What Is The Best 4WD System?

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  • Опубликовано: 22 май 2018
  • Who Has The Best 4WD? What Is The Best 4WD Vehicle?
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    Who makes the best 4WD system is certainly up for debate, but what is the best 4WD system? That question seems like it should have a realistic answer based on physics. The best 4WD system, in my opinion, is the system that gives you the least likelihood of getting stuck. In nerd-speak, it's able to put down the greatest percentage of available torque.
    So how do you put down the greatest amount of torque? Well that requires a clever 4WD system, that's able to change based on conditions. One such change vital for off-roading is the ability to lock up differentials. What's the difference between an open and a locked differential? An open differential allows for uneven wheel speeds, but always maintains equal torque. A locked differential does the opposite, locking wheel speed together, but allowing for unequal torque distribution. Torque is sent where grip allows for the torque to be sent. Check out the video for full details, as well as examples of vehicles which I would consider have the best 4WD systems.
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    Torque Vectoring Differential - • Torque Vectoring Diffe...
    Differentials: • Differentials - Explained
    Open vs. Locked Diff: • Open vs Locked Differe...
    Open vs. Locked Diff Part 2: • Open vs Locked Differe...
    Multi-plate Clutch: • Multi-Plate Clutches -...
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  • @EngineeringExplained
    @EngineeringExplained  6 лет назад +236

    IMPORTANT NOTE: Vehicles like the Mercedes G-Class blur the lines between what is “technically” 4WD vs AWD. Today, to call something 4WD traditionally means it has a transfer case and can switch from 2WD to 4WD, as well as having a low speed range within the transfer case. While the G Wagon does not have the ability for 2WD, it does have a hi/low speed transfer case, as well as lockers front/rear/center. For these reasons I’ve included it in this discussion, since like the Jeep Wrangler and Ram Power Wagon, it is designed with offload capability in mind. Like the Jeep and Ram, the center lock in the G-Wagon should not be used on road, since it will cause binding (assuming the road isn’t covered in snow, ice, etc). For what it’s worth, Mercedes currently refers to this system as “Permanent AWD with 2-speed transfer case.” The same terminology is used for the more serious G550 4x4 with portal axles, a machine clearly built for off-road use.That said, according to MotorTrend, in the 90’s Mercedes referred to the E-Class with 4Matic as 4WD, not AWD like it is called today. It’s important to know that ultimately these terms are founded as marketing differentiators rather than technical differentiators to explain how the 4WD system works. At the most basic level, 4WD simply means all four wheels receive torque. If you’re interested in more detail, below are a bunch of related videos. :)
    Best AWD System - ruclips.net/video/TotrUUuYOM4/видео.html
    AWD - ruclips.net/video/UL9LmT3fzbQ/видео.html
    4WD - ruclips.net/video/ZN6xHc7Nz-E/видео.html
    Transfer Case - ruclips.net/video/K1qj8dHTmP4/видео.html
    Torsen LSD - ruclips.net/video/wiq1Rk5wqds/видео.html
    Viscous LSD - ruclips.net/video/w2bRb17jJ1U/видео.html
    Clutch Type LSD - ruclips.net/video/ujsxq9WBllU/видео.html
    Torque Vectoring Differential - ruclips.net/video/qwwFZAbYGW0/видео.html
    Differentials: ruclips.net/video/Hv0jYDWp0ZA/видео.html
    Open vs. Locked Diff: ruclips.net/video/gwJEU7p9U2Q/видео.html
    Open vs. Locked Diff Part 2: ruclips.net/video/_HOa0aRZYpw/видео.html
    Multi-plate Clutch: ruclips.net/video/SQvFg4WbdZ4/видео.html

    • @michaelm6574
      @michaelm6574 6 лет назад +4

      By your definition (all four wheels having torque) than the best 4wd has to go to an electric car.

    • @Hellpoolhall
      @Hellpoolhall 6 лет назад

      Curious as to the AWD system dodge uses. It appears as if its an automatic 4x4 that works in conjunction with the ABS sensors with a lock overide to make it 4x4.

    • @geoffmooregm
      @geoffmooregm 6 лет назад +4

      Engineering Explained as far as I know the Toyota Sequoia is the only vehicles that offers 2WD, 4WD open (with torsen center diff) high/low and 4WD locked high/low. Can anyone think of any others? The Landcruiser only has 4WD open or locked like the Merc. Only the Landcruiser has front and rear diff lockers in the Toyota lineup. Most vehicles that have "auto" 4WD use a clutch pack to send power to the front as needed. But it is a reactive system.

    • @PatrickRich
      @PatrickRich 6 лет назад +15

      I personally think this "AWD vs 4WD" is marketing nonsense. if it drives 4 wheels, its 4 wheel drive. Why differentiate other than to placate arbitrary marketing terms? I think instead we should differentiate between 4wd types of which there are 3 - Part time, Full time and on demand. solves this whole mess.

    • @PatrickRich
      @PatrickRich 6 лет назад +1

      assuming it has a motor for each wheel and not just 2 motors with a differential. even then each electric motor would have to be able to output the entire power of the whole to be equal to a fully locked 4wd which can send 100% of total available engine torque to one wheel.

  • @callMeAMug
    @callMeAMug 6 лет назад +502

    A question.. how many G-Wagon owners actually use their G-Wagons for off road?

    • @forrest225
      @forrest225 6 лет назад +113

      Not many people offroad new jeeps either, or race new supercars, or rally new subarus.

    • @PatrickRich
      @PatrickRich 6 лет назад +112

      All expensive off roaders are 3rd owner toys. This is nothing new. Who's off roading a new land cruiser, or range rover? Very few. Its the 2nd and 3rd owners. Fine by me, Im happy to have someone else pay for depreciation on only use them on the road. Makes them cheap and well maintained by the time they come to me.

    • @Shakshuka69
      @Shakshuka69 6 лет назад +108

      About as many as AR-15 owners that go on killing sprees

    • @GustavMeyrink
      @GustavMeyrink 6 лет назад +9

      44 owners definitely use theirs off road but since these are armed forces they account for thousands of G Wagen, the German army alone has over 12000 of them.

    • @Eternal_Hoop
      @Eternal_Hoop 6 лет назад +6

      They like to use them for speed bumps

  • @MyPandaRawrs
    @MyPandaRawrs 6 лет назад +191

    the fast and furious part almost made me choke on my cereal lol

    • @lenrocoraf3709
      @lenrocoraf3709 6 лет назад +1

      Rocky Hahaaha ,me too!!!

    • @johnd5805
      @johnd5805 6 лет назад +2

      Y'all eat cereal? Too much sugar.

    • @mitchellsteindler
      @mitchellsteindler 6 лет назад

      Yep I chocked on some pasta which was worth it for that joke

    • @johnd5805
      @johnd5805 6 лет назад

      Yea I hear ya. I was joking too.

    • @ParityError0110
      @ParityError0110 6 лет назад +1

      I would love to hear Jason discuss everything he thinks is wrong with all the Fast and Furious movies. It looks like CinemaSins has already done that, but I'd enjoy hearing Jason talk about it.

  • @nemo4evr
    @nemo4evr 6 лет назад +90

    As a former and proud owner of a 1976 Toyota land cruiser, I can tell you that the best 4WD is the one that does not breakdown in the middle of nowhere, and is easy to fix.
    You have the best simple explanations out there, and we are very grateful for it. Do you remember another beast from Mercedes called the " Unimog "?
    Cheers from Canada.

    • @dylanashley799
      @dylanashley799 4 года назад +3

      nemo4evr unimog axels are monsters

    • @rickeystovall7547
      @rickeystovall7547 4 года назад +2

      That sounds about right !

    • @theroyalcrownedtiger2946
      @theroyalcrownedtiger2946 3 года назад +3

      I have seen Subaru awd outperform the others, including the overglorified toyota and honda.
      I had seen the video a while ago but still remember it clearly, the wet slope test, Subaru beat them both each and every time with ease, the other 2 failed the test.
      Also I have been in the Subaru STI and even in thick heavy snow it grips and powers through like there is nothing on the road at all, and rides like it's on rails, even on slippery surfaces such as rain, slush, snow.

    • @theroyalcrownedtiger2946
      @theroyalcrownedtiger2946 3 года назад

      Best awd is only partially determined by not breaking and easy to service, what matters even more is awd that actually works in such way that it's like driving on dry road, even when its wet, and making driving easy, even in the toughest conditions, such as thick and heavy snow.
      I have seen it, both the CRV and Rav 4 stuck in the snow.

    • @ACERASPIRE1
      @ACERASPIRE1 3 года назад

      Hmmm, Nomo4evr, I understand your claim, but, when all you do it take the kids to school and occasionally do an off-road day in your 4x4 its quite reasonable to trade some of the rugged durability for some refinement and technology.

  • @ec6933
    @ec6933 6 лет назад +233

    Man i think this channel has stayed the same more or less but SERIOUSLY upped the GAME on subject matter lately!!! Thanks sir this is becoming my new fav channel!!!

    • @EngineeringExplained
      @EngineeringExplained  6 лет назад +11

      Happy to hear it, thanks for watching!!

    • @glenjamindle
      @glenjamindle 6 лет назад +5

      Yea, and have you seen some of the animations he uses? Just amazing. Remember the kid in his bedroom a few years ago? Hahaha

    • @vishalanime
      @vishalanime 6 лет назад +1

      Watching EE grow through the years. _/\_

    • @1001speedster
      @1001speedster 6 лет назад +2

      Here's the thing...
      This has always been my FAVOURITE CHANNEL!

    • @KILLER_BEAN_UNLEASHED_FOREVER
      @KILLER_BEAN_UNLEASHED_FOREVER 5 лет назад

      @@glenjamindle 😀😁😂👌👍

  • @Shakshuka69
    @Shakshuka69 6 лет назад +31

    Also, just about everything you find in that G Wagon system can be found in a $2000 Mitsubishi Montero/Pajero from 25 years ago.

    • @monexchannel9827
      @monexchannel9827 4 года назад +2

      Pajero, the king of the desert! Unbeatable Dakar Rally record holder.

    • @zihanli140
      @zihanli140 4 года назад +3

      full time 4wd+part time 4wd=super select 4wd

    • @user-gv7st5xk6s
      @user-gv7st5xk6s 3 года назад +1

      Not the greatest engines, but very good 4wd system!

    • @martinsvensson6884
      @martinsvensson6884 3 года назад +2

      No. It had no front locker fx. And you couldnt choose everything freely. It was certain set mechanical modes with a lever. Also it of course lacks the G-wagens regular traction control and ESP system that all modern cars have today in one way or another.

  • @Chris-cy3uq
    @Chris-cy3uq 6 лет назад +211

    What if all 4 wheels are stuck? *spare tire intensifies*

    • @thefailingstudent
      @thefailingstudent 6 лет назад +28

      deflate the tires to 15 psi and try again, or traction mats. Not a new question for offroaders.

    • @u9Nails
      @u9Nails 6 лет назад +26

      Spool out the winch! (I'm trying to say that in my most heroic voice)

    • @hewlett260
      @hewlett260 6 лет назад +24

      If all four tires are stuck then you either need to
      A) document this location for me to go have some fun at in my Jeep or
      B) change the driver because they may not be very good at what they were attempting

    • @theflipflopfabshop
      @theflipflopfabshop 6 лет назад +28

      Chris 5112003 well if all four tires were stuck this probably means you weren’t driving a toyota

    • @lordbry470
      @lordbry470 6 лет назад +5

      LMAO at hewlett260. this is pretty true, our problem was fixed during this one day tour on Renno by simply switchin the driver.

  • @garnetcampbell4389
    @garnetcampbell4389 6 лет назад +2

    Manual locking hubs and manual shifting transfer case that does not require wires or hoses that will work every time is a must in my book.

    • @kurtishelgesen
      @kurtishelgesen 5 месяцев назад

      On a G the hubs are actually always locked. Can’t break them when there’s nothing to lock or unlock.

  • @GUYANESEGT
    @GUYANESEGT 6 лет назад +75

    you only wanted to impress the ladies with that dumbbell :-P

    • @getbusylivenordien5394
      @getbusylivenordien5394 6 лет назад +2

      I laughed at the dumbbell as I really knew the guy does not know how a locked Diff works lol
      This guy knows enough to talk and sound smart and not enough to sound like he has actually even driven a 4x4 to know how they work

    • @quackman
      @quackman 6 лет назад +6

      ^ What was wrong about what he said in the video?

    • @nc3826
      @nc3826 6 лет назад +9

      Ignore the brainless troll

    • @arayleche3468
      @arayleche3468 6 лет назад

      Get busy Live'n or Die'n, "I laughed at the dumbbell as I really knew the guy does not know how a locked Diff works" HAHAHA you are the one who does not understand what a locked differential really work. Are you just an Automotive mechanic? Don't give your comment unless you are a Professional Mechanical Engineer 'coz only Professional Mechanical Engineers do the designing thing. Mechanics only maintain what the Mechanical Engineers design, unless you are a Mechanic who have great intelligence in mechanical designing, but then that makes you again in the level of Mechanical Design Engineers doesn't it? The guy here is correct about the dumbbell sample, and I wouldn't argue with that. If you don't agree with me, then that is your technical weakness and that is your problem.

    • @NovaScotiaKevin
      @NovaScotiaKevin 5 лет назад +2

      @@arayleche3468 Careful going around boosting professional engineers. They arent too well respected in circles outside their own. Id also be careful saying mechanics are at a different intelligence level then engineers, its often the mechanics who have to work around the whacked out engineers designs.

  • @SouthMainAuto
    @SouthMainAuto 6 лет назад +109

    Sure is hard to beat gear to gear transfer case and high pinion locking solid axles :)

    • @jakeaustin9894
      @jakeaustin9894 6 лет назад +3

      Oh look! Eric O. is in the house!

    • @ghost-jesus
      @ghost-jesus 6 лет назад +4

      NP205 and NP203 are best transfer cases for their particular applications

    • @ghost-jesus
      @ghost-jesus 5 лет назад +5

      @Rusty Climber you didn't read the for their applications part clearly, a 203 is awesome in a pickup because you usually don't even have use the locked position and you can pull a load around a muddy field then pull out on the highway generally without shifting a lever and unlocking the hubs or backing up 3 car lengths or whatever 4wd disengage action the particular truck would use, plus as long as some dumbass hasn't done a part-time conversion on it it's stronger than the rest of the powertrain, the 205 is obviously good since its literally bombproof in general, both cases will tear the driveshafts or axles apart before the case will give if taken care of, on top of that the low range is made up for by having a larger, lower revving engine and usually a 6-7:1 first gear a Dana 300 is excellent in a jeep application because the transmission only has 3-4:1first gear and the t-case compensates by having a deeper low gear, the extra strength of the np203 and 205 cases aren't needed since the vehicle will never be loaded enough to use it and with the small engines the added weight could be detrimental to performance, not an issue on a truck with a large engine easily capable of carrying the case.

    • @rxonmymind8362
      @rxonmymind8362 5 лет назад

      @@ghost-jesus
      Yeah! What he ^^^ said! Take THAT! 😁

    • @jjjsmith2497
      @jjjsmith2497 5 лет назад

      I thought I saw that logo and said...wait:0

  • @BatmanRZ
    @BatmanRZ 3 года назад +17

    so basically, he doesnt actually tell you the best one

    • @fouellet1701
      @fouellet1701 3 года назад +3

      There is no "best" system as it depends on what you need it for! This is why most manufacturers offer systems that are highly computerized in order to control what the wheels do according to the situation. The original Jeep concept with a 2-speed transfer case evolved into a variety of sophistication including central differentials and power transfer units that can be programmed. For off-road usage the simple full-time all wheel drive with transfer case is the most effective, especially if you have locking differentials.

    • @BrokeWrench
      @BrokeWrench 3 года назад +1

      @@fouellet1701 for serious offroaders a simple 4x4 with low range and locked axles is most capable. The ability to unlock them is appreciated only because binding while turning can cause damage and reduce maneuverability and sometimes keeping traction on 1 wheel can be helpful to avoid sliding on a slope

    • @kg0173
      @kg0173 3 года назад

      Part time, simple, robust.

  • @SickFlicksTrick
    @SickFlicksTrick 6 лет назад +1

    This is great, thanks for explaining it all so simply. When I first got into off roading this was pretty hard to get my head around, if I had a video like this to watch it would have saved me a lot of Googling and head scratching staring at diagrams.

  • @4LO4LO
    @4LO4LO 4 года назад +1

    My Cherokee had the following modes: 2WD, locked center diff (part-time 4WD), and a viscous coupling center diff (full-time 4WD), and limited slip front and rear diffs. This viscous coupling setting ("full-time" 4WD) was awesome on icy roads, because you could safely leave it on without breaking traction every time you made a turn, but you still got good traction when some of the wheels were on ice. It did really well when there were repeated transitions from/to ice & dry pavement. It was better for mud than my wrangler Rubicon, partly because of this system, but mostly because of the lower weight.

  • @vegasxventures
    @vegasxventures 6 лет назад +6

    The Quadra Drive II system in my Jeep Commander has the only limitation of tires that cannot grip.

    • @robertperciballi3357
      @robertperciballi3357 4 года назад

      Same for my 5.7 Commander lol

    • @kelvinstrickland7442
      @kelvinstrickland7442 3 года назад

      My 2002 jeep Grand Cherokee Laredo 4×4 has high and low and it cant get stuck with the 4 inch lift and 33 inch × 12.50 tires R17 rims and the 4.0 l6 engine which is Bullet Proof Will go through anything And over just about anything And done correctly cost a lot of money but like I wrote it wont get stuck so this is the best System By Far.He didn't say which was best so I did lol

  • @BrandonHaneline
    @BrandonHaneline 6 лет назад

    Great explanation!!

  • @AdilKhan-sh9fv
    @AdilKhan-sh9fv 4 года назад

    this channel is quickly becoming my favourite. Thanks for the ELI5 type videos, newbie offroader here.

  • @danieljensen2626
    @danieljensen2626 6 лет назад +63

    I'm curious why we haven't seen any major electric vehicles aimed at off-roading, since their low end torque seems pretty ideal, and for the type that has a motor in each wheel you can do torque vectoring like this as long as you can control power distribution to each motor separately.

    • @-._._._-_._._.-
      @-._._._-_._._.- 6 лет назад +39

      Battery life and reliability. Most people that build off road trucks want to be able to go out for at least a weekend, some longer. As for races, they get really long, and the batteries needed would be too heavy.
      They already have electric dirt bikes though, so its probably going to happen eventually.

    • @bliesberg
      @bliesberg 6 лет назад +25

      Electric vehicles are a lot less convenient, It's easy to get a spare jerry can from someone (or bring your own) out on a trail, but I doubt anyone is carrying around a charging station you can plug into for a few hours.

    • @danieljensen2626
      @danieljensen2626 6 лет назад +1

      Yeah, I'm not necessarily talking about something to compete with people who build their own stuff or for racing, just like a mass produced electric SUV that's less like a minivan and more like a Jeep or a truck.

    • @sun_dreaming
      @sun_dreaming 6 лет назад +8

      They're coming my friend. Check out the Bollinger B1

    • @bliesberg
      @bliesberg 6 лет назад

      He was talking about a full electric vehicle though.

  • @jonathan643
    @jonathan643 6 лет назад +41

    Alot of EE lately! Which is good 👍

  • @ChristopherGaul
    @ChristopherGaul 6 лет назад +1

    Good video, and I'm glad you referenced your AWD video in it so that people can see the difference.
    It would be nice to see a discussion of other systems and hybrid 4WD/AWD systems.
    I would also mention that a nice addendum to this video would be one covering the types of locking differentials and hybrid lockers like the GM G80 which give the driver the best of both worlds.

  • @kennethstanley9400
    @kennethstanley9400 6 лет назад +2

    I always catch your videos because instead of just showing a DIY repair, you explain what is going on which gives me more in depth understanding. Good job!

  • @hansbro21
    @hansbro21 6 лет назад +6

    What Jason owns a dumbbell? Perfect condition never used :)

  • @MuscleCarLover
    @MuscleCarLover 6 лет назад +5

    Bonus points for the jab at Fast & Furious, that was a good laugh

  • @DigitalJeremy
    @DigitalJeremy 6 лет назад

    Always engaging, always quality. Love the education!!

  • @tylerr7437
    @tylerr7437 6 лет назад

    awesome job. i love how you make things easily understandable

  • @angelsordevils
    @angelsordevils 6 лет назад +7

    Dumbbell explanation was brilliant. Thank you for all the great content.

  • @siveti15
    @siveti15 4 года назад +6

    6:11 for fast n furious joke

  • @chefrara
    @chefrara 5 лет назад

    As always, a great video. Straight to the point. Adequate example/explanation. Thanks again!

  • @Lifelite
    @Lifelite 6 лет назад +1

    Totally new to your videos, but they are really great! Definitely one of my favorite channels now.

  • @TheLearthur
    @TheLearthur 6 лет назад +4

    "fnf will make it happen"
    made my day

  • @alkiou3613
    @alkiou3613 6 лет назад +8

    When electric off roaders become a thing this conversation will be much more interesting.

    • @TM-lw8wn
      @TM-lw8wn 5 лет назад +1

      especially the water proofing aspects.

    • @gabiold
      @gabiold 4 года назад

      @@TM-lw8wn Sealing wiring and electronics is ten times easier than moving parts.

  • @georgeserrano8354
    @georgeserrano8354 5 лет назад

    Thank you for your comprehensive explanation. I always wondered about the differences and could never get an accurate explanation. Understanding that different manufacturers approached with their version made it very confusing for me ti even pose my questions properly.

  • @zamboni68
    @zamboni68 5 лет назад +3

    And the ZR2 featured in your promo video. Transfer case is _____? Has locking front and rear differentials. Awesome vid!,

  • @KrisBendix
    @KrisBendix 6 лет назад +5

    How about an electric drive for each wheel?

    • @wildbill23c
      @wildbill23c 6 лет назад +1

      I think that's how the Toyota Rav4 AWD system works if I recall it had electric motors on the back wheels on their Hybrid AWD's, maybe even on the regular ones too, never really looked at one.

  • @raychat2816
    @raychat2816 6 лет назад +3

    Since going off road is in big part a sport, aka FUN for the driver ( presumably human, so able to experience fun ) the best off road system would be one where absolute control over which diff is open or closed at ALL TIMES is given to said human driver, as opposed to letting mentioned driver fight computers over control, ruining the FUN factor --> ESSENCE of going off road for most people, I'm sure self driving cars wouldn't mind having to deal with AI deciding what happens when ... as for people who simply don't know how to drive off road, it's just not your thing, there ARE people for whom it IS

    • @olliehopnoodle4628
      @olliehopnoodle4628 6 лет назад

      That's what I did and it is a blast. I swapped in an Atlas transfer case and have air lockers on both axles. I went with the 2.0 case so my options are 2.0, 2.72, 5.44 and of course 1 to 1. They are twin stick so I can decide which axle gets power. I have a bunch of fun running sand washes in rear wheel only and 2 to 1 on the transfer case. And when I come up to a waterfall or rock garden I can attempt it in 2wd low if I want or progress up to 4wd, 4wd one axle locked or 4wd both axles locked. This can make even simpler obstacles a bit more fun. But I also wheel with folks who don't want to fuss with any of it and enjoy a higher level of automation.

    • @raychat2816
      @raychat2816 6 лет назад

      that looks like a sweet setup ;) , now don't get me wrong, the video does what it is supposed to do quite well, explaining engineering but sadly, this engineering prowess is driving the car industry into creating cars specifically for a single type of people ( those who most probably aren't car people and who might sue if a scratch happens ), and under that pretext, more and more control is taken away from the driver and given to AI, leaving enthusiasts with the only option to look into the glorious past for some genuine fun.
      Car executives today wouldn't find it unnatural to tell people who like horseback riding to ride a bike instead because it's the "same thing" only faster and newer, plus it's better as far as economy goes, after all a horse consumes energy even when not "in use" ... plus there's no way to change the built-in muffler.

    • @thefailingstudent
      @thefailingstudent 6 лет назад

      soo true man! i think many people forget driving is actually fun! people think its a chore now. One day i hope tesla makes a off road car. i want to see its ai drive off a cliff!

  • @brandonrodriguez748
    @brandonrodriguez748 4 года назад

    For someone who is interested in buying a 4x4 all this talk about differentials and locks and different types of drive trains you break it down into detail and direct thank you very much! Looking forward to seeing more of your videos!

  • @Macrotechee1107
    @Macrotechee1107 6 лет назад

    Awesome vid, great level of detail.

  • @agentsmith3608
    @agentsmith3608 6 лет назад +18

    Fast and furious is able to make it happen! Don't we know it! lol

  • @loot7206
    @loot7206 6 лет назад +8

    So use lockers off road...... explained

  • @pauloleary9464
    @pauloleary9464 4 года назад +1

    These videos are super helpful. Thank you for putting these together. In our house, we're consolidating cars since we live in a city now and don't really need two. Unfortunately it means my BRZ has to go. Fortunately, it means I get to pick what we get next. Maybe a new Bronco? Now I get to learn about the wonderful world of SUVs, 4WD systems, and everything that comes with it!

  • @NJSInstructional
    @NJSInstructional 2 года назад +1

    Great video. Does the Transfer Case (part time 4wd or centre diff locked full time 4wd) generally split Torque 50-50% to front and rear diffs? Or does it act like a cross axle differential lock and allow for 100% torque (neglecting losses in the powertrain), to be split to either front or rear differentials? Most literature mention a 50-50% split front and rear, however, if it locks the RPM then it should act like a locked differential? Can you clarify? Thank you.

  • @djnazgra
    @djnazgra 6 лет назад +14

    Lada niva. Amen.

    • @Lymos524254
      @Lymos524254 6 лет назад +6

      That car in off-road is like Jesus walking on water.

    • @marko3254
      @marko3254 5 лет назад

      Nice thing is that they still build it, i have just bought a new one.Really good off road:)

  • @dickJohnsonpeter
    @dickJohnsonpeter 5 лет назад +4

    This just made me wish I could afford lockers for my xj

    • @dylanashley799
      @dylanashley799 4 года назад

      𖥠 ꧁Æ♱ℍᴲᮄℜᴲⅅ꧂𖥠 same the open diff is it’s greatest downfall

  • @lror
    @lror 6 лет назад

    Great stuff man 👍

  • @Padoinky
    @Padoinky 5 лет назад

    This was very helpful - thank you

  • @HEINZUNIMOG
    @HEINZUNIMOG 6 лет назад +5

    the Mercedes Unimog hands-down the best drive system there is

    • @Martink9191
      @Martink9191 4 года назад

      unimog benefit is only big tires and portal axles. Lock on all differentials are more common.
      But how many cars or trucks do you know, where the tyre presure controlled from cabin? Well russain Zil131 has it from factory.

  • @sergeantspeed5941
    @sergeantspeed5941 6 лет назад +3

    At about the :30 mark you said front middle and Center differential I think you meant to say front center and rear

  • @mytv86
    @mytv86 6 лет назад +2

    You make things so simple to understand! Thank you! Interesting stuff.

  • @JBPerformanceTV
    @JBPerformanceTV 6 лет назад +1

    "Fast n Furius will make happen" killed me 🤣

  • @BikerTrashWolf
    @BikerTrashWolf 6 лет назад +5

    Best 4x4 system? FZJ80 land cruiser.

  • @alexmoore5970
    @alexmoore5970 6 лет назад +8

    Jason didn't you make one of these videos about 2yrs ago?

    • @Lebberg
      @Lebberg 6 лет назад

      thats what I was thinking

  • @Approx_99
    @Approx_99 6 лет назад +1

    Question: my 91 jeep xj has a full-time and part time 4x4 setting on the transmission. I'm told the part-time 4x4 setting lock the wheels so they turn together, but I'm also told that this isn't a true locking differential. Can you explain?

    • @TheSterlingArcher16
      @TheSterlingArcher16 5 лет назад

      The part time probably locks the front and rear axles together, but there’s likely an open front and rear differential so side to side the tires can spin at different rates.

  • @XxNoPantsxX
    @XxNoPantsxX 6 лет назад

    Hey there! Would love to see a video on opposed-piston engines (OPOC). The concept isn't new but is currently receiving an additional push from engineering communities

  • @transporter_tv
    @transporter_tv 6 лет назад +10

    front middle and center differentials? XD good video anyways

    • @ariellezen4683
      @ariellezen4683 6 лет назад +2

      You do have center difs, hey...

    • @nicodache
      @nicodache 6 лет назад +2

      and you also have rear diffs, which someone apparently forgot somewhere :D

    • @connorbesson488
      @connorbesson488 6 лет назад +5

      What part of that doesnt make sense?

    • @Shit_I_Missed.
      @Shit_I_Missed. 6 лет назад +2

      it's hard to have a center differential and a middle differential, they're in the same location!

    • @loopduplicate
      @loopduplicate 5 лет назад

      Yeah, at 0:30 he says "front, middle, and center differentials" but he meant to say "front, rear, and center differentials".

  • @scottb7835
    @scottb7835 6 лет назад +3

    They got front to back. And side to side.

  • @gogamesgroup4424
    @gogamesgroup4424 6 лет назад

    That dumbbell example was really helpful. Thank you!

  • @curtwatson9673
    @curtwatson9673 6 лет назад

    I look for your videos every day after work. Never learned so much.

  • @ZylonFPV
    @ZylonFPV 6 лет назад +6

    Electric cars with one motor per wheel would probably be the best four wheel system. 0 differentials required! Then all the power can go to the wheel with the most traction and steering wouldn’t be affected since the wheels wouldn’t be locked together. A computer can calculate the steering angle and apply appropriate power to each wheel. Crapper 4wd systems use brakes to slow down spinning wheels which this system wouldn’t need.

    • @forrest225
      @forrest225 6 лет назад +6

      Not necessarily. If you have one motor per wheel, you can only send 25% of the vehicle's torque to that wheel. If you have a vehicle with a single electric motor or engine and a conventional locking 4WD system, you can send 100% of the vehicle's torque to a single wheel.

    • @PatrickRich
      @PatrickRich 6 лет назад

      bingo

    • @ZylonFPV
      @ZylonFPV 6 лет назад +1

      Not necessarily, often in electric vehicles the battery is the limiting factor. So each motor might be able to produce close to full torque

    • @animefreak5757
      @animefreak5757 6 лет назад +1

      why would they build the motor's almost 4 times bigger then necessary? If the battery is the limiting factor, they'd simply use a smaller, cheaper motor

    • @DevasionX
      @DevasionX 6 лет назад

      >Wheel slippage, heat, low speed operation, repeated high torque/load demands would deplete a power source in no time. Plus not be able to give more than 25% of the total power of the vehicle to one wheel. Subaru's Symmetrical AWD system always shits on it.

  • @tagusan8999
    @tagusan8999 6 лет назад +3

    I like rice

  • @chengteh
    @chengteh 3 года назад

    I've always wondered what all the differential modes on the G-Wagon did...I don't really have any experience with off-road driving, so this was a great explanation! Thanks for sharing!

  • @tomcardale5596
    @tomcardale5596 6 лет назад +2

    Three, lockable automatic torque biasing (e.g. Torsen or Quaife) differentials.
    Or individual electric wheel motors.

  • @walidnetfa
    @walidnetfa 4 года назад +5

    The best 4WD system is a good experienced driver!

  • @leito1996
    @leito1996 6 лет назад +21

    Locking diffs are expensive and manufactures think that no one will notice if they skip them. Look at the Subaru, pathetic. BMWs with over 200HP through rear axle and no LSD, pathetic.

    • @markrich3271
      @markrich3271 6 лет назад

      Not really you can get a mechanical locking diff for 600$ to a mini spool that will lock your diff for 80$

    • @thefailingstudent
      @thefailingstudent 6 лет назад

      I dont have locking diffs on my jeep and i keep up with the locked jeeps on trail runs just fine! I learnt to rely one the offroad system(bld) in the jeep

    • @nibrobb
      @nibrobb 6 лет назад +1

      abusive 303 if you've ever driven a car with an open differential, you would have noticed.. My car has one, and in the winter it's plain awful to drive; getting stuck f*ing everywhere.
      Not even fun to "drift"; spinning only one tire is boring

    • @leito1996
      @leito1996 6 лет назад +2

      Robin Kristiansen I said manufacturers THINK that no one will notice. Most car guys certainly feel the difference. And yes I was talking about LSDs and not manually locking diffs.

    • @gustafpeyron
      @gustafpeyron 6 лет назад

      He means selectable locker obviously. Selectable lockers can get expensive, probably $1000+ option. lsds or spools and what not are cheap af

  • @drumjedi5301
    @drumjedi5301 6 лет назад

    No one manages to make the physics of all this more easily understandable than you, Dude. Keep it up!

  • @ec6933
    @ec6933 6 лет назад

    Hey Jason, could you explain (I think it's diagram 3) instead of an open front locked rear, what would the benefit be if you had say, an open front, rear limited slip? I still don't understand my 2001 Wrangler has a rear limited slip... Open front... But no lockers ...

  • @stretchhfab7315
    @stretchhfab7315 5 лет назад +3

    Best four wheel drive is knowing how to drive in the first place

  • @DanielBlomqvist
    @DanielBlomqvist 6 лет назад +4

    The best 4WD system is obviously one electric motor for each wheel.

    • @TheCalgarycanuck
      @TheCalgarycanuck 5 лет назад

      Waterproof electric motors?

    • @Sentido-Critico
      @Sentido-Critico 5 лет назад

      Harvey Millar yes, waterproof electric motors. Just as submersible pumps that have been working for decades underwater..
      I think all the electric connections battery to motor and plugs etc etc will be more complicated (adding cost) to protect.

  • @Chillwaving
    @Chillwaving 6 лет назад

    I don’t know how he does it but he just explains the most complex things and makes sense out of it. Well done 👍

  • @Hansca
    @Hansca 6 лет назад

    Excellent video. Thank you!

  • @kiausiuslt99
    @kiausiuslt99 6 лет назад +11

    You didnt answer the question

    • @EngineeringExplained
      @EngineeringExplained  6 лет назад +16

      Yes, I did, that’s what the entire video is about...

    • @jonathantrevino2899
      @jonathantrevino2899 6 лет назад +6

      Engineering Explained maybe he means the question: "what is love?"

    • @Thirsty_Fox
      @Thirsty_Fox 6 лет назад +2

      I suspect Saulius Vas was expecting a make and model, rather than the best 4WD system as per the title.

    • @Mort3nB
      @Mort3nB 6 лет назад

      The answer is Quattro, the old style used on Audi 200, 100 C4, s2 etc.

    • @DuhByrd
      @DuhByrd 6 лет назад +3

      Saulius Vas the best 4wd system is the one in which all diffs have the ability to lock. He wasn't saying which specific vehicles version is better than the next just simply if youre looking for an off roading vehicle look for one with diffs that all lock 👊

  • @kartboarder22g17
    @kartboarder22g17 6 лет назад +7

    The best is an electric motor at every tire.

  • @laminarflow51
    @laminarflow51 6 лет назад +1

    The Eaton G80 automatic locking rear differentials on the Z71's are pretty slick. It uses centrifugal fly weights that lock the rear diff when one wheel spins too much faster than the other. I never need to manually lock or unlock the differential.

  • @dranel91
    @dranel91 5 лет назад

    I love your videos. Thanks a lot!

  • @dTheHammerb
    @dTheHammerb 6 лет назад +5

    Subaru; Nuff' said.

  • @agcamprubi4544
    @agcamprubi4544 6 лет назад +9

    Land Rover all day

    • @whiffy506
      @whiffy506 6 лет назад +1

      AG Camprubi gee finally. Looks like no one has driven one here

    • @DazBochiz
      @DazBochiz 6 лет назад +7

      And then a Landcruiser to get you home ;)

    • @agcamprubi4544
      @agcamprubi4544 6 лет назад

      DazBochiz
      Exact. But only if the Landcruiser manages to get out of the mud ;)

    • @jayaneyon9316
      @jayaneyon9316 6 лет назад +2

      AG Camprubi Jeep. Land Rover is for pretending you can go off-road and looking rich.

    • @DazBochiz
      @DazBochiz 6 лет назад +1

      jaya neyon nah thats a range rover

  • @EpicManaphyDude
    @EpicManaphyDude 6 лет назад

    love the video man keep it up

  • @johnarcher9480
    @johnarcher9480 5 лет назад +2

    Jeep QuadraDrive (specifically QuadraDrive II before 2011)
    Automatically goes from open diffs (including transfer case) to limited slip, to locked.
    Thereby allowing it to be in 4WD at all times, even on dry pavement. But could fully lock 1 or both axles and the transfer case if needed, or just engage a Limited slip mode.
    Additionally, you could put the transfer case in low range which would also preemptively lick the transfer case as well.
    Open when best for open, limited when useful, locked when needed with no input from the driver other than NOT lifting if a wheel started to spin.

    • @stuartbaker3326
      @stuartbaker3326 5 лет назад

      I agree. Even my 04 overland is hard to beat in general. The problem with lockers, is that they actually induce wheel slip at times. There are many times that a lsd will be the best overall traction. I prove it quit often.

    • @drummerdoingstuff5020
      @drummerdoingstuff5020 4 года назад

      Sounds like a nightmare if it malfunctions

  • @daddychill7776
    @daddychill7776 6 лет назад +4

    Toyota trd pro system

    • @wildbill23c
      @wildbill23c 6 лет назад +1

      Nothing spectacular about that at all. There's nothing the TRD Pro has that a stock Toyota Tundra or Tacoma or 4Runner don't have. Its just a bunch of over-priced stickers and some stiffer shocks and wheels and tires.
      Lockers are an option on all of them BTW, may not be a factory option but they're available aftermarket which is what I'd get anyways and skip the dealer/brand markup.

    • @wildbill23c
      @wildbill23c 6 лет назад

      Yes as an option. Not standard equipment.

    • @wildbill23c
      @wildbill23c 6 лет назад

      So yes you are kind of right depending on option packages it looks like.
      Actually they don't. TRD Off-Road models utilize part-time 4WD with Active Traction Control (A-TRAC), while Limited 4WD is equipped with a full-time 4WD system featuring A-TRAC and Torsen® 41 limited-slip center differential with locking feature...right off the Toyota 4Runner Page.
      funny you pay for an "Offroad" model and it doesn't come with a locking differential, but the limited edition does.
      Looks like they decided to bring back the locking diff option in the 2018 Tacoma in the TRD Offroad Pro model. None of the other Tacomas have the locking diff option....so its going to only be a very slim few that come with it.

    • @wildbill23c
      @wildbill23c 6 лет назад

      Not all TRD offroad models have lockers. The Tundra does not, and certain models of other TRD's do not as well. For a couple years the Locker was still optional on TRD's. Gotta be careful which ones you look at and buy, not all are created equal, and TRD Offroad doesn't mean they'll have the locker.

  • @WesleyVong
    @WesleyVong 6 лет назад +4

    Hahaha.... not first

  • @Renee1207
    @Renee1207 3 года назад

    Thank you for this video! The dumbbell example was really helpful!

  • @sirfrankthegreat544
    @sirfrankthegreat544 6 лет назад +1

    My favourite AWD system is still that one in Lancer Evo X..heheh..and that one was explained in this channel too. I like it.

  • @DanLMH
    @DanLMH 6 лет назад +3

    quattro 🔥

    • @christate3523
      @christate3523 6 лет назад

      Quattro is an almost meaningless term used for AWD (not 4wd). There is about 4 different AWD systems under the Quattro name and the most common one uses the haldex system which is one of the worst AWD setups

  • @mohammadarabsson6280
    @mohammadarabsson6280 6 лет назад +28

    Audi 👌Quattro.... simply....
    Maybe x_drive hhhhhhh 😛

    • @JoelinoPT
      @JoelinoPT 6 лет назад +26

      Audi Quattro is AWD, not 4WD. This video is about 4WD.

    • @EngineeringExplained
      @EngineeringExplained  6 лет назад +60

      Haha, it sounds like the marketing teams have done their job with you. Don’t believe the hype just because of cool terminology. :)

    • @berengerchristy6256
      @berengerchristy6256 6 лет назад +5

      and for the price you might as well get a subaru, but if you're shopping for an audi you're looking for the brand on the car, not the car under the brand

    • @pallusubaru
      @pallusubaru 6 лет назад +5

      uhh which Quattro, they range from simple selectable lockers to overly complicated and useless Haldex systems, and everything in between

    • @ZennybearOG
      @ZennybearOG 6 лет назад +2

      Had to tow 3 audi quattro in my life with my subie..

  • @zoli124mb
    @zoli124mb 6 лет назад +1

    Hello. I have a question. The diesel engines has revving always slower than the gasoline ones. Why? For exanple my car's engine is oversquare but his rev limit is only 5100(OM601 but I want to replace it with an OM606). Can you explain this? Excuse me for my english

    • @giann3021
      @giann3021 6 лет назад +1

      I'll quote a reply from a guy on Quora "This is because diesel is a slow burning fuel and has lots of ignition delay. For higher RPMs you need a fuel which can burn fast enough. For Diesels it is difficult to burn efficiently anything above 5k-5.5 k RPM… although there are experimental diesel engines which run at 7k RPM..but for all practical purpose..5k RPM is the limit…also because Diesel engine is much heavier.." It is heavier because it needs to resist higher compression compared to gasoline engines, which causes more vibration at higher rpms.

    • @zoli124mb
      @zoli124mb 6 лет назад

      Gian N thank you

  • @Jaymac720
    @Jaymac720 6 лет назад +1

    Can you do a video on Acura’s SuperHandling All-Wheel Drive system?

  • @MrRikrdorm
    @MrRikrdorm 6 лет назад +3

    Subaru sAWD is the best AWD out there.

  • @skookapalooza2016
    @skookapalooza2016 3 года назад

    This is the best explanation I've ever seen of this concept. Great vid.

  • @ncrdisabled
    @ncrdisabled 6 лет назад

    Great video !!!

  • @BigHeadClan
    @BigHeadClan 6 лет назад +1

    Would love to see a practical test covering AWD & 4WD cars across the various segments, say Infiniti Intellegent AWD, VS BMW Xdrive vs Quatro etc.
    A lot of work involved to be sure but would be awesome to see.

  • @Goucho1uk
    @Goucho1uk 6 лет назад

    @Engineering Explained Hey there I have the 2017 UK Ssangyong Turismo 4x4 AKA Rodius. It is Rear 2WD in normal conditions. I have a switch for 4x4 LR and HR gears. When I drive my car using 4x4 I can't turn. It seems that I can only use 4x4 in a straight line. I was told when I purchased the vehicle that I could drive it in 4x4 mode. I actually think that it is Locked Diff 4x4 meaning that when I try to turn it causes stress on the drive shafts. Could you look into this for me because the car is a 7 seat people carrier and not an off-road vehicle. As far as I know this type of gearbox is no good for highway driving if you engage the 4x4 system?

  • @The_R-n-I_Guy
    @The_R-n-I_Guy 4 года назад

    The dumbbell was a good explanation of the torque. I really never thought of it before but now I understand

  • @braggland8451
    @braggland8451 3 года назад +1

    Can’t say It’s the best considering I have not used all of them but the 4wd system I had on my hummer H3 was great. It went through everything I throw at it.

  • @khalid969
    @khalid969 Год назад

    I watched several videos on the subject, and many of the viewers over there said that the explanations were amazing, but I personally found them confusing. Only this video explained everything very clearly. I have no questions or queries. Thank you.

  • @irwanzainal9033
    @irwanzainal9033 3 года назад

    Thanks for the details.
    It’s good information

  • @Tlrcorbin
    @Tlrcorbin 3 года назад +1

    I finally understand my land cruiser. Thank you 🙏

  • @lilbroinarizona4315
    @lilbroinarizona4315 3 года назад

    I will be sending people to this video. Great explanation and thank you for making it simple.

  • @s13one80
    @s13one80 6 лет назад +1

    Are those the same dumbbells that have you those massive guns??? Jk lol. Nice video breaking down the basics of 4WD systems 👍👍👍

  • @Bare_Essence
    @Bare_Essence 6 лет назад

    I understand there was a dumbbell there, but what were you holding :) Thanks, great video as usual.

  • @richardrohr5106
    @richardrohr5106 4 года назад

    Can you please do a video explaining the difference between the two types of 4wd/awd? I'd like to see physical differences.

  • @johnathanhite3657
    @johnathanhite3657 6 лет назад +1

    Hi my name is Johnathan and I would like for you to do a video on fan cars the chaparral 2j and the Brabham BT46B both utilizing a fan to create excessive amounts of downforce by sucking air from underneath the car

  • @frenchys4005
    @frenchys4005 6 лет назад +2

    It should be noted that having a "full time" AWD system, like the G, is a better every day system. The issue with the Wrangler (which I own) is that you can't use (without possible damage) the 4WD system driving on paved roads, even in very wet conditions. The benefit of the G Wagon (which I also own) is that you have power front & rear all the time. If extra grip is needed, you push the center lock button and you now have a "part time" system. Having that option makes it the best 4wd system, IMHO.

    • @giann3021
      @giann3021 6 лет назад

      The G-wagen system offers the best grip at all times at the expense of fuel economy. You can't switch to 2WD to save fuel. AFAIK Mitsubishi has one system with selectable 2WD->AWD with open diff>4WD locked center diff. So you can keep 2WD on most of the time and switch to AWD when it's rainy on pavement. Also most vehicles won't have trouble in average situations with 2WD+traction control.

    • @giann3021
      @giann3021 6 лет назад

      Also I suppose running on 2WD would also get rid of that torque steer/harder steering feeling you get on FWD/AWD vehicles.