Parkinson's Disease, Animation
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- Опубликовано: 9 июн 2024
- (USMLE topics) Parkinson disease: pathology, symptoms, causes and treatments (medications and surgery).
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Parkinson's disease, or PD, is a neurodegenerative disorder in which DOPAMINE-producing neurons of a brain structure called the SUBSTANTIA NIGRA, are damaged and die over time, leading to a number of MOTOR problems and mental disabilities.
The substantia nigra is part of the basal ganglia, whose major function is to INHIBIT UNwanted motor activities. When a person intends to make a movement, this inhibition is removed by the action of dopamine. As dopaminergic neurons are progressively lost in PD patients, LOW levels of dopamine make it HARDER to INITIATE voluntary movements.
The events leading to neuronal cell death are poorly understood but the presence of so-called “Lewy bodies” in the neurons before they die may offer a clue and is currently the subject of intensive research.
Symptoms develop slowly over time; most prominent are MOTOR problems which include hand tremors, slow movements, limb rigidity and problems with gait and balance. These motor symptoms are collectively known as "PARKINSONISM". However, parkinsonism may also be caused by a variety of other factors, which must be excluded before a person can be diagnosed with PD. Other motor-related problems may include slurred speech and reduced facial expressions. In later stages, non-motor symptoms such as mood and behavioral changes, cognitive impairment and sleep disturbances… may be observed.
The cause of Parkinson's remains largely unknown but is likely to involve both genetic and environmental factors.
There is no cure for PD but current treatments are effective in managing motor symptoms:
First-line treatment involves medications which aim to INcrease dopamine levels in the brain. Major classes of medication include:
- Levodopa, a precursor of dopamine: levodopa can cross the blood brain barrier and is converted into dopamine inside the brain. Levodopa is the most effective of all medications but because it also produces dopamine elsewhere in the body, its side effects may become serious in the long-term. For this reason, levodopa is always administered together with some other drugs that inhibit its action OUTSIDE the brain.
- Dopamine agonists: substances that bind to dopamine receptors and mimic the action of dopamine.
- Another class of drugs includes INHIBITORS of enzymes that break down dopamine.
For people who do NOT respond to medications, surgery may be recommended. The most commonly performed procedure, deep brain stimulation, involves the implantation of a device called a neurostimulator, which sends electrical impulses to specific parts of the brain. By doing so, the device controls brain activities to relieve symptoms.
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Hello ma'am what's the cause for mental disability??
my father past away a week ago. he diagnosed with pd since he was 40. the most heartbreaking thing i saw in life is to see him deteriorating so badly that he couldn't walk without falling every few minutes and could not talk properly until no one could understand him And he could not control his jaw and would drool endlessly.even though he became a shell of his former self he never complained. he fought through everything. He fought to live another day.he was so strong but the combination of pd and covid 19 that he got in nursing home was too much.. he even overcame covid after 2 weeks which he was sedated and ventilated.He recovered but got pneumonia and a hole in his lung.and he couldn't fight anymore.he was a true hero.i'm so sad. he suffered so much.he didn't saw anything good in his life just fought to survive.r.i.p. father. i will carry on your legacy to hold on to life and fight everything and never surrender
Sorry about your father. My sister and I were both diagnosed with Parkinson's a couple of years ago. My sister passed away a couple of months ago. She had the same symptoms as your father. It turned out she was misdiagnosed as having Parkinson's. She actually had MSA (multiple symptom atrophy) which can be mistaken for Parkinson's. From reading your message, I would say that your father actually had MSA.
i’m leaving
Very heartbreaking 💔 story. I am so sad to hear this.
easy to understand with really excellent presentation
I wish I had found you earlier. Your explanations are simple and clear. The perfect teacher
Really appreciable the way this visuals helps to understand the basic concepts of the disease.
Your videos are always great.I love your videos all time.
Nice presentation, worth watching. It helps me remember the main facts confortably. Thank you!
a wonderful video very short and precise..thank you
a
Thank you!
Amazing presentation! Helped soooooo much.
Phopl
BEAUTIFULLY AND EASILY EXPLAINED USING SIMPLE TERMS & LANGUAGE. GOOD JOB. ANY LAME MAN CAN ALSO EASILY GET IT.
Thanks a lot.... Sir
Thanks
Thanks for making our MBBS syllabus easy
Thank you very much. This video is also very useful for Indonesians, Filipinos, and Vietnamese who are aiming for the national examination. Parkinson's disease is often asked in the exam, so if I understand the points, I can score.
Whree are you from?
Thanks mam for your information 💕💐🙏🏼
thank you so much. you are a life saver 💞💕
Thank you💜 This really helped me in my biology project.
Thank you ❤
Very Informative
Thank you
nice explanation
thank you 👍
WOOOOOOAAAH!
This explanation is a masterpiece
Great work😘
Best explanation
Great❤👍
Thank you. What a posotive video .
Help me Parkinson's disease 2006 saw😢😢😢😢 sir
I'm basically guaranteed to have this later down in my life😢
How?
@@kisshorekumar4331 my great grandparents had Parkinson's disease and I have this disorder that makes me sleepwalk a bunch and for some reason 70% of people with this disorder will go onto have Parkinson's or dementia
@@Smartfellasociety Maybe you're one of the 30% that won't have the disease. Don't worry about what will happen in the future. Focus on what you're having today.
@@Storm-vl3li you know i hope so
Even if there is genetic predisposition you may not get PD if ur susceptibility is high🤞🏻
Great
I got parkinson now ill be 65 april.1 my syptons are getting harder to deal with quickly i have 3 children and devorced question what do you know about turning glieal cells of the brain into neurons human trials i was into cbs in my 4yr honorably dis charged duty at a young age 17 yrs please help me
Helloo sir you can have a neurosurgery asap
Hi I have lived with Parkinsons Disease all my life it has caused me so much pain & discomfort through out my life I'm currently 29 years old & I have Parkinsons Disease & soon I'll be taking HGH Hormone Shot Therapy
May the creator heal you.May he give you strength to keep fighting...Let his will be done.
Excellent,🤍
beautiful
This might help. Take Vitamin B1 to tackle jerking body, quivering mouth and tightening of toe muscles.
For my case I usually take 2 tablets each time, once a week.
There are times, seldom, I take 2 tablets each time twice a week.
Inbrija is the most effective medication I’ve taken for my Parkinson’s disease. It’s an inhaler device so it works immediately unlike a pill that take almost an hour to start working.
Whats that ?
Lost my mom 4 years ago to PD
👍🏻
Mam, I have congenital parkisons desease how to treat it? 🙏🙏🙏
🙏
Doesn't run in my family but I was curious. Dementia does however run in my family 😅😅😅😅
Depressing. Like for real.
Q- Why can't Dopamine cross the BBB itself?
A- This is because the dopamine molecule is too polar to cross the blood-brain barrier, and thus cannot enter the brain.
Pl can someone tell me what was said at 0:48
"The events leading to neurono........"
“ Neuronal cell death “ is what’s said.
I came here after watchin Muhammad Ali's documentry😭.
Rip legend
Check for tapeworms immediately!!!!!
Quick thought, why don’t nanobots (similar to that used in eye treatments) help encourage neurogenesis (the growth of new brain cells)? The technology has been used to treat colorblindness and other impairments by removing cells, or stimulating the growth of new cells by supplying certain chemicals needed for regeneration of cells. It would be easy for the nanobots to reach this portion of the brain, and they could leave the brain without much effort compared to implants, which are generally permanent. If genetics are an issue, crispr may also be an option as it can target, and replace, specific gene markers to that of a healthy person. This could really go a long way in the next 10 years if scientists put their minds to it.
I have a couple of symptoms but to be fair I was smoking weed on a regular basis up until 2 weeks ago, so it might just be that or anxiety and depression
Today PD is 10 Marks in Our Final Year Exams. 🤪😅😷
Parkinson’s disease or PD is neuro degenerative disorder in which dopamine producing neutrons of a brain structure called the substantia Nigra are damaged and die over time, leading to a number of motor problems and mental disabilities the substantia nigra is part of the basal ganglia whose major function is to inhibit unwanted motor activities.when person indents to make a movement,this inhibition is removed by the action of dopamine.as dopaminergic neurons are progressively lost in PD patients,low level of dopamine make it harder to initiative voluntary movements.the events leading to neuronal cell death are poorly understood but the presence or so called Lewy bodies in the neurons before they die may offer a clue and is currently the subject of intensive research .symptoms develop slowly over time ,most prominent are motor problems which include hand tremors,slow movements,limb rigidity and problems with gait and balance.these motor symptoms are collectively known as Parkinsonism
How over Parkinsonism may also be caused by a variety of other factors.which must be excluded before a person can be diagnosed with PD .other motor related problems may include slurred speech and reduced facial expressions.in later stages,non motor symptoms such as mood and behaviour changes ,congestive impairment and sleep disturbances..may be observed the cause of Parkinson’s remain largely unknown but is likely to involve both genetic and environmental factors there are no cure for PD but current treatments are effective in managing motor symptoms first line treatment involves medications which aim to increase dopamine level in the brain .major classes of medication include:levodopa,a precursor of dopamine:levodopa can cross the blood brain barrier and is converted into dopamine inside the brain.levodopa is the most effective of all medications but because it also produces dopamine elsewhere in the body.it’s side effects may become serious in the long term.for this reason,levodopa is always administered together with some other drugs that inhibit its action outside the brain.dopamine agonist:substances that bind to dopamine receptors and mimic the action of dopamine.another class of drugs includes inhibitors of enzymes that break down dopamine
Help me to parkinsas to infarmashan
2006 as parkansa dazez ha 😢😢😢plz help me
പാർക്കിൻസൺസ്. വികലാംഗർ. കോങ്കണ്ണ് . എന്നിവ മർമ കല ചികിത്സ യിലൂടെ സുഖപ്പെടുത്തുന്നു
WhatsApp no. 7510528327
Why does it take 3 min for me to understand compared to my professor, which takes hours 😒
Lithium Citrate is the Cure 🎉
5billion american dollars
10 billion need from v
Hope mr putin recovers soon from this disease
Thank you
Thank you ❤️