07 Envoy/Trailblazer windshield WASHERS not spraying WASHER fluid - how the WASHER pump gets power

The windshield WASHERS in my 2007 Envoy, Ruby Red, would not spray WASHER fluid onto the windshield. The windshield wipers worked like normal, but the WASHERS did not work. So, let's learn how the WASHER pump works so the WASHER pump can be properly diagnosed and Ruby Red can get WASHER fluid sprayed onto the windshield whenever visibility through the windshield is low and WASHER fluid is needed to be applied to the windshield.
There's no way that one video can cover every possibility of what could be preventing the WASHER pump from working. In this case, knowing how it works, along with other observations, points me in the right direction as far as what to test. I had three options, and although I got it on the first try, doing the other options (and ruling them out) would have lead to the same conclusion.
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The windshield WASHER pump (this fit Ruby Red, be sure to check compatibility):
amzn.to/2Qm8mCa