And another way to remember the NADH and FADH2 synthesis location on the cycle is to notice how the enzymes are all dehydrogenases, and if you just memorize succinate dehydrogenase is the one that makes FADH2, then the rest make NADH !! Over all great series though man.
Very good, Gilbert Collado. One shoud have a minimum of knowledge even though it's "dirty". And this knowledge is going to be used in many other important cases.
Omg I love how he says Isocitrate like 48 times while emphasizing the importance of remembering that one part of the cycle and continues to repeat is over and over lol. I've honestly learned so much from this guy. Love the channel
8:47 Another mnemonic for everyone: Remember that the word "dehydrogenase" means to rip off a hydrogen atom and put it on something else. For every dehydrogenase enzyme shown on the diagram, an NADH and an FADH2 molecule is formed. There are only 4 of them.
All memorization, med school 1972-73, first year. Now retired fully. I never used most of the biochem. Still unconvinced of the need to force students to memorize this. What would happen if biochem exams were given open book format. My field was Radiation Oncology. Physics was really important, biochem less so.
Note the 20 positive responses. The biochem reactions just happen unless toxic substances block key reactions. Still think this is worth testing, but open book format preferrred, not numbing memorization. In the toxicology portion of pharmacology(usually 2nd year), relevant, clinically useful biochem is presented, sometimes. Teaching of first year med school is in serious need of a curriculum overhaul, IMHO.
I am a prospective med student myself, but I have many colleagues who finished med school recently and most of them agree that with Biochem, there are only really 3 to 4 pathways you should know and the rest is just overkill......
Amazing series!!! Not only the videos are made to the perfection, but also the comments (especially under this video) are very helpful. Thank you all for sharing! These videos are life-saving👍👍👍
My own mnemonic: Obviously (Oxaloacetate) Citrate (Citrate) Is (Isocitrate) A (alpha-ketoglutarate) SillY (SuccinYl-CoA) Stupid (Succinate) Funny (Fumarate) Molecule (Malate) (Obviously) (Oxaloacetate) - depends on where you prefer to start describing the TCA cycle
omg thank you sm! this chapter used to give me nightmares, test is just a week later and now i have confidence that I'll top it, definitely one of the best channels out there
@@jacquelineagyeman6898 ah, na I'm Indian, I live in India, this chapter was in our syllabus too, though a bit different but this video still did the job
You are a great teacher. You are so clear explaining concepts. I have seen lots of biochemistry videos online but others do not expone as good as you do.
Another mnemonic for this: Can (citrate) I (isocitrate) Keep (alpha-Ketoglutarate) Selling (Succinyl co A) Sex (succinate) For (Fumarate) Money (malate) officer (oxaloacetate)
Oh, just did a UWorld question showing the cycle and asking which step generates the GTP needed for gluconeogenesis. Answer is Succinyl CoA to Succinate.
My first time taking Biochem Thank you so much 🙏🏽 After your review today , this pneumonic for NADH came to my mind I AM NADH Isocitrate ,alpha- ketoglutarate, Malate
8:45 The best thing about the letter "O" is that it's "literally" not next to the letter "N", lol! Btw, you definitely are saving my ass when it comes to biochemistry! THANKS!
If you're a spanish speaker and have trouble with the krebs cycle (even with these AMAZING videos) I highly suggest Ciclo de Krebs Rap Educativo by Rap de Medicina, absolute masterpiece and a fire song lol
Mnemonic to help remember which enzymes make stuff MINK FurS: M - Malate dehydrogenase I - Isocitrate Dehydrogenase N - The 3 enzymes in this word make NADH K - a-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase FurS -Fadh2 made by Succinate dehydrogenase Also all of them end in dehydrogenase
instead of remembering they are in the middle of the alphabet, you can take note that the all start with letters that occur between N and H (I, K, M). So NadH producing dehydrogenases are between N and H, super easy!
When he mentions Oxaloacetate as classically being the end of the alphabet hence does not produce NADH2, the first thing that came to mind is O - Omega being the end of the Greek (classical) alphabet. If that helps.
This is my way of remembering it: Can (Citrate) I (Isocitrate) Keep (alpha-Ketoglutarate) Sucking (Succinyl- CoA) Salt (Succinate) From (Fumarate) My (Malate) Office (oxaloacetate)
Can (citrate) I (isocitrate) Keep (alpha-Ketoglutarate) successfully (Succinyl co A) stealing(succinate) From (Fumarate) my (malate) office (oxaloacetate)?
"This should be fairly obvious." Im sorry im so simple minded that its not obvious for me HUHUHU But thank you, this was highly educational and understandable. This was very much needed.
Chandratte, look at my commentary! It is not ATP that is produced directly in the Krebs cycle. It's GTP! It occurs at the rx catalysed by succinateDH! The ATPs will be formed through the oxidations of NADH and FADH2 in the electron transport chain.
You should tell my teacher it's not important to memorize the enzymes... We have to memorize enzymes, chemical structures, byproducts, etc. for this, gluconeogenesis, fatty acid catabolism, and ox phos.... For one test..
lol wait, I'm sorry. O is considered the back of the alphabet and isn't sufficiently close to N? It's literally the next letter. LMNOP are usually said in one breath haha. The rest of this video was awesome, but that was a huuuuuuuge suspension of disbelief.
![BLACK BAG - Official Trailer [HD] - Only in Theaters March 14](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/Du0Xp8WX_7I/mqdefault.jpg)
And another way to remember the NADH and FADH2 synthesis location on the cycle is to notice how the enzymes are all dehydrogenases, and if you just memorize succinate dehydrogenase is the one that makes FADH2, then the rest make NADH !! Over all great series though man.
That how I'm remembering it. And if you keep forgetting which one is FADH2, just remember: "it succs to get a F" haha!
lol
Very good, Gilbert Collado. One shoud have a minimum of knowledge even though it's "dirty". And this knowledge is going to be used in many other important cases.
@@Its_semio Perfect now this is in my mind forever
yeah 'dehydrogenase' come from the fact that the substrate is losing hydrogen to nad/fad+ , just to help the understanding a bit
Omg I love how he says Isocitrate like 48 times while emphasizing the importance of remembering that one part of the cycle and continues to repeat is over and over lol. I've honestly learned so much from this guy. Love the channel
8:47 Another mnemonic for everyone: Remember that the word "dehydrogenase" means to rip off a hydrogen atom and put it on something else. For every dehydrogenase enzyme shown on the diagram, an NADH and an FADH2 molecule is formed. There are only 4 of them.
All memorization, med school 1972-73, first year. Now retired fully. I never used most of the biochem. Still unconvinced of the need to force students to memorize this. What would happen if biochem exams were given open book format. My field was Radiation Oncology. Physics was really important, biochem less so.
Note the 20 positive responses. The biochem reactions just happen unless toxic substances block key reactions. Still think this is worth testing, but open book format preferrred, not numbing memorization. In the toxicology portion of pharmacology(usually 2nd year), relevant, clinically useful biochem is presented, sometimes. Teaching of first year med school is in serious need of a curriculum overhaul, IMHO.
I am a prospective med student myself, but I have many colleagues who finished med school recently and most of them agree that with Biochem, there are only really 3 to 4 pathways you should know and the rest is just overkill......
Please write for the USMLE hahaha
Not like that on the exams anymore
Amazing series!!! Not only the videos are made to the perfection, but also the comments (especially under this video) are very helpful. Thank you all for sharing! These videos are life-saving👍👍👍
The simplicity and memorability of your videos is astounding
My own mnemonic:
Obviously (Oxaloacetate)
Citrate (Citrate)
Is (Isocitrate)
A (alpha-ketoglutarate)
SillY (SuccinYl-CoA)
Stupid (Succinate)
Funny (Fumarate)
Molecule (Malate)
(Obviously) (Oxaloacetate) - depends on where you prefer to start describing the TCA cycle
This was actually very helpful, thank you : )
Cool 👍🏾 thanks 😊
Thank youuuu
Thank you so much 😊 !! The mnemonic helped me learn this very fast
Thank you
omg thank you sm! this chapter used to give me nightmares, test is just a week later and now i have confidence that I'll top it, definitely one of the best channels out there
Are at UF cos my exams is next week too.
@@jacquelineagyeman6898 what do you mean by UF?
UF is university of Florida
@@jacquelineagyeman6898 ah, na I'm Indian, I live in India, this chapter was in our syllabus too, though a bit different but this video still did the job
01:05 TCA Cycle Goal
03:37 TCA Cycle Overview
04:17 Rate Limiting Enzyme
05:11. Regulatory Mechanisms
07:55. TCA Cycle mneumonic
08:20 TCA Cycle Final Overview
08:26. NADH mneumonic
09:46 FADH mneumonic
You are a great teacher. You are so clear explaining concepts. I have seen lots of biochemistry videos online but others do not expone as good as you do.
AMAZING VIDEO!! I knew this video would simplify TCA cycle but I had no idea it'd be this good. Thank you so much!
Man you're the best, Compressed complete 3 chapters in 20 minutes.
Another mnemonic for this:
Can (citrate) I (isocitrate) Keep (alpha-Ketoglutarate) Selling (Succinyl co A) Sex (succinate) For (Fumarate) Money (malate) officer (oxaloacetate)
Even better is the fact that it ties with the mnemonic for the rate-limiting enzyme beautifully!
this is a good one!!
hahahahahahahaha!
an (citrate) I (isocitrate) Keep (alpha-Ketoglutarate) Selling (Succinyl co A) Sex (succinate) For (Fumarate) Money (malate) officer
😂😂😂 you are the best
You are a life saver. Thank you for all your videos!
Incredible video! So much better than the others on here for TCA.
Oh, just did a UWorld question showing the cycle and asking which step generates the GTP needed for gluconeogenesis. Answer is Succinyl CoA to Succinate.
You're the best out there. Amazing compilation and presentation. Thank you, sir!
You sir, are a genius. Thank you for your time
Thank you for this! If you ever revisit this topic, could you consider including the important cofactors/vitamins?
My first time taking Biochem Thank you so much 🙏🏽
After your review today , this pneumonic for NADH came to my mind
I AM NADH
Isocitrate ,alpha- ketoglutarate, Malate
Thank you sooooooo much. Now I understand all this. You'll be the only reason I pass microbio.
You are amazing. This just made my life so much easier. I thank you
8:45
The best thing about the letter "O" is that it's "literally" not next to the letter "N", lol!
Btw, you definitely are saving my ass when it comes to biochemistry!
THANKS!
wow, you explained two entire lectures in 10 minutes!!!!
Really hated Biochemistry during my 1st year of mbbs...wished these videos were available in those days..
If you're a spanish speaker and have trouble with the krebs cycle (even with these AMAZING videos) I highly suggest Ciclo de Krebs Rap Educativo by Rap de Medicina, absolute masterpiece and a fire song lol
This video helped me a lot during my exam🙏
Thank you !!!
This channel is saving me rn 😭😍
2 plus 3 is 5 and 5 plus 2 is 7; these reactions in the pathway are the locations of NADH synthesis.
Mnemonic to help remember which enzymes make stuff
MINK FurS:
M - Malate dehydrogenase
I - Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
N - The 3 enzymes in this word make NADH
K - a-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
FurS -Fadh2 made by Succinate dehydrogenase
Also all of them end in dehydrogenase
instead of remembering they are in the middle of the alphabet, you can take note that the all start with letters that occur between N and H (I, K, M). So NadH producing dehydrogenases are between N and H, super easy!
I AM NAD (not a doc)
=Isocitrate, Alpha-ketoglutarate, Malate all use NAD.
Wow! wonderfully Explained.
a mnemonic could be
Citrate- citrate
Is- isocitrate
A- alphaketoglutrate
Special- succinyl coA
Substrate- succinate
For- fumerate
Making- malate
Oxaloacetate- oxaloacetate
Also succinyl-CoA to Succinate produces GTP which can be high yield!
I CAN'T THANK YOU ENOUGH
Citrate is(isocitrate) krebs(alpha ketoglutarate) starting(succinyl coA) substrate(succinate) for( fumarate) making(malate) oxaloacetate
Id say that the letter O is definitely in the middle since it’s part of the great letter ELEMENO
you are the best
the NADH or FADH will go with where DH, that is the way that remember them
Amazing presentation and great explanation.
I am NADH find me
They are found right after those alphabets
I : Isocitrate
A: alpha KG
M: Malate
Aconitase enzyme is also important. Rat poison, fluoroacetate inhibit that enzyme
nice way of explaining
When he mentions Oxaloacetate as classically being the end of the alphabet hence does not produce NADH2, the first thing that came to mind is O - Omega being the end of the Greek (classical) alphabet. If that helps.
Hey love, just wanted to point out that NADH &FADH are generated wherever there is a dehydrogenase. Hope it helps.
Thanks so much don✊
U deserve more subscribers
I love you and your videos!! ❤️ 😭🙏
Another Mnemonic:
Can I Keep Seeling Seashells For Money Officer?
Thank you so much for this video
lol wasn't wearing headphones and this blasted while my fam was eating lunch haha love the mnemonic for this one!
HEY EVERYONE! LET THE ADS RUN FOR THIS CHANNEL! IT'S THE LEAST WE CAN DO!
This is my way of remembering it:
Can (Citrate) I (Isocitrate) Keep (alpha-Ketoglutarate) Sucking (Succinyl- CoA) Salt (Succinate) From (Fumarate) My (Malate) Office (oxaloacetate)
Thank you, I will never forget this again! 😁
I immediately felt like I had been trolled when you got the point. How tf did I even end up here?
Can (citrate) I (isocitrate) Keep (alpha-Ketoglutarate) successfully (Succinyl co A) stealing(succinate) From (Fumarate) my (malate) office (oxaloacetate)?
Wooww🙏🏼🙏🏼
"This should be fairly obvious."
Im sorry im so simple minded that its not obvious for me HUHUHU
But thank you, this was highly educational and understandable. This was very much needed.
bro this helped me a lot I mean seriously thhanksssssssss a lottttttttt
Thank you!
U save for exam. Thank uu
I wish this video was around the first time I took microbiology
Kim as Nadh K- keto glutarate, I iso citrate m malate
NaDH
Every alphabet alternate before N
M-K-I
Thank you so much
AMAZING!
amazing
Thanks a lot for such helpful videos !!! 👍
thanks
Very helpful !
Thumbs up sir kreb's cycle made easier
This is the dirtiest mnemonic yet. Well done!
I love you, officialy I can create a fan website for you
Pease upload gluconeogenesis video
Thank you :)
COULD YOU PLEASE TELL WHERE IS THE ATP PRODUCED IN HERE??
Chandratte, look at my commentary! It is not ATP that is produced directly in the Krebs cycle. It's GTP! It occurs at the rx catalysed by succinateDH! The ATPs will be formed through the oxidations of NADH and FADH2 in the electron transport chain.
How long does this take in the body?
وااااو ،جيد جدا
Thank you
Thanks so much doc
Where is the gluconeogenesis video? Cant find it
Tricyclic Antidepressants
lol i like these videos but that alphabet mnemonic was wild.
Mead acid synthesis? - haven't found cycle anywhere.
Our teacher showed this video in class and when the mnemonic was shown he was like what the hell, do not see this video it has dirty language
Thanks so much. I appreciate the effort to make me understand
thank u
where did the mnemonic go?
yeah i dont see any dirty mnemonic here that everybody is talking about
how are 10 ATPS generated in TCA?
Must remember not to shout these mnemonics out loud at home though I live with my grandma
AWESOME!
if i could only get a dollar for every time he says isocitrate
You should tell my teacher it's not important to memorize the enzymes... We have to memorize enzymes, chemical structures, byproducts, etc. for this, gluconeogenesis, fatty acid catabolism, and ox phos.... For one test..
Same I feel you
A CIA Supervisor Should Find their Modus Operandi
It's fumerasing😂😂😂🏌️
Please sir download molecular biology
Subtitulos spanish please
KIM MAKES NADH
Haha. definitely a dirty mnemonic. thank you
You can just remember I.K.M
lol wait, I'm sorry. O is considered the back of the alphabet and isn't sufficiently close to N? It's literally the next letter. LMNOP are usually said in one breath haha. The rest of this video was awesome, but that was a huuuuuuuge suspension of disbelief.
mentally O is where the end of the alphabet starts for me. It's like rounding, 1-4.9999999999 is low but as soon as you hit 5, thats when you round up
My mnemonic is: "Cee, I kiss SSaFe MoOn" (the crypto coin lol)
And "it Sucks to get an F" for FADH2