Why Do Electric Cars Only Have 1 Gear?
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 25 июн 2024
- Why don't electric cars have multiple-gear transmissions?
How Formula E Works - • The Engineering Behind...
Subscribe for new videos every Wednesday! - goo.gl/VZstk7
Big Thanks To Formula E For Sponsoring This Video! Channel Link:
/ @fiaformulae
Why do electric cars only have 1 gear? This is the first of a five part series sponsored by Formula E, who I’ve partnered with to talk about the engineering behind electric cars. I had the opportunity to get behind the scenes at the New York City E-Prix, and was able to chat with team principals, hang out in the engineering rooms during qualifying, and even learn from this year’s champion, Lucas di Grassi.
So why do electric cars use just a single gear, rather than using traditional transmissions like you’d find paired with internal combustion engines? Electric motors can get away without numerous gears because they are high revving, remain fairly efficient across a very broad rev range, and produce a great amount of torque at low RPM.
Don't forget to check out my other pages below!
Facebook: / engineeringexplained
Official Website: www.howdoesacarwork.com
Twitter: / jasonfenske13
Instagram: / engineeringexplained
Car Throttle: www.carthrottle.com/user/engi...
EE Extra: / @engineeringexplainede...
NEW VIDEO EVERY WEDNESDAY! 
Авто/Мото
Now imagine Fast and Furious movies with only one gear. What will they do without dramatic gear changes every 10 seconds?
Adam K lol
talking about range issues and calculating the range by the actual power usage.
new FF series are not about cars so it doesn't matter.
Maybe switches to hook up emergency battery supplies.
Adam K Exactly. And not to mention unrealistic gear shifts. The cars they use must have 50 speed transmissions./s
Thanks for using the metric system.
aullik. Your gratitude is equal to my disgust.
When making video's it seems like it'd be simple to say one thing, then have the conversion text overlay making it relate-able to a wider audience. Not sure why video makers just don't throw that in.
Max R why are you disgusted by it?
The persistent use of crappy imperial is the reason why american are scientifically illiterate compared to the rest of the civilized world. They are confused and simply can't compare, understand and are lost when reading scientific and technical articles. Can't even read a map or compare price per unit in the supermarket.
@@MR-nl8xr
Did you know that electricity is only measured with SI? Coulombs, Watts, Joules, Volts, Amperes, Farads are all metric.
If they really wanted the sport to succeed in overtaking F1 as the premiere racing championship, FE needs to massively raise the power ratings to encourage what in F1 is often known as "cheating". I'm dead serious. They need to cheat. Cheating means innovation, invention, intelligent designs, creativity... The teams need to become manufacturers of their own batteries, motors and everything else like in F1 so they can start cheating like crazy... And then the general public gains from this and road cars get better.
I... Honestly I have to agree!
Maybe having formula racing could be little benefit for EV company, because the huge amount of cost for research but lower impact
they still need to focus on essentials like production scalability, lowering battery cost and increasing range or capacity, rather than branding, the demand is higher than their production capacity right now
Compared to ICE car, EV has different components, means there is no industry best practice, they still need lot of research on optimizing thing, create production method by themself, to increase production output
Meanwhile EV is gifted with that high rpm feature, they did not lack in speed or performance, thus branding is not their priority concern right now
some EV manufacturer like lucid air and tesla race their consumer car on laguna seca, that 1:30 lap time that normally can only be achieved by an ICE super car like mclaren P1, that is proof that they dont even dont need much effort on branding,
@Allen Loser I think everyone knows that. I do at least, I've been watching since the first race.
More power =innovation, ingenuity, greater speeds, more fans, more money and faster development. It's good for the sport.
@@flmworks Thank you for your input and thoughtful, detailed reply. You make a compelling argument, though I respectfully disagree with your assertion that there is little benefit and little application.
Disc brakes, active suspension, sequential gearbox, aerodynamics, steering wheel functions, engine mapping, kinetic energy recovery, crash crumple zones, automobile sensors, active computing and data processing (software adapted from F1 for use in ambulances and hospitals to predict heart attacks), tire research, Kevlar research, carbon fibre weaves, carbotanium, materials sciences (information which is supplied to aeronautics industry and NASA), engines and how to get the most out of them, turbos connected by shaft to both recover energy and use energy off throttle for instantaneous power without lag... This list goes on for a long, long time and I've barely scratched the surface. The point I would like to drive home is that experimentation leads to invention and innovation. It's a worthwhile investment because if just ONE invention or innovation has application somewhere else in the world, it creates new revenue, new industry and improves the world.
I believe that Formula E is in its infancy right now, I also believe that the concept of it is being mismanaged -it's not sexy, exciting, mind blowing and it doesn't make people nearly as excited as they could be... And that's because there really isn't a reason to get excited. What you find in Formula E, you can find in a road car... What if that wasn't the case? What if Formula E had rules that attracted manufacturers, inventors, innovators, investors, the world's greatest drivers? What if a Formula E Grand Prix ran the same distance as Formula 1 -but the cars were twice as fast? How many people would want to watch that? How many NEW things would be invented along the road to get to that point?
When Formula E is faster than Formula 1 and can run just as long and just as reliably, road cars will improve. What we have in the world today, the best EV's have nothing on what the future holds. Imagine a 10% improvement in every area of development.... That's not just 10% better, that's a quantum leap forward because it's in every category of design and engineering, every single part is 10% better and this will have massive impacts on improving production, efficiency, handling, suspension, weight, heat management, etc.
I get that electric cars are really, really fast and they're quite honestly cool as hell -but they're nowhere near to achieving their full potential. They're in their infancy -so are batteries, so are motors and so is charging and efficiency.
So I think Formula E needs a massive amount of funding and marketing, it needs to work shoulder to shoulder with scientists and manufacturing so that things which haven't even been dreamt of yet can become reality...
I remember what cell phones were like before the first true smart phone was introduced by Steve Jobs, the Apple iPhone... The many inventions and innovations, creative application of existing technology and minor improvements along with a hell of a lot of forethought and imagination and quite honestly, the technological visionary intuition of Steve Jobs (who was basically a prophet of technology) has changed the world forever.
Look at the internet and how that has grown and become a dominant force not only in the day to day lives of nearly everyone in the developed world, but it massively contributes to the GDP of countries. When it first started, it was for nerds. It was very slow, it literally connected only two computers. Now look at it.
I could go on all day about why innovation is so important, but in terms of Formula E: in order to succeed as a sport, it needs to become a crazy place full of brilliant, crazy people who make and innovate new things; a place where inventions are dreamt of and tested and innovated, a place with a wide open rule book where those who dare, win. They have an opportunity to radically change the future... Only they're not doing that because their rules are choking the sport to death.
Let them cheat!!
@Viscous Shear lmao!! Exactly!!!
Great video; thanks for dropping by. See you next season!
FIA Formula E Championship Loosen up the regulations already. Allow for much more Wh of storage, your batteries are a joke. I wanna see half meter in diameter rotors and four wheel burnouts at 300 kph.
Not the place to stage complaints.
ABB Formula E I've greatly enjoyed the series. Thank you for helping to push the technology. We need racing for the innovation & to break things for the good of progress.
Approved
OK boomer
After riding my e-bike over 1,500 miles in the last 5 months, I'm thankful to have retained the 8 gears on the rear wheel. One thing I've learned is that low speed with a high-powered electric motor = HEAT! And also big power drains from the battery. By starting in a lower gear on my e-bike, I can keep the motor turning at a relatively higher RPM, which is better for both the motor and battery. Then as I increase speed I gradually shift through the gears. Works awesome.
If your motor is an induction or bldc one, it shouldn't heat up at low speeds like that. Maybe it's a common dc motor.
@@DragonOfTheMortalKombat I have no idea but I still have the bike and it has over 10,000 miles on it now.
@@Patrick94GSR Commonly, if it's two wires and you power it by a battery and a very simple controller, then it's a brushed DC motor.
@@concorde837 The BBS02 (and BBSHD) mid-drive e-bike motors are in fact, brushless motors.
That must be the most quiet car race on earth
Skøut no it's still noisy. Think jet noises.
Mustafa Hasan not really its just the sound of the tires and cars moving through the air
Nah, electric motors are still louder than wind noise. Search for Formula E sound on YT.
no the motors make sound, watch Formular E videos.
Manuel Fischer it's actually the gearbox that make all that noise but yeah they sound cool. 😊
Feels like I just watched a Discovery Channel show! Awesome editing and voice over. This is a must see video.
+u9Nails appreciate the kind words, thank you!
What if it was applied in a heavy duty towing application? Wouldn’t multiple gears be feasible for torque multiplication at lowers speeds, also would a higher gearing yield more range out of the battery? Stressing it less at higher speeds should lower power consumption right?
How exactly do electric motors deliver full power instantly and stays constant over the rev range, whereas combustion engines gain/lose power/torque as rpms increase?
I made a video on this! :) ruclips.net/video/VwFEyL_JJAQ/видео.html
Engineering Explained i thought you did, ahh i will rewatch it✌🏽
The ability to combust fossil fuels is insignificant compared to the power of the Electromagnetic Force.
The force on the piston is due to an explosion, transforming chemical energy into mechanical energy, and not electromagnetic force
If the electric motor does not get full power right away, but gradually accelerated . is it still full torque from the very beginning or do you have to floor it for full torque? I have a rc car with a electronic speed controller and when i barely press the radio it barely has any force...couldn't that be applied to electric cars so they can use transmissions?
Someone had asked me about this and as I started my research your notification popped up. Interesting... I just simply forwarded your video. As usual... awesome job!
Thanks, and thanks for sharing!
I think you could have pointed out better one aspect that is in my opinion the key difference for gearing between electrical and combustion engines. A combustion engine might at best have a wide flat range of torque so you have at best more or less linear increasing power. An electrical engine on the other hand has almost constant power curve over the whole range and a corresponding degressive torque curve which is theoretically infinite at the start. The torque is more or less proportional to the current which needs to be limited and is limiting the torque therefore. Mostly only for that reason the full power is not there instantly and once the torque is not limited anymore the power curve is becoming flat even without a power limitation. And the maximum current is more or less proportional to the engine size and therefore weight. So having torque at low rpm is essentially a trade-off between engine weight and transmission weight (usually favoring a slightly bigger engine and passing on the multiple gear transmission). I am sure that is what you meant, but I think it might not have become clear to everyone watching the video.
Good video, one suggestion for you is to explore how could more gears coupled with smaller electric motor could help to mitigate the range issue on electric cars.
no gearbox AND clutch. I reckon anyone who works on their own cars would love the simplicity of electric drivetrains
o0bananaman0o haha, yes except for the electric part.
usually people who love working on their own car loves when it has more stuff to fix.... just look at Land Rover owners...
Anyone who owns a TESLA will love that you do not have to take your car to the shop and leave it for a few days for any minor repair. Tesla Rangers will come to your home or business and do the repair where the car sits. They can repair 90% of any issue without needing to go to the shop. If you do need the car to go to the shop, TESLA puts you in the newest/best car they have on the market, as a loaner while they fix your car. Elon wants the loaner to be better than the car they are fixing.
Some EVs (like the BMW i3) go have simple clutches to disengage the motor from the drivetrain when a sudden shock is detected to prevent damage. So whenever I go over the crest of a hill at high speed in the i3 and get some air the computer engages a clutch and the motor is isolated from axle. If you are not prepared for it it can be a bit shocking because you obviously lose regen braking at the same time since the motor isn't connected. So after it contacts the ground again the car freewheels like it's in neutral for about a second and then the computer reconnects the motor.
There was an issue also when the rear wheels of the i3 were off the ground... and accelerator depressed fully the wheels would speed up to very high rpm in that fraction of a second with the lack of resistance and when the wheels hit the ground suddenly slow... A few of my fellow "enthusiastic" i3 drivers had the motor mounting bolts loosen due to the repeated shocks and that had to be fixed in a recall by getting the clutch to disengage earlier.
How much does a repair cost thought? Or are they kind of doing it complementary for being a part of the new generation so to speak.
I am a car guy and love traditional combustion engines, but electric-powered cars are outperforming them- just as cars were outperforming horse-powered transportation at a distant place in time.
The future is efficient and torque'y, but completely mute.
For racing, Hybrids is the way to go. Getting the best of both worlds!
Even as an engineer I have to say, I watch racing mainly because of the racing. The engineering is also nice, but the fun part is racing. And my answer was like that, because he said, that electric cars are outperforming petrol cars and my opinion on that is, that this will never happen in racing. Maybe on the streets but an electric car will never beat a f1 car over a normal race distance!
Yes thats true ofc. But with batteries I dont see it happening.
I am talking about racing? FE is not even remotely close to F1.
KOrbiid By design. FE is designed to be slower than F1. You can't just kill your main product. What they should do is allow electric cars in F1.
Thank you, thank you, thank you for explaining this so well. For years I've been sick of people saying that electric motors produce full power and efficiency across the entire RPM band.
Ooh, Formula E! I've recently become a big fan of them.
I like that they post all of their races here on RUclips.
That was great. Another great way to show this is: drawing a graph that show on a combustion engine at what speed is the car going at each gear on top efficiency and another on the electric motor
That was so cool, thanks man I learned much!
good explanation, how this works with electric cars.
Most people think that electric cars have gears. People calling the drive mode switcher a gear shifter, but it's not, because there are no gears.
Also somebody told me already, that she don't like that low noise electric car, because she will not know, when to change the gear ;-)
Very clear and concise explanation. Thank you for posting.
You could also think of the electric motor itself as the transmission, as is the case on many locomotives. On diesel locomotives, for instance, the traction motors generate very high torque when accelerating from a low RPM, and generate proportionally less torque at higher RPMs, thus outputting the same power at a wide range of RPMs. This effect is called motor stalling, and it essentially causes the motor itself to act like a continuously variable transmission. Hence the motor acts like a low gear when accelerating from low speed, and acts like a high gear as it reaches the desired speed. The reverse of this effect allows the motor to act as it's own brake, which is called dynamic braking, or regenerative braking when it's used to recharge the battery during deceleration. This is why diesel and electric locomotives are able to generate the huge amounts of torque required to start massive freight trains, whereas steam engines have difficulty pulling large trains at low speed.
Thanks for the metric units.
It's also worth noting that the effective "gears" are created by changing the winding geometry of the eMachine, where you trade off maximum torque vs rotational speed for any given power value. A higher number of turns means more torque (more ampturns) but also means lower maximum speed because the KE of the motor is similarly increased. However, as it's the inductance of an eMachine that fundamentally limits it's ultimate power capability (for any given supply voltage), and inductance increases as the square of the turn counts, you'll find the trend for maximum power eMachines to be towards, smaller, higher speed, lower torque architectures, and these could/will need gears in order to meet the low speed (and zero speed) tractive effort requirements
If lower KE motors have more turns then why are they relatively cheaper?does the wire gauge decrease?
Great video, your work on these keeps getting better and better.
Great video. I’d like to suggest doing a video on tires and proper rotation and tread wear guidelines. For example, I’m having a disagreement with coworkers on replacing 2 or 4 tires at a time on their front wheel drive vehicle. I maintain that if you are only replacing 2 tires you need to make sure those new tires go to the rear of a front wheel drive car to prevent over steering. They think new tires or best tread tires should be in the front because it’s the drive tires on front wheel drive. I try to explain that regardless of front wheel, rear wheel, or all wheel if you have miss matched tread depth tires the best 2 should be on the rear to prevent oversteer where the rear end lets loose which is harder to control than under steer. Anyone with an opinion please chime in? Thanks!
Very clear and precise explanation.. tq bro.
Happy to hear it, thanks for watching!
I'm very curious on the use of gears for efficiency, can you get more range from a lower revving motor? Or is power usage not proportional to the rpm?
great question
Is more work being done at higher rpm? Where? How much?
No, the same load is being driven by the same motor. The only difference is an increase in amperage for more torque and a decreased voltage for less speed. However it may be easier if I say the wattage, the total measure of electric power, remains the same.
ll.., l.
@@whatitis5646 Amp hour does determine power usage o a lower rpm does conserve battery usage.
very informative, thanks!
Great explanation! I am a fan from Brazil and it is very satisfying to watch this video. I am also a eletronics engineer student and I am currently working with a project for university about eletric car and I had this very question about gears in eletric cars. Thanks!
finally someone civilized who uses km/h
Diego Amado XD ikr
We use mph in England 😜
Oh right, I forgot you still use imperial for distances and speeds (and a few other things I think?). The majority of the world does use metric though.
The proper SI unit for speed is m/s, but you can then convert either to km/h or mph for the layman.
SteelSkin667 well that’s made of two si units second and metre it’s not a si unit it’s self
More formula E videos please!!!!
Have been wondering about this for a while. Thanks for the nice explanation!
Lucas DiGrassi is growing on me. He takes the time for interviews, he's passionate and has big goals in mind. A worthy world champion.
Does electric motors electric efficiency decline with speed? I mean, does it consume more electricity to drive the same electric motor at 20k and at 10k RPM if both are are the same RPM (like 170 kW in Formula E)?
I had the opportunity to work with a 11 kW motor (says the manufacturer) and I had it working at up to 48 kW but just after the peak power it just started dropping (a lot) but I still had the engine sucking up 48 kW electrical energy.
I'm just wondering if that was just the controller that wasn't properly set up, if there was too much friction losses or if the electric motor itself becomes less efficient.... Could that be a reason to have multiple gears so you avoid running in that high rpm low efficiency state?
Sounds like you over-saturated the coils. You hit a point where throwing more electricity at a motor just produces heat, not power. You should be careful, heat can destroy a electric motor fast. Excess heat will demagnetize the rare earth magnets in the motor.
You sir, have a subscriber.
Love it, thanks for subscribing!
Quality info! Thanks!
Thank you for the great explanation and also for the sneak peek into FormulaE (Which I never even knew existed!!!)
You went from a white board drawing images to a very good art.
Always with very good explanation.
I think with a gearbox an electric car could use much less power to keep the car in speed at -for example- 120km/h, thus the range of the car would multiply.
not really, as you only use power to get the engine to certain rpm (a lot of work), then to keep it at that rpm (not too much work), this is why cars are economic when they keep the speed but consume much more fuel when accelerating. Most of energy is used to spin the wheels, not the motor and to lauch a car in specified direction, not to spin the engine itself, so it won't have any great impact on range.
I agree. Most modern electric motors run on 3 phase alternating current with a frequentcy converter, and i was thaught that when the frequenty increases (aka let the motor spin faster) the inpendance also increases therefore losing efficiency.
So if there is a gearbox the engine can rev lower and have less internal resistance.
@@Sjef0194517 But if the internal Resistance is higher less Power is transferred, because less current is Running in the Motor.
The main reason to have a gearbox on a electric motor is to accelerate faster and to climb hills easier. When a electric motor gets bogged down (like on a steep uphill climb) it can heat up very fast and destroy itself. Not to mention it's much less efficient running at low rpm with high load. Better to use a gear ratio to turn it into high rpm and low load.
Porsche seems to agree with you
Wow! Thank you so much. This question had been bugging me for a long time. Btw, how do you model and animate the 3D clips in this video? Do you do it yourself?
Nice to hear from about electric vehicles. Love the graphics Jason! Looking forward to the next one!
So overall, would there be any benefits to have a CVT in an electric car? I ask because if you're going to have any gears at all, why not have it be the most efficient type?
Chaotic-Good Antinormie CVT has big losses and whole point of cvt is to keep the engine at constant power/engine speed at peak efficiecy to neglect own loses. Electric motor by design make constant power over most of their rew range. Simplest reduction gear is most efficient way to trade frequency for torque.
A transmission has a efficiency of around 85-95%, depending on the rev. So in you can save 30% power during acceleration for about 30 seconds, but loose 5-15% during crusing for the next 10 min you are way worse off with a transmission
4:04 who saw that guy get rear ended?
Excellent presentation, and thank you for providing metric units.
During my last days on active duty in the Army, I had the opportunity to learn to drive a diesel-electric locomotive. While it isn't gearing in the traditional sense, I learned that the locomotive starts out with the motor windings configured in parallel. The gives increased torque. When the train reaches roughly 30 mph, the engineer eases off the throttle, and the windings switch to series configuration, which provides less torque but greater speed. I don't know whether or not the Tesla truck uses this same principle, but I would expect that this would be a great advantage to help get the rig moving with a heavy load. It would also be advantageous for off-road vehicles that often need high toque at low speed. It would be similar to a two-speed transfer case.
Interesting thank you
I have a question. How much electricity is actually being consumed at the various speeds of the motor? Say, 5000, 10,000, and 20,000? I would think highway driving, even with an electric motor, that keeping the RPMs low would be just as fuel conservative as it would be for a gas engine. And I would think if an electric motor is good for torque and very low RPMs, why not gear it to run at low RPMs with a kinetic reservoir like a flywheel. Then there's the argument of which is better, volts or amps.
Well, you've certainly got the ideas down! The biggest problem is cost, and complexity, not the theory behind it.
It's a given that a motor performing more work will consume more power, gasoline or not. An electric motor has more spots where it can remain efficient compared to a petrol motor, but of course running it at maximum power will use the maximum power it is capable of using. Kind of how maximum brightness on a phone eats up a bit more than turning it down. Not by too much, but still a percentage.
Of course, ultimately in these independent lab scenarios, weight and complexity bring up more and more questions about how we could go about new technologies to further improve the electric motors. I say we are still in the infancy of what kinds of new technology/innovations are available to us, but perhaps we'll have another "Roaring 20s" of our own after coronavirus!!
Electric motors do not really use more energy in high rpm. The power consumption is because of the load on the motor, not the speed of the motor. If you step down the rpm via gears, the load or force on the motor increases, increasing the power consumption greatly. Since it is efficient in all rpm, this would have no benefits. Electric motors can stick,slip and melt at low rpm, so it may even be less efficient or dangerous.
@@zazethe6553 Electric motors are more efficient at higher RPMs in some tables.
Rimac uses 2 gears and the concept one is one of the quickest and fastest production cars in the world
matthew clark the concept one is not a true production car....doesn't meet the sales volume to be classified as one.
Yes so technically the fastest production car today would be the Tesla model s
Christian Thompson not true...what's its top speed vs Porsche
But Tesla P100D is quicker than Rimac 1 from 0-60 mph because of one gear.
Tesla is fastest accelerating production car in market. It doesn't have highest top speed though due to software limited top speed. Mostly because batteries overheating so Tesla has to reduce speed down. Roadster might be able to go on high speeds if Tesla will fix overheating issue
You can also use different windings on an electric motor as gearing... resistance is the reason for gearing to begin with so it should not be a surprise that windings are used as gears for efficiencies of fuel/energy
If you use two windings, of different lengths, you really have three "gears" 1=short winding, 2=long winding, 3=both windings in series, with two SPDT switches (and something to prevent both switches being set to the same tap point, which would short out the circuit.
Good explanation, thank you for the video!
+Engineering Explained
So we know now why most electric cars don't need gears in normal applications, however would multiple gears improve higher speed applications? Even if it were a 2-speed or CVT.
Most EV owners are well aware of the heightened power consumption when sustaining high speeds. In your usual Leaf or Renault Zoe, the motor is spinning at 7500 or 8000 rpms. Cars such as those also start to experience a loss of available torque at speeds of +50 mph which makes overtaking awkward.
Aside from the well known case of early Tesla Roadsters destroying their 2-speeds, should every OEM EV be limited to be a 1-speed.
That's the questions we need to ask
anytime you convert power through differential gearing, theres a power loss. Combined with the added weight that a transmission adds and you lose any efficiency you would have gained.
" Cars such as those also start to experience a loss of available torque at speeds of +50 mph which makes overtaking awkward." It is not about the loss of torque but a loss of available power.
Tesla Model S and X can achieve 155 mph... how much faster would you like to go in an off the shelf vehicle? For racing applications it is totally different.
Speed isn't the factor... only torque. Electric motors have instant torque and depending on the size of the motor and gear ratio determines torque.
Why do electric cars need brakes at all? Motors are capable of applying torque equally forward and backwards so surely they can slow down as fast as the tires can grip.
For emergency situations. And depending on the state of battery charge (completely full or completely discharged), the regenerative braking might not work at all.
Expect to see a brake-less electric car soon.
Surely it is wrong. Decelerating at grip level from high speeds needs much more power dissipating(recuperating) than regular electric motor can provide.
Great video. If I were to connect a large electric motor to the differential of my car, in theory, it would go. In practice it would be advisable to have a ratio similar to the one quoted in this video. Would I achieve the same torque using one smaller motor per rear wheel.
Rimac has 2 gears
Exactly
Tiago Ferreira Doesn't mean they are right. They could have just used a larger motor with the same weight as the gear box.
difflocktwo they aren't right. But they have the fastest car in the world.... why?
Yes because they want an extremely high top speed.
You don't even need to post this.
Thank you for using metric units.
Simple explanation which was excellent thanks.
What clutch system do these use or are they direct drive like electric rc cars?
i had this doubt today morning and now it's cleared. .... thanks for this video
why don't they make street e cars with gears to maximise the distance a car can cover with one battery charge
Electric cars you can buy normally use a CVT.
So the power usage is lowest whilst still providing enough power.
Again, it's not necessarily worth the efficiency losses that go into adding a geared transmission. Also adds weight and complexity. Electric motors are efficient across a wide range of RPM, so adding gears could potentially mean reducing efficiency.
IIGrayfoxII What EV has a CVT?
With a synchronous motor the efficency doesn't change as much with rpm as a combustion engine does. So the efficency gain with more gears is not as big as the gain on combustion engines. But it makes the car heavier, which decreases the efficency, which smallers the gain even more. And of course it costs more, and the price is beside the range one of the biggest problems for electric cars at the moment.
you mean like tesla?
incoming electric car haters
JohnnyDebt yes, there will be...but they dont hate them, i for one dont...but to ban vehicles with internal combustion engines, thats what triggers!!!
Don't forget the human drivers :) they're worse for the environment than the petroleum.
JohnnyDebt
I don’t hate EVS
I just believe consumers have a right to choose between combustion and electric
Not everyone wants an electric car
Golden Retriever yes, agree with you on that 100%
Golden Retriever At some point you will have to. Oil is a finite resource.
This was a great video. Although I could convert in my head, putting the number in mph as well would have been ideal.
Nice final frames with the rain :) I have an 2016 Tesla P90D and it surely feels like it can have a second gear engaging from 70mph on. While the car has an enormous amount of power in the low speeds, it loses that power advantage to gas cars after 70mph. And yes, I do acknowledge that this means more complexity and more strain on the battery. But just imagine the crazy acceleration up to 150mph :)
That is what I am saying as well. I don’t own an electric vehicle but take that Formula-E car for example. It does 225 kph with the electric motor and just 1 gear. If you were to just slap on ONE more gear then you could easily get 375kph or maybe 400 kph out of the car. I understand that the electric motor is high revving and all but you can’t tell me that, speed-wise, it wouldn’t benefit from just 1 more gear!!! Crotch rockets oftentimes redline at or around 15,000 rpm and they have more than 1 gear. I know it’s apples and oranges but still. I would like to know your thoughts on my opinion, if you don’t mind.
Battery lifespan is a major concern, but I wonder what the lifespan of the electric motors will be with them possibly spinning at very high rpm a lot? What about the magnets in the electric motors, will they degrade over time? Time will tell.
Electric motors last, generally, far longer than ICE for a simple reason. The only part that wears out is the bearing that allows the rotor to stay in place. Depending on the quality, it can easily last over 1 million km. What will wear out way before that will be the transmission.
I think once they can figure out a battery tech that can survive far more charge/discharge cycles and maintain a good power density than current lithium/lead acid batteries we will see a HUGE EV explosion.
But until then dinosaur powered cars will stay the king.
Magnets do wear out with extreme heat, nothing that liquid cooling cant solve...but only dc motors use them , ac motors dont need magnets, they are basically opposed pulsing electromagnets..
Jordan Anderson Check out Jay Leno's Baker electric on RUclips. 100 years old, still works perfectly. Batteries are new of course. but the motor will last generations. Our whole industry runs off electric generators and motors. They will last a looong time even at continuous duty. You can design any part to last as long as you want, but there are compromises.
Modern batteries will probably last a million miles in a car. The batteries will out last the car and owner.
These motors are AC induction, so no magnets or contact points.
I still love the sound of a V8.
It is great and everything but it's time to move on now.
why would it be time to move on from internal combustion engines?
Me too, but do our neighbors? Or do you like it when you're sleeping or working? I don't.
David McClelland
Until EV's can go at least 400 miles on a full charge and charge as fast as filling up at a gas station, i'll pass.
al kiou
One of my neighbors has a loud motorbike, and no one seems to be complaining about it, even in the morning and night.
Thanks for the vid bro!
i had that question for a long time now thanke you very much :)
I'd love to have a stick in eCars....
pSyk there was a Chevy S-10 I seen once that was converted to EV, but it also retained the 3 pedals and 5 speed. Wonder what that would be like to drive, I'd bet if you actually shifted it'd be very fast, as you can even get decent acceleration just in 5th gear alone lol
Look up the Detroit Electric SP:01
Some of the FE cars have a gearbox for better torque management...but it's flappy-paddle operated (stick would take up too much room in those cockpits).
pSyk why with it you lose space money and you slow the car down
In trade for range and entertaining driving. Quite a treat!
But wouldn't having multiple gears allow it to use the electricity more efficently? I mean, that's why we have them in bicycles.
Well a human has a very narrow power band compared to an electric motor, so we really need a few gears on our bikes to make them more practical. There are a few bikes that doesn't have multiple gears, one of them being the "fixie" and I think there are some velodrome race bikes that has a fixed gear ratio. The fixie isn't really a practical bike, and the velodrome racers can't start without having someone help giving them a push. Other than those it's mostly children's bikes (and possibly BMX?) that comes with a single fixed gear.
Blahorga Slisk....If I can I buy today car for my daughter with fix gear sow she can start slowly and have speed limits...every beginners should have car with fixed gear or looked automatic with two gears :D
lolinskimk6 ...gear boxes go to hell in short time with instant 20 000 rpm
He said in video, that adding gearbox is too little advantage comparing to added complexity and weight (which reduces range). It is just not worth it.
If you watch the video, you will learn.
Interesting. Thank you for sharing this.
I didn't know I wanted to know this. Thanks!
They only have 1 gear "fast"
this is dope
Can you do a video which explores homemade diesel fuel? How is it made?... Does it have any negative affects on modern diesel cars like a Mercedes BlueTec?
Thank you so much, love your videos and all the work you put into making them!
I’ve seen two fuel cars that start on regular diesel and once warmed up switch to used filtered cooking oils. Interesting. The exhaust makes me hungry for fish and chips. Seems to work alright. It may not work really well when it gets cold outside as the bio diesel may gel up. I saw that happen to a huge barrel of diesel used to run a diesel electric power system. It was fall and winter grade diesel was supposed to be delivered and accidentally got summer diesel. After a short tome the lights went out. It’s really hard to heat and drain a 5,000 gallon diesel tank. Tough lesson learned.
Great vid, you lucky sod, looking forward to the rest :-)
Question: "Why do electric cars only have 1 gear" Answer = "COST"
Question: why is electric cars soo expensive if they're built with low cost??
Because they aren't (yet) built in high enough volumes! But that's changing and changing fast. the next ModelYear platforms are likely to achieve cost parity with ICE, and the one after that will be cheaper!
Because batteries are crazy expensive...
@Max Torque the Nissan Leaf and Tesla Model S is both mass produced...
@Rondo Cat if that be the case battery EVs will never take off... as they'll never be able to build an affordable EV...
Engineering fail. HP = RPM X torque. An electric engine at 10,000 RPM produces ten times the power that its does at 1000 RPM. Obviously, you need a gear of some type would be highly advantage. In reality, most electric motor's use a drive scheme that drives the poles in a way that gives the effect of a mechanical transmission, but in an electric way. This is done by selecting the way the poles of the motor are being driven. Many poles = lower speed = more torque. Fewer poles = higher speed = less torque. No transmission required, because it can be done electronically.
Look at it like this. If a electric car has 600 HP at 10,000 rpm and 100 MPH, then it only has 30 HP at 500 RPM and 5 MPH, when it is getting started. But we all know electric cars are quick off the line.
tkorocky Nah, if you want HORSEpower ya gotta also divide by 5252.
While you are correct in an EV there are a few other factors. The battery for example will have a maximum current discharge limit. Power = Voltage x Current.
One question, how electric car move from 0 speed if it don't have power? I think this way of thinking is good for gas car, but not work for electric cars.
Sędziwój Poljak:)
Power is product of speed and force. 0 rpm zero motor makes 0 power, but it has max torque or force. It acelerates with constant torque until it reaches max power. When it reaches max power, torque start to drop, but product of torque and revs stays constant, so it makes constant power. It max rews are limited by internal structure and by overrewing motor would fell apart.
I love your videos. I’m not a math nerd and you make it simple and easy to get!
Imagine this in joint with a performance based cvt 😱😍
I know you guys avoid customary units like the plague and metric units make more sense, but for the ones who still use the customary system in daily life, it would be nice to give the conversion in parenthesis next to the metric unit. It doesn't even have to be verbally said. Just written, so us customary folk can conceptually understand on a more relatable basis. Thanks.
acelakid94 Welcome from the club of metric units. Nice to see you finally understand our common predicament when we watch American videos.
Alex O. Haha but he's right they should have...
Remember last time someone added metric units to help you and you didn't have to Google the data. How you thanked them.
It's the little things in life you know.
I think you don't really need the imperial units to understand why a electric car doesn't need more than one gear. I guess it would be nice for you to immediately know if a formel e car is fast or not or how lare the tires are, but the math behind it keeps the same. And if the cars topspeed is 100 or 140 miles/h is, as my professor would say, trivial.
XilefR Sure, I don't _need_ it. The concept is simple enough to understand regardless of the units used, but it's nice to see a familiar number next to the foreign one. Besides, he says, "...what if you want to go 20 km/h?". People who use km/h know that's like a brief human sprint speed while I'm here doing the conversion to also have a similar real world comparison in my head while the main idea is further explained.
In the end its all about relativity and as a imperial unit user, *I literally cannot relate.* 😂
No, convert and adapt, the imperial system needs to be abandoned because its inferior.
First
I could see a use for a low crawl ratio for 4x4 vehicles. I single planetary could be attached at the front of the motor(s). It would be locked up for road use, but when climbing steep hills or rocks, you could unlock it for an extra 4:1 or so. If the conditions of the shift are controlled, you could do it to multiple gearboxes at the same time if you had independent axle or wheel motors. You could also use it to boost motor speed during regenerative braking to put more power back in the battery.
Fun fact: dual-motor Teslas (75D, 100D, P100D) have different gear ratios on each axle (but a single ratio per axle). The rear ratio is optimized for acceleration since the weight shifts back there during a launch, while front ratio is optimized for highway speed cruising and better regenerative braking, since the weight shifts forward during braking. So launching at a traffic light, you're in a rear-wheel-drive muscle car, but once you're past the on ramp you're in a front-wheel-drive economy car. On a highway, the rear axle is essentially in neutral until you're ready to pass that slowpoke Dodge Challenger. Best of both worlds, which is why the dual-motor configurations actually get better range than the older RWD only models.
Great video thanks for the explanation 👍🏾
Thank you for that explanation. Now , my question is: where can I watch the formula e races? It's not on ESPN channel, here in Texas.
Assuming the widths (which affects grip way more than circumference as far as I'm aware) of the wheels stays the same (let's say 8.5") how much quicker would going from a wheel diameter of 18" down to 17" or 16" make your vehicle accelerate? The smaller wheels (in theory) should act the same as having a higher final drive which will effectively increase acceleration and decrease top speed in each gear (and top speed in general).
I have had this question for a very long time: how are 2 different power sources (an ICE and an electric motor, for instance, not necessarily spinning at the same speeds) connected together so that they can combine their outputs to drive the wheels? I've wanted to know about this since F1 introduced KERS and supercars increasingly turn to hybrid technology to overcome turbo lag. I've read that the MGU-K is connected to the engine's crankshaft but that's all I managed to find out.
Enlighten me, please?
electric vehicles use electric motors with iron core on the stator. why not use ferite core instead of iron. ferite core transformers for example are much cheaper, more efficient and many times lighter than iron core ones. the only difference is the magnetic flux those core types can take before saturation and the frequency you can use them. ferite cores saturate at lower magnetic flux, but can take much higher frequency signal before having hysteresis loss. engineers might say the problem is the motor would reach much higher rpm and would have much less torque, but if you make it have 10 phases instead of 3 and have 100 sectors instead 9 it would have the same torque, but higher max rpm and higher efficiency
What a well-produced video!! :)
2:55 hehe my 4.7L V8 4Runner idles at 500 rpm and will chug along at about 800 on a flat surface in 4th or 5th gear
Fun fact: the BMW i8, which was shown in the video and is Formula E's Safety Car also uses 2 gears on it's electric motors. But it's a hybrid, not a pure EV. Its ICE has a usual 6-speed transmission...
Instead of explaining why electric motors have no gears, explaining why ICEs have gears would be way better, because former is more intuitive anyways :) But I'm sure you explained the latter already so it's still nice to have videos about electric vehicles. I love to see rising popularity of these vehicles as a power engineer.
could you make a video about the types of brake fluids and their pros and cons , and in what type of vehicles they're used.
Would the 3 speed not also have an advantage in saving battery power, needing less torque saving battery power, as it is ultimately an energy saving contest still.
Hi, is it really necessary for an electric car to have a simple torque convertor?
Do any of the teams use electric gearing (as in variable frequency AC drives?)
That way you can match your torque/RPM ranges without any mechanical gearing
You ask a question, but answer another one.
As you explain things really effectively and comprehensively I still feel unsatisfied, because I'm really eager to learn why electric cars on the market have no 2nd or 3rd gear to allow them reach higher, than 160km/h, speeds. I only know that Tesla, when developing the first Roadster, had massive problems developing the gearbox hence they eventually gave up altogether and released a car with just 1 forward gear.
I hoped you'd actually tell more about these difficulties - why is it more challenging to create a gearbox for electric cars (Tesla tried with vendors for 5 years before they concluded they failed).
Hey man you should do a video on the progress of your channel has made. like how you started to the point where you're now. it would be interesting and nice to know how you made it you know?
You might enjoy this video, kinda what you're asking: ruclips.net/video/oYIDbHUxV0Y/видео.html
Great video thank you. Gearing multiplies the torque of motor less efficiency. So you can use a smaller motor, produce the same torque on the wheels. Sacrifice is top speed. Gain longer battery life. Looking forward to your next video.
Nice explanation!
great video like always
Hey jason! I tried to make a suggestion on your website, but was unable to due to a glitch in the system. I just wanted to recommend a video in which you explain the benefits and shortcomings of polyurethane bushings, spherical bushings, and standard rubber/OEM bushings in a suspension. I once had a very experienced automotive engineer tell me that he prefers rubber bushings and that it's a common misconception that poly bushings are superior, but his explanation was too complex for me to comprehend... I understood that the principle was that poly bushings limit movement in the suspension components, leading to less responsive handling, inaccurate alignment, and reduced mechanical grip. I was hoping you would be able to explain this more in depth and in a manner that a fresh ME student would be able to grasp, and I'm sure many others would appreciate the insight. Thank you!
Wow this video is awesome, I always wondered why too. Interesting to note is some 1000cc superbikes have a top speed of 160km/h in 1st gear!!!
I like these types of videos with the vids in the background better than the one with the whiteboard