Passive Verbs Also Mean “Can” or “Can’t” | Korean FAQ
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- Опубликовано: 23 янв 2022
- Passive Voice is commonly used when making adjectives (to describe a noun), but it’s also used to express that you “can” or “can’t” do something. In this video I explain how to do that, and when you would want to use passive verbs instead of active verbs.
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This concept is so weird at first, but I think over time it's starting to make more sense to me!
I started noticing how often they use 기억 안 나다, instead of 기억 못 하다, like saying you don't remember something is actually the memory's fault because it doesn't come out
Very important video on this subject
Oh super interesting, i find 되다 the hardest verb to grasp in Korean for it's many many uses. Billy maybe do a video on emotions and how they are used with 하다 and 되다?
Check out ruclips.net/video/kuJsI5qNiIc/видео.html and ruclips.net/video/jeOJ-0-b80U/видео.html and ruclips.net/video/o8020gHf7G8/видео.html
I think of 되다 as "to [be]come". As such, 집중 안 되다 translates as "concentration isn't coming" (in this case, similar to 나다, like a comment below mentions with 기억 안 나다). This makes it seem out of my control.
Thanks for another useful video. Here's a suggestion for a future video: different Korean words for "life". In English, we can often use that one word, but it seems like there's a lot more in Korean, and I know that I sometimes use the wrong word and sound unnatural. Most of the ones I know of have the Sino-Korean root 생 in them, but there's also 목숨 and 인명. How interchangeable are some of these words, and what are their proper contexts? Thanks again for the video and for your time!
Oooh yes that would be interesting
Actually, in English we use passive verbs quite a lot in situations where we want to (consciously or unconsciously) avoid stating the subject (the one who did the action). We use it a lot in government documents (because the actual government officers are the ones who do the work but they're supposed to be faceless and it's weird to say the government will do it. For example, "your application will be issued within 100 days", "The environmental impact site will be assessed on-site"). Passive language is also used like this: "The toy got broken"(toddler language), the sweaters were lost at the sports carnival". Any scientist has used TONS of passive verbs because in science reports we're not supposed to say the person. Instead of "I poured the acid into the solution" (active), we say "The acid was poured into the solution" (passive). Passive English is IMHO useful BUT also really hard to read, so I avoid it as much as possible. I like Microsoft Word's grammar checker cos it encourages the writer to use active verbs, which is easier to understand. Plain English is superior English.
This is an interesting comment. Thanks for highlighting this.
I was in a class this morning where we were translating dialogue from a variety show, and got into some confusion about this exact concept, so I was able to share this video with my classmates. Thank you so much for providing these resources!
한국어의 피동 용법을 설명하는 외국선생님 놀랍습니다.
super helpful... i need to rewatch this a couple times. thank you!
설명 진짜 잘한다 와.... 토종 한국인으로서 진짜 놀랐어요 빌리선생님! 한국인들은 중학교 때 피동 접사에는 이,히,리,기가 있고, 피동 구문을 사용할 수도 있다고 배웁니다. 그리고 잠깐 미국 가서 미국인들이랑 생활하다가 행동이랑 사고가 나랑 다르구나를 어느 순간 깨달으면서 생각하게 된 게 있는데, 한국어는 전통적으로 능동(active)형으로 문장을 끝낸다고 배우지만, 일제 일본어 영향인지 현대에 와서 사람들이 생각을 유보해서(reservere/defer one's judgment) 말하는 습관을 늘려서인지 모르겠지만, 이런 피동 형태 때문에 proactive한 행동이나 사고를 잘 하지 않는 것인지 의문을 갖게 됐어요. 영어에서, 특히 기사나 에세이 같은 writing에서, It is known... It is commonly said...같은 문장처럼, 한국어에서도 주관적인 내 의견이 아니라 객관성을 띈 사실이라고 말하고 싶을 때, 피동형을 쓰기도 해요.
한국어 문법에 대한 재발견과 영어 리스닝을 위해 자주 보고 있습니다. 유익한 방송 감사합니다^^
It's really helpful 💜
Like I've used them before but I've never thought of them as passives. Good to know thx a lot
I love these!!
설명하셔서 감사합니다. 어떤 한국어 교수님들은 이 주제에 대해 설명 못 하는 것 같더라고요
Is 기대하다 and 기대되다 also just a difference of active vs passive voice?
Yes, that would also be active and passive.
집에 돌아오자마자 문이 열렸거든 누가 열는지 모르겠어요
이 문법 엄청 어려워요 ㅠ
Hey Billy, In response to your request to ask questions, I'm not sure if this is 'video suitable', or just a stupid question, but here goes. I asked this on Reddit and was told that there is no pattern whatsoever. This seems strange to me, because in English there is always a pattern and reason why we say things in certain ways, if you study grammar with enough depth, so I kind of expect other languages to be similar in that regard, particularly with Korean, from what I know of Korean culture. Most English speakers just don't know the rules and reasons behind our grammar - they speak intuitively. So here goes:
I get confused between how different conjugations are joined to suffixes. For example:
이거 괜찮은지 봐 주세요. 봐 주세요 requires the ㅏ to join the 주세요 (verb+verb) - standard.
내일 말해 줘도 괜찮아요? 줘도 requires the ㅓ to join the 도.
내일 일요일이어서 일 안 할 거예요. 이어서 requires 이어 to join the 서.
앞으로 잘 부탁드림나다. 앞으로 requires 으 to join the 로.
어차피 늦었으니까 천천히 와. 늦었으니까 requires 으 to join 니까.
카페 문을 닫으려나 봐요. 닫으려나 requires 으 to join 려나
제가 이거 도와 주는 대신에, 다음 번에 제가 부탁이 있으면 들어 줘야 돼요. 있으면 requires 으 to join 면.
Of course, the list of various suffixes to join with either (ㅓ/ㅏ) or (으) goes on...and on...and on...
I understand the various rules of conjugation for each sentence, per say. My question isn't about the individual rules for each expression structure. What I'd like to know is whether or not there are any overarching rules for how various suffixes are added. Verbs+verbs always join with a ㅓ or ㅏ. But various added suffixes appear to me to be rather random in how they are applied between the ㅓ/ㅏ or 으 as a joiner. I'm trying to help myself remember whether it's a (ㅓ/ㅏ) or a (으) that joins the various suffixes. An overarching general rule would be nice, so that I can understand how these suffixes are joined, so therefore I wouldn't have to remember each of the dozens and dozens of suffix additions by rote, separately.
Thanks Billy. Whether you answer here or by separate video, either is fine. I'm subscribed, so I watch (and like) almost all your videos. :-))
This might help you: ruclips.net/video/3SA0hgCOZ_U/видео.html
@@GoBillyKorean Thanks for the reply. Interesting video. All your videos are interesting and entertaining. :-)) I didn't know the history or how Korean people referred to them, but in my own brain, I'd vaguely thought of them as 'broad' and 'narrow' vowels, similar in nature to the categorisation of English 'long' and 'short' vowels.
There always has to be a vowel between certain consonants in Korean, of course. I was curious to know why which vowel was chosen. Why sometimes the ㅏ/ㅓ group, and sometimes 으. For example, why is it 먹으면, 먹으로, 먹으니까, 먹으려나, 먹으라고, but 먹어도, 먹어 보다, 먹어서. Why not 먹어면, 먹어로, 먹어니까, 먹어려나, 먹어라고, but 먹으도, 먹으 보다, 먹으서? Or why not all ㅏ/ㅓ, or all 으?
I know that pronunciation has changed over the years to assist words to become easier to speak, which accounts for the pairing of ㅜ and ㅓ, ㅗ and ㅏ etc, and various consonants too (ㅂ/ㅜ), just like it happens in English. But arguably most of the above, correct and incorrect, sound reasonably equally pronounceable, so that seems unlikely. Therefore I was thinking that there was a grammar pattern I was missing. It must be pretty rare that there is no reason whatsoever.
Was this just Korean peoples ancestors throwing a coin in the air to decide which vowel to join the suffix with? Was it some sort of joining of dialects long ago that stuck variously? Is there a pattern to it?
I'm asking you because, while there are quite a few excellent teachers on RUclips, more than anyone else that I have seen, you seem to have quite an amazing repertoire of grammar usage knowledge coupled together with an excellent gift of being able to teach and explain very, very well. :-)) (Not to mention that magic reverse glass writing skill, lol!! )
@@fransmith3255 The reason it's 먹어도 and not 먹으도 is because 도 is a form that attaches to a conjugated verb, so the sound added has to do only with the verb itself. And the reason it's ~으니까 is because it does not come from a conjugated verb, so it only depends on the ending sound. These sounds are similar but are not related. Conjugated forms sometimes look the same, but not always. 모르다's verb stem is just 모르 while its conjugation could be 몰라.
@@GoBillyKorean Ah...so the 으 comes from the 니까, and not the preceding verb? I was kind of thinking along those lines, but it's difficult when there is no-one you can ask who understands the question, and there are no classes in my little rural area. Thank you. We learn all the grammar points, but just as individual isolated things. It's not understanding until you understand the the whole thing. Thanks Billy! There's a reason why the best second language teachers are generally second language learners (or ex). Almost all my English as a Second Language teachers at Uni were English as a second language learners. They've learnt by experience. :-))
Thank you for all your videos. I love this format, but sometimes I miss Ted. :-))
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