Forgotten Countries of the Southern Cone | South America
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- Опубликовано: 9 июл 2024
- South America, is the world’s fourth-largest continent. It’s history spans 14,000-15,000 years, likely beginning when people first crossed the Bering Land Bridge. As might be expected, many countries have come and gone during this period of time. Some of which left their mark, while others have been largely forgotten.
This was true as well during the 19th century, a time of change that saw the old Spanish Empire give way to new countries following the May Revolution and Congress of Tucumán. Following this, in 1816, the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (aka the United Provinces of South America) declared independence.
It was not alone: from an unrecognized kingdom at the continent’s southernmost tip (the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia) to a republican uprising centered in Rio Grande do Sul (the Riograndense Republic) and the last days of a mysterious outpost (Rapa Nui) in an isolated corner of the Pacific.
In this video, we’ll be looking at forgotten countries from a particular subregion known as the Southern Cone, but if you’d like to explore other parts of South America, check out @SignoreGalilei 's video: • South America's Forgot...
#southamerica #countries #history #ghostcountries
CHAPTERS
00:00 Intro
00:32 Where is the Southern Cone?
01:02 United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
02:18 Federal League / League of the Free Peoples
03:05 Republic of Entre Ríos
04:17 Republic of Tucumán
05:03 Argentine Confederation and State of Buenos Aires
05:41 Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia
07:35 Riograndense Republic and Juliana Republic
09:34 Kingdom of Chile / Patria Vieja and State of Chile
10:38 Socialist Republic of Chile
11:27 Kingdom of Rapa Nui
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Intro Animation / Character Design: Emily Clearwater
(iamprettyawesome.co.nz)
Thanks so much Ghost Countries! This was such a fun collab, let's do one again some time!
Definitely; there's a lot more extinct countries for us to cover!
There are more, República Juliana.
@@carinaslima
THE SOUTHERN CONE IS A COUNTRY AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
As an Argentinian I wanted to mention that the name "Provincias Unidas del Río de la Plata" is still recognized as an official name for the country to this day, to the point that it's still used in one of the coins alongside "República Argentina", and it can also be sometimes seen in other official stuff.
And even if the federals lost the war against the unitarians, argentina uses a federational system of economy known as co-participation. So we are an unitarian country with a federal system, tho its up to debate if the federal system is being put to practice or its just an excuse to say "yes we are a federation, dont worry" to the other states or provinces of the country.
@@mercadonorCoparticipation make provinces economically dependent of both Buenos Aires. Don't think so.
@@javiksi yes, that's why I said that it was just a façade but people don't realise this
@@mercadonor Boe por qué hablábamos en idioma cipayo
@@javiksi jajaja
great video.
i'm uruguayan and i wanted to add that as the republic of entre ríos had the federal league's flag, Uruguay also recognizes the league's flag as official of the country today and the Federal League is viewed by many as the predecessor of the modern state of Uruguay.
and in fact, José Gervasio Artigas is viewed the national hero of the nation, which is funny because he opposed the idea of an independent Banda Oriental since he viewed (as most Uruguayans did at the time) all the United Provinces as one country.
Claro, el conflicto de Artigas al final fue con Buenos Aires (estaba contra el Estado centralista). Igualmente lo que hoy es Argentina sigue centralista...Brasil no.
Lo de Artigas héroe de la nación es otro invento obviamente. Lord Ponsonby es el nombre más correcto, je. Después de todo, los orientales de esa época no fueron consultados si querían ser argentinos, brasileños o independientes. ¿qué decidiríamos hoy en día?...Of course, Artigas's conflict in the end was with Buenos Aires (he was against the centralist state). Likewise, what is today Argentina is still centralist...Brazil is not.
The thing about Artigas, hero of the nation, is obviously another invention. Lord Ponsonby is the more correct name, heh. After all, the orientals of that time were not asked if they wanted to be Argentine, Brazilian or independent. What would we decide today?......(I'm Uruguayan obviously)..
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
*Cisplatinan*
United Provinces of the Río de la Plata and the Argentine Confederation are still today two of the 3 official names of Argentina (The third and most used is the Argentine Republic), so they are not extinct countries, but rather the only ones in the list that survive today.
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
I was really surprised someone outside Brazil actually mentioned Rio Grande (do Sul). I live very next to the border with Uruguay and your video was spot on regarding the region's history. Keep the good work my guy
Hey, thank you so much! Being honest, aside from the Rio Grande, I think the Republic of Acre has always really interested me too. But, to your point, I think very few people outside Brazil would know of that one either…hahaha
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Another great video! South American countries and their histories are largely overlooked
Oh, I definitely agree with you there! We're going to be launching a poll soon for people to vote on some of the countries covered in this overview that we can do a more in-depth video about in the future. So, be sure to vote. 🗳️
I'm from Rio Grande do Sul, we are still proud of what our state fought for, and it's customs even if the Ragamuffin war happended almost 200 years ago, we even have a holiday for that, but there's isn't much of an active separatist movement anymore, although, many on the rural regions would probably be on favour of it. All things considered, great video!
Oh, thank you Mattineu; that's really interesting, nice to know the area's history is still being remembered even today. If we do an in-depth video we'll explore the topic more and we've actually had quite a few requests for the Riograndense Republic, etc.
mlk vc toma grama com agua
Perdeu kkkkkkkkkk
@@A.B.O.D.N.I.P.e vocês tomam bala de fuzil
Rio Grande do Sul independente
I'm a dual US-Argentine citizen who had to study Argentine history in depth in order to revalidate my (US) high school degree and holy shit is it wild. Interesting, but so complicated.
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
I only learned about a couple of these from the Victoria II Historical Flavour Mod, but it’s awesome to learn more about background behind them.
Oh, that's interesting; I still have to get around to playing Victoria 3! We'll be going into even more detail on some of these countries and should have a poll to vote on which one tomorrow.
@@GhostCountries With all good intentions in mind...don't play Victoria 3. It just ain't worth it.
Good video anyways.
@@anti-spiral159
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Expelled, arrested, declared insane and sent to France lol 😂sounds like punishment enough to me
AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
You take on some seriously complex topics and somehow make them brief and interesting. Wow.
Thank you Tina; we’re aiming to do some less deep overview videos like this going forward to give a feel for some of the countries we may cover!
We also had São Paulo. Which didn’t declare independence but basically survived as a de facto independent state during the constitutional war in Brazil. They had a government and a military.
Actually, we talk a little bit about São Paulo in our video about the history behind Brazil’s flag. That being said, I honestly would really like to explore São Paulo’s story more in a regular episode and, personally, I think think they’ve got a pretty nice flag design.
@@GhostCountries about "Entradas e bandeiras"?
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Hi, im gaucho, from rio grande do sul and live in santa catarina. We have our own culture but also considered part of sulista culture (southener). But in reality, as a brazilian gaucho, we are more similar to argentina and Uruguai.
Oh, hey; thank you so much for commenting. That’s really interesting to know! I think we’ll definitely be coming back to revisit some of these countries in more detail in future episodes!
Muy cierto hermano brasilero, viva la Liga de Pueblos Libres y la República do Piratiní, viva la Libertad, mueran todos los imperios
@@gastonalbin907 Callate.
Ave Glória, Ave Império!
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Very interesting to learn about these South American short-lived states!
Thanks Stefan, really glad you liked the video! We’ll be doing others for different parts of the world.
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SOUTH OF BRAZIL URUGUAY
THE SOUTHERN CONE IS A COUNTRY AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
I will improve my pronunciation of Antoine Tounens whenever we do a in-depth video on the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia! 😅
Soy de la Provincia de Santa Cruz Patagonia Argentina y ese frances Orlie Antoine Tounens estaba bien crazy...😂
@@javiermartinmehdi1914
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Subscribed, I'm Chilean and even though I knew about most of this short lived countries I found this video very well researched and a great summary of the events and context for when these countries happened. Also, great pronunciation of the places with native and Spanish/Portuguese names, it shows your effort.
Thank you so much Lucio; I do try my best with pronunciations and even though I can speak English, Japanese, and some Arabic, I know I can't get everything on point all the time...but I do try! 😅
Definitely will be looking forward to your thoughts on our Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia when it comes out.
Somos el mejor pais de chile
I'm also a chilean and I must concur. I do not mind the pronunciation, those of us who speak with an accent (I speak for myself) accept that a foreign language can be hard to learn and to speak it has tremendous merit. I appreciate the work and I enjoyed the content. Regards.
@@unpapucomoculquierotro
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
First video I watch of yours and I already subscribed.
Being a Uruguayan who loves history, I know quite a bit about some of these countries, but I never see them being talked about anywhere.
So, thanks and good job researching!! :)
Oh, thank you so much; we definitely try covering what’s not typically covered on the channel and will be revisiting these countries in long-format videos down the line too!
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Good job 🇦🇷🇧🇷🇨🇱🇵🇾🇺🇾
Oh, thank you! 🙌 We’re definitely planning to get more South American content out on the channel this year, including some long-format videos about specific countries.
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Even though I am Chilean and I disagree with the extent of Orelíe's claim into Argentina, the way he planned his Kingdom would have make for quite an epic historical event.
Yeah, it definitely is one of those big alternative history “what-ifs.” Oh, and fyi, the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia won our community poll; so, we’ll be covering it in a regular episode at some point!
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Great video as always guys! So happy to see signore gallile’s channel, love his geographic analysis videos. Also you guys are taking about a very overlooked part of the world and still made it very interesting, good job!
Oh, thank you so much; if you haven’t, vote in our poll about which country from the video you’d like to see covered in a more in-depth video! Because, yeah; I completely agree. A lot of South American history is completely overlooked and we’re aiming to get more content from that continent 😅 out sometime this year.
Although, it’s outside the scope of the Southern Cone, I can definitely say a video about the Republic of Acre will happen!
@@GhostCountries already did! Picked the two kingdoms especially want to see Patagonia
@@GhostCountries oh interesting as well, they all seem to have pretty cool names
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Another well done video!! I learned so much, again The maps are looking quite good
Thank you so much; we're still tweaking things here and there, but I definitely think it's an improvement from our earlier videos.
THE SOUTHERN CONE IS A COUNTRY AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Thanks for a video for the Cono Sur. Not only South America is different from Latin America, as the Cono Sur countries are quite different from the rest of South America
Glad you liked the video Gaby! The Southern Cone (Cono Sur) really is a very interesting place and there's just so much to explore I can definitely say we'll be returning to the region in future videos.
So much so that, under other historical circumstances, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay could have become/remained developed countries.
EL CANADA FRANCES ES AMERICA LATINA FRANCES LENGUA LATINA
LE QUEBEC MONTREAL
@@yodorob
AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Wow, great vid! Fascinating
Glad you enjoyed it Matt!
AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Extremely well done and very interesting/informative 👍
Glad you enjoyed it!
AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
There are several misconceptions, the history of the south cone is extremely complex so I can't really explain it on a comment. For example provincias unidas del rio de la plata IS the modern Argentina. It didn't disappeared. Argentina is a conjunction of states, similar to USA, and there were many internal conflicts and civil wars.
Nice to See you back!
Hey, thanks man; I don’t think most people see our Shorts for whatever reason, because we’ve been posting those in the interim, but we’re building up our stockpile with the aim of getting two long-form episodes out a month sometime later this year, hopefully!
AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Thanks for including the Riograndense Republic! I'm from Rio Grande and it's a very important and celebrated part of our history, it has greatly shaped our idendity. Our state flag still has the Republic's coat of arms, our state anthem commemorates it and the start of the revolution (September 20) is a much celebrated holiday here to this day (more so than Brazil's independence from Portugal in my experience). Many cities, parks, schools and streets are named after the revolution, the revolutionaries and the presidents of the Republic, like Bento Gonçalves, Giuseppe Garibaldi, Anita Garibaldi, David Canabarro, Gomes Jardim, etc. 🟩🟥🟨
Oh, really glad you found the video and thank you so much for commenting. I don’t know exactly when, but we’ll be doing a regular, long-format episode on the Riograndense Republic!
@Ghost Countries Awesome! Looking forward to it!
Sul é meu país
Is it a coincidence that the Riograndense Republic had the same flag as the future Germany, or did this have something to do with German immigration?
@@jeremiahsafford1389 as far as I know, nothing to do with Germany. I think the most likely reason is the green and gold of the Imperial Flag (Brazilian Empire) separated by the blood of the Revolutionary War. Though some people say the green is our pampas, the red our courage and republican ideals, and the yellow our wealth. Ultimately, the colors of the Brazilian Empire come from the House of Bragança (green) of Emperor Pedro I and the House of Habsburg (yellow) of Empress Maria Leopoldina of Austria. That's the only connection with anything "German(ic)" I can find as far as colors go.
funny thing, I found this video while playing a Victoria 3 game as the Peru-Bolivian Confederation. Through a convoluted series of events, I've helped the Mapuche people establish a Patagonian republic (albeit as my protectorate in order to avoid them being conquered by a resurgent Argentina or expansionist Chile)
I've also annexed Chaco, Paraguay, Corrientes, and Entre Rios to give myself sea to sea access and control of the La Plata river
That’s an awesome coincidence 😅 and hey, we’ll be diving more into the story of the Mapuche this year, since the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia won our community poll!
@@GhostCountries Subscribed to see that video! As Chilean is always nice to see people know about the Mapuche history here! Great channel!
@@GhostCountries There is a lot of current political manipulation of the "mapuche nation" today, mixed with land politics, so tread carefuly. Historicaly the original mapuches entered the argentinian patagonia even later than the first europeans, battling and conquering local aborigins such as the aonikenk (called tehuelches by the mapuches). They claim ancestral lands but were invaders.
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
@@patogonzalez9057
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
This video is completely wrong on so many levels:
- The United Provinces of Rio de La Plata are neither gone, nor forgotten: It's the name of the pre-constitutional Argentina, it's still part of history books and it's still part of the national anthem and it's still a valid official name for Argentina, it's even on the independence declaration, and implied in the constitution.
- Federal League: Again, civil war, it's not an actual country, nor it was forgotten, it's the name of one of the parts of the conflict. It would be like calling the confederates "a forgotten country" it's not.
- Republic of Entre Ríos: Again, not an actual country, in spite of the fancy name, it was simply a defacto province (state, for americans) in the civil war, it lasted less than a year, as part of the war. The same goes for Tucuman, the Confederation, etc. This are not actual independent countries, they're just states that were part of the civil war. It's far easier to understand it if you compare it with Sengoku Jidai in Japan, back then, the whole region was controlled by "Daimyos" called "Caudillos", which were basically fighting for control of states. All of those caudillos were part of one of two sides, either unitarians, or federalists. None of them actually intended to be "independent countries" but "independent states" from the other side of the war. Both sides intended to dominate the other one and achieve the reunification of the country as a whole. This is why once Rosas was defeated, both sides automatically joined into what's now Argentina. That was always the goal. This is why the original name was "United Provinces" which was the administrative equivalent of "United States".
Again, none of those "provinces" or "republics" were real countries, but simply states that were part of the civil war.
- Now, the "Kingdom of Auracania" it's not a forgotten state, because IT WAS NEVER A REAL STATE. Patagonia NEVER had a state prior to Spain, Argentina and Chile. That region was inhabited by nomadic tribes of all sorts, there was a brief period in which certain leaders would expand their influence over other tribes, but it was never a state, and it was definetely NEVER a kingdom. Most of the myth regarding "the kingdom of auracania" is born from an european that wanted to claim the land. It was a joke concept, it was never real.
Congratulations on your 6000 subscribers!!!
Thank you so much! 🎉 Definitely not a bad thing to wake up to.
AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
I don't have much input on the Southern Cone, since my interest is in the Precolumbian Americas (especially Mesoamerica), but i'm going to copy over the comment (with some tweaks) I left on SignoreGalilei's video on Prehispanic South American states/countries:: The first signs of complex societies in South America would be at Caral, a site belonging to the Caral-Supe culture dated to around 3000BC, which had a variety of large monumental structures and temples. This has been called the first city in the Americas, but the Andean archaeologist I've spoken to about it has said that the site and most (all?) other monumental sites in the Andes between 3000BC and 500BC were more ceremonial centers that were visited on a regular basis rather then actual urban centers people permanently lived in, aside from small groups of priests.
There's a change in this pattern around 500BC, when Chavín de Huántar, a monumental site built by the Chavin civilization, apparently picks up a permanent population of craft specialists and merchants and develops into a proper city, which kicks off Andean urbanism on a more widespread basis, though some cultures during the late 1st millennium BC and later still had more cermonial centers then proper cities, like the Nazca. Some other cultures during this period around the turn of the millennium were the Paracas (closely related to the Nazca) and the Recuay, though I'm unsure if the 3 could be called state socities/countries.
The Moche civilization early to mid 1st millennium AD is one of the most famous Pre Inca andean civilizations, and had a variety of city-states or kingdoms in Northern Peru, the most notable site being Cerro Blanco or Huacas de Moche, named after two large temple complexes, the Huaca del Sol and Huaca de La Luna, the latter of which is pretty well preserved today ("Huaca" is a general term for these Ziggurat like temples, though also for sacred objects/natural features to other Andean civilizations). The Moche are pretty well known for their ceramics, as they produced incredible lifelike ceramic busts/portrait vessels which seem to depict specific rulers and nobles, as different busts show the same people in different stages of life; as well as ceramics showing sex acts., though both types have a distictive "stirrup" style spout/opening at the top. They also produced a lot of fine metalwork art.
In the mid to late 1st millennium AD, you had the Huari or Wari Empire, which covered some of Northern Peru's coasts and much of Central and especially Southern Peru, as well as the Kingdom of Tiwanku, centered around Lake Titicaca and covering parts of Peru, Bolivia, and some other countries, and the two were rival powers though I'm not sure if we have evidence of direct warfare. I also know that while it's generally accepted that the Wari Empire was an Empire, the first true one in the Andes/South America with I presume more political centralization and unification then the Moche etc had, and I know that there's more debate over that for Tiwanku, I'm not exactly sure what the differences between the two are from an adminstrative perspective or on what evidence those assessments are made. Again, Andes isn't really my area. I can say though that there's a lot of very similar art made by both cultures judging by what I've looked at.
The Moche were either conquered or developed into the Sican civilization in the following centuries, and in turn they were conquered by the Kingdom of Chimor. Chimor/the Chimu civilization, liked the Moche, developed along the northern coasts of Peru, and during this period in the early 2nd millennium AD, became the largest state in the Andes at the time, conquering much of Peru's coasts, and their captial city of Chan Chan became the largest city in Precolumbian South American history, with 60,000 peope (though I suspect Cusco may be larger if you include adjacent settlements, but that may be the Mesoamerican urbanism nerd speaking since radial suburbs were a big thing in Mesoamerica and I've seen some images suggesting Cusco had them too... on that note, there WERE Mesoamerican cities much larger then Chan Chan). The Chimu, like the Moche, produced amazingly detailed metalwork art, some of the finest in the Precolumbian Americas, but eventually they got into conflict with the up and coming Kingdom of Cusco, which was rapidly expanding. Eventually Cusco conquered Chimor in in the late 15th century, and without any other huge rival kingdoms, Cusco swalloed up every other state in the Andes and expanded further into surronding non-urban parts of South America as the Inca Empire.
Again, this is probably a big oversimplification, I know i'm missing cultures, I may have gotten stuff wrong, etc: I know much more about Mesoamerica then the Andes, but hopefully this is a interesting enough overview and isn't too off.... and if either of you wanna do anything on Mesoamerica, and I happen to be open when you ask, i'd be down to help out.
Hey man, I hope other people see your comment as well, because it really is a fountainhead of information! So, thanks for commenting.
Yeah, we do eventually plan to cover some of the pre-Colombian civilizations, I can’t say exactly when that’ll be though...but we’ll definitely reach out.
Actually, I find the history of the Moche quite interesting myself; so, that might be a good area to start, as far as pre-Incan civilizations go, when the time comes.
Very precise and well pronounced. Congrats
Thank you so much; I do try my best with pronunciations and know they don't always land on the mark, but I try. 😅
I cannot believe you made a video about Tucumán lol. My city
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
@@gato-grande la superioridad moral del cono sur es indiscutible.
Good video, greetings from Chile.
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
As a Uruguayan history nerd I had to fact check this 😅
I give it a 10/10
Hey, we passed! 🙌
@@GhostCountries yesss aprobado por un uruguayo 👍🇺🇾
Thank you for allowing me to learn about these!
Oh, glad you liked the video Robert! We'll definitely be revisiting some of these countries in more detail soon - the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia won a recent community poll, actually; so, I don't exactly when, but it'll happen this year.
@@GhostCountries Sounds great!
AMSTRALIA
Nice video man,greetings from Brodowski -São Paulo state
Thanks Leon; I think we’re going to have to do an episode proper on São Paulo at some point. I mean, we kind of touched upon it a bit in our episode about the history of Brazil’s flag 🇧🇷, but I’m a fan of the flag and there definitely is a story to tell.
You should mention the intervention of Portugal in the invasion of what is now Uruguay and Misiones (1816-1820) as one of the main causes for the dissolution of the Federal League, the treaty of pilar and the war between Artigas and Ramirez were decisive (the Republic of Entre Ríos was created after Ramirez's victory over the provinces that signed the Pact of Avalos led by Artigas), both events happened in 1820.
it was basically a regional civil war between federalists (from the federal league in this case) and unitaries (from the united provinces in this case), each with their own country, government and declaration of independence and they lasted a long time not always with the same historical characters, ideals, countries and wars
very good video!
Thank you so much and, honestly, I would’ve loved to go into more detail about the Portuguese conquest of the Banda Oriental, the Treaty of Pilar, etc. It was hard balancing so much in one episode, without it becoming too long. 😅
That being said, we’ll definitely be revisiting some of the countries mentioned here in their own stand alone episodes. The Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia won a recent community poll on the channel. So, we’ll be able spend more time diving into their history!
How you do said , that Portugal intervention on Provincia Oriental, between 1816-20, you ve said the same point but on oppossed way,....on 1817, La Liga Federal, took all Rio Grande del Sur South, ... Pelotas, Bage, Santa Ana do Livramento, etc.....untill Porto Alegre front doors......and even on 1817..Artigas was on ( Paso de la Arena ), ..locking Montevideo,....that on that time, was a few blocks called City,......and Artigas was on Entre Rios untill 1820,....
@@sebastianurtiaga9110 I don't quite understand what you're saying, but it was a war, there were skirmishes in places that weren't thought of because the borders weren't well established at that time, Artigas basically claimed half of what is now the Río Grande and well, let's not talk about the expansion plans of the portuguese, Montevideo had walls, it had to be besieged to take it like that (I think you exaggerate the destruction and the expansion of the Liga Federal)
Yes, I am aware of the war between Artigas and Ramirez in Entre Rios and his subsequent exile in 1820.
In Chile it is taught that the Socialist Republic proper lasted only until the 16 of June 1932. Then an internal coup happened and the provisional Junta was replaced by one of its members, Carlos Davila, which himself put in charge. Davila was a supporter of former president/dictator Carlos Ibañez del Campo, and iirc there is the theory he wanted a restoration. So he kept the socialist republic alive in nane only, until september
Oh, that’s really interesting to know!
Thanks! I actually wanted more info on that one part! It felt like quite a long time for a state-attempt that early! Chi chi chi le le le! Saludos trasandinos!
I always watch videos of youtubers about History of South America and it's very often to watch bad shapes of the maps, but yours are very nice, greetings from Chiguayante, in the northern border of the Biobio River, the frontier of the Spanish Empire.
Thank you so much; we always do try our best with the maps - most of which are drawn by hand in Photoshop - and it can sometimes be difficult when there's not a lot of definitive info about borders out there...still have flashback with our Sikkim video. 😅
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Awesome video! will look into the collab partner too!
Thanks man; also, our collab is going up soon!
@@GhostCountries I am looking forward to it!👍
wow, knew almost none of those! great!
Oh, yeah; there's plenty of lesser-known extinct countries in South America!
My guy your pronunciation is amazing! 8/10
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
The United Provinces of the River Plate were not dissolved. Although it intended to be the legal successor of the Viceroyalty of Plata, since before independence (1816) it only managed to gather the adhesion of its central provinces. The only change that occurred was the predilection for a Latinism, which was already among its official names since its formation: Argentina.
Except for the brief independence of Buenos Aires, and also territorial disputes with Upper Peru and Brazil - involving territories they never really controlled, although invaded and tried to occupy- Argentina did not lose any of its provinces.
Fair points and honestly, I’d like to go into further detail about the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata in a further standalone, long-format episode, since there was a lot more to explore and contextualize that couldn’t be fit in here.
@@GhostCountries Argentine history is really difficult to understand for beginners. All goes smoothly and easily up to 1811. Then it turns complicated... very complicated. Our civil war (this period of time is called "la anarquía") lasted from 1820 to 1860. And some of these conflicts are not already dead and buried. I congratulate you for your work here, with this video, and I encourage you to continue doing that. I'm eager to see more... Great video.
Hello gringo. I'm from Entrerios, and i thank you for the data of tucuman, i never thought that they had a independent state like we, but that make sense, the civil war in argentina lasted like 50 years.
Hey, no problem. Glad you liked the video and thanks for commenting. Honestly, I’m kind of surprised more didn’t pop up during the civil war!
Fun fact, in 1823 near the city of Concepción, Chile, a small town rebelled and declared independence from the country, its name was the Independent Republic of Hualqui es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Independiente_de_Hualqui_(micronaci%C3%B3n)
Oh, wow; I never even heard of this one, but was just looking into it a bit after seeing your comment. Apparently, it’s one of the shortest-lived republics in history. I know we’ll definitely be revisiting South America; so, this would be pretty interesting to cover.
The funniest fact is that happens twice
José Gervasio Artigas Arnal: THE MAN, I mean, THE REAL MAN...🧉
AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Pretty much every time a region or province rebels or fights a neighbor, there is a short lived attempt at an independent nation. Most alleged "countries" listed here were merely declarations without the slightest chance of success.
You forgot José de San Martín... Chile was liberated by him, not by O'higgins. Like Argentine and Perú.
Personally, I'd like to see a video in this format for Africa!
Oh, yeah; we’re aiming to do more general overview videos like this from time to time, since they’re a lot quicker to produce and allow us a way to get some community engagement via polls. So, there’ll definitely be more!
@@GhostCountries Awesome!
There was also the Celestial Monarchy in Southern Brazil during the Contestado War but it was very efemeral and they never actually fully controled the land they claimed. This was a full on messianic state led by a cult figure known as Monk João Maria who is considered a folk saint in the region till this day. They wanted to make a christian utopic socialist society under a monarchy and had a 15 year old virgin girl leading the people into battle. I swear I'm not making this up. It's unreal.
I just began looking into the Celestial Monarchy and Contestado War, because I will readily admit I never even heard of this before! That being said, it’s really interesting and definitely a lesser-known chapter of Brazilian history...at least for people outside Brazil itself. Might be an episode in the making here.
@@GhostCountries Glad to know to know you are looking into it! To be honest most brazilians bearly know about this. I just know about it because I'm from the Paraná State and my mom's family is from the region where the war took place.
There is another "Ghost Country" with a very similar backstory, it's the Canudos. The Canudos were also in forgotten place led by messianic figure and claimed to a holy monarchy. This events are associated to a "movement" known as Sebastianism with its roots in a late medieval portuguese legend, similar to the King Arthur's prophecy, that traveled all the way to Brazil. That's why this "countries" feel so medieval with kings, saints and martyrs. Countryside Brazil can almost medieval till this day. It's wild.
@@sem_identitificador Sorry for the delay; I don't like how YT notifies me about some comments and others I just have to go back and find manually. I actually do know a little about the War of Canudos, but I would have to look more into it. That being said, it really does sound interesting! There's a ton of lesser-known and/or basically forgotten history from Brazil that we'll definitely have to cover on the channel. I promised someone way back when an episode on the Republic of Acre. Most of our content has been centered around Europe, but personally, I'd love to begin covering more of Africa, the Americas, and Asia!
@@sem_identitificador Sou do Paraná e aprendi sobre na escola, você também ?
Hello! I only have one question, why in the Socialist Republic of Chile chapter there is a picture of Juan Domingo Peron?
Oh, that's a photo of Carlos Ibáñez and Juan Perón. The former governed the country from 1927 to 1931 and played a much bigger role in the Socialist Republic of Chile's story, but unfortunately we didn't have time to explore that fully in this video.
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Nice collaboration!!
I’ve just subscribed “Signore Galilei”.
Its correct what u say about Republic of Entre Rios and Republic of Tucuman however we dont see the Argentina Confederation neither the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata as extincts states, for us, is Argentina just like the French have different republics. United Provinces and Argentine Confederation are even official names of the country, along Argentina itself.
Asi es 🇦🇷🇦🇶💪🏻😎
Asi es 🇦🇷🇦🇶💪🏻😎
Muy buen vídeo, excelente.
No es un país, pero como dato curioso, en la revolución de 1959 en Chile (considerada como guerra civil de igual manera) en Copiapó se estableció un gobierno provisional que choco con el bobierno central en Chile (Santiago)
This needs to become a series for every region of the world
That's the plan! 😉 Been thinking about doing a video like this probably on Africa next.
What about the Juliana Republic in Santa Catarina?
Oh, the Juliana Republic is actually included in this video. We didn’t get to explore its story as much as we would’ve like, since this was just an overview, but always could do a regular, long-format video about it at some point!
@@GhostCountries Okay, thx.
Muchas gracias por pronunciar correctamente el nombre de Artigas
Saludos desde Uruguay
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
interestingly all of my friends from this area have never heard the term "southern cone" or "cono sur"
Tbh, I actually hadn’t heard of the term either before doing research for this episode, which is kind of funny since I feel I know a decent amount of obscure geography stuff.
Impossible
the Inka Empire was also theknikly in that region ,althought not fully.But you can count also the new inka empire/south inka empire
We did think about including the Incas and the Neo-Inca Stat, but they were outside the time frame we mostly stuck with in this video. That being said, I can pretty much guarantee we'll be covering them in another video at some point!
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
Hi this is great work , my wife is Peruanos so she found it particularly interesting . Have you done a video of United Kingdom ghost countries ? There are quite a few from Gwynedd to Lord of the Isles. To the Kingdom of Lindsey ( my favourite)
Oh, thank you so much! So far we haven't done anything on Great Britain, but there's quite a few on our list. Actually, I know we had someone else mention the Kingdom of Gwynedd somewhat recently and I'll definitely add Lindsey. There's quite a lot to explore in Great Britain; so, I definitely think we'll do it eventually.
@@GhostCountries wow that’s great , thank you !
@@GhostCountries also whilst there is no “ proof “ , many of King Arthur’s battles were supposed to have occurred in the kingdom of Lindsey.
Actually, just the little bit I’ve looked in the geography of Great Britain around then - not to mention the connection with King Arthur - really would make for a very interesting episode!
@@GhostCountries yes definitely, I think so lol . I’m biased but there’s a wealth of history , other countries in Great Britain you could cover are: Alt Clud , Rheged , Cornwall , Dalriada , The Danegeld , Wessex , Sealand ( lol) , Elmet, Pictland and the nations in the Heptarchy. There’s loads , Sealand might be funny to cover too.
When it comes to forgotten countries in Patagonia, there are some missing here. It's strange how everyone seems determined to talk about an imaginary country made up by some mad guy and that never existed effectively (Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia), but not about those that actually did: the Ulmanato Rankel, the domain of Maria the Great, and the ambiguous union of Butalmapu, some examples...
Hey Julian, thanks for the comment! I actually was looking into some of the forgotten countries you listed and I agree, they all are really interesting. For this video, we primarily used the list of former sovereign states from Wikipedia, which, I admit, definitely can be lacking. So, all that being said, I copied down the ones you mentioned and am pretty certain we'll be revisiting Patagonia again at some point.
“South America…it’s like America, but south.”
That guy with the ax at 12:33!
Hello, very good video, thanks for talking about our so ignored history, as a curious fact the Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia still exists in exile established in France, the kings are elected by a council and give titles of nobility. Greetings from Chile
Oh, thank you so much! We know there's a lot more to the story we didn't explore in this video, but we're actually planning a regular, in-depth video about the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia in the future. And, it really is interesting, because, like you brought up, Antoine de Tounens had no children, but we've still had a number of pretenders to the "throne of Araucania and Patagonia" over the years!
Very good video. Perhaps you could include these: 1) Federación del Uruguay (Uruguay Federation) or Uruguay Mayor, was a short lived state ("inspired" by the British government) composed by the Republic of Uruguay, the argentine provinces of Corrientes, Entre Ríos (and perhaps Santa Fe) and the reber brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. Some authors claim that the idea was to include also Paraguay. It lasted from 1841 to 1842. 2) Peru-Bolivian Confederation (1836-1839). 3) Gran Colombia (1819-1831). 4) The Republic of Acre (1899-1903).
I can't tell you how long we've been meaning to do the Republic of Acre...hahaha - probably since shortly after we started the channel. But, I copied/pasted all of your suggestions to our list and know we'll eventually get around to all of them. The Peru-Bolivian Confederation has always really interested me, maybe just with how much the map has changed over the years in that part of South America.
@@GhostCountries Great! It was a surprise to see how well you explained the Repúblicas of Tucumán and Entre Ríos. They are far less known than the Peru Bolivian Confederation by non-argentine historians. Cheers
I am Uruguayan and the "Federación del Uruguay" was never heared here. I read some information and it is never mentioned in the description of the several wars in the region between 1840 and 1845... so, it wasnt a "short lived state".
@@MarceloBenoit-trenes perhaps you should read more because the leader of that project was Fructuoso Rivera, "de facto" president of the ROU those years. Official history of Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and Brazil doesn´t like to acnowledge some facts. It was legal president of Uruguay, Manuel Oribe, who destroyed the Federación del Uruguay at the battle of Arroyo Grande (December 6th, 1842), leading the Army of the Argentine Confederation (with uruguayan blanco allies) against Fructuoso Rivera who commanded an army formed by most of the Uruguayan Army and militia from Corrientes and Santa Fe (and some authors say, the cavalry had horses sent by the riograndenses from Brazil).
Congratulations on your pronunciation of names in Brazilian Portuguese! It's very good.
Thank you so much Pedro! Aside from English, I speak Japanese and some Arabic; so, Portuguese is not my forte, but I really did try.
Good video. Very informative. For the record though in English it’s not ‘Bosque’ but instead ‘Basque’ as in the fish Bass. 👍
Ah, thanks for pointing that out; I can’t say exactly when, but I know we’ll eventually do a video relating to Basque history - maybe the Kingdom of Navarre. There’s a lot I’d personally like to explore and probably should dig up that “The Basque History of the World” book again.
@@GhostCountries making the connection between this and the location of the video, I'd like to point out the fact that Basque people is the ethnic backbone of some South American countries like Chile, Argentina and Colombia
Oh, wow; thanks for commenting! I was just looking into it a bit and had no idea how larger the Basque diaspora is down in South America. This in and of itself might make for an interesting video at some point.
@@GhostCountries I've got a really good video done by an Spanish-speaking RUclipsr who does videos just like yours and he covered the topic marvelously some years ago, I'll comment the direct link to his video here later
if I seem to forget it, please remind me hahaha
Here it is, I added another video from another Spanish-speaking youtuber which is just as good:
ruclips.net/video/bwheUAhKjBs/видео.html
ruclips.net/video/8OEcohNCYbY/видео.html
There was this guy Amador Bueno who was forced to be the king of São Paulo de Piratininga. His coronation was about to happen when he gave up. His kingdom lasted for -1 days hahaha
Excellent video! Please do one about the apartheid countries: Transkei, Ciskei, Venda and Bophuthatswana. There's no good documentary about them 🙏
Thank you so much and that's a great suggestion! The Bantustans of South Africa (and South West Africa) are pretty much unknown to a lot of people, I think. So, yeah; we'll definitely cover it eventually.
Wow you had to bring the Malvinas hot topic, it wasn't necessary
Tell that to the commonwealth of nations and the Falklands islands defence force at the coronation of King Charles the 3rd.🇬🇧🇫🇰🇬🇸👑💂♂️☕️
The brazilian state of são paulo included as cono sur in your map, isnt considered such.
7:52 TIL that there was such a thing as the Ragamuffin War!
CHILE PARAGUAY ARGENTINA SUR DE BRASIL URUGUAY
EL CONO SUR ES UN PAIS AMSTRALIA AMERICA AUSTRAL
You forgot to mention the cisplatine province (Uruguay) where it was annexed to the empire of Brazil and also the influence of the British Empire in ensuring Uruguay was independent from Brazil and Argentina for strategic reasons.
the united provinces never had a capital in buenos aires, the capital was in purificacion, further up the river... that is a very important detail
Well, saying that Liga Federal was a country is like saying that the Wagner rebelion was a country.
Hey could you do the Republic of Anguilla
Yes, we'll definitely cover the Republic of Anguilla sometime. If nothing else, I have to mention the Dolphin Flag!
I found this channel from Signore Gallilei
The Republic of Hualqui (Biobío, Chile) also called the "Republic of One Day" is a locally very known history...
This is one I wish I came across while doing research for the episode, because I think it’s honestly a pretty interesting story!
Actually the kingdom of chile is the other name of the spanish chile, during the old fatherland period, chile's name was "regency of chile"
1:25 that map have a mistake, la plata settle the disputed island in 1820, until 1833 when the united kingdom take the island by force.
Tell that to the commonwealth of nations and the Falklands islands defence force at the coronation of King Charles the 3rd.🇬🇧🇫🇰🇬🇸👑💂♂️
never expected such an in depth video about the republica de tucuman. que chango culiao. good video.
Oh, thanks!
We always might return to do a regular length video on some of the former countries mentioned here - the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia won a community poll of ours; so, that'll definitely be happening.
don't forget the 100s of tribes.
I want to add one country more, "La Confederacion de las Salinas Grandes" was a mapuche semi-stablished country before the creation of the Araucanian Kingdom, but la Confederación isn't s very know state of somewhat short lifetime
Oh, that's really interesting to know. The Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia won a community poll we put up a while back now; so, we'll definitely be covering it and maybe it would make sense to squeeze the La Confederacion de las Salinas Grandes or have a stand-alone mini episode.
@@GhostCountries The mapuche have a lot of interesting history really, like the "Lonkos"(or Caciques) Mañilwenu, know because it's really long life, of like 100 years and being one of the most firms enemies of Chilean expansion and also the "Napoleón of the Pampas"(real name was calfucurá) which was a really good in warfare, and have some soldiers with modern rifles, but it's army was made mainly by cavalry and infantry, also lived like 100 years
@@sebastiannavarro9686 I first actually became aware of the Mapuche and their history after looking into the Wenufoye flag; honestly, like you said, there's just so much to unpack, but hopefully we can do it justice in a video or (more than likely) two. I'm going to look more into Mañilwenu, since that sounds like a really interesting story in and of itself!
A curious fact about General Antonio Netto, founder of the Piratini Republic: he is Carlos Gardel's uncle!
10:50 Why did you make this flag
The Southern Cone...also known as "southern South America" or "temperate South America". And, the Australasia of the Americas, in the sense that they're below the tropical Americas much as Australia and New Zealand are below tropical Asia/Oceania.
i love when ppl who speak english try to pronounce spanish coutry names
He’s got a very pro-British pronunciation.
Based
As an Argentinian, I'm glad I stumbled upon your video. Very informative, keep it up!
Hey, thank you so much; glad the YT algorithm sent you our way, Pablo!
In the minute 11:00 you talk about the Government "junta" of the "Reública Socialista de Chile", refering to the liders of the country at the time but you show a picture of Carlos Ibañez (President who was kick out of goverment by the "junta) and Juan Domingo Perón (who later will be president in Argentina, but had no relation with this Chilean Republic).
Don’t forget that these guys think that in South America we all wear sombreros, fight with knives for a Flamenco-dancing lady and have siestas in the streets 😂
South America isn´t a continent, America is (Continente Americano). P.S.: (Rio Grande do Sul) Southern Brazil and Uruguay (ex Banda Oriental) used to be the same "country"/region/place (& same people) back in the day (Banda Oriental: a piece of land between Uruguay River and the Atlantic Ocean), hence all the similarities... Regards!
The seven-continent model is taught in most of the English-speaking world and some other countries like China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Pakistan, etc. The six-continent model is more common in Romance-speaking countries. That being said, when talking with some viewers over in parts of Asia, the six-continent model is used there sometimes too, but North and South America are often still split, they just have Eurasia instead!
That's correct!
The modern day flag of the brazilian state Rio Grande do Sul, is the same as of the Piratini Republic.
It's pretty similar, but features a coat of arms in the middle, which the original did not.
Rio Grandense Republic was proclaimed in Sept 20, not Sept 11.
its even in the flag
Rio Grande do Sul independente 🧉
the "United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata" and the "Argentine Confederation" are seen as old names of the same country, the, nowadays, Argentine Republic. they are the linear history of the same country that began it's political independence in 1810.
the rest of ancestors are not seen in that way (Tucumán, Entre Ríos, Federal League, State of Buenos Aires)
as stated in the current Constitution of Argentina, and since 1960:
Article 35.- The denominations adopted successively from 1810 to the present, namely: United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, Argentine Republic, Argentine Confederation, shall henceforth be official names indistinctly for the designation of the Government and territory of the provinces, (...].
The Argentine National Anthem calls Argentina as the United Provinces of the South.
Ya su trono dignísimo abrieron
Las Provincias Unidas del Sud
Y los libres del mundo responden
¡Al gran pueblo argentino, salud!
Y los libres del mundo responden
¡Al gran pueblo argentino, salud!
You will have to release a glossary of terms. You use, or it better describes as invent, some that I have never heard of. For example, what is a cone. yes, a circular pyramid I know. There seems to be more than one because you single out one, the Southern cone. And another, extinct used in relation to countries, what does it mean in relation to countries ?
Garibaldi was a f*ckin mercenary!!!
My man Francisco "Pancho" Ramirez, chad entrerriano
Yeah... Artigas' traitor...