What's the History of Lithium? How Does It Treat Bipolar Disorder? | Dr. Andrew Huberman

Поделиться
HTML-код
  • Опубликовано: 25 окт 2024

Комментарии • 167

  • @HubermanLabClips
    @HubermanLabClips  11 месяцев назад +7

    This clip is from the Huberman Lab episode "The Science & Treatment of Bipolar Disorder." The full episode can be found on RUclips here: ruclips.net/video/m_OazsImOiI/видео.html

    • @superkitkatkim
      @superkitkatkim 8 месяцев назад

      Doc, what was the difference between the uric acid from bipolar people’s urine, as compare to normal people. What was making the urine more toxic?

    • @georgeelgin3903
      @georgeelgin3903 6 месяцев назад

      @@superkitkatkim i suppose the million dollar question becomes how does the brain compete with the kidney for Li homeostatis

    • @clintondearborn3016
      @clintondearborn3016 25 дней назад

      thanks brother

  • @MattyP84
    @MattyP84 9 месяцев назад +12

    Just diagnosed and going down the rabbit hole. Thank you for the vid/info.

    • @nadiasmith226
      @nadiasmith226 7 месяцев назад +1

      Study : Between the calendar years of 2009 and 2018, prescriptions were dispensed in Alberta to 14,008 patients. and 8,636 (61.6% (95% CI, 60.8 to 62.4%)) patients discontinued lithium. First published online May 24, 2023
      Ten-Year Trends in Lithium Prescribing in Alberta, Canada. The idea that it's so fantastic doesn't translate to patient satisfaction.

    • @Kaa864
      @Kaa864 4 месяца назад +3

      Lithium orotate

  • @LithaMoonSong
    @LithaMoonSong 11 месяцев назад +25

    Lithium orotate for me

  • @blindeerkeizer950
    @blindeerkeizer950 Год назад +95

    I just recieved my lithium today . Hopefully it will help, giving my love to all the ones who are suffering.

    • @wellnesspathforme6236
      @wellnesspathforme6236 Год назад +2

      Look up Dr. Chris Palmer, Morley Robbins, and Dr. Thomas Seyfried.

    • @wellnesspathforme6236
      @wellnesspathforme6236 Год назад +4

      @SAL D About 2.5 mg a day of lithium orotate seems to have take a sharp edge off some of my anxiety effects. I'm trying to minimize the amount I take, so I will try and lower this dose for the same effects. There is also a whole food version that I will look into as well.

    • @blindeerkeizer950
      @blindeerkeizer950 Год назад +4

      @SAL D i gained 15 pounds of body weight. Pain in my head . I am currently around 400 - 600 mg per day supervised by a docter . It helps a lot with my thinking but i am thinking to quit because of all the side effects .

    • @Wds__99
      @Wds__99 Год назад +1

      Try a low dose?

    • @blindeerkeizer950
      @blindeerkeizer950 Год назад +1

      @@Wds__99 yeah maybe i will do that. I will quit this 400 mg i think for sure.

  • @Chulanotfound
    @Chulanotfound 3 месяца назад +5

    Going down the rabbit hole. Im just trying to escape from all of this. It's more complicated that everybody thinks. Keep on going everyone ♥

  • @Frightfulness
    @Frightfulness 10 месяцев назад +9

    Wow... i can imagine how excited he would of been once he saw those results like HOLY FxCK no way just figured it out!! thats a huge discovery who would of ever thought LITHIUM would be the key to it all... wild !! thanks for the information that is SUPER COOL!

  • @adamkhali9763
    @adamkhali9763 2 года назад +9

    👍🏼👍🏼 Great content. Clear and concise

  • @BardinBardo
    @BardinBardo 7 месяцев назад +4

    What about Lithium Orotate?
    It is a low dose over the counter supplement. There is some evidence that it could work but I don't know if if is compelling enough.

    • @KatinaLifeCoach4444
      @KatinaLifeCoach4444 7 месяцев назад +1

      Yep that's what I use for my son's bipolar however the menu still is there I don't know if I need to give him more but I'm afraid to because of the stabilizer with the liver

  • @georgeelgin3903
    @georgeelgin3903 8 месяцев назад +3

    This clip fascinTates. The story actually goes back to Alfred Garrod (1859) [ i blogged on this 2017/11/]. You missed some details in Dr Cade's work, but what i wanted to hear about is something Eric Kandel brings up [pg 78 "the disordered mind"]. When the Neuronal ion channel is opened it allows both Na+ and Li+ ions to enter. He `says` upon returning to normal potention the Li remains [i saw no source].
    The reason this interests is therapeutic Li is in the form of Li2Co3 [lithium carbonate]. Where as A lot of the supplement folks have been pushing Lithium Oratate [a somewhat heavier molecule] .. hm ... i sense some investigation of why Li might produce GABA might be instructive. Is it because the action potential of ion placement having a smaller variance in the presense of Li ??

    • @fatihedinc2127
      @fatihedinc2127 6 месяцев назад

      Whats the difference between lityum oralate and lityum carbonat?

    • @georgeelgin3903
      @georgeelgin3903 6 месяцев назад

      @@fatihedinc2127 from a practical standpoint one requires a prescription the other doesn't ... Lithium orotate (C5H3LiN2O4) is a salt of orotic acid

  • @clecompteful
    @clecompteful 3 месяца назад +2

    Everyone needs to differentiate between Lithium Orotate and Lithium Carbonate!!!!! Big difference people - it's a vital detail !!!

  • @PositivelyMe
    @PositivelyMe 9 месяцев назад +10

    I am on day 4 of lithium.

  • @ahammer7000
    @ahammer7000 Год назад +4

    Ashland Oregon is famous for it's lithium springs... I'm wondering what is a good natural source.

  • @hello-kj9ff
    @hello-kj9ff Год назад +22

    don't take lithium unless you're experiencing an episode. That stuff will turn you into a nice zombie

    • @Tharvey83
      @Tharvey83 Год назад +11

      depends on the dosage. I'm on a low dose and I'm not a zombie

    • @garydavidson1731
      @garydavidson1731 Год назад +8

      I take 1500 MG a day. Far from a zombie., still tons of energy and hyper was from adhd. I do feel numb sometimes but I’m going on 5 years sober and have been on lithium over 5 years.
      Eventually because of how it affects the liver I’ll have to find another mood stabilizer.

    • @boomerang0101
      @boomerang0101 11 месяцев назад

      @@garydavidson1731I take 10mg lithium orotate 6 times per week. Will it affect my liver negatively?

    • @denisedagostino3381
      @denisedagostino3381 4 месяца назад

      @@Tharvey83 what dose are you on? May I ask?

    • @clecompteful
      @clecompteful 3 месяца назад +1

      Are talking about Orotate or Carbonate Lithium ? Big difference

  • @katmahbub
    @katmahbub 11 месяцев назад +7

    ok, this is amazing! I figured out what was going to happen after you mentioned uric acid (after having watched a video about lithium chemical properties to make batteries)! I love the pure simplicity of the solution in an alkali metal.

    • @sophiamyambala1405
      @sophiamyambala1405 10 месяцев назад

      I’m hoping you can help. If the chemical in the body is present in the uric acid and it’s neutralised by an alkaline metal - does this mean that alkaline food will have the same affect?
      Thank you.

    • @katmahbub
      @katmahbub 10 месяцев назад

      @@sophiamyambala1405 I am not a chemist or doctor, but I doubt it since your digestive system will completely alter the food before it comes into contact with uric acid.

  • @fatihedinc2127
    @fatihedinc2127 6 месяцев назад +4

    Whats the difference between lityum oralate and lityum carbonat?

  • @anitaanderson4122
    @anitaanderson4122 22 дня назад

    Lithium relieved my major depression …it was like a veil lifted it was such a relief

  • @constancechoux9016
    @constancechoux9016 Год назад +1

    Great knowing this amazing story.
    You Rock 🙏🏼🙌🏼💪🏾🪄😘

  • @vgernyc
    @vgernyc 10 месяцев назад +3

    But what in the injected urine was the source of the mania in the guinea pigs? For a moment I thought the uric acid was the source of the mania. Why not use Sodium Urate instead of Lithium Urate?

    • @niceguynevermind999
      @niceguynevermind999 5 месяцев назад

      i thought thats what he said i must of missed something.

  • @lucimorr
    @lucimorr 8 месяцев назад +7

    Does anyone have thoughts on the use of Lithium Orotate?

    • @Prosperlife365
      @Prosperlife365 8 месяцев назад +9

      It seems to help and take the edge off of stress.

    • @Dana-sv8ev
      @Dana-sv8ev 4 месяца назад +1

      Any risks to it?

    • @clecompteful
      @clecompteful 3 месяца назад

      ​@@Dana-sv8evI've been researching it because it was recommended for my son ..... I'm not seeing many adverse effects....only that there isn't enough research to confirm the safety. But I will say the Biotics Research brand of Lithium is extracted from lentils/peas/chickpeas......so I'm really feeling that it can't be extremely dangerous or anything like that

  • @SD-xh9nq
    @SD-xh9nq Год назад +6

    Really interesting thank you

  • @niceguynevermind999
    @niceguynevermind999 5 месяцев назад +1

    Great shit Huber thanks man.

  • @petermcginnity5572
    @petermcginnity5572 Год назад +8

    Im on Lithium 18 yrs but have to come off because recently diagnosed with
    CKD
    DIABETES MELLITUS
    BRAIN IMPAIRMENT
    END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE/ DIALYSIS WITHIN 5- 10 YEARS.

    • @juliocesarpedroni
      @juliocesarpedroni Год назад +1

      are you serious ?

    • @ChristaTheGoodWitch
      @ChristaTheGoodWitch 11 месяцев назад +1

      I'm sorry you are going through all of that...I'm thinking of weaning off because the side effects seem to outweigh the good..bless your journey

    • @peterjones2605
      @peterjones2605 8 месяцев назад +4

      I’m sorry to hear of your diagnosis and can’t comment on whether lithium has been a contributing factor. I did however spot one culprit that could account for all the rest of your problems, including mental illness and that is diabetes. Excess carbohydrates (sugar) consumption, which is more than 5g (teaspoon) a day is problematic for the human body. Anything greater than that amount in the blood has to be stored in muscle, organs, brain etc in order to keep you alive 😮 There is no requirement for any carbohydrates in the human diet, cut them all out and begin your healing journey. Go Keto or better go carnivore for 3 months and monitor the changes. Do your research and you’ll be amazed at what you can cure. Check out Dr Ken Berry, Dr Anthony Chaffee, Dr Shawn Baker, Dr Rob Kiltz and others

    • @IndagatorAD4
      @IndagatorAD4 6 месяцев назад

      From “micro dosing” Lithium Orotate?

    • @zeekay3205
      @zeekay3205 3 месяца назад +2

      Thank you for stating this! Was it Lithium Carbonate (Meds) or Lithium Oratate (Supplements)?

  • @clintondearborn3016
    @clintondearborn3016 25 дней назад +1

    thank you andrew i sufer from bi bolor n clust b lithium helps me a lot

  • @guuseh2918
    @guuseh2918 Год назад +15

    Hmmm...very interesting. So the problem wasn't in urea but uric acid, and Lithium helped to dissolve Uric acid. Would other natural elements that help to dissolve uric acid also help (with mania)? Substances like Tart cherry, Quercetin, Phosphorus, Luteolin etc

  • @matthewrousseau2982
    @matthewrousseau2982 Год назад +7

    How about low dose lithium(oratete) for regular depression

  • @kamartaj
    @kamartaj Год назад +5

    Valproic acid extended release is better. It can damage the liver tho, check with your doctor if you suffer from bipolar symptoms or anxiety.

    • @flexflexflexflex
      @flexflexflexflex Год назад +3

      "better" is in no way a fitting description. one works for some, one for others. lithium is referred as the standard in treatment of all bipolar variants and even some kind of unipolar depression with the same physiological background.

    • @kamartaj
      @kamartaj Год назад

      @@flexflexflexflex have you noticed Bryan Johnson (the longevity guy) takes lithium as a supplement? I wonder why anyone would take it as a supplement.

    • @christopherw2233
      @christopherw2233 Год назад +1

      Read about lithium orotate The prescription version carbonate can be dangerous because of the extremely high dose and the way that it absorbs, but other forms of lithium can work just as well and are very beneficial. Your body needs lithium just not extremely high doses like the pharmaceutical industry prescribes, and the only reason they did it this way is because they had to find a way to patent lithium so by binding it to carbonate Tada money !

    • @alexanderp8037
      @alexanderp8037 11 месяцев назад +1

      Lithium orotate is much more dangerous its absorption or levels in serum is threefold compared to LIcarbonate and also its half life is much longer it also is more effective and gets stored in the brain longer. Orotic acid is also weakly mutagenic. There have been cases of people taking high dosages of lithium orotate such as 2.1 grams and getting into the ER with poisoning. This doesn't happen with lithium carbonate altho it does put strain on the kidneys. You don't need to take high dosages anyway 50mg to 100 mg is already enough for beneficial properties.
      Im not sure about lithium neuroprotective effects it does seem to prevent dementia and alzheimer but there is damage its toxic to some brain parts

  • @650AFTERHOURSOC
    @650AFTERHOURSOC 17 дней назад

    Hey Andrew does the new psychiatrist I'm sing put me on lithium... In the Bay area I was on Klonopin seem to be working good.. of course I watched your video first...rip to the homie orfn and kzam! Very informative thanks

  • @angiejones968
    @angiejones968 4 месяца назад +1

    Has there ever been a study on lithium for adhd? I'm just wondering because if it works on Hyper Mana, why not adhd?

    • @PeanutTerror
      @PeanutTerror 2 месяца назад

      bc lithium is a mood stabiliser and adhd is a planning/concentration disorder, not an affective disorder. I'll link a study I found on this asap, but as someone with bipolar and adhd I can say that lithium does not help with my adhd symptoms. Mania and hyperactivity seem similar but are different.

    • @PeanutTerror
      @PeanutTerror 2 месяца назад

      the study is called "Management Strategies for Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar Disorder Comorbidities in Adults with ADHD: A Narrative Review"

  • @mitchellsmith5658
    @mitchellsmith5658 4 месяца назад +1

    I’m on day 8 of lithium so far it’s helping but still early days🙏

    • @MajorMajorMajorMajor-jw6qo
      @MajorMajorMajorMajor-jw6qo Месяц назад

      Any updates?

    • @mitchellsmith5658
      @mitchellsmith5658 Месяц назад

      @MajorMajorMajorMajor-jw6qo hi yeah it seems to be helping me quite alot my mind and thoughts don't see to feel like out of control now I can actually relax a bit more and concentrate my highs and lows are manageable now where as before I couldn't control them at all iv had to move up dosage a bit but other than that I find it's helping alot 😊

    • @mitchellsmith5658
      @mitchellsmith5658 Месяц назад

      @MajorMajorMajorMajor-jw6qo it's for sure helping me with my moods feeling alot more stable and controlled I had to go up a dose as my levels dropped but I think it's really helping after trying endless antidepressants that just didn't seem to help I'm glad I'm on this med now feel better

  • @gtron7692
    @gtron7692 8 месяцев назад +3

    Those poor guinea pigs.

  • @PhilipLederer
    @PhilipLederer 7 месяцев назад

    is this Cade paper randomized? what about the sample size...

  • @sorianasor9730
    @sorianasor9730 4 месяца назад

    Can I reduce lithium in combination with furosemide?

  • @Pilgrim812
    @Pilgrim812 7 месяцев назад +1

    Step 1: make sure you have a correct diagnosis. Always question the accuracy of your diagnosis. 40% of bipolar diagnosis is wrongfully

    • @KatinaLifeCoach4444
      @KatinaLifeCoach4444 7 месяцев назад

      Okay so what diagnosis do it they mistaken it for a lot of times?😮

    • @jamesalbrecht418
      @jamesalbrecht418 4 месяца назад

      Also be open to the fact that you have bipolar 50% of patients refuse to take medication

  • @rabiacollection2475
    @rabiacollection2475 23 дня назад

    I want to ask a question ... i am facing unwantwd sexual arousal and irritation i was on cipralex before and quite that ... i cnt sleep and in day time i am facing unwated sexual arousal .... plz help me ... will lithium or lithium ortate will decrease them ?

  • @ninapritchard7631
    @ninapritchard7631 8 месяцев назад +1

    Does this medication make the urine look orangish? My BF takes it and the toilet has a orange colored stain from his urine.

  • @microfx
    @microfx 2 года назад +4

    love the shorts! just make the intro 2-3 seconds shorter

  • @robinkahle-solymos777
    @robinkahle-solymos777 Год назад +10

    I was on Lithium for 4 years. Ended up giving me a hand tremor. Stopped lithium and put me on olazapine and haliperidol. Good luck people.

    • @wellnesspathforme6236
      @wellnesspathforme6236 Год назад +2

      Look up Dr. Chris Palmer, Morley Robbins and Dr. Thomas Seyfried.

    • @gabrielarsego8664
      @gabrielarsego8664 Год назад +3

      I started lithium carbonate 3 years ago. I have hand tremors that make me want to look for alternatives... heard of lithium orotate, but there is not much research around it. How are you doing with your new medication?

    • @wellnesspathforme6236
      @wellnesspathforme6236 Год назад +2

      @@gabrielarsego8664 There is apparently a whole food lithium that might work at much lower doses. Real food versions are always better than inorganic versions when possible. You also might want to look into implementing an ancestral diet and addressing any common toxicity and nutrient deficiency issues. For example, iron overload in the tissues is very common since metallic iron filings are "fortified" into many processed foods, especially those with flour. HFCS, vitamin D supplements (sardines are a good substitute because they come packaged with 10x retinol, which is important!), calcium, zinc, ascorbic acid and iron supplements are all toxic. Most pharmaceutical drugs as well.
      Magnesium, retinol, and copper are typically very depleted in most people not on a real food diet with naturally raised animals.
      Your ancestors got you here by eating the organs of grass fed animals (the copper is in the grass!).
      They did this for thousands of years on end.
      If a new version of the Industrial Food Complex diet is not working out, go back to nature and look for answers.
      Also, a clean liver is a big deal. They can be so rusted out and filled with toxins that they don't function very well.

    • @purpyskii5791
      @purpyskii5791 Год назад +1

      I heard olanzapine is terrible for you

    • @robinkahle-solymos777
      @robinkahle-solymos777 Год назад +2

      @@purpyskii5791 nope, olanzapine worked for me!

  • @floydmacintire
    @floydmacintire 5 месяцев назад +4

    Lithium has destroyed my heart to the point that I now have a pacemaker. I'm changing to something else now.

    • @gonzotk421
      @gonzotk421 3 месяца назад +3

      How did it destroy your heart?

  • @HoboMinerals
    @HoboMinerals Год назад +6

    My doctor is trying to get me on Lithium.. I’m not sure what to think about it

    • @bean1127
      @bean1127 Год назад +1

      I had my first episode last june and was put on lithium and an antipsychotic. I’m now off of the psychotic and feel like I did before I was admitted. You’ll likely pee more often and I had a tremor for the first week or so that I started it. You have to get occasional bloodwork to make sure you’re at the right lithium level, so if you’re afraid of needles that’d be something to consider. The biggest issue I’ve had is since I’ve started it I’ve had erectile problems, but I’ll be starting a medicine for that. It really hasn’t been a bad experience for me and I’d recommend it. Hope this helps!

    • @cclark3
      @cclark3 Год назад +1

      do you trust your doctor as a person? It's easy to not trust a "doctor" but is something pulling you in that direction?

    • @bean1127
      @bean1127 Год назад

      @@cclark3 I’m sorry, but I don’t fully understand the question. What’re you asking?

    • @4everu984
      @4everu984 Год назад +2

      Tgere is lithium oratate at health food stores.

    • @dianecleary1054
      @dianecleary1054 Год назад +9

      Hi Lithium changed my life and has allowed me to function normaly. Good luck

  • @FreeThePickle
    @FreeThePickle Год назад +3

    It’s been a while since I heard someone try so hard to describe what solubility is 😂

  • @AngelHernandezC
    @AngelHernandezC 2 месяца назад

    Does anyone know if taking Lithium after knowing you already have Hyperthyroidism will affect the TSH levels, lets say from TSH higher than 5? if so any alternatives to maintain TSH in normal level while having to take Lithium.

    • @raloufen4292
      @raloufen4292 11 дней назад

      Who's claiming 5 is high?

    • @AngelHernandezC
      @AngelHernandezC 10 дней назад

      @@raloufen4292 5 is the upper level in standard reference range.

  • @bindiberry6280
    @bindiberry6280 Год назад +2

    Will Sodium and Lithium have similar psychotics effect ?

    • @Bababui69
      @Bababui69 Год назад +1

      Sodium is required for the lithium to work.

  • @stevegovea1
    @stevegovea1 Год назад +15

    Thank God for lithium... if not for it I'd still be thinking I was the chosen one... like a Latin Jesus Christ... Esteban Christ 😅

    • @MattyP84
      @MattyP84 9 месяцев назад +4

      LOL, you still are in my hypomanic heart for tonight. But yeah, those delusions of grandeur are pretty nuts.

    • @KatinaLifeCoach4444
      @KatinaLifeCoach4444 7 месяцев назад +1

      ❤ my son is in Mania and I went to his doctor's appointment with him and he told the doctor he's going to the NBA and all this other stuff😢

    • @stevegovea1
      @stevegovea1 7 месяцев назад

      @KatinaLifeCoach4444
      I believe I was going to be the next best UFC fight, by developing a new fighting technique.

    • @teresahunt5521
      @teresahunt5521 2 месяца назад +1

      My son thought he was satan's chosen one so at least you're on the right team. He was discharged from a psych hospital on lithium 2 days ago after a suicide attempt (along with other meds). He sounds much more balanced now.

    • @stevegovea1
      @stevegovea1 2 месяца назад

      @teresahunt5521
      I'm glad as well for his recovery.
      One of the things I noticed while in the mental clinic, were people returning on their third or fourth time.
      They stopped taking their meds. My guess, most of them were addicted to that natural high. Feeling special or being more creative during that state...

  • @fosheimdet
    @fosheimdet 4 месяца назад

    0:21😂 Almost correct pronunciation, you just also need a huntsman on your shoulder

  • @nadiasmith226
    @nadiasmith226 7 месяцев назад

    Study : Between the calendar years of 2009 and 2018, prescriptions were dispensed in Alberta to 14,008 patients. and 8,636 (61.6% (95% CI, 60.8 to 62.4%)) patients discontinued lithium. First published online May 24, 2023
    Ten-Year Trends in Lithium Prescribing in Alberta, Canada. The idea that it's so fantastic doesn't translate to patient satisfaction.

  • @eldenfindley186
    @eldenfindley186 4 месяца назад

    Yeah I’d freak out too if someone forcefully injected me with urine from someone else 😂

  • @Eireannach1988
    @Eireannach1988 Год назад +3

    1 of many drugs a psychiatrist tried to gave me when I was a kid...🤔

    • @phantompizza
      @phantompizza Год назад +1

      Lithium not a drug

    • @Eireannach1988
      @Eireannach1988 Год назад +2

      @@phantompizza lithium carbonate I was prescribed.

    • @phantompizza
      @phantompizza Год назад

      @@Eireannach1988 its not a drug still

    • @Eireannach1988
      @Eireannach1988 Год назад +9

      @@phantompizza Lithium is in a class of medications called antimanic agents. They works by decreasing abnormal activity in the brain. It was prescribed to me from a doctor & I got the prescription filled in a pharmacy. What does a pharmacy sell..? pharmaceuticals. what do doctors prescribe. Drugs ?!....Have u anything else to add

    • @trail.blazer
      @trail.blazer Год назад +7

      @@phantompizza When any substance is used in a form that can change a person's mental or physical state, then it becomes a drug. If a vitamin is used in very high doses to achieve a specific purpose, it becomes a drug. When lithium is used to try and change a person's mental state, it becomes a drug.

  • @thepuma77
    @thepuma77 2 года назад +1

    1:29 “as we mentioned” I’m looking very hard to look for the person who also mentioned this.🤔

    • @ricolini70
      @ricolini70 2 года назад

      what is wrong with u

    • @thepuma77
      @thepuma77 2 года назад +1

      @@ricolini70 I think about things differently. It's not wrong to point out things in good fun. No harm no foul. Just a overly witty brain.

    • @wellnesspathforme6236
      @wellnesspathforme6236 Год назад +2

      Some people like to hide a bit behind the concept of “we.” In Huberman’s case, he might have help putting these presentations together, so he may view his expression as that of a team effort. Anyway, nothing wrong with thinking differently nor with good natured sarcasm.

  • @adamwood7911
    @adamwood7911 3 месяца назад

    Isn’t this what just obliterated Britney Spears?

  • @tinamassey3426
    @tinamassey3426 8 месяцев назад +1

    So how exactly does it “treat” Bipolar disorder? That’s why I clicked ..sigh..

  • @PhilipLederer
    @PhilipLederer 7 месяцев назад

    tx

  • @phuongkimmai3294
    @phuongkimmai3294 2 года назад +1

    💝🌺

  • @georgekarydas1285
    @georgekarydas1285 2 года назад +1

    AMAZING ! THANKS A LOT .AUSTRALIANS WHO ALSO FOUGHT IN EUROPE AGAINST NAZISM!!!

  • @clintondearborn3016
    @clintondearborn3016 25 дней назад

    ginnie pigs 4 life dog bet g

  • @clintondearborn3016
    @clintondearborn3016 25 дней назад

    gp 4 life dog