Just a few minor corrections: Mozarabic (descended from Latin and spoken by both Christians and Muslims in Iberia) was spoken in the 700s, not 700 years ago! Secondly Castilian Spanish is not the sole language spoken in the Iberian Peninsula, with languages like Portuguese, Catalan, Galician and Basque being spoken by millions of people.
Man, I was thinking the same thing! I can’t concentrate on hardly anything, I watched this all the way through and it was fun to watch. Keep going man! You’re doing a great job in my opinion and you’ll only get better!
"The Iberian Peninsula today Spanish is spoken"... What about Portuguese? Not to mention Catalan, Galician, Basque. ... "But if you're of the 15th Century Old Castilian is spoken"...What? Old Castilian was not even the language of the majority of the population by then Portuguese, Galician, Leonese, Basque, Aragonese, Catalan and Mozarabic were spoken. Castilian was spoken only on the central part of the peninsula between Galacian/Portuguese and Leonese to the west, Catalan to the east, Basque and Aragonese to the north and Mozarabic in the Granada kingdom in the south. You lost me in the intro but the video is interesting.
I find it astonishing that you did some research about the languages spoken in Iberia and then proceeded to say that people spoke Old Spanish in Portugal, Catalonia, Valencia, Balears, Galicia... Like please, don't erase our languages and culture. Btw 700 years is the 1300 and Mozarabic was dead by then, some people spoke Andalusian Arabic.
I'm sorry friend but you made a major mistake at the begining of the video. Iberia = the modern states of Portugal and Spain (and Andorra, and a little bit of France and a little bit of the UK). Hispania = the latin name for, about, the same territory. However, neither Iberia or Hispania = Spain, ok!? This is key. The territory that went on to unify and become modern Spain did so after Portugal's statehood. This means that Spain as a state is younger than Portugal which got papal recognition before them. Portugal was under the rule of the Phillips of Spain during 60 years - from 1580 to 1 december 1640. This means that, yes, those countries were in a sort of union during 60 of Portugal's whole 876 total years of existence as a nation. This Hispania = Spain is a major mistake that we see repeated in English-speaking media all the time. I love Spain and the spanish people, but that doesn't mean we should be ignorant of the past.
Portugul is older than Spain? The official language of Spain is Castilian aka Spanish. The County of Castile emerged in the early 9th century. Castile became a Kingdom. In the 11th century. 1035AD Portugul became a county in the 11th century. 1089AD Portugul became a Kingdom in the 12th century. 1139AD. Which Kingdom regained the most terrertory during the Reconquista, the Kingdom of Portugal or the Kingdom of Castile? Gracias. In 1492AD the remaining Christian Kingdoms united to become Spain, ,(Except for the Kingdom of Portugal) to honour Hispania. When they have just kept it as Castile.
Our Indo European ancestors (as in all Europeans) fought and died defending West and East Europa from peaceful Islamic immigration for centuries. The blood of our ancestors still runs through our veins. As a Spaniard of Galician heritage, today I'm Christian and speak Castilian aka Spanish instead of Arabic praying to Allah 20 times a day thanks to Visigothic Nobleman Don Pelayo. Valiant warrior King of the North. King of Asturias. Crowned KIng by the loyal men who fought alongside him. Seeder of the Reconquista and their descendants who continued forming small Christian Kingdoms in the North, fighting and resisting for 700 years. Generation to generation. (Instead of running away into France) slowly expanding until the whole of Iberia was free of the peaceful messengers of islam in 1492AD, when the remaining Christian Kingdoms united to become Spain. 🇪🇸 (Except for the Kingdom of Portugal 🇵🇹 because they're special but I still love them.) Muslims like to brag how they "ruled Iberia for 800 years. " But what they fail to mention is that the Reconquista pretty much started straight away. And that the tiny Christian Kingdoms of the North were not part of Al Andalus. They also fail to mention that by the 12th century (1100s) half of Hispania was back in Indo European Christian hands. And by the mid 13th century 96% of Hispania had been reconquered. They fail to mention that the islamic kingdom of Granada was allowed to remain as long as they paid tribute to the Kingdom of Castile. Until they made the mistake of attacking a Christian settlement in the late 15th century. Today the gates of Toledo have once again been opened into Europa and the West... *Reconquista II Intensifies* DEUS VULT! 🇪🇸 🇵🇹 🇵🇱 🇫🇷 🇩🇪 🇳🇴 🇸🇪 🇫🇮 🇳🇱 🇮🇹 🇬🇷 🇮🇪 🏴 🇬🇧 🇪🇺 🇷🇺 ✝️⚔ ☪️
well mainly 99´8% of territory is Spain and Portugal, is like to say the Alps mountains are in Monaco (which tecnically are) or that Spain is an african country because it has small percentage of land there.....
No part of the United Kingdom is on the Iberian Peninsula. To save replies back and forth, I'll clarify: Gibraltar is not part of the UK, it's a British Overseas Territory, like the Cayman Islands, Falklands, British Virgin Islands, etc.
hell yeah I can't lie it's so fucking refreshing to see a person of color coming up in this space, you're absolutely going places with content like this
@@bobbobb4804 Since when is pointing out factual information victim mentality? I can't stand when people project conservative complexes in conversations where it was non existent.
Really enjoyed this, fascinating, I was frantically taking notes - as it relates to something else. Really great graphics, and smooth delivery. Cheers.
I would just add than in pre-Roman Iberia there also was Hispano-celtic languages in the north-west quarter of the península. Indeed, Celtíberian people were a mixed tribe between Celts and Iberian. Hispano-celtic languages are Indo-European and Q-celtic, as Irish language. It also gave loanwords to Spanish language such as "caballo" (horse) and "conejo" (rabbit) among others. Maybe this could be an idea for a next video ;)
Celtiberians were not a mix. That misconception school books use to repeat acritically. The celtiberians were the celts of iberia. Romans call them that, and their language is aceltic one, one galaecians and lusitanians have an indoeuropean lrnaguage more close to thebitalic group than the celtic one. Also the galician nationalism, that in the xix th century search a celtic identity make a lot of harm with the popular spread of this acientificall theories.
I only have read gallaecian language be a Q-celtic one, similar to the rest of celtic languages in Hispania, not an italic one. Futhermore, celtic languages are indoeuropean. And all nationalisms and even the very same concept of modern nation comes from XIX century, no matter which nationalism or nation we are referring
@@MarioRodriguez-ow9rl Wich i mean with the galic8an nationalism its they acritically find in the cels their ancesters despite no historical evidence, common language or any other aspect that make galicians a celtic people. For example one the mantras of manuel murguia, galician nationalist and father of the galician celtism was "spain is iberian, but galicia is celtic"
@@juanbarbosasiguenza5883 Nobody knows for sure how gallaecian was. It disappeared long time ago and there are very few inscripcions. I assume you are using a reconstructed word for pig in gallaecian. Considering that gallaecian word is valid, you are showing they are indoeuropean because the three words you use has the common feature "orco", and simply gallaecian and latin has an initial "p". Finally, gallaecian is a Q-celtic language and gaulish a P-celtic language which can explain that difference. On the top of that, going to a different celtic language, Irish in Ireland, you have words such as "Rí" (king in English and "Rex" in latin), Ór (gold in English and "aurum" in latin), "Roth" (wheel in English and "Rota" in latin), Leigh (read in English and "Legere" in latin), "Scríobh" (write in English and "Scribe" in latin), "Leabhar" (book in English and "Liber" in latin), "Tarbh" (bull in English and "Taurus" in latin), "Cáis" (cheese in English and "Caseum" in latin), "Dia" (God in English and "Deum" in latin), "Cú" (Hound in English and "Canis" in latin)... so according to your reasoning and after these examples, Irish language is also an italic language instead of a Q-celtic language, isn´t it? I don´t think so, neither the majority of linguists
Amazing research and great graphics! I love your presentation. Maybe lower the volume of the "background" music because in some parts, it's competing with your voice.
Arroyo -> stream. Portuguese national here. Born and raised in Lisbon. I grew up in a Lisbon neighbourhood called Arroios. It was named so because, you guessed it, the area had many streams, which were covered and channeled through a tunnel system leading to the Tagus River to allow the area to be developed.
Very nice video, thank you! I am from Catalonia, i.e. from northeastern Iberian lands. I am not a language specialist but could appreciate some phonetical similarities between Iberian and Basque in the sample text provided. That might point to a common origin, because it goes well beyond loan words. I also noticed how the diphtongs seem to be consistent with the Catalan language, which evolved from Latin, more than Castilian (commonly known as Spanish), which also evolved from Latin but more to the west, away from Iberian lands, and subject to different influences. I mean that Catalan phonetics may be owing something to Iberian. There seem to be three mistakes at the beginning of the video, in the introduction. The first one is to say that, today, Spanish is spoken in the Iberian Peninsula, as if other languages were not, while they have millions of speakers, like Portuguese and Catalan (around 10M each). A second mistake is to say that in the 15th century, Castilian was spoken all over. As if it was different from Spanish, when it is the exact same language, since "Spanish" is just how Castilian is called internationally since the 17th century, when the Castilian empire seemed to encompass the whole Iberian Peninsula, i.e. Hispania (in Latin), though it didn't. Spain used to mean Hispania, not a nation. The Spanish Crown does not refer to one nation, but rather to the crown that came to reign over various different nations in Spain, understood as Hispania, not in today's sense of a nation that calls itself Spain. It is only during the 17th century that Castile appropriated the name of Spain, in its attempt to conquer and absorb all of the peninsula. Therefore, Castilian/Spanish, in the 15th century, was only spoken in half of the peninsula at most. A third mistake is when it is mentioned that "700 years AGO", Mozarabic was the main language in the Iberian Peninsula. I think it was meant to say "700 hundred years BEFORE" the 15th century. This mistake may also have been helped by the notion that Moors invaded the whole peninsula, basically, at the beginning of the seven hundreds. But that invasion, by a relatively small population, could never lead to an abrupt change in languages spoken, and the Moors would just as fast begin to be fought back, meaning their influence in the north was very short and didn't cause language substitution. Therefore, as Moorish power kept being pushed back towards the south, romance languages in the north gradually regained linguistic hegemony, each along the north-south axis (from westernmost Galician, to easternmost Catalan, through Astur-Leonese and Castilian in the broad mid strip of the peninsula). Notice that 700 years ago was year 1300, very late into the "Reconquista", which ended taking the kingdom of Grenade in 1492. By 1300, most of the Iberian Peninsula had long been lost by the "Moors". I prefer to speak of Moorish power than Moors, because the invaders (who were far more North African than Arabic, numerically) had caused the religious conversion of much of the population, rather than replaced it. Muslim power therefore, progressed first, and then receded, without as much demographic change as political geography might suggest. Mozarabic was gradually substituted by Arabic in the south, and by northern romance languages towards the north. Mozarabic, in spite of its name and of the fact that, not being written, it is mostly found in Arabic script when documented, was a continuum of romance vernaculars, which eased the population switching to the more established languages of the north as territories were retaken by the northern Christian principalities and kingdoms. Today languages in the Iberian Peninsula were all born in the north, between the end of the Roman Empire in the West and, say, the 8th-9th centuries.
I think his biggest mistake is portraying Mozarabic as Arabic, while in reality it is just Latin spoken in lands ruled by the moors, not Arabic, this common mistake is why I prefer the name Andalusi Romance.
I’m not sure I’d classify words such as “perro” as loan words. If those words have a continuity of use by the people living in that area, but they have been adapted to the new grammar of an incoming language, such as Latin, then they haven’t been loaned. Words that have come into Spanish from Arabic would fit the idea of loan words more closely, I think.
The subscript placed on the bottom right of the screen is hard to read because the logomark overwrites it. Example in the minute 3:46. As a suggestion, write those comments at the top of the video.
4:32 Phokaea, was a town on the coast of modern Anatolia, which wasn't existing as a sense then, so, using the map of Anatolia is an inaccuracy from a historical point of view.
I have not read all the comments, but it seems I'm not the only one saying this has many errors. Presenting Castilian as the older form of Spanish is ridiculous, when "Castilian" (Castellano) is how Spanish is called in many parts of the Hispanic world, including Spain half of the time. I get that you wanted to say "Old Spanish", but in that period that isn't even true. Now there are many romance languages in Spain, more so back then. Mozarabic as the language of the Iberian Peninsula of the time is like saying Cornish is the language of England, absolutely ridiculous. If you must choose a representative, choose Arabic or one of the Romance Languages from the North, but not that. As for the supposed words with Iberic roots in Spanish, well, they are not. Most of those you mentioned are either of unclear origin, Greek, North African and even onomatopoeic. Few or nothing can be said about that "Iberic" origin. As for that text, I don't know. Maybe I'm wrong, but with Iberic being literally undeciphered it seems unreasonable that such translation exists. It could be from a parallel Latin text, but I'm just inclined to thing there is something fishy with that source.
First time visiting the channel, and loved this video! I am of the hunch that Iberian and Basque were related, but, yeah, we're not 100% sure. I love the exploration of pre-common era languages and culture. Pre Roman Iberia and Gaul. Pre Roman and Roman Britain. Celtic Germany. Just to name a few themes. Thank you!
Dude, I'm going to watch the video, but in the first 20 seconds alone you've completely overlooked past and present linguistic diversity in the peninsula, which kind of makes it sound like you don't know much about this.
In the video it literally says "among others" like yeah we all know a bunch of languages are spoken on the Iberian Peninsula but it's pointless to try and make it like Spanish isn't the most spoken and vastly spread among those
And the other languages spoken in the peninsula (included Portuguese) are Spanish too, the same way as English is not the only British language spoken in Britain. Castillian is Castillian, a Spanish language. Where and when did this distorsion come from?
Wrong, the arabic was the elite language, while mozarabic wss the common one, as eclesiastical latin and vukgar latin in the christian kingdoms. Even as late as the taifa kingdoms, the kittab of Murcia ecuse themselve in a letter of his bad arabic because "he was surrounded by people that speaks ajam"
You just covered eastern Spain. Other parts of Spain spoke other languages such as ancient Basque, Tartessian, Turdetanian, Lusitanic, Celtiberian, Gallaecian.
Well, one of your statements is wrong and follows the narrative of spanish being somehow fully muslim (in opposition to being MOSTLY conquered by muslims). Mozarabic derived from vulgar latin. It was one of the dialects that evolve from it and it wasn't the majority. And it was popular on the south. Please check your facts
Merci pour cette très bonne capsule! J'ai appris beaucoup. Mais comment ça se fait qu'on connaisse ces détails à propos de cette langue si elle n'a pas été parlée depuis 2000 ans? Est-ce que les romains ou les Basques nous ont laissé des récits?
This is the main reason I'm against lingua francas, like English, is because whatever argument one may have in support of them, most of which I have counterpoints to, they almost inevitably destroy the languages under their umbrella. And that alone is a great enough loss to not be worth any possible "benefits". Many languages, cultures, and peoples are in grave danger of being destroyed in this age. Many of which people don't even realize are being threatened.
The problem is languages are inherently for communication not separating us vs them. Ethnicities are not defined by language but common beliefs and history
@@kylezdancewicz7346 I've had enough debates with advocates of evil like yourself, it's not worth my time right now. It's not like arguing here would change your mind, or do anything to combat the evils themselves.
@ghrtfhfgdfnfg Portugese like to claim that Portugal is older than Spain. Spain derives from Hispania. The official language of Spain is Spanish. Aka Castilian. The County of Castile emerged in the early 9th century. Castile became an Independent Kingdom. In the 11th century. 1035AD Portugul became a county in the 11th century. 1089AD Portugul became an Independent Kingdom in the 12th century. 1139AD. Which Kingdom regained the most territory during the Reconquista, the Kingdom of Portugal or the Kingdom of Castile? Gracias. In 1492AD the remaining Christian Kingdoms united to become Spain, ,(Except for the Kingdom of Portugal) to honour Hispania. When they could have just kept it as Castile.
He knows, and you know what he means, simply make the mesaage easier to the people. You say "iberian peninsula" and half usa viewers will say "the what?"
Thank you for the vid, very informative! I would suggest, however, that you be a little more expressive with the intonation of your voice. I don't want to sound offensive, but without emphasising the main points of a speech, you may risk being a bit too monotonous, and thus boring. I hope I was helpful, and thanks again.
@@askadia Did I mention any of that? No. I said he sounds calm and mellow and I like it, no jargon you throw out will change or sidestep my opinion. I don't think he needs to accentuate his speech in any way, he sounds fine.
@@askadia You alone have arbitrarily assigned rythm to being calm and mellow. And I think the monotonousness is part of what makes it calm and mellow, a more varying pitch would sound more energetic, and therefore less calm. He sounds just fine without exaggerating his expressiveness. Speaking more expressively would naturally make him sound less calm and mellow. I told you. No jargon you throw out will change or sidestep my opinion. We're not having a disagreement on terms, we're having a disagreement on principal. I think he sounds fine, nice even, and doesn't need to change the way he speaks. You think he sounds too monotonous and that he should speak more expressively.
OMG !! In the Iberian peninsula only spoken Spanish lol 17 millions people is native speakers of others autoctonous iberic languages( in Portugal only speak Spanish LOL) and in the Muslim invaaion only mozarabic and the Christians or Jews in territory lol and north no conquered with the Muslims incredibly and latin in Roman era no Romamce this video its seems that this with the a.. it is hilarious to see seems a joke video
??? Romans brought their language, Latin, to Hispania, and displaced all the indigenous languages except basque.Many centuries later Latin evolved into the different romance languages.
@@haitzkarakuelotsoaaspuruko7997 nope you are wrong Latin was spoken in Roma when the Roman empire started .The Roman Soldiers spoke Romance and that included In Spain, and also UK and France and every where else they were based like Siria or Israel
We can ask ourselves whether Classical Latin was ever really adopted by the population at large, but there can be little doubt about Vulgar Latin being spoken. Romance languages evolved from Vulgar Latin, which is the only way to explain why Spanish, Italian or French are much closer to each other than any of them is to Classical Latin, in terms of both grammar and vocabulary. And by the way, it's not Spain, it's Hispania (which includes what is now Portugal but excludes Ceuta, Melilla and the Canary islands).
The Romans did not speak Latin, but Roman!!!! Roman was a form of ancient Italian. Already in the 2nd century before our era, Latin was a dead language, but it was used only by the elite as an administrative m, academic and cult language.
to comical this channel, completed condition and just repeating.# 1 Spain has never existed, today is the Kingdom of Spain. # 2 In Hispaniea Roma the population did not speak Latin, to the present day they continue to speak proto Iberian Languages, example Vasco, Cantabro, Celt. today the lengua franca of the Kingdom of Spain, the American Continent and must of the population of the planet Earth is a IberoVisigoth language called Castilian, best recognized by Spanish. saludos to all the Iberians on the planet
Just a few minor corrections:
Mozarabic (descended from Latin and spoken by both Christians and Muslims in Iberia) was spoken in the 700s, not 700 years ago!
Secondly Castilian Spanish is not the sole language spoken in the Iberian Peninsula, with languages like Portuguese, Catalan, Galician and Basque being spoken by millions of people.
Also: What DID Spain speak before latin.
@@marchernandez4596 the language spain spoke before latin
@@tommarnt I was correcting the title.
@@marchernandez4596 thought you were asking. mb
My grandfather (costarican of many generations) used to say: a quant ha
As a basque person with a degree in classical philology, I appreciate this video a lot. Good job mate
Please don't stop doing what you do. This is good stuff.
I am genuinenely astounded as to why your channel isn't huge yet, but I guess it will happen soon! Keep up the good work man
Its the music! A lot of peoiple can't hear what he is saying because of the music.
Man, I was thinking the same thing! I can’t concentrate on hardly anything, I watched this all the way through and it was fun to watch. Keep going man! You’re doing a great job in my opinion and you’ll only get better!
love this but you gotta cite your sources!! it really does go a long way both when you're creating the video and for us viewers ✨
"The Iberian Peninsula today Spanish is spoken"... What about Portuguese? Not to mention Catalan, Galician, Basque. ...
"But if you're of the 15th Century Old Castilian is spoken"...What? Old Castilian was not even the language of the majority of the population by then Portuguese, Galician, Leonese, Basque, Aragonese, Catalan and Mozarabic were spoken. Castilian was spoken only on the central part of the peninsula between Galacian/Portuguese and Leonese to the west, Catalan to the east, Basque and Aragonese to the north and Mozarabic in the Granada kingdom in the south.
You lost me in the intro but the video is interesting.
Exactlyyy lost me at the first ten seconds
I'm Brazilian but still disappointed people don't recognise the language we share
15th Century, mozarabic was extinct by then
To be fair he did put *among other languages in tiny font in the bottom right of the video at 0:06
@@amaedron_ You mean English? ;)
I find it astonishing that you did some research about the languages spoken in Iberia and then proceeded to say that people spoke Old Spanish in Portugal, Catalonia, Valencia, Balears, Galicia... Like please, don't erase our languages and culture.
Btw 700 years is the 1300 and Mozarabic was dead by then, some people spoke Andalusian Arabic.
I'm sorry friend but you made a major mistake at the begining of the video.
Iberia = the modern states of Portugal and Spain (and Andorra, and a little bit of France and a little bit of the UK).
Hispania = the latin name for, about, the same territory.
However, neither Iberia or Hispania = Spain, ok!? This is key.
The territory that went on to unify and become modern Spain did so after Portugal's statehood. This means that Spain as a state is younger than Portugal which got papal recognition before them.
Portugal was under the rule of the Phillips of Spain during 60 years - from 1580 to 1 december 1640. This means that, yes, those countries were in a sort of union during 60 of Portugal's whole 876 total years of existence as a nation.
This Hispania = Spain is a major mistake that we see repeated in English-speaking media all the time.
I love Spain and the spanish people, but that doesn't mean we should be ignorant of the past.
Portugul is older than Spain?
The official language of Spain is Castilian aka Spanish.
The County of Castile emerged in the early 9th century. Castile became a Kingdom. In the 11th century. 1035AD
Portugul became a county in the 11th century. 1089AD
Portugul became a Kingdom in the 12th century. 1139AD.
Which Kingdom regained the most terrertory during the Reconquista, the Kingdom of Portugal or the Kingdom of Castile?
Gracias.
In 1492AD the remaining Christian Kingdoms united to become Spain, ,(Except for the Kingdom of Portugal) to honour Hispania. When they have just kept it as Castile.
Our Indo European ancestors (as in all Europeans) fought and died defending West and East Europa from peaceful Islamic immigration for centuries. The blood of our ancestors still runs through our veins.
As a Spaniard of Galician heritage, today I'm Christian and speak Castilian aka Spanish instead of Arabic praying to Allah 20 times a day thanks to Visigothic Nobleman Don Pelayo. Valiant warrior King of the North. King of Asturias. Crowned KIng by the loyal men who fought alongside him. Seeder of the Reconquista and their descendants who continued forming small Christian Kingdoms in the North, fighting and resisting for 700 years. Generation to generation. (Instead of running away into France) slowly expanding until the whole of Iberia was free of the peaceful messengers of islam in 1492AD, when the remaining Christian Kingdoms united to become Spain. 🇪🇸 (Except for the Kingdom of Portugal 🇵🇹 because they're special but I still love them.)
Muslims like to brag how they "ruled Iberia for 800 years. "
But what they fail to mention is that the Reconquista pretty much started straight away. And that the tiny Christian Kingdoms of the North were not part of Al Andalus. They also fail to mention that by the 12th century (1100s) half of Hispania was back in Indo European Christian hands. And by the mid 13th century 96% of Hispania had been reconquered. They fail to mention that the islamic kingdom of Granada was allowed to remain as long as they paid tribute to the Kingdom of Castile. Until they made the mistake of attacking a Christian settlement in the late 15th century.
Today the gates of Toledo have once again been opened into Europa and the West...
*Reconquista II Intensifies*
DEUS VULT!
🇪🇸 🇵🇹 🇵🇱 🇫🇷 🇩🇪 🇳🇴 🇸🇪 🇫🇮 🇳🇱 🇮🇹 🇬🇷 🇮🇪 🏴 🇬🇧 🇪🇺 🇷🇺 ✝️⚔ ☪️
well mainly 99´8% of territory is Spain and Portugal, is like to say the Alps mountains are in Monaco (which tecnically are) or that Spain is an african country because it has small percentage of land there.....
@@Archicstabol_yuyu but the video doesn't say 'Spain and Portugal' friend.
No part of the United Kingdom is on the Iberian Peninsula. To save replies back and forth, I'll clarify: Gibraltar is not part of the UK, it's a British Overseas Territory, like the Cayman Islands, Falklands, British Virgin Islands, etc.
hell yeah I can't lie it's so fucking refreshing to see a person of color coming up in this space, you're absolutely going places with content like this
Why does the color of his skin matter?
@bobbobb4804 ask that to the people who have historically kept people who look like us out of academia for too long.
@@saltymangoparty That hasn’t been the reality for a long time. I say this as someone who is brown. I just can’t stand the false victimhood mentality.
@@bobbobb4804 Since when is pointing out factual information victim mentality? I can't stand when people project conservative complexes in conversations where it was non existent.
Well researched, especially about the scripts used in ancient Iberia, a topic rarely talked about in videos! Congrats!
What a fantastic video, mate, and channel, Greetings from Spain!
Really enjoyed this, fascinating, I was frantically taking notes - as it relates to something else. Really great graphics, and smooth delivery. Cheers.
Awesomely outstanding and fascinating
Keep up the good work!
Excelente vídeo 👌
Keep the good work. It's well presented.
I would just add than in pre-Roman Iberia there also was Hispano-celtic languages in the north-west quarter of the península. Indeed, Celtíberian people were a mixed tribe between Celts and Iberian. Hispano-celtic languages are Indo-European and Q-celtic, as Irish language. It also gave loanwords to Spanish language such as "caballo" (horse) and "conejo" (rabbit) among others. Maybe this could be an idea for a next video ;)
Celtiberians were not a mix. That misconception school books use to repeat acritically. The celtiberians were the celts of iberia. Romans call them that, and their language is aceltic one, one galaecians and lusitanians have an indoeuropean lrnaguage more close to thebitalic group than the celtic one. Also the galician nationalism, that in the xix th century search a celtic identity make a lot of harm with the popular spread of this acientificall theories.
I only have read gallaecian language be a Q-celtic one, similar to the rest of celtic languages in Hispania, not an italic one. Futhermore, celtic languages are indoeuropean. And all nationalisms and even the very same concept of modern nation comes from XIX century, no matter which nationalism or nation we are referring
@@MarioRodriguez-ow9rl you have words like pig: galaecian "porcom" gaulish "orkos" latin "porcus"
@@MarioRodriguez-ow9rl Wich i mean with the galic8an nationalism its they acritically find in the cels their ancesters despite no historical evidence, common language or any other aspect that make galicians a celtic people. For example one the mantras of manuel murguia, galician nationalist and father of the galician celtism was "spain is iberian, but galicia is celtic"
@@juanbarbosasiguenza5883 Nobody knows for sure how gallaecian was. It disappeared long time ago and there are very few inscripcions. I assume you are using a reconstructed word for pig in gallaecian. Considering that gallaecian word is valid, you are showing they are indoeuropean because the three words you use has the common feature "orco", and simply gallaecian and latin has an initial "p". Finally, gallaecian is a Q-celtic language and gaulish a P-celtic language which can explain that difference. On the top of that, going to a different celtic language, Irish in Ireland, you have words such as "Rí" (king in English and "Rex" in latin), Ór (gold in English and "aurum" in latin), "Roth" (wheel in English and "Rota" in latin), Leigh (read in English and "Legere" in latin), "Scríobh" (write in English and "Scribe" in latin), "Leabhar" (book in English and "Liber" in latin), "Tarbh" (bull in English and "Taurus" in latin), "Cáis" (cheese in English and "Caseum" in latin), "Dia" (God in English and "Deum" in latin), "Cú" (Hound in English and "Canis" in latin)... so according to your reasoning and after these examples, Irish language is also an italic language instead of a Q-celtic language, isn´t it? I don´t think so, neither the majority of linguists
What a great subject to choose, thanks.
Well researched, well presented.
Amazing research and great graphics! I love your presentation. Maybe lower the volume of the "background" music because in some parts, it's competing with your voice.
Arroyo -> stream. Portuguese national here. Born and raised in Lisbon. I grew up in a Lisbon neighbourhood called Arroios. It was named so because, you guessed it, the area had many streams, which were covered and channeled through a tunnel system leading to the Tagus River to allow the area to be developed.
Fascinating video, you won a follower!
fuck yeah bro!! keep going your content is fire
The Spanish placename Talavera is a mix of Arabic "Tal," which means hill, and "Avera," which is CeltIberian for hill! So it is Hill Hill!
First time viewer and i loved the video!
Very nice video, thank you! I am from Catalonia, i.e. from northeastern Iberian lands. I am not a language specialist but could appreciate some phonetical similarities between Iberian and Basque in the sample text provided. That might point to a common origin, because it goes well beyond loan words. I also noticed how the diphtongs seem to be consistent with the Catalan language, which evolved from Latin, more than Castilian (commonly known as Spanish), which also evolved from Latin but more to the west, away from Iberian lands, and subject to different influences. I mean that Catalan phonetics may be owing something to Iberian.
There seem to be three mistakes at the beginning of the video, in the introduction. The first one is to say that, today, Spanish is spoken in the Iberian Peninsula, as if other languages were not, while they have millions of speakers, like Portuguese and Catalan (around 10M each).
A second mistake is to say that in the 15th century, Castilian was spoken all over. As if it was different from Spanish, when it is the exact same language, since "Spanish" is just how Castilian is called internationally since the 17th century, when the Castilian empire seemed to encompass the whole Iberian Peninsula, i.e. Hispania (in Latin), though it didn't. Spain used to mean Hispania, not a nation. The Spanish Crown does not refer to one nation, but rather to the crown that came to reign over various different nations in Spain, understood as Hispania, not in today's sense of a nation that calls itself Spain. It is only during the 17th century that Castile appropriated the name of Spain, in its attempt to conquer and absorb all of the peninsula. Therefore, Castilian/Spanish, in the 15th century, was only spoken in half of the peninsula at most.
A third mistake is when it is mentioned that "700 years AGO", Mozarabic was the main language in the Iberian Peninsula. I think it was meant to say "700 hundred years BEFORE" the 15th century. This mistake may also have been helped by the notion that Moors invaded the whole peninsula, basically, at the beginning of the seven hundreds. But that invasion, by a relatively small population, could never lead to an abrupt change in languages spoken, and the Moors would just as fast begin to be fought back, meaning their influence in the north was very short and didn't cause language substitution. Therefore, as Moorish power kept being pushed back towards the south, romance languages in the north gradually regained linguistic hegemony, each along the north-south axis (from westernmost Galician, to easternmost Catalan, through Astur-Leonese and Castilian in the broad mid strip of the peninsula). Notice that 700 years ago was year 1300, very late into the "Reconquista", which ended taking the kingdom of Grenade in 1492. By 1300, most of the Iberian Peninsula had long been lost by the "Moors". I prefer to speak of Moorish power than Moors, because the invaders (who were far more North African than Arabic, numerically) had caused the religious conversion of much of the population, rather than replaced it. Muslim power therefore, progressed first, and then receded, without as much demographic change as political geography might suggest. Mozarabic was gradually substituted by Arabic in the south, and by northern romance languages towards the north. Mozarabic, in spite of its name and of the fact that, not being written, it is mostly found in Arabic script when documented, was a continuum of romance vernaculars, which eased the population switching to the more established languages of the north as territories were retaken by the northern Christian principalities and kingdoms. Today languages in the Iberian Peninsula were all born in the north, between the end of the Roman Empire in the West and, say, the 8th-9th centuries.
I think his biggest mistake is portraying Mozarabic as Arabic, while in reality it is just Latin spoken in lands ruled by the moors, not Arabic, this common mistake is why I prefer the name Andalusi Romance.
Very impressive me lad. 👌
That's way more than I thought there was known about this.
I’m not sure I’d classify words such as “perro” as loan words. If those words have a continuity of use by the people living in that area, but they have been adapted to the new grammar of an incoming language, such as Latin, then they haven’t been loaned. Words that have come into Spanish from Arabic would fit the idea of loan words more closely, I think.
The subscript placed on the bottom right of the screen is hard to read because the logomark overwrites it. Example in the minute 3:46. As a suggestion, write those comments at the top of the video.
Thanks for the info gentleman
Bro i like your videos, what software did you use to make them
PowerPoint and Davinci resolve
Thanks much for the video! Very interesting! It would be even better without background music.
0:18 I didn't know you were Italian.
4:32 Phokaea, was a town on the coast of modern Anatolia, which wasn't existing as a sense then, so, using the map of Anatolia is an inaccuracy from a historical point of view.
I'd love it if you explained a few of the more expert terms you use for us dummies xD Otherwise great video!
Can the music be a bit quieter as it interferes with the talk. Otherwise, very interesting.
I have not read all the comments, but it seems I'm not the only one saying this has many errors.
Presenting Castilian as the older form of Spanish is ridiculous, when "Castilian" (Castellano) is how Spanish is called in many parts of the Hispanic world, including Spain half of the time. I get that you wanted to say "Old Spanish", but in that period that isn't even true. Now there are many romance languages in Spain, more so back then.
Mozarabic as the language of the Iberian Peninsula of the time is like saying Cornish is the language of England, absolutely ridiculous. If you must choose a representative, choose Arabic or one of the Romance Languages from the North, but not that.
As for the supposed words with Iberic roots in Spanish, well, they are not. Most of those you mentioned are either of unclear origin, Greek, North African and even onomatopoeic. Few or nothing can be said about that "Iberic" origin.
As for that text, I don't know. Maybe I'm wrong, but with Iberic being literally undeciphered it seems unreasonable that such translation exists. It could be from a parallel Latin text, but I'm just inclined to thing there is something fishy with that source.
First time visiting the channel, and loved this video! I am of the hunch that Iberian and Basque were related, but, yeah, we're not 100% sure. I love the exploration of pre-common era languages and culture. Pre Roman Iberia and Gaul. Pre Roman and Roman Britain. Celtic Germany. Just to name a few themes. Thank you!
Well latin not just dissapeared, it transformed into what we speak today, which is more or less vulgar latin ✌🏻great channel btw...new sub
Dude, I'm going to watch the video, but in the first 20 seconds alone you've completely overlooked past and present linguistic diversity in the peninsula, which kind of makes it sound like you don't know much about this.
i was gonna say the same thing. not a half bad video but nothing you couldnt read off of wikipedia.
In the video it literally says "among others" like yeah we all know a bunch of languages are spoken on the Iberian Peninsula but it's pointless to try and make it like Spanish isn't the most spoken and vastly spread among those
but he didn’t over look it he showed the characters the ibero-greeks used. that’s ancient. he just didn’t say it the way you wanted him to say it.
Castilian is Spanish.
And the other languages spoken in the peninsula (included Portuguese) are Spanish too, the same way as English is not the only British language spoken in Britain. Castillian is Castillian, a Spanish language. Where and when did this distorsion come from?
Орнул с gusano :: гусеница :)
Некоторые лексические "реликты" могут быть возведены к ПИЕ, хотя каток фонетичечких изменений по ним прокатился жестко.
Huh?? Mozarabic was never that big in the peninsula. Most people never spoke it
Wrong, the arabic was the elite language, while mozarabic wss the common one, as eclesiastical latin and vukgar latin in the christian kingdoms. Even as late as the taifa kingdoms, the kittab of Murcia ecuse themselve in a letter of his bad arabic because "he was surrounded by people that speaks ajam"
Tartessian and Celtic? They also spoke those in other regions of Spain
I liked the first part of the video, but the second part is just linguistics jargon with no explanation
You just covered eastern Spain. Other parts of Spain spoke other languages such as ancient Basque, Tartessian, Turdetanian, Lusitanic, Celtiberian, Gallaecian.
These will be covered over the next few episodes
@TheMiluProject I see so it's "What Spain Spoke Before Latin 1" ?
well. what about Portuguese and minority Ibero-Romanic languages in the Iberian peninsula? Basque?
It is not only Spain, it is also Portugal😊
Eu não sabia que o espanhol falava antes do latim.
This is a normal video
The music is so distracting. Couldn’t finish watching
Well, one of your statements is wrong and follows the narrative of spanish being somehow fully muslim (in opposition to being MOSTLY conquered by muslims). Mozarabic derived from vulgar latin. It was one of the dialects that evolve from it and it wasn't the majority. And it was popular on the south. Please check your facts
No, most of muslim were converted, and not invasion, liberarion from the criminal visigothic kings
Castillian us Spanish and you can use both as it is same.
Euskera.
A scholarly work !
Merci pour cette très bonne capsule! J'ai appris beaucoup.
Mais comment ça se fait qu'on connaisse ces détails à propos de cette langue si elle n'a pas été parlée depuis 2000 ans?
Est-ce que les romains ou les Basques nous ont laissé des récits?
I guess arroyo is a later loanword from arabic presence on Iberia by 700 years
You forgot celtic languages.
These will be covered over the next few episodes
@@TheMiluProject Thank you. Awesome.
This is the main reason I'm against lingua francas, like English, is because whatever argument one may have in support of them, most of which I have counterpoints to, they almost inevitably destroy the languages under their umbrella. And that alone is a great enough loss to not be worth any possible "benefits". Many languages, cultures, and peoples are in grave danger of being destroyed in this age. Many of which people don't even realize are being threatened.
The problem is languages are inherently for communication not separating us vs them.
Ethnicities are not defined by language but common beliefs and history
@@kylezdancewicz7346 Fool.
@@kylezdancewicz7346 You are terribly wrong.
@@GustafUNL sure thing, great argument.
Have a nice day
@@kylezdancewicz7346 I've had enough debates with advocates of evil like yourself, it's not worth my time right now. It's not like arguing here would change your mind, or do anything to combat the evils themselves.
As you are British, I can somewhat understand your penchant for saying "Keltic", but for Spanish-speakers worldwide, we pronounce it "[sel-ta].
Just like south america... “spanish spoken”... forget português, catalan, galego, euskara....
Spain didn't exist before the Romans conquered the iberian peninsula.
Tell me youre Portugese without telling me youre Portuguese.
@@edstar83he’s right tho spain emerged in the 15th century
Hispania did .
@ghrtfhfgdfnfg
Portugese like to claim that Portugal is older than Spain. Spain derives from Hispania.
The official language of Spain is Spanish. Aka Castilian.
The County of Castile emerged in the early 9th century. Castile became an Independent Kingdom. In the 11th century. 1035AD
Portugul became a county in the 11th century. 1089AD
Portugul became an Independent Kingdom in the 12th century. 1139AD.
Which Kingdom regained the most territory during the Reconquista, the Kingdom of Portugal or the Kingdom of Castile?
Gracias.
In 1492AD the remaining Christian Kingdoms united to become Spain, ,(Except for the Kingdom of Portugal) to honour Hispania. When they could have just kept it as Castile.
He knows, and you know what he means, simply make the mesaage easier to the people. You say "iberian peninsula" and half usa viewers will say "the what?"
was hoping it's mexican..
Basque
I doubt arabic was ever spoken in Spain.
You should read up on it
It’s a form of Hebrew the whole world was under Hebrew rule come on it’s real simple
Línguas indo-europeias, celtas e não celtas; línguas não indo-europeias e não semitas e, ainda, línguas semitas.
Iberian has NOT been deciphered
0:25 What is friving?
Thriving
Thank you for the vid, very informative! I would suggest, however, that you be a little more expressive with the intonation of your voice. I don't want to sound offensive, but without emphasising the main points of a speech, you may risk being a bit too monotonous, and thus boring. I hope I was helpful, and thanks again.
I actually like his calm, mellow tone of speech.
@@GustafUNL widening a voice extenction (the range of going up and down) doesn't affect rythm and cadence (syllables per second)
@@askadia Did I mention any of that? No. I said he sounds calm and mellow and I like it, no jargon you throw out will change or sidestep my opinion.
I don't think he needs to accentuate his speech in any way, he sounds fine.
@@GustafUNL chill, I said he can be calm and mellow (rythm), without being monotonous (unvarying pitch)
@@askadia You alone have arbitrarily assigned rythm to being calm and mellow. And I think the monotonousness is part of what makes it calm and mellow, a more varying pitch would sound more energetic, and therefore less calm. He sounds just fine without exaggerating his expressiveness. Speaking more expressively would naturally make him sound less calm and mellow.
I told you. No jargon you throw out will change or sidestep my opinion. We're not having a disagreement on terms, we're having a disagreement on principal. I think he sounds fine, nice even, and doesn't need to change the way he speaks. You think he sounds too monotonous and that he should speak more expressively.
OMG !! In the Iberian peninsula only spoken Spanish lol 17 millions people is native speakers of others autoctonous iberic languages( in Portugal only speak Spanish LOL) and in the Muslim invaaion only mozarabic and the Christians or Jews in territory lol and north no conquered with the Muslims incredibly and latin in Roman era no Romamce this video its seems that this with the a.. it is hilarious to see seems a joke video
You really should learn how to speak a bit faster, there are a lot of pauses that obstruct me. I think the pauses are the main problem.
Spain never spoke latin . During Roman times in Spain Romance was the dominant language.
??? Romans brought their language, Latin, to Hispania, and displaced all the indigenous languages except basque.Many centuries later Latin evolved into the different romance languages.
@@haitzkarakuelotsoaaspuruko7997 nope you are wrong Latin was spoken in Roma when the Roman empire started .The Roman Soldiers spoke Romance and that included In Spain, and also UK and France and every where else they were based like Siria or Israel
Romance is Latin you retard
We can ask ourselves whether Classical Latin was ever really adopted by the population at large, but there can be little doubt about Vulgar Latin being spoken. Romance languages evolved from Vulgar Latin, which is the only way to explain why Spanish, Italian or French are much closer to each other than any of them is to Classical Latin, in terms of both grammar and vocabulary.
And by the way, it's not Spain, it's Hispania (which includes what is now Portugal but excludes Ceuta, Melilla and the Canary islands).
The Romans did not speak Latin, but Roman!!!! Roman was a form of ancient Italian. Already in the 2nd century before our era, Latin was a dead language, but it was used only by the elite as an administrative m, academic and cult language.
If that’s the case then what was “Roman” if it was not Latin? What is the spoken form of Roman?
to comical this channel, completed condition and just repeating.# 1 Spain has never existed, today is the Kingdom of Spain. # 2 In Hispaniea Roma the population did not speak Latin, to the present day they continue to speak proto Iberian Languages, example Vasco, Cantabro, Celt. today the lengua franca of the Kingdom of Spain, the American Continent and must of the population of the planet Earth is a IberoVisigoth language called Castilian, best recognized by Spanish. saludos to all the Iberians on the planet