Hangul: Full List of Reading Rules in Korean
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- Опубликовано: 4 июл 2024
- Have you ever wondered, what is the correct way to read Hangul? This video will show you the full list of reading rules (40+ rules) existing in the Korean language. For each rule I provide examples.
You will learn when to read ㄹ as L, R, and even N. You will discover that the letter ㄴ can also be read as ‘L’. After watching this lesson and enough practice you will be able to read any Korean text.
In this lesson you will also learn what is Patchim and Double patchim and how to read them.
Before watching this lesson I recommend you to learn Hangul first.
To learn all letters in the Korean Alphabet watch this playlist: • Korean Alphabet & Grammar
- Don't forget to hit the notification bell🔔 if you don't want to miss the next lesson.
I'm so sorry but I think someone needs to check the content in this video or clarify some things. I have Korean books that tells me when you have a hangul letter that has two consonants, the first letter will be whatever the main consonant is and the last letter will be whatever the last consonant is. For example, what you have for "pap" on timeframe 2:54 should be "bap" according to the books. According to the books, the consonant is b/p not p/b how you have it. So if ㅂ shows up first in a word, the letter translates to the letter b. If ㅂ is the final consonant it translates to the letter "p". This gives us "bap". What I'm seeing in this video is backwards from my books. Is there anyway you can clear this up?
Hello Jamila!
Thank you for your comment! My answer will be a bit long, so please bear with me :)
So, the problem is that there are two things that most people mistake for one another. These are Transcription (actual pronunciation) and Transliteration (conversion of one script to another).
So, Korean Romanization is basically the conversion of Korean letters to Latin letters.
Romanization is not intended to convey sounds. In order to know how to accurately pronounce Korean words, ideally, one should refer to the IPA (International Pronunciation Alphabet).
Before recording the lessons, I thought for a long time whether to use romanization or a simplified version of the transcription.
The paradox with romanization is that, if a person with zero knowledge of the Korean language sees, say, the word 회사 (hoesa), then he will not be able to read it correctly. It turns out that in order to learn Korean, he needs to learn romanization.
It's like, in order to learn Korean, you have to learn English first. It doesn't make much sense.
Yes. It was possible for me to use romanization in all my lessons. It's not that hard to learn. But the question is, for what?
In my opinion, romanization is practically useless, since it does not convey the exact or even approximate sound of Korean words and often misleads beginners, because they think romanization is transcription.
What I use in my videos is also not perfect. But, I tried to make learning Korean easier. Some people here argue with me in the comments, even sometimes in a very aggressive manner saying that, let's say 가구 is pronounced as Gagu, not Kagu. However, much to their dismay, 가구 is pronounced more or less like Kagu.
Whoever is reading this comment now, if you don't believe me, go and search for 'IPA 가구', and you will see this Ka̠ɡu.
And if you still do not believe, even the International Pronunciation Alphabet, then do the following experiment.
Type 가구 in Google Translate and let it be heard several times by a person who is not at all familiar with the Korean language. Then ask him to write down what he hears. Don't ask him, do you hear Gagu or Kagu. Just let him write what he hears. If he has no hearing problems, he will write Kagu.
Finally, the romanization of Korean has not always been the way everyone sees it in textbooks.
The romanization used in Korean textbooks is called Revised Romanization.
Before that, McCune-Reischauer Romanization and Yale Romanization were used.
Let me give you some examples for comparison and easier understanding.
가구, 밥, 시간, 몹시
Revised Romanization: Gagu, bap, sigan, mopsi
McCune-Reischauer: Kagu, pap, shigan, mopshi
Yale Romanization: Kakwu, pap, sikan, mopsi
IPA: ka̠ɡu, pa̠p̚, ɕʰiɡa̠n, mo̞(ː)pɕ͈i
Transcription that I use here: Kagu, pap, shigan, mopshi
(I don't use McCune-Reischauer. It's just a coincidence. I am using something more or less close to IPA)
My goal is to teach the language quickly and easily, not to train linguists. Therefore, after much hesitation, I decided not to use romanization, but a simplified transcription.
Phew~ If you don't mind, let me actually pin your comment because people often ask this question.
@@KOREANFULLCOURSE great explanation!! Indeed, Romanization helps a lot beginners (like me😊) to understand how to pronounce letters and syllables. However, I believe that after a first general understanding of pronunciation, we need to move forward and refine how we speak in order to get closer and closer to how a native speaker speaks.
Whoever is reading this, there is one mistake in this lesson. I said that ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ sound as G, D, B when they are between vowels (it is true), and as K, T, P in all other cases (it is false).
ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ can also sound as G, D, B when they are preceded by either ㄴ,ㄹ,ㅁ,ㅇ.
E.g.
한국 - han Guk (ㄴ → ㄱ)
경기 - kyŏng Gi (ㅇ→ㄱ)
살다 - sal Da (ㄹ → ㄷ)
한복 - han Bok (ㄴ→ㅂ)
etc.
@@KOREANFULLCOURSE does "can" mean that there isn't a way to know?
@@noone_2425 No, it always sounds as G, D, B if it satisfies the rule mentioned above.
1:39 How to read ㄱ ( K or G ) ?
2:13 How to read ㄷ ( T or D ) ?
2:51 How to read ㅂ ( P or B ) ?
3:11 How to read ㄹ ( R or L )?
4:26 How to read ㅅ (S or Sh )?
---
6:22 Final Consonant (Patchim)
7:43 Full List of Patchims
---
9:05 Exceptions
9:11 Exceptions to ㄱ
10:33 Exceptions to ㄴ
10:44 Exceptions to ㄷ
11:38 Exceptions to ㄹ
11:59 Exceptions to ㅂ
13:02 Exceptions to ㅈ
13:14 Exceptions to ㅊ
13:27 Exceptions to ㅎ
-----
Hello everybody^^
I forgot to include 3 more rules into this lesson. I get the same question once in a few weeks. So, I decided to write these rules here.
RULE 1.
As I explained in this video,
if ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ are preceded by a consonant, then read them as K, T, P.
EXCEPTIONS which I forgot to mention in this video!
If these consonants are either ㄴ, ㄹ, or ㅁ, then ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ should be read as G, D, B.
한국 - hanGuk
딸기 - ttalGi
감기 - kamGi
간다 - kan Da
살다 - sal Da
심다 - shim Da
선배 - so'nBe
갈비 - kalBi
남북 - namBuk
RULE 2.
You can find in the next lesson (Sino-Korean Numbers)
I will explain it here as well a bit later.
RULE 3.
I will write it here as soon as I figure out which one it was myself :) I just forgot what was that.
?
💜💜💜💜
틀린것도 있는데요?ㅋㅋㅋㅋ
How to download po ?
Thank you 😊❤️
I wish there was a channel similar to yours when I started learning korean years ago..
this is just perfect, well organized and straight to the point!
I envy new learners that found your channel and are following along with it!
Keep it up, I’m revising all the basics and it’s crazy how much more information you have in your videos that I have no idea about even though I’m on the “high-intermediate” side..
Thank you so much Katia for your kind words. I am happy that even advanced learners find something new in these lessons :)
I am learning korean on duolingo and there they just tell this word changes to this when SOME WORDS are there they didn't explain that whether there should be consonant or vowel and i was very confused that why these letters pronunciation are changing in some words and not changing in some and i searched it everywhere and i got no such video of explaining soooo nicely like this video is all i need to learn hangul!!!!!!this video is now saved in my library and whenever i am confused i just watch this video again and again and take SS of the important parts♡♡♡♡unnii thxx aaa lotttt
:))) Hello^^
That's so awesome. I didn't know that. I've never checked Korean language on Duolingo. Thanks for sharing your story^^
Also, I want to say that 3 rules are missing in this video. I just completely forgot about them when I was making this lesson.
Check out the pinned message with time stamps. I mentioned one of three missing rules. I will add two more soon :)
I'm just starting to learn Korean, and my God! YOU helped me a lot. I still did not understand this topic, no matter how much I read it. I do not speak English, so thank you for the correct subtitles in Russian. This makes it even easier to understand)
Wonderful explanation and completely understandable, exactly what I was looking for.Thank you.👍👍👍👍
At the moment this has been giving me headache trying to understand. But it is very well explained. I've been writing everything. A 15 mi video turns to a 45 min wile i write down everything.
This lesson was everything I had been searching for. I was so confused with how the pronunciation changed everytime and I couldn't get an explanation anywhere as clear as this video. I love this lesson so much, it has made learning Korean easier.
Excellent lesson. Thank you. It’s comprehensive but straightforward.
Like this course, because no one other than yourself explains how Hangul is supposed to sound at various parts of a word, most teachers just tell you to mimic what they are saying but do not really give the reason it sounds like that. and your explanation of the rules really helps fill in the blank. I thought i lost this video but I'm glad I found it again!!
안녕하세요 한국 원어민입니다. 이 동영상을 보고 정말 감동을 받았습니다.
안녕하세요 :)
반갑습니다. 감사합니다^^ 좋은 하루 되세요~
This is incredibly helpful. 고맙습니다!
i love your explanation. tysm
I just found this video and I can tell that it's really going to help me a lot.
Thank you.
You have no idea how grateful I am for this video. Thank you so much! For your time in making the video and the great explanations. I got a bit scared 'cause this part got difficult but I am also so much more motivated now thanks to you. And I will take my time and spread the learning of this lesson throughout a couple of days since I have it all written down in my notebook now. Hope you have a great day!😊 xx
Yeah.. extremmely useful.. thanks a lot. I will apreciate this gift... Thanks..
This really help me
Thank you sooo much
Literally you're the only one who let me understand a lot the hungul and how we prounouce it
Oh thanks a lot for clarifying such things ... also your voice is so soothing and calming to listen to
Thank you for this video. Starting off trying to learn Hangul confused me because these sounds would always sound different whenever people would give examples and I finally know why. Love this channel.
Best video I have seen! Don't expect to learn at once as the instructor says. This video has to be seen more than once.
By far the most comprehensive Korean lang course i've come across. Thankyou so much.
I had to see this video three times but I finally got it! Now I have to memorize but I´m glad I understood. You explained it excelente, thanks u!
THANK YOU. ... I love you.
I'm SO glad you made this video. I was so incredibly confused like how do I know when these changes in pronunciation happen and now you've given me just the resource!! i wil definitely be reviewing this. thank you!!
Really helpful to someone learning by themselves! Thank you so much!
OMG, the rules to read the letters as k or g, p or b, etc... Brilliant!!! Thank you so much!!!
I searched for a video like this for days... thank you so much! You have been very explanatory and I'm very happy to have found your channel! Finally I can study these rules 🥺 I would like to thank you a thousand times really! Have a nice day My saviour 🥺🥺💜
you save my life literally .. omg thanks so much .. I was so confused between those switching and this explains a lot and make my life easier now, appreciate it! Really love your channel .. pls keep it up!
I watched RUclips many Korean teachers
Some wrote batchim. Some wrote patchim
???? 받진
But it is very helpful
Understanding general rules and exemptions
I'm starting learning Korean and your video really help me a lot, tysm!!
so far (from lesson 1-5) this #5 was the most difficult bcz so much things to learn, but I understand bcz you explain it very clear and I love it. I love seeing my book full with notes from your videos. I'll study little by little and keep watching your video.
once again, thank you so much❤
çok teşekkür ederim ☺️ tek başıma öğrenmeye çalıştım için çok zorlanıyordum videoların çok yardımcı oldular❤️👏🏼감사합니다 👏🏼❤️
This was so helpful! 감사함니다 선생님!
Wow the depth of this lesson will denfinitely go over it from time to time thank you very much.🙇😊
im a linguistics student (1st year) and im trying to learn korean on the side (already dealing with french english and spanish) and i swear this is not only helpful and interesting but actually so cool!! there is so much logic put into the korean phonetics and linguistics that for you to break it down must have been very difficult but also very meaningful (as i assume you must be a native korean speaker). trying to break down our own first language is very hard to do, i lift my hat up to you!
Hello^^
Thank you so much for your comment. It was interesting to read.
You are a real linguist by heart because I see you understand how much logic is actually in this single video. Yeah, it took me 10-20 hours to make this video. I had to think about overall structure of the lesson (sequence of rules, how to visually make it easy to understand, pick best examples, teaching technique, script, etc. :)
Oh, I am Korean but not a native speaker :)
Yes, I agree, it's difficult to teach your own language because everything seem natural to us lol
Feel free to ask me if you have any questions.
P.S. I also used to learn Spanish. I don't know what is your level but there is one really cool RUclips channel that helped me a lot.
You can check his website where you can find his YT lessons
www senorjordan com
I want to thank you for this lesson! I know I will have to watch it over and over, and probably even over and over again to fully grasp everything haha But that’s ok because you have explained very well these rules. I am so glad I found your channel, please keep up the awesome job you are doing! 😁
Dziękuję. Przydało mi się to.
this helps me A LOT! Since most of the videos show this partially, this lesson is a lifesaver, thank you so so much!
I am so thankful I found your channel!’ I’ve been learning Korean for about 8 months and your video is soooooo helpful! Thank you for your content!!
Thank you Michelle to you as well :)
I am also happy to see you here.
Feel free to ask me questions about Korean language if you need any help ^^
love this
just a life saver video
Fabulous lesson with detailed rules, very well presented, and easy to absorb. Really needed this! 감사합니다 🤩👍
Very complete and well explained, thanks!
Thank you ^^
저는 한국인입니다. 한글을 여러 나라 사람들에게 정말 감사하고 멋지다고 생각합니다.
👍
you are a LIFE SAVER ! Thank you !!
This was very helpful. Thank you for sharing. ❤
your lessons are so easy to understand! i wish there were quiz like videos in between tho bc i struggle to remember them without assessments like a quiz. and i havent found an app/ video that is as accurate as this channel. i hope if you read this comment you'll consider my suggestion about quiz videos. thank you!
Hello! :)
Thank you so much!
I read all comments but I may reply slow (immediately ~ up to 72 hours) :)
Can you give me an example of a quiz you are talking about, please?
Thank you^^
Thank you so much. Before this, I was so confused with many rulessss about batchim. Your categories and charts help me a lot. Lucky me that come across your youtube channel.Now I am fanclub.
Hello^^ Welcome to the club! :))
Feel free to ask me questions if you get stuck :)
If I know the answer I will reply for sure!
C’est tellement une belle leçon détaillée. Les instructions sont vraiment claires. C’est un guide parfait pour le 받침. Un énorme merci!
I just found your video and it's really helpful! Thank you so much!!
I'm really glad I found this youtube channel that is explaining about this, I was really confused how they read it, I mean the same letter but different pronunciation based on the rules.
I am happy to hear that ^^
If you have any other questions, feel free to ask :)
Thanks Soo much 😊..I really love the explanation and the way u try to take things slowly and pronouncing it well.
Thanks to you too^^~~~
I love this channel. I'm from Poland, so I use Polish subtitles for learning. Thank you 🥰
Finally an explanation about pronunciation huhu Thank you so much!
Excellent video and explanation. Not even paid services clearly explains when some consonant sounds one way or the other. You nailed it.
Thank you^^
고마워💜💜
Soooo useful and have to watch it again and again 🙏
thank you so much for this class.❤
I’m learning Korean and I found this very useful for Korean Language course I really appreciate the hardwork you did for Korean learners like us.
감사합니다 선생님.
사랑해요.
good job
잘하시네요
Really helpful!
I was overwhelmed when I saw this for the first time took a break and came back and realised that it's a very well summarised video lesson..!
Great work!
🥰 Thank you, 니하리카 씨^^
P.S. I forgot to mention one more rule in this lesson. Please, watch next lesson too where I explain the rule.
Now I understand! Thank you!
amazing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! very well layed out thank you 👍❤
감사합니다!
Khamsamnida
wow. this video is actually so helpful. no idea why some comments are arguing with the information, i think your information is accurate and helpful. from my experience with studying japanese, i've learned to not rely on romanization from the beginning. romanization can cause things to get very confusing and it can be a hindrance to learners of a language. so i like learn pronunciation of language as it is. i think because i learn this way and listen to the language often, i was able to pick up on some rules and exceptions that you went over in this video and learned more as well. i can also make connections to such words and better understand why i heard them pronounced in such ways. thank you for going into further detail of these pronunciations, i've learned a lot! i'm definitely saving this for future reference so that i can work on my korean pronunciation and i will look again at the IPA as well. this is great, thank you!
I actually have been over this video a few times and realize I wasted a fair bit of time on romanization. I can now feel the bits clicking into place and the rules aren't so hard to grasp after a couple of rewatches. There is a certain logic and consistency to most of the rules with a few exceptions that are tough to nail down. There is another comment below about the HanGuK vs. HanKuK issue which threw a spanner in the works but was explained via another rule.
Glad I found this content, very helpful!
This is an EXCELLENT video. Thank you for giving so much detail. Lack of details that i see in other korean channels had confused me, BUT, because you included the details that THEY omitted, i am no longer confused. THANK YOU.
thank you for this amazing video ❤️ you're an amazing teacher and explained it very well
감사함니다😘😘😘😌😌😌😌
These exceptions are killing me😢
Say it again, I was like what,what the hell, these exceptions are put there to confuse me
oh my god what a wonderful explanation!!! thank you so much!! looking forward for another lesson!
LOVE IT VIDEO!!! SO AMAZING!! ❤❤
Wow you really explain so well!I've been trying to learn Korean from so many months now but the rules were confusing me and I was almost about to give up but fortunately I found your channel!Thanks for making these videos for us! Now I will try my best to study and focus more on my Korean learning. Thanks to you again!❤Stay safe!❤
:) I am happy this lesson popped up just in time, before you completely gave up.
I recommend you to head over to the 'Korean Alphabet & Grammar' playlist.
I sorted all lessons so you can learn step by step.
You can also use other playlists as additional study material (Listening Practice, Vocabulary, Hanja, etc.)
@@KOREANFULLCOURSE Sure, thanks a lot❤
unnie its hards to learn them but u make it easy ;-; im happy to find u to learn new language...... i really love the way u explain me in the deep...... i want to say thank you , salanghae💜💜💜, u r the best hehe
Thank you^^ 🙂
I really like the way you teach it's really simple and easy to understand I have seen many korean language lessons in youtube but I only understand your method....I really appreciate your hardwork. Thank you so much for these amazing lessons. Love❤
Just found this channel yesterday and I LOVE this information from somebody who is native (sorry, I just assume) or at least seems to be! I will enjoy watching and learning a lot more.
Thank you so much for this! My Korean professor just corrects my pronunciation on certain words but doesn’t explain why it should be pronounced differently. Now, knowing why changes happen I think it will make more sense. It’s better to know when changes should happen, not just memorize certain words that should be pronounced differently 😅 So thank you ❤️
You're welcome!
Exactly :)
It may take time to learn the rules, but once you learned you can save more time on memorizing how to pronounce each word.
'Learn once, use everywhere' :))
I look at the thumbnail & see “Pabo”…
Understandable sir, have a great day [returns to main page]
Thank you thank you thank you sooo much 🙂
Thank you so much!!! Really really thank you. I've been watching so many tutorials, it's still so confusing particularly the way it should be pronounced. Luckily this channel is the best, very detailed and really explained so so so clearly. Nobody does it this way. More power and thank you again. God bless!
Thank you so much, this video was very helpful. I finally memorized the rules! Can you give me some tips on what I should learn after batchim, thank you
Omg, I am very sorry. I thought I replied to you. Seems like I read it and either got suddenly busy or fell asleep lol
Really sorry for so late reply.
Please head over to 'Alphabet &Grammar' playlist. I already sorted lessons there in a logical order so that you don't need to think what to learn next.
♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️
Thank you 🙏🏻 very useful 😊
this is what i need. thank you so much for the lesson 🙏
I feel like giving up 😢 this is a lot 😅 but that you for helping me ❤
Don’t give up Cindy! Remember that as kids we mispronounce words without embarrassment and one day it just becomes second nature. As kids we don’t even know the rules we just repeat what we hear. Just repeat what you hear and remember it won’t always feel this complicated and there are others like me that are right their with you..
@@JustAnotherNameYo thank you so much ❤️ because of you I won’t give up ❤️
9:06-14:00 all that is very confusing, but I'm sure i can manage to get the hang of it
THIS is what I’ve been trying to understand! Thanks for the explanation!
When the world needs it the most (or at least me), it showed up on my feed.. Thank you,,
감상합니다
저 는 한곡어 를 잘앵싶다
화이팅
My korean is proved a lot by increasing my vocab. and sometimes I can conversate too💜💜
Well whoever is here for BTS?
💜💜💜💜
Hello^^
Do you mind if I correct your sentence?
저는 한곡어를 잘앵싶다 ->
저는 한국어를 잘 하고 싶어요.
Agradezco que existan los subtítulos :)
Hi
Recién lo noto. T_T
Thanks ur a life saver
this sorta video is exactly what i've been looking for! very concise and easy to understand! i made notes so i'm going to try to memorize all of that hehe
Hello.. thank you soo much for these lessons
Theyre really helpful haha:) Before i cudnt find any channel which went to this depth and actually took time to explain stuff. But ur totally different
I have actually started taking notes now and am trying to practice as much as i can. Also, i had a doubt, in your description, u had mentioned abt some levels like B1, C1 and so on.. and u have written tat in C1, we wont rly need ur help... Can u explain how this works?
Hello^^ I am happy you liked them :)
Yeah, because level B2 will cover almost 99% of all Korean grammar.
So, for levels 5 and 6 you will just need to learn new words and high level expressions you can find in fiction books and newspapers. And to learn all this you don't need anybody's help, but your own.
Ohhh
Okk
Thanks a lott:)
You say initial or intermediate ㄹ doesn't sound like r in Spanish, but I'm native Spanish speaker and to my ears, it does! 😆
😂😂😂 tiene un buen sentido del humor.
Well... :)) Korean ㄹ sounds more or less like 'dd' in the word 'Daddy'.
Its really very good and most helpful for learning Korean language
Thank you so much
Fantastic!
감사합니다
When ㄹ(L) is followed by ㄹ(R), ㄹ(R) is pronounce as ㄹ(L). If this correct, I haven't seen on your video.
왜 이게 알고리즘에 뜨누
Most helpful video so far... thank you. 😊
무릇 세상의 사람들을 사랑하셔서 이런 백성들을 위한굴도 만드시고 영어로 이런 영상도 보는 즐거음도 주시네요....
한국인인데 이걸보고있는내가 ㄹㅈㄷ
For 얼굴, why does it not follow the rule and sound like “eol-kool”? Thank you!
Oh, 얼굴 - eol-gul (G, not K).
I forgot to include a reading rule.
If any of these letters: ㄴ or ㄹ or ㅁ or ㅇ
are followed by any of these: ㄱ or ㄷ or ㅂ
then you should read ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ as G, D, B (not K, T, P)
A few examples here:
한강 haNGang (ㄴ → ㄱ)
결국 kyeoLGuk (ㄹ → ㄱ)
심각하다 shiMGak.... (ㅁ → ㄱ)
강국 kaNGGuk (ㅇ → ㄱ)
-------
간다 kaNDa (ㄴ → ㄷ)
들다 teuLDa (ㄹ → ㄷ)
etc.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR HARD WORK
♥️🙂
Your page is a blessing for me to learning my very hearty language... i'm seriously speechless.... How good and helpful your page is for me.......
Thank u so much God bless u all❤️