! 📢📢🔊🔊🔊
The video by Atlas Pro is excellent, shedding light on these unique aspects of nature admirably. During my research, I discovered fascinating plants that bloom only once in many years, such as Strobilanthes kunthiana and Strobilanthes callosa. I suggest considering these plants for discussion in your future videos.
I’ve been watching your content since when you only had about 15,000 subs and this might be my favorite video you’ve done. Excellent topic, graphics and narration.
You have really upped the graphics game! So nice. Love your videos!
Well done. What a good piece of work!
Good job atlas pro! great vid
Nice to have you back.
Dope video as always
Fascinating. Keep it up.
Another awesome vid! thank you!
Very interesting, original research ❤
Whow, just another great episode answering so many questions I didn't know I had 👍😅! And I enjoy going onto Google Earth and explore some of these areas remotely. THX !!
Love these videos! One cool isolate that I know of is the sediment islands in the Congo River Basin, where there are all kinds of creatures that have evolved to the less nutrient-dense water, like the eel catfish, which can actually walk on land. The documentary I watched even described it as a "giant lab for evolution", totally reminded me of your channel!
I love how this channel has evolved over the past years. I am a subscriber since before the face reveal and always enjoyed much your content. It's definitely on my top 3 youtube channels, together with SerpaDesign. I think I have a thing for nature :)
You really do an excellent job, if I wasn't already subscribed, I would subscribe now.
Subscribe early and often!
Fifla Island near Malta is also interesting since it houses a green lizard with red dots called Podarcis filfolensis. Also it looks like a text book Isolate.
Time to launch the alternative terms isolate dwarfism and isolate gigantism.
rolls right off the tongue!
I visited a place in the Mojave desert recently called Suprise Canyon, all around it was desert but because of the Panamint range which gets snowpack only this Canyon gets trees and other the thriving life, it was pretty awesome to see
Thank you!!
I was totally unaware of the Onyx River. I've known about the dry valleys as "sites" for atypical geology and geography due to the meteorology. This series of isolates (great word) is brilliant!
Fascinating.
I love so much your videos, thanks a lot for this. It takes me back to my childhood watching NatGeo
Gotta give props to how much better the map animations and the editing have gotten 👏👏👏
Atlas Pro this was another fascinating video thank you. Ecology is so cool!
im so glad milo brought me to this channel ❤
Thanks for the view of the Dhofar mountains this was new to me and I was born a little north of Rub al-Khali.
That bit about the leopard was interesting because it wasn't the desert isolating them, it was humans. Chernobyl is probably a good example of a man made invisible isolate.
I love the content. I'm nuts about living soil and would love to see your thoughts on some of the new research into it. I feel we could take this to an even hyper regional feel when talking about biology like mites or nematodes. Something very local like an isolated water basin
Awesome video!
The image you used for the Antarctic spring-tails is a silverfish. Different family. Springtails are soft-bodied. Silverfish have exoskeletons. Also, and this is key: silverfish are true insects, but spring-tails are not.
Most people won't notice, but it jumped out at me being someone obsessed with insects.
When you started about oasis, I expected some attention for the desert crocodile....but as so often, you managed to come up with some unexpected material. 👌
Another really interesting video! This made me think of a place near where i live in Florida called the lake wales ridge. From what i remember, several million years ago when sea levels were higher, all of Florida except for this ridge was underwater. There's lots of endemic plants and i believe the red widow spider is endemic to the lake wales ridge as well. Im sure there are other examples of places around the world that were once islands during periods of high sea levels hosting unique plants and animals. Could be a cool idea to include in a future video.
Great video
Great video.
I love a lot of things about this video including the structure and nuance. But I think the Baja example more directly falls under Mountain than oasis. Still fascinating
New Mexico and Arizona sky island have lots of endemic species. Patches of high, wet mountains create unique habitats for different flora and fauna to thrive.
In the section about the south pole, you show a clip of Landmannalaugar Iceland (13:16) :P It caught me by surprise. Good video though. Keep it up!
Great Basin National Park is a beautiful and unique place that you should definitely look into. There is lots of diverse wildlife and it is said to have it's own weather patterns separate from the surrounding area, not to mention it can snow in the mountains even during summer which is rare for the US Southwest. The parks brochure even refers to the Snake mountain range as an "island".
What about the speciation of pupfishes across the oases of the american southwest e.g. Devil's Hole Pupfish?
Also you missed an endemic bird: Baird's Junco (Junco bairdii).There is also the subspecies San Lucas Robin (Turdus migratorius confinis)
Great video!!! Always so intriguing to watch!!
Baja California mentioned! Instant like
While not quite in a desert currently, cypress hills in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan could also be considered an oasis. Currently it is surrounded by semi-arid grasslands and badlands, but in the past it was very much an oasis in a glacial desert. I imagine that it has been around long enough to harbour it's own adaptations.
Oh thank god, i was so depressed today. I needed this
Would it be possible for you to start a miniseries on extremiphiles? Maybe one video on hot spring life such as sulfur vent underwater, one on deep sea life, high-altitude plants, etc.
Thank you.
As a neurodivergent person with geography/maps as one of my fixations/special interests, you are an absolute savior ❤❤ I love your content so much, keep it up!
Me too. His videos are one of the autistic highlights of the month. So much background research, so many interesting ideas put forward, often unique and groundbreaking. So perfectly explained.
@@xyzxyzxyzxyzxyzxyzagreed
I, too, am neurodivergent and geography/maps have literally always been my biggest special interest/fixation. Atlas Pro makes the kinds of videos I would make if I knew how to edit and such
Me too!! I love his editing style and his way of presenting information.
What I love in his videos is a very unique talent to show those hidden, mind-bending relations which explain the magic of diversity in nature ❤
I need more!
Visited Dhofar in August 2023 and definitely saw the island of green you were talking about. It's absolutely beautiful and already a big tourist destination for the Middle East
He's Back!
Im glad that he’s moving away from boring atlas videos and the videos that I love
Just out of curiosity, have you ever done a video on lake Corcoran in California? Seems like a topic that might be up your alley and I’d definitely watch it
Love your video, I also thought of another location that you might want to add but I don't know if there are any endemic species. The far north of Colombia and Venezuela is a desert which a peninsula that is surrounded by Rainforest on the only side where there's land. So maybe you want to check that out and also the forest in Greenland.
You should do a series on rivalries between different animals, some broad ideas would be like “current evolutionary arms races” or “the oldest rivalries in nature”. It doesn’t just have to be animals outcompeting, it could be plants and animals, or plants and plants or even fungi vs whatever. I think you do such a good job with nature related anything, it is also extremely broad and I think it fits your channel extremely well. (I also lack the drive and know how on making videos so I will never do so)
Would love to see some stuff on the go i desert if you’re open to recommendations seriously awesome video!
Isolates! Perfect! Absolutely perfect!
The Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary in Northern Canada is an Arctic Oasis twice the size of Belgium. Very unique.
Next up you should look into recursive isolates; such as valleys nested in mountains on the island of New Guinea (triply recursive isolates with essentially 0 information), or islands off the coast of peninsulas such as the Juan Fernandez islands off of Chile (doubly recursive), etc. Its interesting how deep you can dig into this rabbithole!
When you went to Antarctica I thought you would talk about Lake Vostok. You should make a video about Lake Vostok!
hi i like this video, may i ask what happened to astro pro? i loved those videos, hope you can still make them eventually
Please make more Space Videos!
I like how your entire channel runs around the niche of biogeographical islands