From Paper to Bionics: Origami's Incredible Impact on Science | FD Engineering

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  • Опубликовано: 11 июн 2024
  • From Paper to Bionics: Origami's Incredible Impact on Science | The Origami Code | FD Engineering
    Watch 'Technologies of the Coming Century' here: • Technologies of the Co...
    In Japan, every pupil learns origami: a square sheet of paper is shaped into a frog or a lotus flower. No cuts, no glue - just folds. But in the last twenty years, this ancient art of folding has gone through a high-speed evolution with an impact in almost every corner of our society.
    At first for fun, mathematicians and computer scientists embraced this field and produced sophisticated, seemingly impossible models. A black forest cuckoo or the Paris cathedral - all made from just one sheet of paper. These origami freaks eventually discovered that with origami they could fold anything, create any 3D object, providing the sheet of paper was large enough. Looking at these developments, biologists wondered whether origami wouldn’t be in fact an attempt to imitate nature. And indeed, everything that develops and changes in nature is folded: mountains, blossoms, the brain… Life is an unending series of folding and unfolding. It’s the most economical and efficient process in the natural world. And it is not only design. Folding determines also function.
    Today researchers in robotics, medicine, biology, nanotechnologies, are embracing this “origami philosophy”. They are looking at how materials and molecules wrinkle, drape, flex and crease, refining origami techniques, and trying better to understand and duplicate nature’s universal folding principles. The Origami Code explores this silent deciphering and mastering of a completely new dimension of reality. The film explores how the ancient art of folding paper has entered the cutting-edge domains of research and now could lead the way to the ultimate stage in bionics.
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Комментарии • 177

  • @dianeweaver3928
    @dianeweaver3928 Месяц назад +29

    Aa high school math teacher, I stressed paper folding. (For example, the book "Patty Paper Geometry" has many great activities.) I was SHOCKED by the cluelessness of many students about even simple paper folding! They got confused very easily. I think paper folding needs to be part of the elementary school curriculum. It's fun and an artform! Even making a cootie catcher with memory items to study for a test is fun.

  • @jamesburnett7085
    @jamesburnett7085 Месяц назад +20

    I am moved beyond awe by such amazing skill and imagination. As a westerner who has had some experience with basic origami, I am humbled by such mastery. Obviously human achievement goes far beyond my wildest dreams.

  • @kaizu4914
    @kaizu4914 3 месяца назад +23

    This documentary is a must watch for everyone, especially in school or university.
    Folding design needs to be applied more widely

  • @gordonadams5891
    @gordonadams5891 13 дней назад +4

    So, if space is folded, in order to travel in space, find a nearby fold, or "trail" of folds, ending where we want to go and just let it unfold us at our destination.

  • @zaubergarden6900
    @zaubergarden6900 Месяц назад +14

    The year of the production of this documentary belongs in the description. The comment "plan to launch in 2020" heard at some point in the NASA subplot struck me with surprise.

  • @ItsWesSmithYo
    @ItsWesSmithYo Месяц назад +8

    I remember touring a Sikorsky helicopter when I was a kid, like 40 years ago, and someone handing me a sample of “honeycomb” that was a sandwich used to build the walls. That thing was badass. 🤙🏽🤯

  • @sueboberki
    @sueboberki Месяц назад +4

    Прекрасный образец образовательного фильма! Аплодирую стоя! И делюсь! Спасибо создателям этого шедевра!

  • @fabiodeoliveiraribeiro1602
    @fabiodeoliveiraribeiro1602 Месяц назад +12

    I am 59 years old. When I was 11, a Japanese-Brazilian schoolmate taught me how to make some origami animals and objects. To this day I haven't forgotten how to fold those wonderful things. Unfortunately I didn't learn how to do others.

    • @Chris-bg8mk
      @Chris-bg8mk Месяц назад +4

      Fortunately, it's not too late! There's tons of videos on how to fold objects on this platform, and learning keeps the brain young!

  • @warrior4christ777
    @warrior4christ777 2 месяца назад +9

    That spider ....wow!

  • @furrystep
    @furrystep Месяц назад +5

    Why looking at all these truly fascinating fantastic developments does not thrill my heart? Why is war and killer robot transformer the first that comes to mind? Am I diseased? Or is Boston also the seat of a company called Boston Dynamics? Hate being a spoil-sport but somehow I cannot help it. How I wish the world could be different! Wonderful! How wonderful!

  • @kummer45
    @kummer45 3 месяца назад +7

    Parametric architecture was born. Japan, thank you.

  • @karinje2208
    @karinje2208 23 дня назад +2

    I did a bit of folding of a single sheet and wanted to learn more. Thanks for your video! 💌

  • @lodgechant
    @lodgechant 15 дней назад +1

    WOW! What an inspiring documentary. Thank you!

  • @LS-kg6my
    @LS-kg6my 4 месяца назад +8

    This is so mind blowing.

  • @mateovilla4676
    @mateovilla4676 2 месяца назад +7

    In this is the promise of the raw power of geometry. Ever since the industrial revolution, we have only just scratched the surface of geometry because we have always had abundant and cheap fossil fuel energy to throw at a problem. As fossil fuels diminish, we will finally be coerced into utilizing the same properties that nature does, to survive. I see in the mathematics of paper folding, our unfolding future...

    • @Jd-ace
      @Jd-ace Месяц назад

      we're bound to this origami plane of existence , we're all in the folds....

  • @whothewho82
    @whothewho82 13 дней назад +1

    This is so incredible 😮 I didn’t put 2 & 2 together, folding existed before paper

  • @badjaeaux
    @badjaeaux Месяц назад +6

    i remember back in the day there was no internet and the TV han no cable channels early 90's. Dad bought us a cool origami booklet, and we've folded about a hundred cranes. That was a great weekend. More than 30 years ago. Eight years ago, I helped fold cranes for a wedding. Today, I plan to fold a beautiful rose and a leaf for my fiancé

    • @sueboberki
      @sueboberki Месяц назад

      из личного опыта только лиса из 50 евро на подарок.
      "from personal experience, only a fox from 50 euros for a gift."

    • @badjaeaux
      @badjaeaux Месяц назад

      @@sueboberki cool bro, and how much was the nuke?

    • @sueboberki
      @sueboberki Месяц назад

      @@badjaeaux Did a nuclear bomb really cost 50 euros?!)))

  • @darrellpidgeon6440
    @darrellpidgeon6440 Месяц назад +1

    Fascinating. Thinking of fractals now. And nano-tech.

  • @Vincent........
    @Vincent........ 14 дней назад +2

    I am amazed with the complexity of origami which i didn't know anything of, except the child version of origami. At 23:15 when Joan Sallas says, no one invented origami, it was already there. I think to myself, only God created it and He did it so wondefull. Amazing world we live in, and thank God for talents to discover His great works of art.

    • @whothewho82
      @whothewho82 13 дней назад

      Amén. Biomimicry is just us copying his handiwork

  • @alejandroespinoza7062
    @alejandroespinoza7062 Месяц назад +2

    Es increíble lo que se puede hacer con una hoja de papel e imaginacion

  • @ekbergiw
    @ekbergiw Месяц назад +2

    I think this is my third or fourth time watching this 😄 it was on nebula for a while

  • @certuv
    @certuv 12 дней назад

    What an interesting film, after a working life in architecture and design and now very much retired still make "things". I shall look
    at this programme again and again in the future. Thank you for posting.

  • @fuzzypenguino
    @fuzzypenguino Месяц назад +6

    So the universe was folding before it was cool

    • @andriesscheper2022
      @andriesscheper2022 27 дней назад +1

      The BIG EXPANSIAN (BANG) UNfolding! It all starterd with origami! And it evolved into a FLAT kosmos, according to The Origami Code! This could start a new religious cult! Fascinating! Quantum origami!

  • @FMFvideos
    @FMFvideos 12 дней назад

    As a Master paper bender, I was fascinated by the simplicity of your origami.

  • @segment932
    @segment932 Месяц назад +3

    This documentary is at least 10 years old.

  • @lalasampritray375
    @lalasampritray375 2 месяца назад +4

    14:30 The guys last name is Floderer??

  • @danielk9316
    @danielk9316 9 дней назад

    12:40 it's so weirdly funny to listen to your native language with an voiceover in another language ^^

  • @davidlamb7524
    @davidlamb7524 29 дней назад

    Amazing video. Thanks for posting this. I feel like I stepped into a new world of possibilities.

  • @annakonda6727
    @annakonda6727 5 месяцев назад +3

    Fascinating!

  • @stephenday1520
    @stephenday1520 4 дня назад

    Great work mate, very objective. You opened my eyee

  •  18 дней назад

    Ufuk açıcı, harika bir paylaşım teşekkürler.
    Çocukluğumuzda TRT de origami öğreten bir teyzemiz vardı. Pelikan yapıyordu.

  • @keithking1985
    @keithking1985 Месяц назад

    Amazing stuff
    Used to work in a place making balloon catheters and stents 😊

  • @invictusyou9166
    @invictusyou9166 Месяц назад

    Awesome
    Made me speechless!!

  • @corticallarvae
    @corticallarvae Месяц назад +3

    How can I apply it to wave folding waveforms in sound design

    • @statinskill
      @statinskill 21 день назад

      Keep going

    • @leibfriedwolfgang9155
      @leibfriedwolfgang9155 17 дней назад

      U find it in every Akustik Instrument!

    • @corticallarvae
      @corticallarvae 17 дней назад

      @@leibfriedwolfgang9155 you’re correct sir but I’m not an accoustic musician it was a request for a physical modeling waveformer from some friends… I can get the image on an oscilloscope using pure data but that’s an image transfer.. if i could maintain the motion and physical action then apply it to any wave form i would be quite excited.

    • @corticallarvae
      @corticallarvae 17 дней назад

      @@leibfriedwolfgang9155 I’m not looking for self similarity or fractal waves it’s a very specific request about the origami folds…. All of the rest is there…. It is an explicit request .

  • @KungFuChess
    @KungFuChess Месяц назад +1

    Oragani has made a great contribution to joint rolling as well

    • @deadby15
      @deadby15 11 дней назад

      A Japanese girl was once complaining to me that at parties everyone asked her to roll joints cause she was alittle too good at it.

  • @PSVYME48
    @PSVYME48 9 дней назад +1

    Wow so cool 😎

  • @sonarbangla8711
    @sonarbangla8711 Месяц назад +1

    Watching this origami video, it occurred to me that holography may have something to do with origami. Not only plants, but the human body displays origami in its simplicity and complexity.

    • @deadby15
      @deadby15 11 дней назад

      I had the same thought.

  • @TonyWarren-pw4lv
    @TonyWarren-pw4lv Месяц назад

    I'm very curious Sir to know can you do these designs without the triangle do you have that mathematics and if it cannot be done without using the triangle why

  • @tcf70tyrannosapiensbonsai
    @tcf70tyrannosapiensbonsai 9 дней назад

    Very cool movie. For a folding-aficionado like me a real marvel!
    I wonder, how many people developed, detected or invented the so called Waterbomb Tesselation (2:48-2:53, 25: 10 [Origami Stents], 32:04-32:15, 35:30-35:32, 35:44-35:47, 35:53-35:56), formerly Pineapple Folding, in the early nineties.
    Really, I was one of em. From the day I first held it in my hands untill I had to realize, I had no salesman skills at all, I was folding day and night for two whole years. Then I found the texture/structure printed over a double-page in a book named Bionik. I almost got a heart attack, when I read, the thing was so new, they don't know, what purpose it could serve. A decade later I found out, the picture in that book came from Prof. Biruta Kresling in collaboration with a student. I immediately wrote her an Email with my story, and to my surprise, she wrote me back and told me bout the success of this folding pattern I called "Performer". And then, did I feel deceived. No, I felt honoured, that I received an answer of such an icon in the field of developmental folding and - according to the sucess of the shape - the confirmation, that I didn't waste my time with blunder.
    Thank You, Biruta Kresling, for taking me serious. I hope Your still fine an healthy!

    • @tcf70tyrannosapiensbonsai
      @tcf70tyrannosapiensbonsai 9 дней назад

      Some questions:
      What makes Robert Lang the most influential artist in the world. Which is the most innovating sculpture folded by one sheet of paper? That spider? The pattern of the spider is complex, but not unsolvable without a computer. Of course, his Origamis are great, but what are the superlatives all about.
      Why are You putting Japanese Origami in the same pot like any paper folding of any culture? There was no other paper capable of such strength and thinness to fold anything else than a crane or napkin variations.
      Origami and Dark Matter: Asian women origamiing the brainchild of a white male based upon pure theory.

  • @TheGrimshaw
    @TheGrimshaw 9 месяцев назад +2

    This origami reminds me so much of the movie Transformers.

  • @corticallarvae
    @corticallarvae Месяц назад

    Apply it to membrane synthesis in modal sound- wave folding at the highest level

  • @quietfriend2660
    @quietfriend2660 4 дня назад

    wow way above my head, so crazy

  • @brajeshsharma5302
    @brajeshsharma5302 15 дней назад

    The objectives of origami designing should be 1. how to minimize A- the number of crease and B- the waste of paper i.e., the proportion of paper used to paper seen as principal part of 3D object. 2. maintaining the similarity and strength. I love origami folding and happy to see the progress.

    • @PikkuKani
      @PikkuKani 9 дней назад

      More creases more detail though

  • @ItsWesSmithYo
    @ItsWesSmithYo Месяц назад +1

    Everyone looks full zen 🤙🏽😎🖤

  • @Chris-bg8mk
    @Chris-bg8mk Месяц назад

    Wasn't the Webb space telescope heat shield a (series of) folded structure(s)?

  • @tuclen-itsmeanttobeangry4383
    @tuclen-itsmeanttobeangry4383 Месяц назад

    Cool 👍

  • @user-yt4oy9kp5w
    @user-yt4oy9kp5w Месяц назад +1

    I agree but the basic science is still great to watch even though within the covid jab it has self relicating nanotechnology using origami processes . This is old but still great.I think at the time it was made much of this was new or covert new. Its still interesting but should date it.

  • @TonyWarren-pw4lv
    @TonyWarren-pw4lv Месяц назад

    I'm thinking about the permits that's a triangle and I'm seeing the design of a triangle constantly there's a science behind the triangle collecting power energy in which the triangle is very important

    • @sueboberki
      @sueboberki Месяц назад

      Как в фильме "Назад в будущее" пророческое видение Профессора "флуктуатора".

  • @ryanhiggins1902
    @ryanhiggins1902 29 дней назад +1

    Smart people there, they all seem to say the same thing. The paper has power ;)
    🌟☝️🗽

  • @davidwilkie9551
    @davidwilkie9551 Месяц назад +2

    If you "magically" interpret potential positioning superposition in e-Inflation as pure-math relative-timing functions and transverse P-i Singularity-point positioning @zero-infinity vanishing-into-no-thing Eternity-now sync-duration-> log-antilog 2-ness in 3-ness Sublimation-Tunnelling jumps of dimensionality coordination, it matters to the intended design of a frozen phase-locked coherence-cohesion objective-aspects of material substantiation in/of relative-timing Principle Imagery projection-drawing Actuality. The Observer has recognized a state of being inherent in the Eternity-now modulation cause-effect mechanism of universal Logarithmic Time Duration, Mind-Body Fusion-Fission Function Timing Conception.

    • @Tribecasoothsayer
      @Tribecasoothsayer Месяц назад

      You’ve figured it all out! 🧐

    • @deadby15
      @deadby15 11 дней назад

      Can you explain it again in layman's terms? 🤔

  • @peterboneg
    @peterboneg Месяц назад +1

    18:37 They're Hornbeam leaves, not Beech.

  • @WhatDadIsUpTo
    @WhatDadIsUpTo Месяц назад

    I always wanted to design an origami house. Just pinch each side, give it a yank and . . . you have a house!

  • @dohminkonoha3200
    @dohminkonoha3200 3 месяца назад +3

    Origami goes to beyond stars.

    • @PikkuKani
      @PikkuKani 9 дней назад

      Just wait until we start folding space itself

  • @muheydari
    @muheydari Месяц назад

    Great.

  • @corticallarvae
    @corticallarvae Месяц назад

    Bucky paper please cover it in this -just started the doc

  • @corticallarvae
    @corticallarvae Месяц назад

    Fractal antennae prints should head this direction

  • @_SurferGeek_
    @_SurferGeek_ Месяц назад

    22:00 - Smooth brain

  • @TonyWarren-pw4lv
    @TonyWarren-pw4lv Месяц назад

    This video makes me wonder is space able boo to fold in and out pen out in different dimensions

  • @dimasgomesnovo2316
    @dimasgomesnovo2316 Месяц назад

    What work! Wat patience!

  • @christopherparsons7038
    @christopherparsons7038 24 дня назад

    Just imagry: can I fold water to a droplet that when dripped in a bucket, fills it? :-)

  • @quietfriend2660
    @quietfriend2660 4 дня назад

    What's the software? can we try it?

  • @verstrahlt1907
    @verstrahlt1907 27 дней назад

    Very nice documentary.
    Not my fault I like to fold.

  • @Onionbaron
    @Onionbaron Месяц назад +1

    All handcraft that envelopes making 3d shapes of a 2d material benefits from knowing this!
    Tinkerers, seamstress/tailors, saddlemakers, bookbinders etc etc...
    But only a few of 100 000 will understand, and only a few in millions will adopt it...
    We may adopt it in practice, but seldom in theory...
    Say´s me a "sc" master tinsmith...

  • @petercook5581
    @petercook5581 22 дня назад

    I wonder how the folding beetle came to it's end, in the cause of origami theory.

  • @prognostic1922
    @prognostic1922 21 день назад

    WOW🤯

  • @elektrolyte
    @elektrolyte 28 дней назад

    I did not know that Audrey Hepburn was keen on origami...

  • @AJHyland63
    @AJHyland63 Месяц назад

    And here I have trouble folding a tent to fit into the bag it came out of.

    • @zoutewand
      @zoutewand 22 дня назад

      Those are done in factories and basically put the tent in a tube the size of the bag and suck the air out of it its no wonder you're struggling

  • @IdentityCrisis1581
    @IdentityCrisis1581 Месяц назад

    So this video basically explains how there is no difference between 2d and 3d when it comes to construction. A 3d object is just a 2d pattern folded onto itself. That means that higher dimensions, are no different. A 4d object is just a 3d object folded onto itself, which is a 2d object folded onto itself. Ans 1d is the fold pattern on the 2d object that folds to make the 3d object. The 3d object folds to make the 4d object, and it's all just a a pattern of folds. I think we need to look more into lower dimensional states. If we understood how it all folds up to complexity from pattern of points, to flat sheet, to complex 3d objects. We would understand more clearly the structure of the universe.

  • @jayshukhlathiya5601
    @jayshukhlathiya5601 Месяц назад

    Universe is a very complicated origami pattern😊

  • @sJs78
    @sJs78 2 дня назад

    Omicron draconians are of the dragon moth/dinoid species....

  • @TonyWarren-pw4lv
    @TonyWarren-pw4lv Месяц назад

    I did it the mathematic numbers are folding is space because space is lines and everything is numbers and all of those designs could be mathematically added up in numbers to exist interesting

  • @HwnDragon1
    @HwnDragon1 Месяц назад

    Hmm using machinery should be in its own category when stating who’s a Master.

  • @user-kc3io9hq9e
    @user-kc3io9hq9e Месяц назад +29

    I find it hilarious that some of these pictures keeps getting recycled after 20+ years and playing it off. As if This is brand new technology.

    • @evdm7482
      @evdm7482 Месяц назад +10

      What, we just discovered folding, you’re telling me nature has been doing it for 20 + years?! Crazzzzzzy

    • @merxellus1456
      @merxellus1456 Месяц назад +4

      @@evdm7482just discovered is an understatement.. Origami existed way back in the 17th centuries..

    • @macdmacd7896
      @macdmacd7896 Месяц назад

      its hilarious cos you are too dumb to create a complex geometrical origami of the spacetime LOL

    • @radhindmaan8117
      @radhindmaan8117 28 дней назад +2

      There is nothing more hilarious then a simpleton behaving like he knows better.,,,🤣😅😂

    • @christawilliams9116
      @christawilliams9116 28 дней назад +4

      I love watching children experience the joy of discovery.

  • @saaawa
    @saaawa 18 дней назад

    Not Miyura-folding but Miura-folding

  • @TonyWarren-pw4lv
    @TonyWarren-pw4lv Месяц назад

    Every fool it's different in the curve design to give the appearance of the object once thinking in his mind triangle is a very important folde

  • @foxsky4336
    @foxsky4336 4 дня назад +1

    Le Con Corde , qui reproduit la Hors (life) Vie ^^ !!!!

  • @TonyWarren-pw4lv
    @TonyWarren-pw4lv Месяц назад

    The flower of life 360 the snake that grabs his tail the circle

  • @derciferreira2523
    @derciferreira2523 Месяц назад +1

    Nagano is center of Japan not northern.

  • @xX0IRIDIUM0Xx
    @xX0IRIDIUM0Xx 10 месяцев назад +1

    ohayo gozaimasu

  • @christophvonknobelsdorff1936
    @christophvonknobelsdorff1936 Месяц назад

    😮

  • @angloland4539
    @angloland4539 Месяц назад

  • @Ritza.Elefteria.Michaki
    @Ritza.Elefteria.Michaki 2 дня назад

    Imagine he needs a computer for creating a spider, but can he do it without or he just bay the models but it inside the computer and recreate it it doesn't make him special he is coping other.

  • @RonnieStanley-tc6vi
    @RonnieStanley-tc6vi Месяц назад +1

    I find it funny that they talk about the math and geometry involved in this art. Yet the artists aren't mathematicians. To them, its just an art. I bet there are only a handful of people on the planet that understand the math involved in this. I played billiards most of my life. Ive never once used math in any game ive played except to figure out the score. But somehow, mathameticians say that the game is all about math?? I bet the best pool players in the world don't know a thing in the world about the math involved in the game, same as origami artists.
    It seems to me that building a program to convert a 3D image into the folds on a piece of paper, is a way to take the "Art" out of the artist. Seems like a corpoate way of making art.

  • @evdm7482
    @evdm7482 Месяц назад +1

    Sophons… anyone quantumplate?

  • @duggla781
    @duggla781 Месяц назад +1

    I was once in a relationship with an ignorant constantly yapping lady who's sadly the cousin to all Karens. She believed "Origami" was shorthand for "Original Gaming" and believed she herself to be an Origami of Nintendo NES after the release of the Super Nintendo Classic Edition (SNES). Nevertheless, I would not correct her understanding. I only hope when that day comes, its caught on camera.

  • @PravdaSeed
    @PravdaSeed 11 дней назад

    💙 Thanks 💙
    i wish i was
    🇨🇳 Chinese 🇨🇳
    🌀💙🌀

  • @rodrigodiaz5003
    @rodrigodiaz5003 Месяц назад

    😃👍

  • @vocalcords7397
    @vocalcords7397 День назад

    this video was made far before 2020...

  • @dennissato320
    @dennissato320 6 дней назад

    😮😮😮😮😮😮😮😮😮

  • @mevenstien
    @mevenstien 28 дней назад

    ✨️🙂✨️

  • @maibemiles3904
    @maibemiles3904 13 дней назад +1

    Potential issue with the stint idea would be keeping it from folding shut!!! If the artery constricts the stint would just fold closed. Need something that can fold but lock into place..

  • @davidwilkie9551
    @davidwilkie9551 Месяц назад

    GD&P parallel coexistence assessment of 0-1-2-3-4..->quantization cause-effect of superimposed log-antilog interference positioning-location condensation modulation, this is natural probabilistic Origami and Euler's e-Pi-i 1-0-infinity instantaneous 0-1-2-ness perspectives of 2-ness tangency Quantum-field in 3-ness => 3D-T experience of relative-timing resonance information In-form-ation. Holography.

    • @evdm7482
      @evdm7482 Месяц назад

      The probability of humans understanding the complexity of the universe, from a single point in the universe, cool bro 👍🤟🫴🤙🖖

  • @martinhosilvadesouza9193
    @martinhosilvadesouza9193 23 дня назад

    Ay

  • @ChrstphreCampbell
    @ChrstphreCampbell Месяц назад

    Very nice; until you started talking about “Dark Matter” !

  • @ahmetizmir1081
    @ahmetizmir1081 Месяц назад

    45:10 ıhhhırggghzz
    48:22 ıhırgghhzz

  • @sauron5271
    @sauron5271 Месяц назад

    transformer born from origami ?

  • @romanfatulaev2296
    @romanfatulaev2296 Месяц назад

    Не стоит прогибаться под изменчивый мир, пусть лучше он прогнётся под нас

    • @sueboberki
      @sueboberki Месяц назад

      Добавлю: "не кормите меня виртуальностью, если я меняю реальность!"

  • @user-ib7ee1gl3b
    @user-ib7ee1gl3b 25 дней назад

    Suscripciones de por vida tal cual colegiaturas secundaria primaria ,universidad de área forestal de biosfera unimex Polanco,Instituto politécnico nacional prontuarios Mercantiles,mx.

    • @user-ib7ee1gl3b
      @user-ib7ee1gl3b 25 дней назад +1

      Cuarsiandesitasilicegrafiaterrallublanfeliznavidadcompostaje.

  • @user-zx6lj1qz5p
    @user-zx6lj1qz5p 14 дней назад

    À la deuxième de ce 'nombre onze de 80; à 89 à inverser. Sous vingt-deux à précédents de cinquante trois+,-:'_,

  • @turtlegrams6582
    @turtlegrams6582 Месяц назад

    Ain't no such thing as evolution