Take my course LATIN UNCOVERED on StoryLearning, including my original Latin adventure novella "Vir Petasātus" : storylearning.com/LukeBlackFriday24 ⬅ 🦂 Support my work on Patreon: www.patreon.com/LukeRanieri 📚 Luke Ranieri Audiobooks: luke-ranieri.myshopify.com 🤠 Take my course LATIN UNCOVERED on StoryLearning, including my original Latin adventure novella "Vir Petasātus" learn.storylearning.com/lu-promo?affiliate_id=3932873 🦂 Sign up for my Latin Pronunciation & Conversation series on Patreon: www.patreon.com/posts/54058196 ☕ Support my work with PayPal: paypal.me/lukeranieri And if you like, do consider joining this channel: ruclips.net/channel/UCLbiwlm3poGNh5XSVlXBkGAjoin 🏛 Latin by the Ranieri-Dowling Method: luke-ranieri.myshopify.com/collections/frontpage/products/latin-by-the-ranieri-dowling-method-latin-summary-of-forms-of-nouns-verbs-adjectives-pronouns-audio-grammar-tables 🏺Ancient Greek by the Ranieri-Dowling Method: luke-ranieri.myshopify.com/collections/frontpage/products/ancient-greek-by-the-ranieri-dowling-method-latin-summary-of-forms-of-nouns-verbs-adjectives-pronouns-audio-grammar-tables 🏛 Ancient Greek in Action · Free Greek Lessons: ruclips.net/p/PLU1WuLg45SixsonRdfNNv-CPNq8xUwgam 👨🏫 My Lingua Latina Per Se Illustrata playlist · Free Latin Lessons: ruclips.net/video/j7hd799IznU/видео.html 🦂 ScorpioMartianus (my channel for content in Latin, Ancient Greek, & Ancient Egyptian) ruclips.net/user/ScorpioMartianus 🎙 Hundreds of hours of Latin & Greek audio: lukeranieri.com/audio 🌍 polýMATHY website: lukeranieri.com/polymathy/ 🌅 polýMATHY on Instagram: instagram.com/lukeranieri/ 🦁 Legio XIII Latin Language Podcast: ruclips.net/user/LegioXIII 👕 Merch: teespring.com/stores/scorpiomartianus 🦂 www.ScorpioMartianus.com 🦅 www.LukeRanieri.com 📖 My book Ranieri Reverse Recall on Amazon: amzn.to/2nVUfqd Intro and outro music: Overture of Die Zauberflöte (The Magic Flute) by Mozart #greekgods #latin #greek 00:00 Intro to the Gods 00:29 Jupiter - Zeus 01:52 Juno - Hera 03:13 Vesta - Hestia 03:56 Dionysus - Dionysus 06:55 Neptune - Poseidon 08:05 How to swear in Ancient Greek 09:08 Ceres- Demeter 10:12 Venus - Aphrodite 11:04 Minerva - Athena 12:08 Diana - Artemis 12:56 Apollo - Apollo 13:38 Mars- Ares 14:04 Vulcan - Hephaestus 15:13 Mercury - Hermes 16:11 Hades, Pluto, Dis 17:20 Cupid - Eros 18:15 Red-bellied woodpecket, deer, chickadee
Hefaistos is the Dacian (today Romanian) god "Covaci"... pronounced "Kovatsch/Kovač" (see Slavs too). The Greeks couldn't pronounce the Geto-Dacian ”ce, ci, ge, gi, ș, ț” sounds, hence the very long name Hephaestus/Hefaistos with the help of intermediary "s" (this was common trait of Greek language regarding Thracian/Geto-Dacian names). It's the same god of metallurgy known as Kaveh (Iranian myths), or Gobannus/Gofannon (Celtic/Welsh myths). The PIE particle "Cov/Kob/Gob...etc" means "bent/curved/hollowed/carved" (it's a reference to "beaten/bent iron"). For example: the Romanian word for "horseshoe" is "potcoava" ("pot" comes "a bate" - "to beat" in English,, but also ”pas” as "step” in English.. and "coava" is the same as "scoaba" ("gib" in English)... meaning curved/beaten/bent/clamped/U-shaped piece of bronze/iron/metal). Similar with Slavic ”podkova/potkova”. ”Potcovar” literally means ”blacksmith/ horseshoe maker”. See Gabija "fire" in Lithuanian myths. *edit- ”Hef” from Hefaistos is the same as the English (Germanic) ”hoof”. From that same Cov/Kob/Gob/Kov/Hof variations... See also the Polish, Czech... and Romanian ”copita” .. literally means ”hoof”.
Densuși from Hațeg (city from Dacian/now-Romanian region) = Dionysus from Hades (his first father, lord of the underworld, which is the rich-in-metals Hațeg region of Romania)
Tiny correction: You said that Dionysos came to the Classical Greek Pantheon later, which is actually what historians and anthropologists USED to think until a few decades ago. Then we stumbled across "di-wo-nu-so" in Mycenean tablets, so now we know that Dionysus is actually potentially one of Greece's OLDEST gods actually. Perhaps even older than Hestia. He was sidelined hard by Hesiod and Homer though, which might indicate that he wasn't as important back in the day. The reason people thought this is because we don't really know what -(s)nusos means and can't assign it to a real greek word, so it must be a pre-Greek substrate, or maybe something from Thracian, Dacian or something Anatolian. There are some hints that it might mean something like "youth" or "son" or "boy" - so either "the Young Zeus" or "The son of Zeus". A second reason: He and his cult are all about crossing boundaries, whether it be the boundary between life and death (in the Zagreus-mysteries and the Anthesteria), city and wilderness, your own identity and another one (he's the god of masks and theatres), and especially of gender (he is a bottom, which is the worst thing a man could do in Ancient Greece and nonetheless seen as an authority; he is also portrayed as a cross-dressing boy that would empower cross-dressing women to overpower men - something really weird and paradoxical). Even his birth required Zeus, the great, masculine patriarch of the world, to basically sew the embryo into his thigh - the "allfather" had to go through a sort of "pregnancy" for Dionysos to be born. Also: His mother is mortal. That means he shouldn't even be a god! Half of those things - gender, emasculation, androgyny as a part of esotericism and mysticism - all belong to certain traits of other eastern cults that almost certainly influenced the Dionysian mysteries, such as the "Eunuch"-cults of Attis-Kybele or the cults of Osiris who also was probably fairly androgynous originally. So that is another reason for why people - including the Greeks - thought Dionysos was a foreign god that came from elsewhere (usually they named India as his home). His mythology also is always about something "intruding" and "immigrating"; even Dionysos himself is famously portrayed by the Homeric Hymns and Euripides (Bakkhai) as someone who has to fight for his acceptance as a deity, as he comes from elsewhere to Thebes, where his veneration is outlawed. So people used to think that this is another sign that the god originally came from outside. Nowadays though, we know that he is one of only three or four gods that we can with certainity say was already venerated in Mycenean times (which we know only about Zeus, Poseidon and "Enyalios" which is probably Ares). The fact that he is always portrayed as something foreign and strange is because, well, that's what he is the god of. He is the god of breaking the "natural" order or "social taboos". Dionysos represents repressed wants, desires, forces considered unnatural (necromancy) or socially unacceptable (barbarians like the Thracians, or scandalous female authority) but not necessarily malevolent, and, in small doses even beneficial for society (i.e. 'institutionalised lying' - aka. theatre or culturally acceptable excessiveness - aka. parties). Social rules that we kinda tend to take less serious when we're intoxicated. Stuff that has "no place" in the everyday life and in traditionalist rigid normative societies - hence the representation of all these things is portrayed as a cross-dressing foreigner that alienates male, traditionalist Theban elites like Euripides' Pentheus. Modern mythographers and anthropologists just took the mythology pretty literal and concluded that Dionysos was always portrayed as an intruding outsider because that might have been his actual history - as a foreign god that was accepted into the pantheon at a later date.
@@luizfellipe3291 Not to my knowledge but that doesn't have to mean much. Maybe we do. It doesn't matter though. The point is that Dionysos is old. Older than Hestia? Maybe. Maybe not. But both of them - including Dionysos, and that's the point - are DEFINITELY older than the idea of the "Twelve Olympians", which is post-homeric. So the fact that we have 13 members of the "Twelve Olympians" has nothing to do with who came first or later. As for Dionysos' "age" compared to other gods: AFAIK, a lot of female goddesses in Mycenean times are just called "Potnia" (="Lady"). So "Lady of Animals", "Lady of Athens", "Lady of War", etc., which makes it hard to be sure. Maybe somewhere there is some Hestia-inscription. "Di-wo-nu-so" definitely existed in Mycenean times, which we can't say for a lot of gods with certainty. We know for sure though that out of the twelve, at the very least Aphrodite can't have been known yet, because she is a Cypriot adaptation of Semitic Astarte, who is derived from Mesopotamian Ishtar, and thus definitely a late addition. And unless Apollon is identical with the otherwise mysterious "Drimios" of Mycenean times, he is probably also a fairly new deity that wasn't known by that name at least in Mycenean times. So even if Hestia were older, it wouldn't matter.
Shri Aurobindo last century so not knew attributed Dionysus as the god of Nyssa in India a centre of Shiva worship. A gid of ecstacy not necessarily wine. Sivas followers are termed to this day bhakts and attract women and low castes non Brahmins who can go directly to God. One theory never seems to explain everything
В славянской мифологии есть Бог "Стрибог", о котором очень мало известно, и есть популярная теория что это Dyews Ph2ter, в котором ph2ter развилось в "стри"(например дядя по отцу это "Стрый" как в латинском Patruus, что даёт основания считать что исконное слово для названия отца(которое вытеснило слово "отец" родственное латинскому Atta) тоже содержало элемент "Стр"), а dyews в заменило, возможно, иранское по происхождению слово "Бог", а Dyews в славянских языках изменило значение, и, например, в русском дало слово "диво" - wonder, miracle
В славянской мифологии есть Бог "Стрибог", о котором очень мало известно, и есть популярная теория что это Dyews Ph2ter, в котором ph2ter развилось в "стри"(например дядя по отцу это "Стрый" как в латинском Patruus, что даёт основания считать что исконное слово для названия отца(которое вытеснило слово "отец" родственное латинскому Atta) тоже содержало элемент "Стр"), а dyews в заменило, возможно, иранское по происхождению слово "Бог", а Dyews в славянских языках изменило значение, и, например, в русском дало слово "диво" - wonder, miracle
Most other roots discussed here can be compared easily to their vedic counterparts as well in particular if we notice the tendency of vedic sanskrit to reduce PIE vowels to schwas eg Vesta compares to the root Ves (pronounced with a schwa in Sanskrit ) to reside , which as mentioned incidentally is cognate with Wesan in old Germanic which became the German sein, English was and so on. Nebula is cognate with Nebh in vedic Sanskrit with the same meaning cloud/ sky (schwa here) and the root dhe means to bear or the earth as in the word dhara cognate with Latin terra. Dhe is incidentally present in Dhegom Mater the PIE earth mother goddess and mate of the sky father. Ceres possibly has a cognate in Krs for agriculture and so on. Mens is another great example with menes in sanskrit meaning mind (both being schwas). The root word Plut means wealth and riches as well tying into Plouton
In Linear B, Poseidon appears more frequently than Zeus, and had qualities similar of Hades, as Lord of the Underworld. It is likely that he was the chief pre-Greek Pelasgian deity that was incorporated in Greek cult
I think it's more likely that a continental Indo-European diety merged with an existing Aegean divine figure. Poseidon is not only associated with the sea, but with water in general (ie lakes and rivers), as well as horses (cf the origins of Pegasus), and, as was mentioned in the video, earthquakes
A few Welsh cognates or equivalents of some of these names (will give a pronounciation guide at the end) : Duw (god) dydd (day) Iau - Jove (via Latin) Sews, Siws- Zeus The IE word that gave the Romans Vesta gave the Welsh the word Aros, which means 'to wait'. Neifion is the Welsh equivalent of Neptune. The two could be cognates, or Neifion could be a Welshification of Neptune. But Neifion looks like it could be the plural form of the word Nâf (Claf - injured person, Cleifion, plural). The meter/mater in Demeter is cognate with the Welsh word for Aunt, 'modryb'. The word which gave Latin Ceres gave Welsh the word Ceirch, oats. Gwener - Venus (note that Welsh retains the /w/ of Classical Latin V, and the name is derived from Veneris.) There's a Welsh word which comes from the same root as Latin Mēns, but I've forgotten what it is👀 Athens in Welsh is Athen. Apolon- Apollo Mawrth - Mars. Mercher - Mercury Welsh word for market (I.e. merchandise) - Marchnad Surprised how many names have ambiguous etymologies, so here are a few more Latin names that have Welsh versions: Iŵl /ju:l/ Julius Caesar or Cesar - Caesar Eudaf - Octavian Padarn - Paternus Tegid - Tacitus Aergol - Agricola Rhufain - Romanus Cystennin - Constantinus. Lladin - Latin Groeg - Greek (language), but there's also a poetic word for the Greek language- Omeraeg, I.e. Homeric Welsh has 7 vowel letters which represent, basically, 8 sounds: A E I O U W Y. The first 4 are pronounced exactly as in Latin, they have long and short versions (I represents /i/ and /j/). U /ɨ/ is sort of similar to the Y in the Latin pronounciation of Dionysus. W has the same pronounciation as the Classical Latin V, I.e. /u/ and /w/. Y can either be /ɨ/ or /ə/ Welsh consonants: B C Ch D Dd F Ff G Ng H J L Ll M N O P Ph R Rh S T Th B as in English Bat, never as in doubt or debt. C as In Cat, never science, cell. Ch as in Loch, or the Greek X, never as in church or mach. D as in do Dd as in the Th in This, Those F as in English Of (v) Ff as in English Off (F) G as in Good, guy, never as in General. Ng as in Sing H as in hot, never as in hour honest. J as in Jam or the g in general. L as in Label Ll as in Icelandic or the tl in Nahuatl. M as in My N as in No P as in Pet. Ph as in Physics R - rolled/trilled R, not as in the French, English, German or Spanish Rs. Rh - an aspirated R S as in Sit, never as in dogS, fuSion, shut. T as it Travel, never as in naTion Th as in Thin, thought
The etymology is fuzzy with no cap. A translation of the meaning may be (excuse my poor grasp on Latin) Nōn mentior (I'm not lying) Or Nōn hyperbolē (I'm not exaggerating) A sillier translation based on the literal meaning of "no cap" is Nullus petasus/pīleus
Yes, Luke, please do more! I was shocked several years ago when I learned that Athená's name at least in modern Greek is stressed on the last syllable.
I include Hades, Persephone AND Dionysus in my list. I know it's not correct but to me they're all deities who deserve respect. I'm a Catholic guy who LOVES history and this is just fun for me, Luke!
I've read an article about a connection between Apollo and the Celtic god Belenos. φαλός means white, as bʰel means shiny. The autor attested that the first Apollo temple was built in Delphi as a gift from a Celtic chieftain. Now how the phonological changes happened from Belenos to Apollon is a hell of a problem. The best explanation is always "most likely it is a pre Greek inheritance", cause it ends there, no further questions
A few years back, one of the etymology podcasts I listen to mentioned that in Magna Gracia they worshipped a version of Poseidon called Poseidon Neptune that the Romans eventually adopted and subsequently dropped the Poseidon and kept the Neptune (he used the Latin/Greek pronunciations, not my English spelling versions)
Yes, enim, recte. I would absolutely like to hear about (speaking of Vulcan) "The planets, space exploration, and all the fun etyomological and mythological connections there in".
Space and planets etymology? Yes, yes, yes, absolutely! I've been waiting for that for YEARS! I'd LOVE for you to cover it especially because you agree with the geophysical definition!
I was very happy that you included Hestia. As you said, in some accounts she gets replaced by Dionysus so I wasn't sure if she was going to be included.
That is indeed the name of Zeus in Modern Greek; but the Ancient Greek name Ζεύς may be pronounced in Modern Greek Pronunciation as well as Ancient Greek Pronunciation; I demonstrate both in this video.
Isaac Asimov wrote a non-fiction essay for Fantasy and Science Fiction magazine, later reprinted in some of his books of short essays, about the minor planet Ceres and the history of its discovery, followed by the discovery of the rest of the asteroids. Its title, using the English pronunciation, was of course “The World, Ceres.” He loved to make puns!
That “bain” (at 14:02) should be “bane; “bane” (from O.E. •bana•) is “ruin”, “enemy”, “destroyer” or “curse” but “bain” means “ready” or “willing” (from O.N. •beinn•) or even “bath” (from L. •baneum•).
15:50 in modern Scots messages is used to refer to the things you go to the shop to buy. I cannot imagine a direct path from Greek to Scots, or possibly a Gaelic root, but the similarity stood out.
Awesome video, I've been wanting to hear these names in their original pronunciation for awhile now, thanks so much! I'd always wondered why Apollo and Dionysus had the same names in Greek and Latin, as though the Romans forgot to file off the serial numbers of their lifted Gods...😉 Maybe do another video on Greco-Roman heroes or monsters next?
I know a lot of people already said the same, but the AI pics look really cheap and do a real disservice for such a high quality and well-researched channel. Since google images is full of the stuff, the easiest way to avoid using them by accident is to filter the results to be from before 2020 or so, as there are so many amazing illustrations of gods created by real artists out there.
As I understand it, based on the Linear B inscription, Athens was the name of the city and the goddess was "the Lady of Athens" which became later Athena. The etymology is believed to be pre-Greek and non-PIE, but the meaning is unknown. Her true name might have been something with the PIE Men prefix, like Minerva or her alias Mentor in The Odyssey. Or perhaps is was simply Sophia.
Many Years ago, when I first started teaching astronomy, an experienced professor needed to observe one lecture for evaluation. As it turned out, the lecture happened to be the moons of Jupiter. Instead of just teaching about the physical characteristics of the moons, I included a history of their names ( Discovered by Galileo but named by Johannes Kepler) and what the myths behind the names meant (Zeus was a seducer/rapist beyond belief. Lessons about abuse of power, hubris and all that). Turns out that the observing professor was Greek! He forgot about reviewing the astronomy and was delighted by the myth stories. He was so happy that there was someone else in the physics department that knew about that stuff.
I think I read in some book or magazine about mythology that the name Dyonisus had a cognate in other Indo-European languages like Hittite and maybe Persian, I'm not sure. Could it have been a deity the Greeks perhaps imported? I remember reading about Dyonisus or a similarly deity being worshipped before the classical period, maybe in the bronze age already. I think I also heard some historians and linguists talking about it on a radio show. It's been years since then and I don't quite remember the details. I used to read a lot about different mythologies
From the names of the goddesses, there are some interesting derivatives. You mentioned cereal, the equivalent in Greek is demetriaca. We can also mention venerial and aphrodisiac! And, of course, hermaphrodite, a compound of Hermes and Aphrodite, more poetic than the prosaic intersexual.
I know the Olympians were also done with the Metatron on his channel (great team-up), but I would like to see the dark pantheon, the Children of Nyx (is it Niks or Neeks?) so Nemesis, Eris, Hypnos, Thanatos, the Moirai, the Kyres, and all.
i was literally about to look up pronunciation guides for the gods so this comes at the perfect time. thank you!!! but if i may say so, please try to avoid using AI images in the future if you can. i would appreciate it as a longtime viewer of the channel and an artist myself. also, i would love a part 2 and/or that video on vulcan!
Side note: these are the deities the two pantheons share; many uniquely Greek and Roman ones are also attested, some of which were arguably even more prominent at different points in history.
I may be mistaken but I am pretty sure that the little statuette you were holding while talking about Eros is based on probably the most famous ancient statue of Apollo (Apollo Belvedere). I don't know where you've got it from but it seems a bit weird to me why someone would have combined it with the inscription omnia vincit amor, when they could have chosen from some of the many beautiful depictions of Eros himself. Eros Farnese or Eros type Centocelle come to mind.
Poseidon/Ποσειδών may be etymologically related to “posis/πόσις=drink/draught» for which we have related Greek words “Ποτήρι=drinking glass”, “Ποταμός=River” and “Ποτό=drink”. So it means “water god”.
You referenced Cratylus so I’m sure you’re aware, but in 401c-e Socrates connects the name of Hestia to οὐσία and ἔστιν. Later Platonic tradition (eg Sallustius, “On the Gods in the World” VI.3-4) connected her to the sphere of the Earth in the Ptolemaic system for this reason. It’s rather interesting that there’s research connecting her name to German “sein”; I wonder if the same can be said for forms of to be in Greek itself (that the Socratic interpretation could be more than just a folk / esoteric etymology).
The word for volcano (hephaestion) is connected to Hephaestus, in Greek as well. Right? Also, I had the impression that the 13th out of the... 12 was Hephaestos (being thrown by Hera, breaking his leg etc).
Yes, according to myth Hephaistos was a blacksmith. Even in modern Greek, the word for volcano is hephaisteio(n), meaning the (working) place of Hephaistos.
Third declension Latin nouns with nominatives ending in -o where -on would be expected (given the other cases' forms) seems to be a pervassive pattern that's independent from being a Greek import or not, right?
Interesting. In Hungarian, a completely unrelated language to Latin and Greek the pronunciation of these names follow the Classical Latin and Greek pronunciations very closely.
9:59 Is there an English word for the fourth quarter moon, the shrinking one? And of course we want the videos on planetary etymologies, an inexhaustible source of videos, I’m sure, especially if we also include surface features of the moons, minor planets, and planets. 😊
By a strange coincidence, the alternate name for Iūpiter, Iōve, has a classical pronunciation almost the same as the (assumed) pronunciation of the Hebrew name of God, יהוה, the Tetragrammaton, which was too sacred to be pronounced except once a year, by the High Priest, when he entered the Holy of Holies on Yom Kippur, alone with יהוה.
Wheres the oft-used ‘Jehovah’ is clearly incorrect, it’s easier to see the similarity between Iōve (likely pronounced Yo-weh), and יהוה (likely pronounced Ye-ho-weh). Given that that there is little evidence for any Hebrew Biblical texts earlier than the 5th century BCE, I suspect there was a lot of borrowing from ancient Greek.
Like obviously it is both old and commonly-used which are two common criteria for words with irregular forms, but is there any explanation explanation for why *these* forms specifically
If you ever do another series and end up giving the pronunciation for Jove (by Jove!) I'm wondering if you could discuss the link between Iowé (as I assume it's pronounced) and Yahweh, the God of Israel. I'm assuming they're linked and Iowé is an assimilated deity?
Absolutely interesting! Etymology is often revealing much more than one (ignorant) would expect. Despite my Greek and Latin studies (just 5 years at high school). More than "original" pronunciation I would say "correct" pronunciation. English speakers (mostly US) pronounce any word in any language as if it were English. Which is a bit appalling...
Εγώ απορώ, αφού είναι ονόματα ελληνικών θεών γιατί οι ξένοι δεν τα προφέρουν ελληνιστί; πχ αρτεμις_artemis.... Ποσειδων_posidon, αθηνα_athina, τόσο απλά. Γιατί τα παραποιουν
Is latin "deus" pronounced as one syllable (like "dews" if I would anglicize its transliteration, with "eu" functioning as a diphthong) or as two syllables ("de-us")?
@@bubalolo to my ears he's pronouncing it as one syllable with a diphthong, but everyone I ask about this (like the guy above in the comments) says it's two syllables. :(
i'm really not a fan of the ai images in this video - i don't think finding the pictures on google images rather than generating them yourself solves the issues of the ai itself
All these are from Google Images. Like it or not, other than classical sculpture, these AI generated images dominate Google Images search results. Hence my using them.
@@polyMATHY_Luke You can search by date to avoid AI images, which mostly popped up the last couple years. It's not like the biggest issue in the world, but I admit the AI images bothered me too. If nothing else, because your channel puts a lot of emphasis on (linguistic) accuracy, and AI representations of Greek and Roman gods are always going to be wildly inaccurate to how the Greeks and Romans represented them
You know, plenty of images on Google are not free-use. You'd prefer he steal them or delay the video to seek permission that, if he is monetized, he may not be able to get anyways? The whole argument against AI is it recycles artists works. Stealing them from Google isn't a good work around.
@@obonyxiam well, speak for yourself. There are many arguments we could make about the ethical value of various scenarios, but maybe you shouldn't watch + interact since you are boosting content that integrates AI. Or...keep interating, since it will lead to more exposure to this amazing channel regardless of your sensitivities
Form the lesser divinities, we can mention the three Graces: Euphrosyne, Aglaia and Thalia. Also, the three fates: Lachesis, Atropos, Clotho. All of them women! From the main goddesses, wisdom, beauty, agriculture and even hunting were personified by women!
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Intro and outro music: Overture of Die Zauberflöte (The Magic Flute) by Mozart
#greekgods #latin #greek
00:00 Intro to the Gods
00:29 Jupiter - Zeus
01:52 Juno - Hera
03:13 Vesta - Hestia
03:56 Dionysus - Dionysus
06:55 Neptune - Poseidon
08:05 How to swear in Ancient Greek
09:08 Ceres- Demeter
10:12 Venus - Aphrodite
11:04 Minerva - Athena
12:08 Diana - Artemis
12:56 Apollo - Apollo
13:38 Mars- Ares
14:04 Vulcan - Hephaestus
15:13 Mercury - Hermes
16:11 Hades, Pluto, Dis
17:20 Cupid - Eros
18:15 Red-bellied woodpecket, deer, chickadee
I believe there is a spelling error on the thumbnail
Hefaistos is the Dacian (today Romanian) god "Covaci"... pronounced "Kovatsch/Kovač" (see Slavs too).
The Greeks couldn't pronounce the Geto-Dacian ”ce, ci, ge, gi, ș, ț” sounds, hence the very long name Hephaestus/Hefaistos with the help of intermediary "s" (this was common trait of Greek language regarding Thracian/Geto-Dacian names). It's the same god of metallurgy known as Kaveh (Iranian myths), or Gobannus/Gofannon (Celtic/Welsh myths).
The PIE particle "Cov/Kob/Gob...etc" means "bent/curved/hollowed/carved" (it's a reference to "beaten/bent iron"). For example: the Romanian word for "horseshoe" is "potcoava" ("pot" comes "a bate" - "to beat" in English,, but also ”pas” as "step” in English.. and "coava" is the same as "scoaba" ("gib" in English)... meaning curved/beaten/bent/clamped/U-shaped piece of bronze/iron/metal). Similar with Slavic ”podkova/potkova”. ”Potcovar” literally means ”blacksmith/ horseshoe maker”. See Gabija "fire" in Lithuanian myths.
*edit- ”Hef” from Hefaistos is the same as the English (Germanic) ”hoof”. From that same Cov/Kob/Gob/Kov/Hof variations...
See also the Polish, Czech... and Romanian ”copita” .. literally means ”hoof”.
Densuși from Hațeg (city from Dacian/now-Romanian region)
=
Dionysus from Hades (his first father, lord of the underworld, which is the rich-in-metals Hațeg region of Romania)
I thought Apollo meant "without chicken"...
I think this is a very plausible explanation.
Haha
Omg!! This man is beyond stunning!! I want to put my face next to the arch of his foot!!
🤣
Hahahaha pollo 🐓
Tiny correction:
You said that Dionysos came to the Classical Greek Pantheon later, which is actually what historians and anthropologists USED to think until a few decades ago. Then we stumbled across "di-wo-nu-so" in Mycenean tablets, so now we know that Dionysus is actually potentially one of Greece's OLDEST gods actually. Perhaps even older than Hestia. He was sidelined hard by Hesiod and Homer though, which might indicate that he wasn't as important back in the day.
The reason people thought this is because we don't really know what -(s)nusos means and can't assign it to a real greek word, so it must be a pre-Greek substrate, or maybe something from Thracian, Dacian or something Anatolian. There are some hints that it might mean something like "youth" or "son" or "boy" - so either "the Young Zeus" or "The son of Zeus". A second reason: He and his cult are all about crossing boundaries, whether it be the boundary between life and death (in the Zagreus-mysteries and the Anthesteria), city and wilderness, your own identity and another one (he's the god of masks and theatres), and especially of gender (he is a bottom, which is the worst thing a man could do in Ancient Greece and nonetheless seen as an authority; he is also portrayed as a cross-dressing boy that would empower cross-dressing women to overpower men - something really weird and paradoxical). Even his birth required Zeus, the great, masculine patriarch of the world, to basically sew the embryo into his thigh - the "allfather" had to go through a sort of "pregnancy" for Dionysos to be born. Also: His mother is mortal. That means he shouldn't even be a god!
Half of those things - gender, emasculation, androgyny as a part of esotericism and mysticism - all belong to certain traits of other eastern cults that almost certainly influenced the Dionysian mysteries, such as the "Eunuch"-cults of Attis-Kybele or the cults of Osiris who also was probably fairly androgynous originally. So that is another reason for why people - including the Greeks - thought Dionysos was a foreign god that came from elsewhere (usually they named India as his home).
His mythology also is always about something "intruding" and "immigrating"; even Dionysos himself is famously portrayed by the Homeric Hymns and Euripides (Bakkhai) as someone who has to fight for his acceptance as a deity, as he comes from elsewhere to Thebes, where his veneration is outlawed. So people used to think that this is another sign that the god originally came from outside.
Nowadays though, we know that he is one of only three or four gods that we can with certainity say was already venerated in Mycenean times (which we know only about Zeus, Poseidon and "Enyalios" which is probably Ares). The fact that he is always portrayed as something foreign and strange is because, well, that's what he is the god of. He is the god of breaking the "natural" order or "social taboos". Dionysos represents repressed wants, desires, forces considered unnatural (necromancy) or socially unacceptable (barbarians like the Thracians, or scandalous female authority) but not necessarily malevolent, and, in small doses even beneficial for society (i.e. 'institutionalised lying' - aka. theatre or culturally acceptable excessiveness - aka. parties). Social rules that we kinda tend to take less serious when we're intoxicated. Stuff that has "no place" in the everyday life and in traditionalist rigid normative societies - hence the representation of all these things is portrayed as a cross-dressing foreigner that alienates male, traditionalist Theban elites like Euripides' Pentheus.
Modern mythographers and anthropologists just took the mythology pretty literal and concluded that Dionysos was always portrayed as an intruding outsider because that might have been his actual history - as a foreign god that was accepted into the pantheon at a later date.
Do we have Mycanean references to Hestia?
This is spot on.
@@luizfellipe3291 Not to my knowledge but that doesn't have to mean much. Maybe we do.
It doesn't matter though. The point is that Dionysos is old. Older than Hestia? Maybe. Maybe not.
But both of them - including Dionysos, and that's the point - are DEFINITELY older than the idea of the "Twelve Olympians", which is post-homeric. So the fact that we have 13 members of the "Twelve Olympians" has nothing to do with who came first or later.
As for Dionysos' "age" compared to other gods:
AFAIK, a lot of female goddesses in Mycenean times are just called "Potnia" (="Lady"). So "Lady of Animals", "Lady of Athens", "Lady of War", etc., which makes it hard to be sure. Maybe somewhere there is some Hestia-inscription.
"Di-wo-nu-so" definitely existed in Mycenean times, which we can't say for a lot of gods with certainty.
We know for sure though that out of the twelve, at the very least Aphrodite can't have been known yet, because she is a Cypriot adaptation of Semitic Astarte, who is derived from Mesopotamian Ishtar, and thus definitely a late addition.
And unless Apollon is identical with the otherwise mysterious "Drimios" of Mycenean times, he is probably also a fairly new deity that wasn't known by that name at least in Mycenean times.
So even if Hestia were older, it wouldn't matter.
Shri Aurobindo last century so not knew attributed Dionysus as the god of Nyssa in India a centre of Shiva worship. A gid of ecstacy not necessarily wine. Sivas followers are termed to this day bhakts and attract women and low castes non Brahmins who can go directly to God. One theory never seems to explain everything
Brilliant comment. One of the best I've read on RUclips. Do you write elsewhere?
The Djū-pater has Indo European roots, as in Sanskrit, the translation would be Dyau-pitr (sky- father)
Edit: I see you've covered it 😅
The undeclined form would be Dyauṣpitṛ, so the nominative singular would be Dyauṣpitā. Even closer to Jūpiter and Zeus Pater.
В славянской мифологии есть Бог "Стрибог", о котором очень мало известно, и есть популярная теория что это Dyews Ph2ter, в котором ph2ter развилось в "стри"(например дядя по отцу это "Стрый" как в латинском Patruus, что даёт основания считать что исконное слово для названия отца(которое вытеснило слово "отец" родственное латинскому Atta) тоже содержало элемент "Стр"), а dyews в заменило, возможно, иранское по происхождению слово "Бог", а Dyews в славянских языках изменило значение, и, например, в русском дало слово "диво" - wonder, miracle
В славянской мифологии есть Бог "Стрибог", о котором очень мало известно, и есть популярная теория что это Dyews Ph2ter, в котором ph2ter развилось в "стри"(например дядя по отцу это "Стрый" как в латинском Patruus, что даёт основания считать что исконное слово для названия отца(которое вытеснило слово "отец" родственное латинскому Atta) тоже содержало элемент "Стр"), а dyews в заменило, возможно, иранское по происхождению слово "Бог", а Dyews в славянских языках изменило значение, и, например, в русском дало слово "диво" - wonder, miracle
Most other roots discussed here can be compared easily to their vedic counterparts as well in particular if we notice the tendency of vedic sanskrit to reduce PIE vowels to schwas eg Vesta compares to the root Ves (pronounced with a schwa in Sanskrit ) to reside , which as mentioned incidentally is cognate with Wesan in old Germanic which became the German sein, English was and so on. Nebula is cognate with Nebh in vedic Sanskrit with the same meaning cloud/ sky (schwa here) and the root dhe means to bear or the earth as in the word dhara cognate with Latin terra. Dhe is incidentally present in Dhegom Mater the PIE earth mother goddess and mate of the sky father. Ceres possibly has a cognate in Krs for agriculture and so on. Mens is another great example with menes in sanskrit meaning mind (both being schwas). The root word Plut means wealth and riches as well tying into Plouton
Much as I dislike youtube, suggesting your channel was one of it's successes. Brilliant expansion of my knowledge of words. Thanks.
Many thanks
In Linear B, Poseidon appears more frequently than Zeus, and had qualities similar of Hades, as Lord of the Underworld. It is likely that he was the chief pre-Greek Pelasgian deity that was incorporated in Greek cult
I think it's more likely that a continental Indo-European diety merged with an existing Aegean divine figure. Poseidon is not only associated with the sea, but with water in general (ie lakes and rivers), as well as horses (cf the origins of Pegasus), and, as was mentioned in the video, earthquakes
Atlantean god. Antediluvian period.
I keep hearing people say that but none of them ever cite an actual source.
@@yamiyomizuki Dietrich, Bernard Clive (2004). The Origins of Greek Religion, p. 180-85,
A few Welsh cognates or equivalents of some of these names (will give a pronounciation guide at the end) :
Duw (god) dydd (day)
Iau - Jove (via Latin)
Sews, Siws- Zeus
The IE word that gave the Romans Vesta gave the Welsh the word Aros, which means 'to wait'.
Neifion is the Welsh equivalent of Neptune. The two could be cognates, or Neifion could be a Welshification of Neptune. But Neifion looks like it could be the plural form of the word Nâf (Claf - injured person, Cleifion, plural).
The meter/mater in Demeter is cognate with the Welsh word for Aunt, 'modryb'.
The word which gave Latin Ceres gave Welsh the word Ceirch, oats.
Gwener - Venus (note that Welsh retains the /w/ of Classical Latin V, and the name is derived from Veneris.)
There's a Welsh word which comes from the same root as Latin Mēns, but I've forgotten what it is👀
Athens in Welsh is Athen.
Apolon- Apollo
Mawrth - Mars.
Mercher - Mercury
Welsh word for market (I.e. merchandise) - Marchnad
Surprised how many names have ambiguous etymologies, so here are a few more Latin names that have Welsh versions:
Iŵl /ju:l/ Julius
Caesar or Cesar - Caesar
Eudaf - Octavian
Padarn - Paternus
Tegid - Tacitus
Aergol - Agricola
Rhufain - Romanus
Cystennin - Constantinus.
Lladin - Latin
Groeg - Greek (language), but there's also a poetic word for the Greek language- Omeraeg, I.e. Homeric
Welsh has 7 vowel letters which represent, basically, 8 sounds: A E I O U W Y.
The first 4 are pronounced exactly as in Latin, they have long and short versions (I represents /i/ and /j/).
U /ɨ/ is sort of similar to the Y in the Latin pronounciation of Dionysus.
W has the same pronounciation as the Classical Latin V, I.e. /u/ and /w/.
Y can either be /ɨ/ or /ə/
Welsh consonants:
B C Ch D Dd F Ff G Ng H J L Ll M N O P Ph R Rh S T Th
B as in English Bat, never as in doubt or debt.
C as In Cat, never science, cell.
Ch as in Loch, or the Greek X, never as in church or mach.
D as in do
Dd as in the Th in This, Those
F as in English Of (v)
Ff as in English Off (F)
G as in Good, guy, never as in General.
Ng as in Sing
H as in hot, never as in hour honest.
J as in Jam or the g in general.
L as in Label
Ll as in Icelandic or the tl in Nahuatl.
M as in My
N as in No
P as in Pet.
Ph as in Physics
R - rolled/trilled R, not as in the French, English, German or Spanish Rs.
Rh - an aspirated R
S as in Sit, never as in dogS, fuSion, shut.
T as it Travel, never as in naTion
Th as in Thin, thought
you taught us how to say "on God" in Ancient Greek, now teach us how to say "no cap" in Latin
Null cap? Nullum caput?
The etymology is fuzzy with no cap. A translation of the meaning may be (excuse my poor grasp on Latin)
Nōn mentior (I'm not lying)
Or
Nōn hyperbolē (I'm not exaggerating)
A sillier translation based on the literal meaning of "no cap" is
Nullus petasus/pīleus
Omg!! This man is beyond stunning!! I want to put my face next to the arch of his foot!!
Yes, Luke, please do more! I was shocked several years ago when I learned that Athená's name at least in modern Greek is stressed on the last syllable.
In modern Greek Αθήνα is the city of Athens and Αθηνά is the goddess.
Omg!! This man is beyond stunning!! I want to put my face next to the arch of his foot!!
Of course we want to hear more about the link between space and mythology
Yes please! A video of classical names and celestial bodies please. Per Deus Pater!
Not Juno the 'beloved sisterwife' 😂💀
Hahaha
If I'm hearing correctly, you're pronouncing Z in Zeus (1:09) as ZD. It's interesting, because in Polish we call him either Zeus or Dzeus.
I also expected DZ, as the initial consonant, the dzeta.
It’s fascinating no?-he did a collab in this topic sometime back, and this exact point came up. It was legit to the period/region iirc
Here is a full explanation ruclips.net/video/fiSGxDV3JIQ/видео.htmlsi=cRlzHBfz3hLIHfv8
@@polyMATHY_Luke Thank you. Watching now.
Same in French.
So much information in a 20 minutes video! Very impressive!
I include Hades, Persephone AND Dionysus in my list. I know it's not correct but to me they're all deities who deserve respect. I'm a Catholic guy who LOVES history and this is just fun for me, Luke!
I've read an article about a connection between Apollo and the Celtic god Belenos. φαλός means white, as bʰel means shiny. The autor attested that the first Apollo temple was built in Delphi as a gift from a Celtic chieftain. Now how the phonological changes happened from Belenos to Apollon is a hell of a problem. The best explanation is always "most likely it is a pre Greek inheritance", cause it ends there, no further questions
A few years back, one of the etymology podcasts I listen to mentioned that in Magna Gracia they worshipped a version of Poseidon called Poseidon Neptune that the Romans eventually adopted and subsequently dropped the Poseidon and kept the Neptune (he used the Latin/Greek pronunciations, not my English spelling versions)
Yes, enim, recte. I would absolutely like to hear about (speaking of Vulcan) "The planets, space exploration, and all the fun etyomological and mythological connections there in".
Names/Pronunciations of ancient Roman and Greek cities would be interesting
Brilliant. I was always curious about how they were pronounced.
Space and planets etymology? Yes, yes, yes, absolutely! I've been waiting for that for YEARS!
I'd LOVE for you to cover it especially because you agree with the geophysical definition!
Then I will make a video like that for December!
@polyMATHY_Luke Thank you so much!
I can't believe how mesmerized, this video had me.
I was very happy that you included Hestia. As you said, in some accounts she gets replaced by Dionysus so I wasn't sure if she was going to be included.
Nice video. Although i have to say, in modern day greek pronunciation zeus is not called "zefs" but "thias", written "Δίας"
That is indeed the name of Zeus in Modern Greek; but the Ancient Greek name Ζεύς may be pronounced in Modern Greek Pronunciation as well as Ancient Greek Pronunciation; I demonstrate both in this video.
Originally Venus's Greek equivalent was "Eos", so they had the same PIE root. Aphrodite later took Eos spot.
Isaac Asimov wrote a non-fiction essay for Fantasy and Science Fiction magazine, later reprinted in some of his books of short essays, about the minor planet Ceres and the history of its discovery, followed by the discovery of the rest of the asteroids. Its title, using the English pronunciation, was of course “The World, Ceres.” He loved to make puns!
Nice!
Surprisingly entertaining, thank you
That “bain” (at 14:02) should be “bane; “bane” (from O.E. •bana•) is “ruin”, “enemy”, “destroyer” or “curse” but “bain” means “ready” or “willing” (from O.N. •beinn•) or even “bath” (from L. •baneum•).
Yup, a typo
Thank you for making this video! I would like to know more about the planets and their ties to mythology.
Thanks for letting me know! So it will be
@@polyMATHY_Luke As Ceres was discovered by a Sicilian, it's only right that it was named after Sicily's patron goddess.
15:50 in modern Scots messages is used to refer to the things you go to the shop to buy. I cannot imagine a direct path from Greek to Scots, or possibly a Gaelic root, but the similarity stood out.
Awesome video, I've been wanting to hear these names in their original pronunciation for awhile now, thanks so much! I'd always wondered why Apollo and Dionysus had the same names in Greek and Latin, as though the Romans forgot to file off the serial numbers of their lifted Gods...😉 Maybe do another video on Greco-Roman heroes or monsters next?
really, really interesting. thank you for this video. i hope there will be more.
I know a lot of people already said the same, but the AI pics look really cheap and do a real disservice for such a high quality and well-researched channel. Since google images is full of the stuff, the easiest way to avoid using them by accident is to filter the results to be from before 2020 or so, as there are so many amazing illustrations of gods created by real artists out there.
As I understand it, based on the Linear B inscription, Athens was the name of the city and the goddess was "the Lady of Athens" which became later Athena. The etymology is believed to be pre-Greek and non-PIE, but the meaning is unknown. Her true name might have been something with the PIE Men prefix, like Minerva or her alias Mentor in The Odyssey. Or perhaps is was simply Sophia.
The city gad different name in the beginning
Great idea. Maybe an ancient Roman and Greek cities pronunciation next?
Great suggestion!
Astronaut, doctor, pizza deliver, plumber and now Latin teacher. This man is awesome!
Many Years ago, when I first started teaching astronomy, an experienced professor needed to observe one lecture for evaluation. As it turned out, the lecture happened to be the moons of Jupiter. Instead of just teaching about the physical characteristics of the moons, I included a history of their names ( Discovered by Galileo but named by Johannes Kepler) and what the myths behind the names meant (Zeus was a seducer/rapist beyond belief. Lessons about abuse of power, hubris and all that).
Turns out that the observing professor was Greek! He forgot about reviewing the astronomy and was delighted by the myth stories. He was so happy that there was someone else in the physics department that knew about that stuff.
Hi. Excellent video. Thanks a lot. Ancient names were really beautiful: Athena, Juno, Demeter, Mars, etc...
Yes! Please do a video on the etymology of the planets/other cosmological objects.
I think I read in some book or magazine about mythology that the name Dyonisus had a cognate in other Indo-European languages like Hittite and maybe Persian, I'm not sure. Could it have been a deity the Greeks perhaps imported? I remember reading about Dyonisus or a similarly deity being worshipped before the classical period, maybe in the bronze age already. I think I also heard some historians and linguists talking about it on a radio show. It's been years since then and I don't quite remember the details. I used to read a lot about different mythologies
From the names of the goddesses, there are some interesting derivatives. You mentioned cereal, the equivalent in Greek is demetriaca. We can also mention venerial and aphrodisiac! And, of course, hermaphrodite, a compound of Hermes and Aphrodite, more poetic than the prosaic intersexual.
I know the Olympians were also done with the Metatron on his channel (great team-up), but I would like to see the dark pantheon, the Children of Nyx (is it Niks or Neeks?) so Nemesis, Eris, Hypnos, Thanatos, the Moirai, the Kyres, and all.
i was literally about to look up pronunciation guides for the gods so this comes at the perfect time. thank you!!! but if i may say so, please try to avoid using AI images in the future if you can. i would appreciate it as a longtime viewer of the channel and an artist myself.
also, i would love a part 2 and/or that video on vulcan!
Yehey thanks for doing this! Very informative.
This is making me want to play Age of Mythology
Me too
Prostagma 4 life
Omg!! This man is beyond stunning!! I want to put my face next to the arch of his foot!!
Side note: these are the deities the two pantheons share; many uniquely Greek and Roman ones are also attested, some of which were arguably even more prominent at different points in history.
Absolutely true. I was concentrating on the Twelve Olympians.
great video! more of this! thank you!
I may be mistaken but I am pretty sure that the little statuette you were holding while talking about Eros is based on probably the most famous ancient statue of Apollo (Apollo Belvedere). I don't know where you've got it from but it seems a bit weird to me why someone would have combined it with the inscription omnia vincit amor, when they could have chosen from some of the many beautiful depictions of Eros himself. Eros Farnese or Eros type Centocelle come to mind.
that's crasy man, thank you !!!
Plz make more videos like this.. So nice...
Poseidon/Ποσειδών may be etymologically related to “posis/πόσις=drink/draught» for which we have related Greek words “Ποτήρι=drinking glass”, “Ποταμός=River” and “Ποτό=drink”.
So it means “water god”.
“And….there you go”. 😆
+1 for the planets video
I'm surprised that French pronunciation of Greek gods' names are often closer to Attic Greek than Modern Greek is.
8:00 I didn't really need to know that the motion of the ocean was rocking the earth. 😂
Haha
Soldier boy audio makes this excellent video god level
Some of those AI images are so tacky and bad 😂
Intersting how "πόσις" and "posse" both share the same PIE root
Did we love it? Of course we did. Do we want more? I will not even dignify this with an answer ;)
Very kind!
You referenced Cratylus so I’m sure you’re aware, but in 401c-e Socrates connects the name of Hestia to οὐσία and ἔστιν. Later Platonic tradition (eg Sallustius, “On the Gods in the World” VI.3-4) connected her to the sphere of the Earth in the Ptolemaic system for this reason. It’s rather interesting that there’s research connecting her name to German “sein”; I wonder if the same can be said for forms of to be in Greek itself (that the Socratic interpretation could be more than just a folk / esoteric etymology).
The word for volcano (hephaestion) is connected to Hephaestus, in Greek as well. Right? Also, I had the impression that the 13th out of the... 12 was Hephaestos (being thrown by Hera, breaking his leg etc).
Yes, according to myth Hephaistos was a blacksmith. Even in modern Greek, the word for volcano is hephaisteio(n), meaning the (working) place of Hephaistos.
Third declension Latin nouns with nominatives ending in -o where -on would be expected (given the other cases' forms) seems to be a pervassive pattern that's independent from being a Greek import or not, right?
Yes.
Amazing!
Interesting. In Hungarian, a completely unrelated language to Latin and Greek the pronunciation of these names follow the Classical Latin and Greek pronunciations very closely.
9:59 Is there an English word for the fourth quarter moon, the shrinking one?
And of course we want the videos on planetary etymologies, an inexhaustible source of videos, I’m sure, especially if we also include surface features of the moons, minor planets, and planets. 😊
My favourite Olypmian is Poesidon. 😬
What about Atrophida?
yes, I want more on planets and space!
Great video
If Ζεύς comes from Proto-Hellenic "Dzéus" which indicates a /dz/ sound, why did that sound then become /zd/?
I explain here: ruclips.net/video/fiSGxDV3JIQ/видео.htmlsi=2eL0uaOa8LVxx2d2
Dionysus is also the origin of the modern name Dennis.
Another name for Apollo is Φοίβος. Also Apollo, was called Λοξίας.
Very interesting! Thx for this video.
Zeus: in German we say "Tsois".
I always thought, that Dionysos roman counterpart was Bacchus?
By a strange coincidence, the alternate name for Iūpiter, Iōve, has a classical pronunciation almost the same as the (assumed) pronunciation of the Hebrew name of God, יהוה, the Tetragrammaton, which was too sacred to be pronounced except once a year, by the High Priest, when he entered the Holy of Holies on Yom Kippur, alone with יהוה.
Indeed!
Probably not by coincidence. Very interesting thought.
Wheres the oft-used ‘Jehovah’ is clearly incorrect, it’s easier to see the similarity between Iōve (likely pronounced Yo-weh), and יהוה (likely pronounced Ye-ho-weh).
Given that that there is little evidence for any Hebrew Biblical texts earlier than the 5th century BCE, I suspect there was a lot of borrowing from ancient Greek.
I find it interesting how we in Denmark use names that are surprisingly close to the old greek pronunciation
Now we'll wait for the Age of Mythology video to hear the commands in Ancient Greek. We are Έτοιμος (Etimos)
is there any explanation for the irregular declension of Zeus in greek?
Like obviously it is both old and commonly-used which are two common criteria for words with irregular forms, but is there any explanation explanation for why *these* forms specifically
If you ever do another series and end up giving the pronunciation for Jove (by Jove!) I'm wondering if you could discuss the link between Iowé (as I assume it's pronounced) and Yahweh, the God of Israel.
I'm assuming they're linked and Iowé is an assimilated deity?
Would Jupiter be Tíw Fæder in Old English?
Absolutely
I was hoping for a bit of Saturn/Kronos and Caelus/Ouranos.
Absolutely interesting! Etymology is often revealing much more than one (ignorant) would expect. Despite my Greek and Latin studies (just 5 years at high school). More than "original" pronunciation I would say "correct" pronunciation. English speakers (mostly US) pronounce any word in any language as if it were English. Which is a bit appalling...
Palaeoglot(ta) arbitrātur nōmen “Vulcānus” vēnit *Velchānos, vel Γέλχāμος, nōmen Diós in Crētā
I have also seen Zeus as ΔΙΑΣ in modern Greek. Is this correct?
I grew up in Greece and speak perfectly greek. I confirm that Zeus is Δίας in modern greek.
Yes, Zeus is Δίας or ΔΙΑΣ in capital letters in modern greek.
@@mpmp9502Thank you!
I hope the percy jackson show follows this when speaking the old languages
Your thumbnail has misspelled Olympian, lol
Thanks!
During an earthquake the land becomes like the Sea. Simples.
Thank you! For my part, what I like the most is the comparative etymology... and, how on earth are theos an deus not related!?!
Sean Carroll has a great guest who translated Homer, in his latest vid.
Εγώ απορώ, αφού είναι ονόματα ελληνικών θεών γιατί οι ξένοι δεν τα προφέρουν ελληνιστί; πχ αρτεμις_artemis.... Ποσειδων_posidon, αθηνα_athina, τόσο απλά. Γιατί τα παραποιουν
Because the pronunciation from English ultimately comes from Latin, from Ancient Greek, which was pronounced very differently from Modern Greek.
Didn’t discuss the etymology of “Mars”
If we include Hestia in the Olympians, we have a balanced pantheon of 6 gods and 6 goddesses.
Quite so!
Now do the Chthonic gods and other gods.
Is latin "deus" pronounced as one syllable (like "dews" if I would anglicize its transliteration, with "eu" functioning as a diphthong) or as two syllables ("de-us")?
It's pronounced "de-us".
eu as "yoo" would only work if the e in Latin is a closed or almost closed vowel like "i", but Latin e is really open, more like German "ääh"
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@@bubalolo to my ears he's pronouncing it as one syllable with a diphthong, but everyone I ask about this (like the guy above in the comments) says it's two syllables. :(
Poetry shows that it's usually counted as two syllables, but language is rarely that rigid and you can of course pronounce it as one syllable
How does one correctly pronounce Leonidas in “Ancient Greek”?
leonída:s in Classical Attic Greek
leoníða:s in Koiné Greek
leoníðas in Modern Greek.
@ thanks a lot for responding this has been bugging me for YEARS.
My IPA is a bit rusty though.
What's up with Jove for Jupiter?
i'm really not a fan of the ai images in this video - i don't think finding the pictures on google images rather than generating them yourself solves the issues of the ai itself
All these are from Google Images. Like it or not, other than classical sculpture, these AI generated images dominate Google Images search results. Hence my using them.
@@polyMATHY_Luke You can search by date to avoid AI images, which mostly popped up the last couple years. It's not like the biggest issue in the world, but I admit the AI images bothered me too. If nothing else, because your channel puts a lot of emphasis on (linguistic) accuracy, and AI representations of Greek and Roman gods are always going to be wildly inaccurate to how the Greeks and Romans represented them
You know, plenty of images on Google are not free-use. You'd prefer he steal them or delay the video to seek permission that, if he is monetized, he may not be able to get anyways? The whole argument against AI is it recycles artists works. Stealing them from Google isn't a good work around.
@mellamanborrego8299 i would rather the video be delayed for that, yes, because i think it's important to support real artists
@@obonyxiam well, speak for yourself. There are many arguments we could make about the ethical value of various scenarios, but maybe you shouldn't watch + interact since you are boosting content that integrates AI. Or...keep interating, since it will lead to more exposure to this amazing channel regardless of your sensitivities
Interestingly enough, most German pronunciations of these names are almost identical or at least very similar to the original versions.
Omg!! This man is beyond stunning!! I want to put my face next to the arch of his foot!!
Form the lesser divinities, we can mention the three Graces: Euphrosyne, Aglaia and Thalia.
Also, the three fates: Lachesis, Atropos, Clotho. All of them women!
From the main goddesses, wisdom, beauty, agriculture and even hunting were personified by women!
*Mavors? Well, I'll havevto look that one up then...
so deus originated from Δίας ?
Deus and Δίας are cognates which originated in the proto-indo-european languages.
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