SUPERCHARGER HISTORY - Boost School #5
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- Опубликовано: 4 июл 2024
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What is up engine heads, welcome to another episode of boost school. The forced induction A while ago we made a boost school episode covering the history of the turbo! But as you know turbos aren’t the only way of force feeding extra air into your engine. But today we’ll be giving the historical treatment to the king of whine - the Supercharger!
The beginnings of the supercharger date all the way back to 1860, when brothers Philander and Francis Marion Roots patented the "rotary air blower".
In 1878, just two years after the world saw the first functional four stroke engine, Scottish engineer Dugald Clerk unveiled the very first working two stroke engine, and it had a “supercharger”. Some credit Gottlieb Daimler as being the first to install a and experiment with a roots type air blower on a four stroke engine in 1900. But Gottlieb's eldest son, Paul Daimler was instrumental in creating the first series production supercharged cars. They were unveiled at the 1921 Berlin Automobile Exhibition as the Mercedes 6/20 hp and the Mercedes 10/35 hp.
At this time all other supercharged cars were racing cars: Fiat 805-405, Miller 122, Alfa Romeo P2, Sunbeam, Delage 2LCV, and the 1926 Bugatti Type 35C.
The idea for a screw type compressor or “supercharger” comes from one Heinrich Krigar. He realized that new blast furnace designs needed more air so he improved the original roots design. 50 years later, a Swedish steam turbine manufacturer called Ljungstroms Angturbin AB appointed a new Chief Engineer, Alf Lysholm. Lysholm developed the profile of the screw compressor and tested various configurations and rotor lobe combinations. He also patented the method for machining the rotors in 1935.
Credit for the centrifugal supercharger goes to Louis Renault. As in 1902 he applied for a patent which consisted of a centrifugal fan placed in front of the intake manifold of the engine with the goal of increasing the induction pressure of the gas charge. A few years later, Lee Chadwick in America put this idea into practice and further refined the centrifugal supercharger design by creating a three stage centrifugal supercharger. The supercharger was installed on racing cars manufactured by his company Chadwick Engineering Works. Chadwick cars were the first supercharged racing cars in America and some of the first cars in the world to go over 100 mph. In 1908 a supercharged Chadwick, the “Great Chadwick 6-cylinder” won the Great Despair Hillclimb, and in the same year Chadwicks competed in the Vanderbilt Cup and the American Great Prize.
By the mid 30s the benefits of superchargers were more than obvious and everyone wanted the extra power provided by them. A man by the name Robert Paxton McCulloch decided to capitalize on this and so he started McCulloch Engineering Company and began manufacturing superchargers as the first large American commercial supercharger manufacturer.
Then came World War II in 1939 and superchargers made a name for themselves. Perhaps the most iconic airplane from this time is the Iconic Spitfire with it’s equally iconic supercharged Rolls Royce Merlin engine. It was to ww2 aircraft what the blower Bentley was to cars.
After the war, supercharged cars dominated the newly established Formula 1. Perhaps the most memorable and most successful car from the early days of Formula 1 was the Alfa Romeo 158/159. It featured a 1.5 liter straight 8 supercharged engine.
In the field of mass produced cars the addition of a supercharger spawned some truly breath taking machines. From the small and nimble to the large and luxurious.
The supercharger has been a staple of top tier beasts in the American market for as long as anyone can remember and it’s the magical ingredient in the hellish formula the Dodge Demon. A quarter mile destroyer, equipped with a 2.7 liter supercharger which makes the demon the hardest launching production car and the only production car ever capable of performing a wheelie.
Although in terms of sheer quantity supercharger are, due their lower efficiency, loosing the battle to turbos. But superchargers definitely still have their place and enjoy the favor of companies like Jaguar, Volvo or Range rover which add them to their engines to spice up their flagship models
What about the future? Well in 2017 Audi gave us a bit of a preview when they strappad the world’s first production electric supercharger to their V8 turbo diesel engine in their SQ7 TDI.
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What about Comprex and Brown BOVERI?
Horsepower sells car,
Torque wins races.
Horsepower allways wins. No mather what.
@@nagyandras8857
That's right, horsepower is the final say in the matter, torque is a component of horsepower and simply a part of the math involved in measuring horsepower.
What people don't get is that there's no time constraint on measuring torque, you can take as long as you want to make 80 ft lbs of torque, but horsepower is a measurement of how much time it took you to make that amount of torque, the higher the horsepower the faster you produced the 80 ft lbs of torque.
80 ft lbs of torque at 1,000 RPM's is going to lose against 60 ft lbs of torque at 5,000 RPM's every day of the week and twice on Sunday.
80 ft lbs@1000 RPM's=15.23 HP.
60 ft lbs@5000 RPM's=57.12 HP.
He who crosses the finish line in the least amount of time wins therefore horsepower is the final say in the matter.
Man, if I still had my 1991 Talon TSI AWD 5-Speed, the BEST of the DSM Turbo Trio Coupes - with her SEXY Flat wing and the BEST looking body kit and style by a HUGE margin - which was VERY hooked up, Big 16G Turbo, boost controller that I set to 21-24 PSI when using 93+ Octane, and 18.5 for standard gas - full 3" Exhaust from the manifold back - my tuner/mechanic gave me a HOLLOW Cat! And cause she was a 91, she did not ever have to pass CARB/SMOG testing - of course bigger front mounted intercooler, 750cc injectors - top end rebuild with 1mm oversized valves titanium valves and springs, and cams with a SLIGTLY aggressive profile - halfway between stock and straight track cams, Anyway - when working properly she HAD to be putting damned near ~320+ to the wheels!
BUT I REALLY wish I had a Standalone ECU! MY Mechanic was able to flash my ECU as he had 5+ of the DSM trio Turbo Coupes, that he had hooked up himself. And apparently there WERE good ECU Tunes available for my setup, that took into account the higher CFM Turbo with higher boost, more aggressive cams and just higher flow everything. But the Throttle response and peak power would have been FAR Higher with a well Tuned AEM (Back in the day, I was looking at a brand called Apexi that most DSM tuners used at the time)
Like the low end throttle response was a bit underwhelming, but as soon as I floored it, well I was able to ALMOST bottom out the rear shocks whilst chirping the front wheels a lot with a hard launch! I wish I could find the picture a friend took when I did a hard launch - you could see the rear was all but bottomed, and the front tires had a small gap under them with the shocks extended fully! The Big 16G STILL TODAY - remains the BEST STREETABLE TURBO FOR DSM CARS! Not even Garret has a better solution for EVO or Talon that is not massive and takes forever to spin up! People USED to think the Mitsubishi 18G or "Frankenstein" 19c were better for street use - but WRONG! The 19c would spool a bit faster, but it was HEAVILY limited in max RPM and therefore CFM -cause Turbo's are DEFINED by the CFM they can flow mostly - because almost ANY Turbo can DO ~50 PSI of boost - depending on engine size to an extent, but they will be limited in how much raw AIR they can flow!
Anyway the Big 16G has more flow than ANYTHING you can put on a 4G63T - that is below the 20G Turbo or some of the larger Garretts you could fit to the motor, and 20G and above are NOT good for street use, unless you plan to use NOS to spool your turbo to win highway duels and nigthtime drag races.
I blew away countless BMW M3, a Supra, 300ZX, EVERY Honda I ran against as well as all - Camaros, Mustangs, a Ford Raptor, and more on the highway when they were TRYING to pass me!
God damn I miss that car... I wish I didn't go broke and was able to afford the then ~$6000 rebuild it needed when I blew the head gasket as well as cracked a cooling jacket IIRC - it was pretty major to fix, after I had already dumped ~$15,000 into the car as a then 20 year old.
I had to sell her... But god I miss that car, I do NOT miss the bills from having to replace, literally everything - but I REALLY miss how insanely fast she was, and how SEXY TALON TSI LOOKED! That FLAT Wing and the body kit + the weight savings (~200+ lbs lighter than Eclipse as there was basically no sound deadening) - made her the BEST of the DSM Trio Turbo Coupes!
Never forget your Roots.
Underated comment
And boots
hmmmmmmmmm🙀😺
@@ritzevespa Puss & boost
@@JesusSaves86AB I knew that was coming 😂😂
Funny stuff: racing a car "with the structural integrity of a coffee pot and the suspension of a stool."
Oft proceeded by the mystical phrase "Hey Bruh.. here, hold my beer and watch this.."
... and unobtanium testicles...
That's funny. As he was saying that I read this.
Don't forget the engine of a clock.
And that was not special, in 1936 Auto Union type C got 6.0 V16, 1 or 2 stage supercharging (roots) up to 520HP, 850Nm and 824kg on wheels made from ...... rubber I guess with no safety at all.... Compared to that, modern racing drivers are not in danger at all....
OG racers could have gone quite a bit faster, only issue was weight from their balls slowing down the car.
rofl
Handlebar moustaches and mahogany pipes being smoked added drag and excess weight. And running over spectators every few minutes limited speeds too.
Tungsten is indeed quite heavy.
... or the weight of those HONDA BOYS 'GO FAST' STICKERS.
Balls of tungsten
Alternative title: An in depth analysis of the Screamy Screw
Ive come to find you're one of the few that actually does the whole historical overview and actually explains in detail how these things work without putting me to sleep ive really come to appreciate that
and yet he missed the WWI examples of Super chargers that were used.
@@davidmiller9485 didn’t they use them for planes?
@@davidmiller9485 ⁹99999999999999999999⁹
It’s still mindblowing to me that two gigantic rotating lobes can move air faster than a fan.
Its an issue of pressure, the standard fan loses efficiency very quickly as backpressure increases which can result in the blades stalling and making lots of noise but no volume. Great for high volume, low pressure sprayers as used in horticultural sprayers.
It blows more than minds.
It depends on who the fan is. LOL
I was an IT guy when I worked for Eaton Corporation at their Proving Ground in Marshall, Michigan for their Supercharger Division. I visited their manufacturing plant in Athens, GA many times, working on the computers on the test stands - they tested 100% of units. I loved my Pontiac Grand Prix with an Eaton Supercharger M90.
the eaton supercharger was a ineffeicient blower our product the sprintex compressor was far better but we couldnt make them as cheaply as eaton or the numbers that major manufactures wanted so i the financial crash of 89/90 we were forced to close , the sprintex compressor was far supirior to the roots eaton ,fast forward a few years and our place was taken by opcon a far easier to manufacture than the sprintex , but with the same efficiently
Fantastic video!
An excellent, historical whine tasting event.
I also really liked how you interspersed the AEM ads into it - it kept the flow of the video very smooth.
Thank you for all of your work, it's greatly appreciated!
Another grand slam from D4A! Tons of information, all clearly and humorously explained. Best automotive engineering, history & technology channel on RUclips!
You're too kind. Thank you so much
@@d4a Great video, however, I'm pretty sure super-chargers were used in airplanes before WWII.
I've seen Roots Blowers so big in industry, i did climb inside to take clearances between the two rotos. Real beasts
My first intro to superchargers was Mad Max. As I kid I thought it was the greatest thing ever. As an adult, I concur
Mad Max fooled many a car nut with his push button supercharger
The MR2 had a (centrifical, if I remember right) clutched supercharger, so it had kind of the same idea.
@@danmartinez9497 Actually it follows the Mercedes system and its very sensible. Mercedes and Bentley raced, and the Merc had a kickdown switch for the supercharger - get off the corner, dump the throttle and the supercharger kicks in. Bentley 8 litre S - the supercharger was always on. All the Bentley cars ate pistons and all the Mercs finished.
Has to be one of my favorite channels. I am a highly certified automotive technician and not only can I verify that this information is correct, I also learn something with every video. Great stuff on this channel 👍
As always, Another Excellent video that blows my mind, and boosts my understanding of Automotive history and technology. This video is not lagging in information.
Not bad, lol.
Applause 👏🏾
all I hear is whining. 😉
it lacks info about VW G-charger
Alright, that's enough
Don't forget that the Detroit Diesel's 2 stroke diesels had roots type superchargers too. They were produced from the late 30's all the way to mid 80's. I love your videos!! Keep 'em coming. 👍
He is in EU, here the Detroit Diesel are basically unknown stuff :)
@@jzxtrd337 yes sir!! Sure do miss hearing them. 😞
The Detroit 6-71 was produced from 1938 to 2004. One of the longest production Diesels ever.
The old time truck drivers will tell you that the secret to getting one of those 2 stroke Detroit diesels to run good is to slam your hand in the door when you get in the truck.
On the Detroit Diesel, it's known as a EXHAUST SCAVENGE DEVICE, the unit had nothing to do with a positive pressurizing of the intake charge.
I have to take a moment to share my appreciation for this channel.
The information delivered is seamless. The only channel where I actually enjoy the ads. The way he incorporates them into the narration w/o stopping the video is FN genius.👊🏻🙏🏻
Supercharging my little datsun L16 is starting to sound like a brilliant idea.
Having lived in Connersville Indiana and making a living working on two stroke locomotive Diesel engines this is a great video. I am currently working on two stroke turbo supercharged locomotives with a couple of Roots blown thrown in. Talking to people about my work, they are often surprised by the fact of blown two stroke diesels. EMD locomotives. Great job.
EMD's are legend.
I love how he describes how bad ass analogue racing cars were. Thanks man, you are a great teacher for good ass like me.
The steel testicle thing was hilarous!
The supercharger: The lag-free alternative to the turbo... Sounds good to me!!!
A lower power alternative to a turbo
Or..the turbocharger, the parasitic-loss-free alternative to the supercharger 😆
It's actually a turbo supercharger
@@tracewithaview6731 Turbo is lower loss than a supercharger. Nothing in physics is free.
Very nice video, a good thing that AEM is sponsoring you again. How about a video on head gaskets?
This series is the best!
Proud to know that my Grandfather flew Spitfires during WW2, as an RAAF pilot for the RAF. Served in both Europe and for a short while in the Pacific. Which makes me incredibly lucky to have ever existed, considering that the average lifespan of fighter pilots during WW2, could be measured in weeks.
My grandad ground crew on spits and the five alarm dumpster fire formerly known as the Hawker Typhoon.
@@rosiehawtrey Much respect to your Grandad!
Before turbo became a mainstream word around the 80s, they used to be called turbine driven superchargers or turbosuperchargers. They weren’t considered so different as we think of them today. They would have called anything that created boost a supercharger but today everyone calls the electric ones, electric turbos but they should be electric superchargers.
I was diagnosed with badassery, it is starting to disappear with age. Loved the picture of the 35C right color too.
F A N G I O. I'm a simple man, I see a fellow argentinean, I upvote (?
just in time. i've been looking for information on superchargers so i can learn more about my supercharged beast vivio rxr.
Booost schoool heck yeah love this dude
When you put things into perspective and give us context it all makes so much sense and your words gain in meaning and significance. Excellent video!
Addictive insanity when you put your foot down. Best line I’ve heard in a long time
Once again. Fascinating stuff. Really glad we chanced across this channel. These could be shown at schools as they take it from the basics and history, through to current applications.
Keep up the great work 👍👍
I love these videos. Thank you for taking time making these 😊
Well researched, presented, and look at that primo ad placement. =)
I went to School also , Yet Conquering Pike's Peak in 97 was a lesson in Itself 2nd in Exhibition Unlimited SUPER QUAD. There's a History Lesson about Super Charging at the Summit. Now that 156 turns made the Climb well Worth it to Read , Look and Say , DARN a Blower, would have done IT.🇺🇸 Thanks Paul Dallenbach for helping Us! We will Return!🇺🇸🏁 Jimmy
I miss my L67 with the M90. So basic yet so much fun.
Agree, only wish they woulda used a more capable supercharger than the M90 though. It was so underpowered and small, it only added around 35hp and 50tq which is abysmal. A decent twin screw or even a proper roots can easily double the engines power but they chose the crappy M90
What a great channel! Definitely in the top five of all RUclips automotive channels for me. Thank you and keep up the great work!
Another well produced video. Always a great watch. Thanks!
I thoroughly enjoy your videos! The time you spend researching and making these videos for us to enjoy and learn is greatly appreciated! Thank you!
The Supercharger has an advantage over turbos in that it provides much better torque in the low end and still works at lower RPMs. The boost is always there because the supercharger is always working. No need to spool it up. This lead to some interesting twin-charger designs which switch between a super and a turbo on the fly.
Excellent video and bonus cred for the half-decent pronounciation of Ljungström Ångturbin and Svenska Rotor Maskiner :3 (I’m a swede myself)
Thanks for your precious work!!!
Always a learning joy to watch your vids
Excellent video & very informative as usual. I look forward to the next one.
Cheers😊
Love this channel, listen while at work.
"Here's all the these explained". Excellent work, sir.
Met a man that had a twin supercharged, quad turbocharged on a hemi 653, before computer management was a thing. Housed in a Ford 1932 bread truck. It was beautiful & legally driving around the streets with 1500kw.
Keep up the great informative work, really like the effort and production you put into these videos!
15:20 - probably iconel. That way the black oxide layer can keep them intact at the boost pressures their egos demanded to go that fast.
And you forgot to mention that the Screw type has a built in compression ratio, up to 8 to 1.
It is not just an air mover.
It is a compressor.
Great vid. I was blown away watching it.
Love the educative level of these videos 👍👍👍 3 thumbs up!
i really love the way you proniciate "combustion"!
I love your videos.
I've learned so much.
Thank you & please keep it up.
Another well composed, educational video. Thank-you.
Love your videos. Thanks for doing them.
Well done, D4A! Thank you!
Thats a very calm way of talking! Thank you very for not raping my hears like every other youtubers...
I thank you for the video and was surprised to learn that superchargers weren't intially built for internal combustion engines. I own and drive a car that I supercharged and I love the response and sound. 😁
Great episode sir!!! Learning all about boost!!!
YESSS BOOST SCHOOL
The exhaust air pump from a slant six Chrysler engine was used as a supercharger on a Canadian Renault Le Car, which could not pass any of the EPA dyno tests. After adding that small pump it passed easily and was a nice peppy little car. One of my projects at the Bendix Research Labs.
My dad ran a front end dragster in the 60's and 70's with a super charger that was adapted from a airplanes cabin pressure unit.
I've got to say I'm really impressed with your video quality.
An analog car? That sounds like a dream to come true and drive, now when everything is a tad too much digitalised you want to get some variation to even things out somewhat.
BMW E30 is the point where bmw left the purist driving experience in the dust, and started in a different direction.
huh? my car only has headbeams and starter what needs electrons...
that piston supercharger is honestly insanely interesting
You're videos are blessing for automotive enthusiasts like me.... Love from India ❤️❤️❤️❤️
Finally one of my more interesting online classes
Very interesting stuff. Keep up the good work!
What the go is a turbocharger that’s connected to a engine via a variable ratio drive. So at low revs the turbocharger works as a direct drive supercharger for no turbo lag, while at high revs, not just compresses intake air but also adds power directly to the crankshaft via ‘turbo-compounding’
amazing video
very good research and presentation
Boost School is my favorite RUclips series
Learn so much watching these
Excellent video..nice explanation, easy to understand
how can anyone dislike this man
Absolutely LOVE your work bro
Superchargers are a real blessing❤️😍
Red about this Audi electric motor driven supercharger a couple of weeks ago. They say the electric motor is able to go from 0-70 000 RPM in about 1/4 sec. Amazing, right. I can only imagine how much this thing costs. And there are 2 regular turbo's onboard. The electrical one is there to eliminate the turbo lag.
Great history lesson, but you left out the most badass whine maker of all--the multistage axial supercharger. Latham produced a very efficient model that was used in late 1950s and early 1960s drag racing with some success. A Dallas racer had a Nash Metropolitan stuffed with a Chevy V8 and topped by a Latham blower. I still remember the sound it made while racing at Green Valley around 1962, so I guess you could say it was unforgettable.
great video as always but i missed the G-Lader (VW G40 and G60)
Very interesting as allways thanks.
You really went to town with pronouncing the foreign words and names. Very nice apart from the great video :)
Nicely done
Very educational and entertaining!
Excellent video. Surprised no mention of the Detroit 2 stroke diesels that used to roam the earth.
Good ole Driptroit
Your content is excellent. subscribed.
It is very pleasant to listen to you, and the material is explained very clearly. Thank you for your work. Greetings from Russia!
Awesome yet again!
Great video as always. What I never understood is why we didn't generally see superchargers on European cars till around 92 or 93 with the Aston Martin Vantage, then many started to follow such as Mercedes (firstly on the 1st gen SLK and W202), then Jaguar used one on the XKR and over time they became more popular.
D4A you are so knowledgeable man!
The roots and screw compressors still play a dominant role in industry today.
Any sizeable compressed air supply in a factory will be built around single or multi stage screw compressors, and roots blowers are used where large volumes of lower pressure air is needed like air supply to combustion processes or transport of powdered and granulated substances trough pipelines.
Your awesome fellow ive learned a lot keepem coming justsayin.
Great video first time watched ur video n u def earned my subscription by the end very well thought out somewhat comical and all together interesting to watch very well done sir
Nice video. Liked the way it is told as well.
Wow great video.
I didn’t know the spitfire was supercharged.
Love your vids and always watch.
Keep up the content.👌🏻
Almost every aviation engine of ww2 was supercharged by various methods and to different degrees .
Thank you from Jamaica.
That was great. Power adder made me think of puff adder but they're not interchangeable as far as I know.
I caught the European one once. Was swimming in freezing water in Switzerland. Little black snake, curled up round my arm and went to sleep for 3 hours. No hiss, no bite..
Love the sound of the roots charger in my mercedes
Another awesome video, thank you
You can twist wires everywhere to get the engine going as long as the drift is possible. They come under a distributed crankshaft architecture.
Thanks a lot for the amount of informations.