How To Boot A Raspberry Pi 4 From An SSD
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- Опубликовано: 28 сен 2021
- In this video, I'll walk you through setting up your Raspberry Pi 4 to boot from any USB connected SSD or alternate drive step by step. We'll start by flashing the SD card, then copy the card to the drive, move on to setting up the Pi and finish off by removing the SD card and allowing the Pi to boot from the SSD.
Visit my blog if you'd prefer to read through the written tutorial - www.the-diy-life.com/how-to-b...
Drive Speed Comparisons:
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leepspvideo - • Raspbian speed test. U...
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Out of much searching I came across this post and it Finally fixed my issues. THANK You so much for this was beginning to think I’d never get up and running directly from SSD. Did have to unplug after too long of nothing happening after first shutdown and boot from SSD, but next try worked very fast and tests worked great. Probably something I missed vs the instructions! Thx again!! Now on to installing open media vault now which is what started all of this!
Followed the procedure and started the Rasp. from ssd..all very simple and clear..Thanks
Wow, worked flawlessly. That doesn't happen too often, Thanks so much!
I followed all the steps with basically the same hardware (different ssd and case but same argon board and pi) and got good results!
Very clear and easy to follow.
That's great to hear, thanks for the feedback! This process should work for any USB connected drive.
Thanks for the Tutorial. Simple & clear
After trying all these other methods that for some reason did not work for me I finally found this and it worked! Thank you!!
This video should go viral. There is not enough quality content in this topic on RUclips. I have struggled so much to boot pi from ssd.
This guy is really great his video helped me in rpi videos
Thanks for the great feedback and support!
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Thank you so much for this helpful tutorial.
Hello Michael. Nice video. Worked like a charm. Thanks a lot!
Straight forward and worked well !!!
Excellent video explaining the technique. Worked perfectly the first time.
thank u very much worked very nicely for me. i had my pi os on a sd card previously and got out of space so followed all steps to switch to the SSD and worked like a charm. thx
Hi Michael. Great video! Thank you so much for sharing! 😀
Thankyou . My pi4 now boots flawlessly from my SSD. Excellent video and easy to understand.
Great to hear!
neat looking case set up for sure
It took a while for the SSD to startup the first time but now it is very fast. Thanks :)
I seem to be experiencing that currently. Hoping for the best
Thank you so much your video is awesome, I got mine working,.
Works first time bang on, brilliant tutorial thank you :)
wow, thank you. You solved my problem. great solution
Excelent tutorial! Thanks a lot!
Good help , thank you very much
Thank you. Booting from SSD now!
Thanks man. Fantastic...
You really saved my day, I tried to copy the Raspbian on a 2.5" SSD directly and it works perfectly, but no hope with SSD M.2 Sata.
Wow, great video. Thanks for the URL link in the description..
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Nice video. Consider increasing the font size of your Terminal session to make it easier to read when viewing on mobile devices.
Thanks for the tip, I'll do this for the next one
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Dude this worked!
thanks so much, I have having a bit of a slugish time with my pi4, got an M2 SSD and enclosure for it and now its super 280mb/s write and 371 read and the whole computer is much faster
Thanks so much!
Way simpler than other tutorials on this. I did have difficulty in that the drive did not appear on the desktop, so had to find another tutorial on partitioning and mounting it, but ended up with 247Mb/s read speed on a 500GB SanDisk SSD.
Great to hear yours is working now
Where did you find the tutorial? I am using an SSD and having the same issue.
@themexsays Actually, this was a long time ago. No idea. You're going to have to Google it. It's probably there.
I just recently setup an ssd for my pi. I formatted to Fat32 on the pi with pi imager selecting the format option. Then used the sd copy tool and copied the sd to the ssd. Shutdown, took out the sd card re powered and it booted from the ssd. All works fine with great r/w speeds.
Thanks for sharing your method!
It works folks 👍
Your video and written instructions were excellent, but what I didn't realize was that I needed to take another path to run Home Assistant (as opposed to the linux desktop). I found another video that was similar to yours, but had me download a "HA" specific image. It also didn't require the command-line steps for updating the software or boot-order.
Yeah Home Assistant runs as it's own "operating system", so you'd need to install that image directly onto the SSD.
I haven’t tried it yet but much like all the other comments I haven’t had any luck with any other RUclips tutorials so I hope this works
Thanks for the video, I used 1 microsd to upgrade and setup boot from ssd on all my pi4 and with pi imager burn the image directly to the SSD.
Yeah that's a neat solution
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Great video thanks. My ssd spead is slightly faster than yours - its an old recycled 2017 M2 drive in a Sabrent M.2 SSD [NGFF] External enclosure. Only disappointment is the Pi seems to boot slower via a delayed "Progress: Trying boot mode UDB-MSD" screen. Once booted up it is quicker. Any tips to speed up the delay on that reboot screen?
Hello, amazing tutorial, first: amazing case... second: does the drive have to be in fat format? can it be in ext4?
nice project
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Thanks it worked for me . I couldn't run test though, I'm a Raspberry Newbie and did know there was spaces or no spaces in your command line. Failed every time.
That's good to hear. To test the drive speed you can also use the Raspberry Pi Diagnostics tool under the Accessories menu.
From what I noticed if you want a PI4 8GB with a good case and SSD, it is cheaper to get a older Intel nuc essential kit. at least if you want to use it for home-assistant.
Though the PI is more energy efficient.
I liked your video, and I also like the case you have for the Pi. Where do I find it?
They're available from my Etsy store - www.etsy.com/au/listing/890956138/raspberry-pi-4b-desktop-computer-case
Came across your channel and thought, why can't I just copy the image directly to the external SDD drive? I did so, and that is all I did, shutdown, removed the micro sd card, and it booted to external drive, it saved me a lot of time reproducing my micros to SDD drives, thanks
Yeah it depends on the version of the bootloader that your Pi is running. Pi's that were manufactured with the newer bootloader will automatically boot from a USB device if available, the older ones wont.
Thank you very much for your helpful video. I found it very easy to follow.
However I do have one major problem. My Pi 4 is running raspberry Pi OS Lite and Openmediavault 6 so I do not have access to a GUI.
How can I transfer the OS from the sdcard to the M.2 memory using the command line?
If you're working only in the command line (OS Lite) then you'll need to use another utility - something like rpi-clone (have a look on Github for this).
Como conectas tantos ventiladores a la raspberry ?
Could you do a Tutorial, how to do it if u have light version?
Thank you for this concise tutorial. I am running into some issues though. Around the time of transferring data from the sd to the ssd, I got a low voltage warning. I hoped that after shutting down and taking out the sd card I would not have that issue, but now booting with only the ssd in, I'm stuck on the rainbow screen. Attempting with the 64 bit OS. Any suggestions?
You need a more robust power supply. The SSD is drawing power from the Pi's USB port and your supply can't handle the load so the voltage is dropping.
I want to install the light version of Raspbian (no desktop) can I run the copy for the SD to the SSD in the command line?
do you use protocole NGFF or NVME protocol ?
Will a Pi 4 read an external NVMe M.2 in and external enclosure up to 4B?
hi, do you have any power issue? meaning is the default rpi4 power supply enough?
Yes the default supply should be able to provide enough power for one connected SSD. You'd probably have issues with more than 1.
nicely done. the only complaint I have is the commands to be typed into the terminal were not nearly large enough to read, at least for me. Good job, though
I've linked my blog post in the video description and that has all of the terminal commands typed out
If anyone planning to do this with SSD encloser (and not using the device shown in this video), i highly suggest u to check the chipset of the bridge it use before u buy one, cause seems like if the adapter using Jmicron chipsets, then it wont work. At least this is the issue im having and after dig deeper into the problem on rpi website, and i found this info why mine not working. I can connect the SSD w/o any issue to my PC and to my raspberry pi 4b, but when i tried to use the SD card copier it ejected every USB device from it, and i had to connect a bluetooth keyboard to it to safely reboot the pi, cause unplug and plug back the mouse / keyboard still wont work. I can copy files to the SSD, but when the copier its about to clone the system partition it fails. I tried to bypass this with byte to byte copy what was suggested and was successful, at least on paper it was, but still did not boot up from SSD. The disconnection can be caused by not using proper power supply so the SSD do not get enough power, but since im using the proper one, i had to dig deeper into the rabbit hole, and found what i mentioned above. Still have to test if i can use the SSD as storage and the SD card as system, and it will be safe and wont disconnect it.
Ps: There is an article from a rpi dev, how can u make it work with a limited speed, but still low chance it will work due to the above mentioned Jmicron chip.
How to connect 3 fan to the raspberry pi 4. Thanks
Hi Michael. I prefer to run my pi headless, and in fact would like to convert a headless system running on an SD card to SSD. Is there a commandline utility you know of to do the copying?
I would probably take a different approach with that. I’d try burn the image directly to the SSD then use the SD card as usually to update the firmware and make the boot order changes then just change over to the SSD.
I’m sure you do get command line copiers, I’ve just never personally used them.
Can you load just Libreelec and boot from an ssd? I would like to use this asa music server.
Hello,
Cool video and I notice you know a lot about Raspberry Pi.
I have a problem with my PI.
I have it as NAS in use and have 2 external HDDs as storage.
Only I have to remount the hard drives after each start (enter password). Is there a way that they unlock themselves ?
Would be really cool if you can help me.
I've never personally tried this, but you need to tell the Pi to mount the drives without requiring a login by editing the /etc/fstab file. There are quite a few guides on how to do this online, here's a link with a lot of information on the topic - wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Fstab
I like your case, is it available online for purchase?
My cases are available through my Etsy store - www.etsy.com/au/shop/TheDIYLifeCo
This worked perfectly for me as shown, however it seems to have directly coppied my file structure from the SD card, so I have almost 1TB of free space on the SSD that I can't seem to access. Is this normal?
Try expanding your file system using the configuration utility and see if that opens it up.
How would this work if I wanted to do this with an Ubuntu server rather than the Rasberry Pi OS that you are running. I doubt that Ubuntu would have the same SD to SSD copy program that you used here to copy it over. If so, can you explain how this process would translate?
does firmware update require a internet connection ?
I'm running an Ubuntu Server version on my Raspberry Pie. Is it still possible to adjust the boot loading settings or do I need to install the Raspberry Pie OS, do these steps and then just install my new Ubuntu Server on the SSD instead?
As far as I'm aware you'll need to use Raspberry Pi OS to update your Pi's firmware. But try without doing this update first, newer Pi's have the later firmware installed by default so might not need this step to be done.
For 4B users you could straightly go a ahead and burn os image onto SSD and pi will boot from USB without and sd card present.
remember to add ssh file in the boot directory.
You can if it’s a recently manufactured 4B, some of the older ones have the older firmware which didn’t support booting from a USB connected drive.
@@MichaelKlements Yes I checked my firmware it was already updated so I just stick it in.
Is it possible to format disk from raspbian?
I want to connect drive and card to raspberry, boot from card. Format and set up file system from raspian on connected SSD and then copy image to SSD?
Yes you can do that. It does sometimes depend on the file system format that the drive arrives with, it sometimes doesn't show up in Raspberry Pi OS but there are work arounds for this.
I don’t have an sd card. Am I able to download the raspberry pi os directly to my ssd and then just run it off that? I have a pi 4b so it should be able to boot from usb by default
If your Pi has the latest firmware on it so that it is already able to boot from an SSD then yes you can just flash the SSD directly.
When I use SD card copier, as it is copying partitions, at some point, after like 30 minutes, it says "drives changed. copy aborted"
Does this also increase performance? (I know that I depends on the Speed of the sd card and the ssd, but is there a difference when they have the same Speed?)
I think it doesnt because the system limits the speed to the USB speed, so its the same as a ultra sd card imo
It depends on what you do with it. You'll get a noticeable increase in speed when copying files, small or large. Your boot time will reduce and apps will also load a bit faster, although both not that significantly.
The biggest benefit to using an SSD in my opinion is reliability. SD cards just aren't made to be re-written as often as an operating system requires. Even a good SD card will only last a year or two in a Pi if its being actively used.
@@MichaelKlements ok, thank you for your answer, I am planning to build a openCV script with object detection, I guess the Performance Boost wont be noticeable
@@MichaelKlements This is the primary reason why I switched. I need to start moving all my dev files to Github as well (another thing to learn...) to safeguard and my next project is another pi4 (Klements Case of course) as a NAS. However, I will say the two biggest performance boosts I got was switching to SSD and the 64bit RPI OS which, is still in beta but frankly runs incredibly well. With 8GB of memory it utilizes it quite well and between the two I couldn't be happier performance wise.
what if the ssd hasn't been previously formatted and it doesn't show up in windows file explorer? Update: I think my SSD adapter is DOA. I tried two different SSDs. BTW, Windows does not support formatting an SSD larger than 32Gb as fat32. The only selections are exFat32 and NTFS. You need to use a 3rd party utility to do this.
How do u do this from retropie?
You can copy a Retropie image using another Pi but can't do it within Retropie
I tried to use an Kingston A400/240GB in u USB external housing but it did not work.
First i could not format this disk to FAT32 on a Windows system. I used Gparted on the raspberry pi and that worked.
I followed all you steps but as said it did not start from the SSD. I'll do some more experimenting and hope to get it to work. BTW After starting from the SD again i noticed that in the file explorer the SSD did not show up (/media/pi/ ).
Hi, I was about to get A400 for the same setup as your's. Any luck booting? Cheers
@@0314eugeneong Hi, I had problems with my setup. Sometimes it booted and somtimes not (mostly not). I used a (cheapo) USB-3 to HDD/SATA converter within a case. After i changed this to a simple USB-3 to HDD/SATA converter it worked fine. So its picky on the converter. Have fun.
Hello michael, Is it worth it to boot pi 3 from an ssd? Is the process similar?
You won't get much of a speed increase as the Pi 3 only supports USB 2.0, but you'll still benefit from the reliability of an SSD. Yes, the process is similar, there are just a couple of additional tweaks required on the Pi 3.
@@MichaelKlements Got it, Thanks👍
Can I use samsung bar plus 128gb boot drive and 1tb samsung ssd for storage with 3amp power supply? Any problems ?
Probably not, the Pi 4 asks for a 3A power supply by itself. There is probably enough capacity in this to power one SSD without and issues but it's unlikely to work with two.
@@MichaelKlements how about 1 ssd and 1 usb flash drive ?
I have done it like you said, but mine Rpi just hangs during booting with [Dependency failed].. I checked the UUID and filesystems on MicroSD with the SSD, all should work. Does anyone have idea what is the problem please?
Try reflashing the OS to the SSD, something might have gone wrong with the copy.
Wonderful! Simple and clear instructions. Thank you. Now my case: - I failed to boot from my ssd. I am fighting to connect SanDisk X400 N.2 2280 128GB connected to a generic NGFF(M.2) to USB3.0 converter. Followed all steps more than 3 times. Unfortunately, no success. To check if I am making any mistakes, I followed the process with 8GB USB pen drive, and it is successful. Need help for further action. Choice:
1. This converter is not compatible. Try another brand
2. Abandon this SSD and buy a complete new USB3 external SSD
3. Settle for a 64 GB pen drive
Kindly advise.
It's most likely that the converter isn't compatible or doesn't have a supported driver. Does it show up if you plug the SSD into your Raspberry Pi once it has booted up from a microSD card?
@@MichaelKlements Thank you for immediate attention. Yes. After booting from the 8GB pen drive, I plugged in the SSD, and I can see both partitions media/pi/rootfs and media/pi/boot.
Connected to HDMI Monitor and now I see page full of errors. for example: EXT4-fs error (device sda2: _ext4_find_entry_1660: inode# different numbers here and followed by different errors . . .
Ok. Here is update. I repeated the process with a USB3 Kingston Pen drive. And Pi did boot. But is extremely slow.
Eureka ! ! Pi is now booting from SSD. 😀
If you image the SD Card, and then re-format it afterwards, wouldn't that clear the image off the SD card?
The reformat was for the SSD not the microSD. He was not clear verbally as most people tend to use pronouns too much which leads to poor communication.
For example ~ @1:31 he says "the drive" instead of SSD. However, you can see it says USB external for the drive he is working on.
So Windows 10 wouldn't let me format my SSD to FAT32. When I tried to google why, it says that the FAT32 system is only for storage capacities of 32gb or less. Am I suppose to partition my 120gb SSD?
I ended up using a 240gb ssd from Microcenter. The Inland Professional one. I was never able to format it to FAT32. I left it as exFAT.
It did work eventually, but I ran into some issues. After doing the RPI configuration and rebooting, I was met with either a black screen or the default screen that says it's trying to boot from USB. I ended up disconnecting my mouse and keyboard and was finally shown my desktop environment.
I'm unable to successfully turn off and turn on my Pi without some issue. Even when I enter the desktop environment, it won't reboot properly. I have to turn off my Pi and restart it that way.
It's a fun gimmick, but I only saw minimalistic improvements in smoothness with the SSD. I was expecting something more when switching from a micro SD card to a sata SSD.
I'm also not sure if this method would work with other distros or if it's just possible through Raspbian. I would like to try this with Ubuntu MATE 64 bit for ARM processors as it could utilize the full 8gb of ram.
6/10 for my overall experience. Glad it worked for others though
Is it possible to copy image directly to SSD via usb without using menioned copy SD card method? I have only 1 SD card and would like to keep it as backup with current config. So i will update and upgrade pi with current SD, then change boot order and just connect SSD with already installed neat OS. Is it possible?
yes it is
Yes you can flash the image directly to the SSD. You just need the SD card to initially configure the Pi to boot from the SSD.
@@MichaelKlements Do I really need it? Because in config option I see that default order is boot from SD if available..If not then boot from USB. So even if I do not configure boot order it will still work with SSD without SDcard by default.
It depends on the firmware version on your Pi. If you bought your Pi recently then it probably has the latest firmware already installed and this may already be configured to boot from an SSD as you've mentioned. If you have an older Pi (like from last year) then it won't have this firmware update and won't boot from an SSD by default.
could you send the project of this case ??
Can u do the same with 2.5 inch SSD instead of M2 drive SSD?
This will work for any USB connected drive, you'll just need to use an adaptor.
@@MichaelKlements Thank you for your replay and the info. Im using an SSD 2.5" in my PC and was thinking to upgrade it on newer and bigger capacity, and now i can use this in my raspberry pi when the cooling system will arrive at this week. Was so hard to put my hands on a raspberry pi in my country. Only 2 shop is selling it on decent price (around 70 usd) and the 2 other shop i hound selling them for 300+ ofc they have it in stock while the other 2 shop get few pice and sold out all within few hrs. Was sniping for it over 2-3 month. 😢
Can someone explain to me, why do I have to do all this steps? In raspberry imager I select my usb ssd, write to it, than plug to my raspberry pi and it’s working. Why do I have to write on sd card, then clone to ssd instead of write directly to the ssd?
Because older Raspberry Pi’s firmware doesn’t support booting from an SSD, this was only recently introduced. So the steps you’ve described won’t work on a Pi that doesn’t have the newer firmware.
Where do I find that case?
Through my Etsy store - www.etsy.com/au/shop/TheDIYLifeCo
Does this ssd support with windows 11 on rpi
Yes, I you run the firmware update then the USB boot will support whatever operating system you've got loaded. Obviously provided it can run on the Pi.
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You can also flash PiOS directly to the SSD if you have a way to connect it to your computer (USBM.2 adapters are easy to find online and not expensive (
As long as your Pi has the latest EEPROM firmware then this is correct. If not then you'll still need to boot from an SD card first to update it.
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@@MichaelKlements understood. The Pi4s I‘ve purchased all had the correct FW. These purchases were early last year… :)
@@AndrewJonathanSmith I have several PI that wouldn't boot off of USB without updating the firmware first. However there is a great little Image on the imager for setting the PI for USB boot up that can work on very small SD cards and all you do it boot once and it will display green it if worked and red if it doesn't pull the sd out and now it will boot off the USB and will boot USB first or SD first depending on the version you chose.
Thanks for the tip Robert, I didn't know that there was a image to do this automatically. I must try it out!
I formatted my NVME SSD to Fat32. The drive never shows up on the screen.
Write test command not recognized
05:00 writing to /dev/zero seems a bit odd. /dev/null would be more conventional.
Didn't work for me. Followed the steps and everything went well, until after the steps on 4:03 i rebooted and it wont boot. Nothing is happening. I'm using a Samsung EVO 750 connected to a disk tray with it's own power supply. Something is coming up on screen for a brief second, something like the stuff happening at 4:19, but it's only there for a brief second and then it's gone and then nothing. You have any idea why? I'm using raspberry PI 4 8GB.
tested some more. I cannot have the SSD connected at all, if i remove it, the Pi boots with the SD card. If i have the SSD connected, it won't. If i have SD card installed while the SSD is connected in any of the 4 USB ports, it won't boot at all. I can't figure out why, every other step in this video worked like a charm, no hickups.
Well, there was one step that i had to do differently. Since the disk is 500GB i could not format it as FAT32, so i had to split the SSD into two partitions, one 32GB which was formatted to FAT32 and the other rest of the SSD to NTFS. Raspian had no problem reading the NTFS partition though, it came up right away when it booted with the disk attached the first time.
I now tried to use BalenaEtcher to write the Image of the SD card onto the SSD. Same problem. When i start up the Pi there is this screen with white and red, where it says "install an OS on your raspberry" and "Waiting to boot from USB". I turned on the SSD, then screen went black with some text on it for a second, then screen turns off and nothing happens.
Well it works now. Had to do a complete fresh install.
Not working i tryed on recently
How to reverse this??
You don't need to reverse it, if you plug a microSD card into the Pi and don't have a bootable SSD plugged in then it'll boot from the microSD card again. If you want to force it to boot from the microSD card then just change the boot preferences like you would on a PC.
Where did you get the case?
I made it in a recent video on my laser cutter
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I still wonder what this pi is used for after setting it up
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I have a bunch. Most of witch are actively doing something useful. Just about any linux service will run on a PI now a days and under basic load it will do fine.
After all this.. what is the pi hardware going to be used for
Pi's are used for a wide range of tasks, as standalone computers, servers, network drives, media centers, game consoles etc..
@@MichaelKlements servers? Meaning i could host an AI server on it
@@MichaelKlements I'm making this virtual assistant of mine so can i host it so as make it offline..
This is so complicated to digest 😪
Michael how about you make your next video on the uses and practicalities of the PI hardware touching most part of it uses 🥺🙏
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What the fuck is a new terminal window? Lol. I give up.
you talk like stephen hawking
By the way your bot is sharing your WhatsApp number 😸😸
Yeah, it was Middle East scammers do it.
Yeah it's not my WhatsApp number they're sharing
@@MichaelKlements Thank goodness.
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Título en español y después video en inglés. Flaude. Bye.
Got it going thanks for the help I m using twister but I might go Android🫡