Not sure why this is being touted as the "first Ediacaran bilaterian" as we've known Kimberella for decades and also recently discovered Yilingia spiciformis. AFAIU the sensational part is that they can be linked to Helminthoidichnites burrows. Also, the through gut is not even a foundational bilaterian characteristic, but evolved independently in differently lineages.
I thought that too. And, well, it wouldn't be the first time scientists name something after something in pop culture. Though, it wasn't the case this time around :)
@Matthew Morycinski I didn't realize that all animals (except sponges and its cousins), including fish, insects, anthropods, reptiles, birds, amphibians, and mammals make up only a small branch in the diversity of life.
Bilaterians are but a branch within the Animalia. Against a background of Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Plants, and exclusion clades like Protists, the Bilaterians are indeed a small slice of all life both in terms of diversity and total biomass; and that's counting today. We're not even going to mention the countless others that have gone extinct. Just because most readily visible 'life' are animals, doesn't make them the majority - not by a long shot.
@Raven H If I remember correctly then about 75% of all known species are in fact animals, many of them being insects. I’m not sure whether this reflects the actual distribution of biodiversity on Earth or if it’s just because our efforts to classify life are biased in favor of animals.
@@lenn939 You are probably correct; i cannot verify off the top of my head how many percent of all known species are in fact made up of animals. But these are known and described. When OP and the succeeding comments mentioned "all life [on earth]" that implies both known and yet-to-be-known. Currently insects occupy the vast majority of described species at around a million out of 1.5 million or so described species, with estimates of up to 5-7 million for yet-to-be-classified insects waiting to be discovered. That's however rivaled by the estimated fungal species of a couple million, and protists (all of free-living, parasitic, symbiotic) adding another couple million. And *then* there's the bacteria/archaea. Estimates are obviously difficult to make, and can range from a couple million to a trillion (a thousand million times a thousand) or so, depending on which statistical model you use, what OTU system you use, and what your definition of a 'bacterial species' is. To put that in perspective, just a few years ago geobiologists have published a paper outlining the discovery 35 new phyla of bacteria in goundwater at Rifle, Colorado. While all insects and their relatives are just part of *one* phylum (Arthropods), here we have 35 new phyla of bacteria (which now constitutes 15% of all previously described phyla) just because some researchers decided to use new, finer filters to test groundwater a few metres underground at that one location. Now imagine the vast different habitats and highly diversified niches bacteria can thrive in that we simply haven't bothered to check yet. The oft-quoted 90% of undiscovered parts of the oceans come to mind, the bacteria living at the deepest parts of the oceans, near underwater vents, abyssal mudflats, trapped and isolated under antarctic ice, around brine lakes, and so on, let alone the other *terrestrial* niches. Wherever there's a place where you won't be able to find insects, you'll probably find bacteria. Not to mention that each particular insect species probably harbour *at least* one or two or ten bacterial, endosporidian, myxozoan, parasitic protist, etc. serving as a species-specific host on their own; like we humans have our own array of microscopic parasites and symbionts specific to us and not found on any other. I agree with you to some extent that the drive to classify organisms hasn't been universal across archaea, prokaryota, and eukaryota. It's no coincidence that of the bacterial and protist species known, most have a medical, industrial, or immediate ecological significance to us, plus the fact that for a hundred years or so, the only real way to describe a bacterial species was by isolating one in a culture specifically formulated for that species (temperature, light, agar compositions like mcconkey, blood agar, citrate, löwenstein, and their variations to name a few, and added selective antibiotics to weed out unwanted growth) and was understandably prohibitive; whereas to describe an insect, you only have to collect a sample, photograph, and a dichotomous key for verification. Nowadays modern PCR and non-PCR methods are catching up. But that still doesn't justify the idea that the animals (insects included) make up the vast majority of earth's biodiversity.
How do we know specifically that worm is our ancestor and not any of the many other kinds of animals living back then? Were all the other animals not bilateral?
I was wondering if you guys have a video on the (extinct) American Cheetah? Or if you are planning a video on them? You already did a video on American's lost parrot species so I was curious.
To those 1% who see this comment: Please don't get out of your homes unnecessarily and wash your hands and don't touch your face as much as possible. People in NYC are dying left and right. 40k infected. No more beds. Please understand the severity of this. Even the young are not very safe. May you and your loved one live long and healthy!
I think there is nothing sadder than a human being who believes he is a descendant of a worm. Before I was born again I would laugh at ideas that absurd, but now that I am born again, I am shocked and saddened by the insanity and the pride that allows this ludicrous religion.
They are only the "first Bilaterians" fossilized genetically they have to go back further to an ancestor with a mouth gut since the two groups of bilaterians with through guts develop them very differently via different means of tissue differentiation plus a number of bilaterians lacking through guts are now known ad the genetic split between cnidarians and bilaterians has been indicated to have occurred further back by molecular clock methods
Single celled biochemistry had to evolve collagen and other intermediate fibres like silk for the strength and flexibility needed for directed motion. This is described in a new book published by Austin Macauley Publishers titled From Chemistry to Life on Earth outlines abiogenesis in great detail with a solution to the evolution of the genetic code and the ribosome as well as the cell in general using 290 references, 50 illustrations and several information tables with a proposed molecular natural selection formula with a worked example for ATP. Cheap e-book.
I wonder how our social habits impact our tongue microbiomes. Perhaps frequent, ah, swapping of them with each other and the resulting increase in diversity has a positive effect on our health? It would be an additional evolutionary push toward being social, as well as how we choose our kissing partners, vis a vis attraction. I know I’ve heard that mouth germ composition plays into selection somehow, perhaps through a person’s scent and/or their mouth not tasting offensive. 🤔 Too tired to delve into any research on the matter lol, but it is interesting to consider
Were people with geographic tongues considered in this study. I know for a fact that someone like me with a sever geographic tongue has a fairly differently textured tongue as well as a larger overall surface area which could effect how and where bacteria live.
"I know that having a 'front' and 'back' end might not sound all that remarkable, but in the Edyacharin period it was." I may have misspelled the period name.
Dear Scishow! I am glad to have stumbled on this channel several years ago! You have inspired me to start my own channel and my second video of "Why There May Be a VR Exodus"!
PLEASE DO A VIDEO ON DOG FOOD!!! GRAIN-FREE, CORN KIBBLE, RAW, EVEN VEGAN DIETS. I HAVE FRIENDS WHO HAVE THEIR DOGS ON THESE DIETS BUT WHOS RIGHT? CANT FIND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON THIS ☹️ And I'm trying not to worry but I have my dog on grain free kibble which a while ago was shown to give dogs heart problems. It was a small pool of dogs and the predominant diet was grain free diets that had potatoes and lentil as the top 10 first ingredients. Show me the science SciShow!!!!! 🤔🤔🤔
_Bilateral symmetry is overrated._
*_My left bicep is 40% larger than my right._*
_Sir, this is an Olive Garden Please stop lifting the tables_
Jeff cavaliere would be ashamed
Start jacking with the right 💪
is that because we all have to stay home?
May wanna get that checked man
I hear "CLASI-FISH" and I picture a sturgeon in a top hat.
M'lady
This is a proper rendering of the notion. Thanks for that.
The Rogue Wolf can’t imagine that would be a great loon for a Scottish nationalist..
Trout Mask Replica
That would be a surgeon sturgeon, I assume…
I’m trying really hard to come up with a joke about the “PNAS” paper’s name
No joke needed :)
Scientist: sees weird hole in rocks
Ah finally, *life worm*
Hey! That's my great grandpa you're talking about!
@@ObitoSigma Whatcha gonna do *A N I M E P R O F I L E*
Lawn Mower Productions ok lawn mower
@@teathesilkwing7616 ok pokemon
Akhromyn - Ok cereal killer
Always love when Hank Greene is hosting.
And just when I’ve just learned to embrace my inner fish.
EMBRACE YOUR INNER SANDWORM
Embrace the bobbit worm!
Would you consume them !?
Josh Bobbit worm embraces YOU
@stresser 123 life is a lie
"More than 550 million years ago"
No wonder I don't remember.
Apple Jack ...
I remember, I was visiting my mother
Don't lie.
You don't remember because of the liquor and cocaine.
Ye i was always high back then
@Apple Jack jesus christ *
Not sure why this is being touted as the "first Ediacaran bilaterian" as we've known Kimberella for decades and also recently discovered Yilingia spiciformis. AFAIU the sensational part is that they can be linked to Helminthoidichnites burrows. Also, the through gut is not even a foundational bilaterian characteristic, but evolved independently in differently lineages.
"Microbial Mosh Pit" sounds like a good name for a grunge band. ;)
Ain't that what real mosh pits actually are? 😝😁
Of course it's probably a little hard to get one going about now.
For a sludge band
I always order a bilatte at the coffeeshop - horrible biologist humor, I know.
It was good. I'll give it a pass
wrg
Better than no humors at all.
Yeah because no straight person orders a latte
It hurts
Ikaria Gondoii: "Get in the flipping biofilm, Ikaria Shinjii!"
Is this some type of weeb joke that I don't understand?
Aqua Sama judging by ur name and profile pic it’s surprising you don’t know EVA
LMAO, I was thinking the exact same thing
@@FF-ch9nr ofcourse I know, I am a godess after all.
2:29 heartbroken it's not named after Wario
circle turtles What or whom is Wario?
@@predictivetextisforaunts I understand that you haven't heard of Wario, but surely you've heard or Google?
Nihilistic Atheist Warrior is the anti-Mario.
Let's be honest: the ancient worm is actually named after Waluigi's brother (Ikaria WARIOotia)
Ah yes, PNAS is one of my favourites.
I wish I could like your comment twice
So your batting for the other team?
First thing I thought of when I saw that was "pingas"
*rubbing chin*
Hm, yes. Very nice PNAS.
Oh my gosh, I love the phrase 'microbial moshpit'! I'd love to have a shirt with this 😁
So when I called THAT ex a worm, I was only off by 1/2 a billion years ?
@stresser 123 Please tell me you're posting satirically and don't actually think evolution doesn't happen. Please.
@stresser 123 Their comment was clearly a joke. Your simpy platitudes just sound like virtue signalling.
Nobody:
Me: ikaria (WARIO)oita.
I was thinking of both Ikari Warriors and Wario so you are not the only one LOL
I saw this a day or two ago and this was one of my earliest thoughts too 🤣
*WAH*
@@interfear1 Yep. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikari_Warriors
I thought that too. And, well, it wouldn't be the first time scientists name something after something in pop culture.
Though, it wasn't the case this time around :)
Damn, the latest issue of Cell Reports is out already?!
We need an EONS episode on this guy.
"I have no mouth and I must scream."
It’s okay, they had an anus.
Waitaminutewaitaminutewaitaminute...if we're talking about the mouth, shouldn't that be "microbial noshpit"?
I died at PNAS I'm not gonna lie I dead ass laughed for so long at that, thanks Hank I need that
I want to call them grandma worms. They're basically the grandparents of all life.
Matthew Morycinski bilaterians are not a small branch of life. most life today is bilaterian
@Matthew Morycinski I didn't realize that all animals (except sponges and its cousins), including fish, insects, anthropods, reptiles, birds, amphibians, and mammals make up only a small branch in the diversity of life.
Bilaterians are but a branch within the Animalia. Against a background of Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Plants, and exclusion clades like Protists, the Bilaterians are indeed a small slice of all life both in terms of diversity and total biomass; and that's counting today. We're not even going to mention the countless others that have gone extinct. Just because most readily visible 'life' are animals, doesn't make them the majority - not by a long shot.
@Raven H If I remember correctly then about 75% of all known species are in fact animals, many of them being insects. I’m not sure whether this reflects the actual distribution of biodiversity on Earth or if it’s just because our efforts to classify life are biased in favor of animals.
@@lenn939 You are probably correct; i cannot verify off the top of my head how many percent of all known species are in fact made up of animals. But these are known and described. When OP and the succeeding comments mentioned "all life [on earth]" that implies both known and yet-to-be-known. Currently insects occupy the vast majority of described species at around a million out of 1.5 million or so described species, with estimates of up to 5-7 million for yet-to-be-classified insects waiting to be discovered. That's however rivaled by the estimated fungal species of a couple million, and protists (all of free-living, parasitic, symbiotic) adding another couple million.
And *then* there's the bacteria/archaea. Estimates are obviously difficult to make, and can range from a couple million to a trillion (a thousand million times a thousand) or so, depending on which statistical model you use, what OTU system you use, and what your definition of a 'bacterial species' is.
To put that in perspective, just a few years ago geobiologists have published a paper outlining the discovery 35 new phyla of bacteria in goundwater at Rifle, Colorado. While all insects and their relatives are just part of *one* phylum (Arthropods), here we have 35 new phyla of bacteria (which now constitutes 15% of all previously described phyla) just because some researchers decided to use new, finer filters to test groundwater a few metres underground at that one location. Now imagine the vast different habitats and highly diversified niches bacteria can thrive in that we simply haven't bothered to check yet. The oft-quoted 90% of undiscovered parts of the oceans come to mind, the bacteria living at the deepest parts of the oceans, near underwater vents, abyssal mudflats, trapped and isolated under antarctic ice, around brine lakes, and so on, let alone the other *terrestrial* niches. Wherever there's a place where you won't be able to find insects, you'll probably find bacteria. Not to mention that each particular insect species probably harbour *at least* one or two or ten bacterial, endosporidian, myxozoan, parasitic protist, etc. serving as a species-specific host on their own; like we humans have our own array of microscopic parasites and symbionts specific to us and not found on any other.
I agree with you to some extent that the drive to classify organisms hasn't been universal across archaea, prokaryota, and eukaryota. It's no coincidence that of the bacterial and protist species known, most have a medical, industrial, or immediate ecological significance to us, plus the fact that for a hundred years or so, the only real way to describe a bacterial species was by isolating one in a culture specifically formulated for that species (temperature, light, agar compositions like mcconkey, blood agar, citrate, löwenstein, and their variations to name a few, and added selective antibiotics to weed out unwanted growth) and was understandably prohibitive; whereas to describe an insect, you only have to collect a sample, photograph, and a dichotomous key for verification. Nowadays modern PCR and non-PCR methods are catching up. But that still doesn't justify the idea that the animals (insects included) make up the vast majority of earth's biodiversity.
Nitrate reduction is very common in many bacterial species. It seems like a stretch to label it as a bacterial farm.
3:33 The Microbial Mouth Residents is my next band name
Microbial moshpit is now my favorite word.
How do we know specifically that worm is our ancestor and not any of the many other kinds of animals living back then? Were all the other animals not bilateral?
I'm glad that's my ancestor
Don’t eat them . Please
Okay, real talk:
Who first thought wormy boi's name was a reference to Evangelion and Mario?
I did!
I thought it was a reference to Ikari Warriors, so showing my age...
I thought Bernie Sanders was our oldest ancestor
It's Queen Elizabeth II
Betty White and Bernie Sanders are actually Eve and Adam.
He’s a close second.
Wow
I was wondering if you guys have a video on the (extinct) American Cheetah? Or if you are planning a video on them? You already did a video on American's lost parrot species so I was curious.
the who what now?
@@twonumber22 the American Cheetah, it was the original cheetah yes they didn't first evolve in Africa but the Americas.
@@ANTSEMUT1 Same with horses and camels.
(probably) our oldest (known) (bilaterian) ancestor
Looks awful familiar.. I’m just learning of him, but I feel as though I’ve known him my whole life.
I bet these guys are so smart they don't even chuckle when they say PNAS
I don't wanna dumb down the conversation.... But I always kinda felt I came from Worms!
Clasi-Fish and the Microbial Moshpit... my new band
I would like to see a video from you on aluminum cookware and its toxicity.
Hades' sidekicks Pain and Panic: "We are worms!"
different microbes using different tongue niches... that's just remarkable
To those 1% who see this comment:
Please don't get out of your homes unnecessarily and wash your hands and don't touch your face as much as possible. People in NYC are dying left and right. 40k infected. No more beds. Please understand the severity of this. Even the young are not very safe.
May you and your loved one live long and healthy!
I am still in disbelief about this being the same guy narrating Journey to the Microcosmos.
Father!?
pesky bee!
The best part of these videos is the comments section set to "New" and seeing the people who deny Evolution
I think there is nothing sadder than a human being who believes he is a descendant of a worm. Before I was born again I would laugh at ideas that absurd, but now that I am born again, I am shocked and saddened by the insanity and the pride that allows this ludicrous religion.
@@NotOfThisWorld567 Yet you consider yourself the descendant of a golem and that's fine?
@@NotOfThisWorld567 - Evolution by definition is not a religion.
4:55 I never thought SciShow would reference a mosh pit😂
So our oldest ancestor is Wario... That does seem to explain the current state of affairs in the world
I can’t be the only one who thought the thumbnail looked like.....
A Phallus Right?😅
FINALLY someone else says it. Thank you!
I think you mean: "The Cambrian Explosion (musical)"
Those creatures' name is so close to 'Ikari Warriors', the 80's NES game. What an odd coincidence.
they were named after Wario, who is a bilaterian, change my mind
Hey look it’s my greatest achievement! Multicellular Life As We Know It for the GameBoy Advance
I feel the worm inside me still
Look up imortal coruptor by gwar lol
Bilaterian is my new favorite insult
*"shut your mouth you bilaterian"*
Yo Hank, we all noticed how you didn't say PNAS out loud. Damn that shits funny.
SciShow: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Me reading subtitles: p-nas
Me, hearing that acronym in my head: Hee hee. They said penis.
Hank: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Me: Penas
So if you ever had trouble sorting out left and right, front and back, thank this worm
Classy fish!
Y'all need to do another History of Life Compilation.
My microbial mouth residents like Guinness.
Started from the bottom now we're here
all this talk about Ikaria Wariootia, but everybody forgets about Ikaria Waluigia...
they didn't even put him in smash ultimate.
Thats explain why i like and can do the worm dance
PBS Eons get on this
They are only the "first Bilaterians" fossilized genetically they have to go back further to an ancestor with a mouth gut since the two groups of bilaterians with through guts develop them very differently via different means of tissue differentiation plus a number of bilaterians lacking through guts are now known ad the genetic split between cnidarians and bilaterians has been indicated to have occurred further back by molecular clock methods
Have you heard of a run on sentence?
Tinder for great great grandad must've been brutal.
So that’s what Steven is turning into...
F--- i love this channel. Keep it up
I feel like the title image for this one is directly connected to the disgust center of my brain.
It’s fascinating how we became a cluster of cells that multiplied to into trillions and then figured out how to make us evolve.
I will never not say PNAS the easy way.
So you're telling me the Empress Bulblax from Pikmin 2 really existed. Aight not bad.
the missing link sure is smaller than I thought
Single celled biochemistry had to evolve collagen and other intermediate fibres like silk for the strength and flexibility needed for directed motion. This is described in a new book published by Austin Macauley Publishers titled From Chemistry to Life on Earth outlines abiogenesis in great detail with a solution to the evolution of the genetic code and the ribosome as well as the cell in general using 290 references, 50 illustrations and several information tables with a proposed molecular natural selection formula with a worked example for ATP. Cheap e-book.
Yay Riverside!!!
I'm in for a Journey into the tongue's Microcosmos.
So they are our original parents.
I always wondered why my mouth specifically stopped feeling weird when I ate (those few cursed moments I didn’t brush before eating
I wonder how our social habits impact our tongue microbiomes. Perhaps frequent, ah, swapping of them with each other and the resulting increase in diversity has a positive effect on our health? It would be an additional evolutionary push toward being social, as well as how we choose our kissing partners, vis a vis attraction. I know I’ve heard that mouth germ composition plays into selection somehow, perhaps through a person’s scent and/or their mouth not tasting offensive. 🤔
Too tired to delve into any research on the matter lol, but it is interesting to consider
So Chubby Emu chips in - 'How mouthwash gave this man, a heart attack'
Anno was right. Our beginnings are in the worm like Ikari(a).
Hank: *PNAS*
Me: MUST. REMAIN. MATURE.
Were people with geographic tongues considered in this study. I know for a fact that someone like me with a sever geographic tongue has a fairly differently textured tongue as well as a larger overall surface area which could effect how and where bacteria live.
Why when I saw worm-y on the thumbnail did I know it would be Hank?😆
If this animal ate bacteria then how do Bacteria taste like?
Gran has changed
"I know that having a 'front' and 'back' end might not sound all that remarkable, but in the Edyacharin period it was."
I may have misspelled the period name.
Ediacaran
It's a weird name, but one of my favourites
Dear Scishow! I am glad to have stumbled on this channel several years ago! You have inspired me to start my own channel and my second video of "Why There May Be a VR Exodus"!
Nice! I'll check it out!
So what are you telling us Hank? Brush or don't brush? We're getting mixed signals here. ;)
Perfect thing to watch while eating. 😂
PNAS PNAS PNAS, I'm not sorry
2:20 Looks like the worms from Slither 🤢
the
I wish i had someone to play with.
Wormy has gone a long way, hasn't he?
@0:11 Not me my dude member looking like a crowbar
💚 *quality content* 💚
My ancestor :)
PLEASE DO A VIDEO ON DOG FOOD!!! GRAIN-FREE, CORN KIBBLE, RAW, EVEN VEGAN DIETS. I HAVE FRIENDS WHO HAVE THEIR DOGS ON THESE DIETS BUT WHOS RIGHT? CANT FIND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ON THIS ☹️ And I'm trying not to worry but I have my dog on grain free kibble which a while ago was shown to give dogs heart problems. It was a small pool of dogs and the predominant diet was grain free diets that had potatoes and lentil as the top 10 first ingredients. Show me the science SciShow!!!!! 🤔🤔🤔
shame they didn't name it waluigia
Will we see the tongue microbes in the next microcosim episode, please?
Does the body store any backup tongue microbes? I'm sure mouthwash and the such can't be good for the colonies.
"the microbial moshpit"