Wiring an Office Network
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- Опубликовано: 9 фев 2025
- This 15 min video walks you through the basic step you need to do to install the wiring, the jacks, and the patch panel for a small office Ethernet Network..
It is explained in plain, non-technical language so that any lay-person could grasp the ideas and techniques.
Near the end, testing is also explained. Testing is important so you don't get frustrated when connecting computers. You need to know your cable is tested and that it is not the cause of any problems.
Here's a summary of what happens in this video:
1. explanation of the cable runs from the central location to the data outlet locations.
2. the installation of the wall jacks
3. the termination of the cables to the patch panel
4. wire management and mounting of patch panel
5. Testing of cables for correct numbering and validation of connectivity.
Materials you will need:
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Categorie 5e or 6 UTP (Unshielded twisted pari) cable
RJ-45 modular inserts (aka data jacks)
Wall plates with RJ-45 hole
12, 14, or 48 port patch panel
Network cabinet or 19" wall bracket (for panel)
Caddy-clip drywall mud rings.
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Hi, i work as a network engineer in one service provider company, we use field technicians to support our L1 installations, i never have a chance to experience onsite installations from behind the computer display (supporting only L2 and L3), so i would like to say thank you for this experience and other ones provided in your videos. :)
You're quite welcome. :-)
it's pretty awesome stuff to see a data centre or telco rack being installed. From a bare hunk of metal to cable runs, dressing the rack with various hardware and powering up the equipment. When you go online and hit "Google" I still get that warm fuzzy feeling :-)
+Andrew Carr indeed
wawu das wonderful
Lol I wathed this and thought: did he really just used that hole as a trashcan? Continued watching and laughed when you mentioned it. Nice vid.
+Tom V. Thanks. You know what is so funny Tom, is that one little event is responsible for about half the comments left on this video. I don't think I could have planned something more effective for boosting the popularity. :-)
nice one, Mike Tyson.
Satellite and internet techs do it as well.
@@NetworkAdvisor hey
When people picking on how u threw the wire, but I think your whole video is just awesome!
Thanks Derek. It's ok about the criticism. The internet world is loaded with trolls. I'm so glad so many people are being helped by the information I am providing.
Thanks for commenting! :-)
Great video man.
I am a network engineer and what you are doing now is how I began in IT. Your work is where it all begins and essential to the whole setup.
Brought back memories of having to use the "fish sticks" and going through some weird places in some old buildings in SF just to reach the MPOE
Keep it up brother.
appreciate it sir. Wish I didn't have to still pull cable, but that the life of a contractor.
Thanks for commenting! :-)
I recently started wiring my house house up with cat6. It was made in the 50s and when pulling cables through the attic I noticed it was littered with ancient bits of telephone cables and old mating blocks. And I wasn't upset, it was more interesting than anything.
I guess what I'm trying to say is that in the year 2040 when someone finds some old cat5 twisted pairs in the wall there's a pretty good chance they'll just smile and remember how things used to be while they're putting in fancy new optical-to-the-desk wall plates (that still terminate differently from vendor to vendor because some things never change).
Ah ha ha ha... interesting perspective, Mike. I think that way too. Good luck with your project! 😁
The cover caps are needed no matter if you do the wiring right or not. They are made to keep the dust out of the connections. If you do not it will cause static in your lines then it will cause data loss as to slower speeds. Just like in an old turn dial radio that has not been used for a while. When you turn the volume up and down you get SNAP CRACKLE POP. That is caused by dust between the plates of the volume control. Great video, keep up the great work.
This is a great video. I do tech support over the phone and so it's great to see the physical networking side of things for once. Extremely helpful. Thank you!
Thanks for the feedback Garrison. 👍😊
Just do not apply any simple mistake you have seen and appreciate the knowledge the Vlogger has shared to us. Thanks Network Advisor!
I understand 100% why you toss the rubbish in the wall, but it hurts my OCD ;)
thankyou for the video, that service loop is a very good idea that I will use :)
Thank you Sir ! This was really useful and helpful to see as an actual thing. Take care .
Thanks for the feedback. Glad that was useful for you. 👍😊
This was very helpful. I'm a student and have a big project on how a company lan is actually done so I found this very helpful.
That’s great. Good luck! 😊
😅I enjoyed watching this video from start to end. Very informative . Especially the part where I learnt to throw the little pieces of wire inside the dry wall instead of the trash can 😅
Hi Vincent. Thanks for watching! 😃
Hey man I noticed something with your service loop. I was at an office one day with severe water damage from a construction site one floor above. Basically the floor above was completely flooded over night due to a main water pipe that broke unnoticed. So lots of water came down to that office from the sealing and their network infrastructure was destroyed. Water was slowly running along those Cat cables directly into the patch panels at the top of their racks and then dripped on all the switches, servers, telephone system and their router below. Having a service loop like that probably would have saved some of those devices. So this is a pretty cool idea for several reasons 👍
Oh great point. That’s definitely something I worry about with Outside plant cable as they traverse from outdoors to inside. I have to say that in many years of installing infrastructure, I’ve only run into water events twice. And in both cases, they only affected one outlet. Thanks for pointing that out! 😊
@@NetworkAdvisor Indeed it is rare. But when it happens, its bad haha
Nice video, was relaxing to watch. Those keystone jacks seem very well made. I was like everyone and spotted you dumping the cut offs inside the wall. End of the day no one is going to see it, and it's expected of all workmen ha.
Personally I'd just carry a small bag with me and dump them in there. You never know when someone seeing you be that little bit more professional could help, but end of the day it's not a game changing issue, it's more of a personal thing.
I love the keystone jacks and if you have the money to do Belden installations you'll love them even more, about 1/2 the time to install and punch down, and they have a handy dandy automatic crimping tool for the pros.
Respectful man, I truly appreciate you sharing this information.
I laughed when you threw the cut cable into the wall, clearly you've been doing this for a while, so props to you. I've encountered so many situations where there is no service loop, ever try punching down on a 48 port patch with no wiggle room to pull the patch out? Pain in the ass! Hopefully people watch this and pick up good habits
Oh man, Chris. Have I ever been there with you. Obviously, you get it. And you're trying to make changes in a data cabinet with no slack you're like "OK, what was the guy who put this in thinking?"
Really appreciated the feedback and comments!
I suppose the simplest solution in a situation like that would be to test the cable, cut it back, and patch it into a keystone jack. It will introduce another point of error and be a bit messy, but a lot faster than running a new cable (depending on distance of course). Although, it would have been far easier for the installer to leave a few feet of service cable.
Possibly the same guy who put the trash in his pocket. Clean floor but poor installation :-)
Very informative. Thank you very much, I am an aspiring network engineer and your videos help me a lot 🤝
You are tops! I am teaching myself to punch down a patch panel I purchased along with a roll of cable and cable making kit. I'm sure I will get there with your help. Rock on NA!!!
Very useful. Many thanks. Do a lot of configuration but never actually made the cable runs. Now I want to expand the network in my home and plan to do it myself this time.
Good deal Dominic. I don't think I mentioned it, but a good place to buy reliable materials (jacks, cable, patch panel) is monoprice dot com. I don't have any incentive to recommend them. Just saying.
Good luck! :-D
I really appreciate this video. I'll probably watch it multiple times
very well explained with a practical example. Thank you!
Lol most of those comments are about dumping useless stuff into that hole while probably no one will never ever care about. So im gonna comment about the knowledge he shared for free - thank you sir! Thats a nice piece of advice for people with releated questions. Again, thank you!
Nice video. altough i already know most of the information, staying a bit up to date with what other people do is always nice. Youre one of the few videos i actuallywatch from start to end
+7249xxl well, that's quite a compliment. Thanks you! :-)
Network Advisor dont mention it. Youre not shitting about yiu just do your work and explain why you do it the way you do. Thats natural teaching
Really glad I came across this video. Very well explained and easy to understand..
thanks for the feedback. Just glad I can help people out.
OMG...I cannot BELIEVE some of these comments! Ranging from where he throws the cable shavings (which is more common than people think) to where he installs the cabinet...HE DID AN ABSOLUTELY PROFESSIONAL JOB!!!
+Garden of Grey well, I’ll take the appreciation where I can get it!!
Thank you very much. :-)
I like how you tossed the trash into the outlet! :P
Spoke too soon lol. I agree with you, too. :D
thank you! there's a big difference between what you learn (lab, apprenticeship, tech school) versus what you do in the field when you've been doing this for ages.
That is what the hole in the wall is made for lol I do that same thing 90% of the time.
Isn't that how you do insulation?
I thought it was spare parts?
Same difference.
I rarely leave comments unless I'm trolling, but thank you for making this video and this entire channel. I am a very new IT field technician and your content helps me to grow and understand. Subscribed because you rock!
Great, glad I could help. If you're an up and coming IT pro, you might like my other channel too - DIY Telecom ruclips.net/user/DIYTelecom
Good luck! :-D
SampleTextLensFlare plz don't listen or follow anything this hack is showing he doesn't know what he's doing.
Robo, this simplest way to get into this business is call a small, local Telecom or Network installation business and as them if they need help pulling cable. Once you start there, if you show some initiative, you can go pretty far without ever setting foot in a classroom. Most of what we learn is "on the job training". Good luck. :)
absolutely true, if you show abilities to learn this way the work will follow.
You are genius, man. I like the way you show how it is done. Thumbs up!
+Huanyu Liu wonderful, thank you for the compliment. My pleasure to help!
Very informative video, but i must comment on the trash in the wall. As a Commercial General Contractor, that has always been a pet peeve with me, especially when i have opened up walls and found pee bottles among many other things. But that is just my rant..carry on, really appreciate the knowledge you share.
Awesome video...easy to understand...no fluff...nicely done!
Totally awesome. The book does not teach this. THANK YOU!
Thanks Gia. Glad I could provide an extra perspective. 😊
i viewed lots o f videos but yours is very detailed VERY VERY detailed..Thanks! learned a lot !!
I like ur video of wiring network. really its helpful for beginner...
that's great to hear. Glad I could help. :-)
First of thanks to reply
Actually I m new in this professional
So I need help how to connect patch panel,WLC n LIU
If you're a new IT / Network / IT professional, you might like my other youtube channel
ruclips.net/user/diytelecom
Thanks 😊, So much.
I hope you Successfully always, InshAllah.
Thank you Sarmad. 😊
Excellent video. Get yourself a 'Cyclops' cable stripper - really cool bit of kit that I use every day. 🙂
Hmmm. Have to check it out. Thanks for the heads up. 🤔
Nice vid, appropriate pace and helpful shooting technique. I guess a GoPro has been used! Thanks a lot.
THANKS man, this is helpful
Great video sir! Thanks for sharing. People making negative comments about you tossing a few wires in the wall.......come on folks. Really?
Thanks Aaron! It's ok, the downers are always out there. I'd be willing to be donuts though that many of those posting negative things are not independent telecom contractors. If they realized how tough it was to make a buck out there as an independent, then they would appreciate why every shortcut you can take is vital. Best of luck to you. Thanks for commenting! :-D
I love your video! Great Job!
Thank you Michael. 😊
Very Knowledgable and helpful..!!!
Good Job Sir, thanks for uploading. Really helped a lot.
I toss it in the wall to, doing over 200+ and picking/sweeping up after your done is a lot more work. Nice and neat 👍👍
ahhh.... someone who gets it. Thanks for chiming-in. And, thanks for watching! :)
Good stuff bro am learning all of this stuff.
Wonderful. Thanks for chiming in. 😄
God bless you my friend! Amazing video! I do feel sorry for your arm having to hold the camera and doing this single handed!
+Ainul Ahmed thank you. Actually, the camera was mounted on my head for most of that video. :-)
he real professional no time to waste and if you guys dont know theres already trash in there that makes no difference
thanks Jose. Anyone who does this work as much as I do gets it. Every industry has dirty little secrets that the consumers would be appalled if they knew about.
thanks for commenting 😄
Great Video with lot of information within perfect amount of time.
Thanks Raj. Yep, I know when I go looking for information, I want quick & easy. Don't bore me with a lot of background information. :)
Awesome video sir!
hey thanks Rommel. Glad I could help. :-)
Nice video and some good info, I have had problems mounting equipment in racks that the drop cables "service loop" is in the way. A better alternative is to keep the loop at the very top of the cage and utilize the space behind the patch panel and not to tie it to the back rails.
Thanks 😊❤️😘 for making a helpful video.
Thank you for letting me know you found it helpful 😃
great vid, explained well. thanks
+NikoPrimitif thanks for the feedback.
There's usually all kinds of stuff up there, like sprinkler lines and other plumbing, duct work, conduit with power wires, etc. Even really shallow ceiling tiles usually have more than just insulation (the enemy of all who work in ceilings or crawl spaces ...well that and sharp duct work).
true but this was a small primer video not a 1 days class on how to run cable
That has nothing to do with what I pointed out. He literally said, "there is nothing up there. If you've ever put your head up there, it's _usually_ just empty space". I pointed out that it's usually _not_ empty space. So by your idiotic assumption that I wanted an entire course in one video is stupid! I'm just the guy pointing out what should be obvious and your the idiot with no logic so you have use reductio ad absurdum.
I did actually agree with you...not sure why you had to be so offensive? Secondly Mr Cable guy here was explaining the difference between a dropped ceiling in an office environment and say your home which is drywall, vapor barrier, batt or blow-in insulation and possibly a crawlspace. He did actually say there is stuff up there, but generally it's easy access to run the cable. Plus the last job I did aside from some 4" ductwork for the vent and a fluorescent light in the middle of the room, the whole dropped ceiling space was clear, therefore I beg to differ and every jobsite is different depending on the construction.
Lastly if your going to spout latin at someone be wary of the "straw man argument"
I have a question for commercial buildings. For commercial places like Walmart or Home Depot they they run the cable in the ceiling without any conduit. Can I do the same for a church that has the open ceiling like home depot?
You can. I think it’s a matter of aesthetics. As far as I know, there’s no law against it, just for cya, I would bend the ear of a local electrician in your area just to be sure there’s no weird codes against such s thing.
@@NetworkAdvisor thank you
The caps on the patch panels are so the next guy doesn't short out pairs. And I'm glad I wasn't the only one in awe of throwing trash into the customer's walls.
the funny thing is, I don't usually do that. But this place had no trash cans. The best part of all is that simple act combined with the commented reactions have greatly contributed to the high ranking of this video!! :-D
And, thanks for your comments.
Network Advisor It's all good everyone has been guilty of something like that. I always use a box from the equipment I install on site as a trash. Then the customer doesn't have to clean after me.
But I like that people are taking the time to show new guys different types of set ups around the world. I've thought about it but I'm no good at that type of stuff.
I appreciate it Logan. I make these videos to help out the DIY'ers and aspiring Telecom/Network wanabees. I know for myself I get tremendous value from YT videos and other Internet postings on topics that I have no clue about. That has saved me mucho money and time.
So, this is my way of doing my part for anyone who want to know about Telecom/IT/Networking.
Thanks for writing back. :-)
Great and very detailed video !
+Denesha Miles thanks for the feedback! :-)
Same thing I do in my voice data class!! Great video
wow, that's quite a compliment. Thanks! :-D
Awesome! Love it. Thank you.
Appreciate the feedback, Stephen. 😊
It was just getting interesting when the video finished. I wished you had recorded the whole remaining process of this installation.
+Naziru Adam hi Naziru. Glad you liked it. It's always a balancing act with youtube videos. "Shorter is better". Longer videos tend not tonget watched. Or, if they do, they aren't finished.
The goal of this video was just to give a quick-and-rough idea of the steps needed to install the wiring infrastructure. Is there something in particular you think I left out?
Sure you are right about the video length. I was just kind of wondering if it would include installing the server, switch and other stuff like that...anyway, the video was quite informative and straight forward.
Naziru Adam OK.. maybe I'll make a part two that covers the network setup basic like routers, switches and file servers. :-)
I did this stuff day in and day out like you do. I always kept a clean work space. If one day if the GC catches you doing this shit, then he will probably let you know how disrespectful it is.
Thanks for the explanation and paying attention to explaining the details, I'm fan of networking and wiring and all but bit skittish when it comes to terminating cables.
+Zeze Andjr we've all been there at one time. Your first few terminations will be crappy. Just accept it.
😀
Why use conventional patch panel vs what I would consider more modern keystone patch panel? Also gotta smile at all the people who give you gruff for throwing away a tiny piece of filament into a perfectly cut rectangular trash slot. Great video.
so DJ. I actually agree with you 100%. Those keystone, modular patch panels are the bomb. However, when I made this video, this was a contract installation, so I didn't have a choice over the parts that had to be used. They were supplied to me.
Thanks for pointing that out. :)
Good video👍
Very nice sir!
thank you Bikash. Glad you found it helpful. :)
Thank you so much for this video. One question: what was the white cable coming out of the wall?
That white cable was also a Category 5e (network grade) cable. Because this location wanted an analog voice port at each jack location, I used white as a visual indicator for the voice cables.
@@NetworkAdvisor I thought so! Thanks so much for replying and thanks for all these videos!!!!! You’re amazing. 🙂
Great easy video thanks
Cool, I'm in IT but I've never been exposed to this side of networking before this video.
I pmuch feel like this work is essentially done via contract work for the vast majority of business? For obvious reasons, but it was interesting to watch.
Subbed and shared and looking forward to more!
Thank you Prot. Yes, most companies out source the cabling infrastructure. It can be dirty, sweaty work. If I was a senior IT staffer, I wouldn’t want to do it. And, this video is exactly what you said - I was sub-contracted for this job. For a nationwide medical franchise. 😁
I also like how you dispose of the garbage.
Very well done
Thank you sir from Ogadenia
tank you teacher ,really i need you ,thanks a lot of your tutorial
Glad I could help. Thanks for the feedback.
I love this video! It was very well put together. Thanks for sharing! Subscribed.....
+LV Cable Technologies - Aaron Davis thanks Aaron. Appreciate the feedback. If you have a channel, tell us about it here.
Network Advisor Sure. It was just created a few days ago and I only have one video so far.......looking forward to posting many more soon.
I do cabling in many cities of Los Angeles County. I haven't gotten into installs yet. I pretty much terminate and do cable management as a subcontractor.
My channel is titled the same as my name:
LV Cable Technologies.
Thanks for asking!
good to have those patch panels having indicators to check T568 A and B
in the case they dont have what would you do
I used to have to make trips to the trash can or bring one with me. Now I just have a little container attached to the back of my belt that I dispose of this stuff in. No putting the stuff in the wall is just a personal thing but I don't hold it against anyone for doing that, no harm no foul. Also learned a slight tweak in the video that'll speed up my work a little.
Great idea. I'll have to consider that!
Funny thing about this. At the time I was making this video, I had absolutely NO IDEA it would be this popular. Had I known, I might have approached the production quite differently. 95% of the time I dispose of my cable trash in the appropriate place. It just so happened this location was brand new and had NO trash cans anywhere.
Ironically, the "trash-in-wall" episode has actually been responsible for about 30% of the comments on this video. So, maybe it was a good thing. ;-)
Thanks for commenting!
Thanks for the video. Very useful.
I think you got a great video and it's very informative except for the trash in the wall deal. I don't mean to be a troll, but I am going to call you out on it. As an electrical mechanic, I always carried the box that my Outlets or devices came in with me that way I can put the trash in the box and dispose of it when I was done rather than just littering it into the wall whether anyone was going to see it or not. Work should always be done clean and you mentioned that an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Good Tradesmen always clean up after themselves!
Calling you out on disposing trash into the wall is not trolling. But otherwise, thank you for these very helpful videos.
Thanks for the call-out. :-)
Excellent video ..and really really helpful, thanks !!! your install looks very professional
"to all you trolls calling me out on throwing trash in the wall"
My dad taught me "have pride in the work you do". Did you skip that lesson in life?
That laziness and attitude stereotypes all us tech guys and is the reason why I won't sub out wiring to "help" somebody because you talked about saving time, well you don't save no time being lazy not carrying a small plastic bag with you to toss in the trash can rather than walking back and forth, as you claim, to the trash can.
I mean you're doing this for a CUSTOMER. I can see cutting corners and being lazy for non-paid friend/family work. I finished a wiring job earlier this week and the guy helping me saw the ceiling tile mess then found the vacuum at the business, turned it on and cleaned that up even though the customer told us not to worry about it. That extra 5 minutes made us look less lazy than you.
Call me a troll in response which I have no problem you calling me that but I'd rather be called a troll for calling you out than a customer calling me lazy.
thank you for the very thorough and thoughtful comment. And, thanks for watching! :-)
Lol, you do know that those wires will probably never be seen until they break down the walls again, which could be YEARS from when he threw the wires in there... The tiny 1-2 inch pieces of wire is the least of anyone's worries.
@@UrAdversary do you run a red light if no one is there? Typically no because people have integrity. Same principle applies, no one will ever see the rubbish thrown into the wall, except you. It just feels more professional and would make me feel prideful of my work if I clean up my own mess, regardless if others will ever know or care
@@TheEphemeris actually I do run red lights when no one is around, lol. And that's another good example for me, who is it affecting? No one. It doesn't hurt anyone so I'll continue to do it
@@TheEphemeris Run a red light when no one is there? Absolutely. What, do you just sit there by yourself like a goon?
can i reuse an old patch panel?
Yes, you can refuse a previously used patch panel. 👍
Thank you for a great explanation.
It all makes sense now :D
WHen you see it all kinda laid out from start to finish, it helps you get that's its not so mysterious, right? :-)
@@NetworkAdvisor @ yes that is so true. :)
Very professional (even explained your mistakes - it happens!) and I'd hire you any day. great primer video and cheered me up reading the trolls comments.....love to take one of those clowns with me on a jobsite. Try re-terminating 300+ circuits in a large building after redressing the 40 feet of excess slack in the ceiling tray, re-label both ends and continuity test. Then you can bitch about the correct procedure to get rid of waste. I've had professional contractors leave more mess in a finished area than the construction crew did during renovations...
+Andrew Carr sounds like you’re a veteran of the industry Andrew. I appreciate feed back from a qualified source!
In a perfect world where the master contractors paid a more respectable amount for the jobs, then I bet everyone would happily go the extra effort. But the cold reality is that the reason we enjoy the affordable material wealth in this country is because corporate business is constantly cutting corners and looking for the cheaper alternative.
Thanks for commenting! :-)
i recently underbid on a job, lost money but still did it to the same standard. It's all about reputation.
thank you so much.this tutorial is very helpful
@NetworkAdvisor , Awesome video!!! Thank you. Question... do you know why the T568B wiring pattern displayed on the patch panel you used (BR,WBR,G,WG,O,WO,B,WB) doesn't actually match up (in order from left to right) with the T568B wiring pattern used in general for the connectors? (WO,O,WG,B,WB,G,WBR,BR) Is this common with all patch panels? To be different? I mean, If it's T568B, why would they not just follow the same left to right color wiring pattern order... as we've learned it in general? Just curious... as I'm trying to learn.
Right. Funny, I never realized how that might be confusing to someone not familiar.
So with patch panels you almost always punch down pairs in color order (blue, orange, green, brown). What you don't see is that the 568B mapping is happening between the punch and the gold pins in the front. It's not a one-for-one mapping front to back. Hope that makes sense? 😄
Awesome video thanks
Glad I’m not the only one throwing cable trash behind the walls 😂
If you do this often enough, the you get it. Sounds like you do. :-)
@@NetworkAdvisor Trust me I understand 👍🏼
Excellent work
Dude you make great videos. I am currently taking my Cisco 1 course and a unix linux certification course and this gives me a good idea of what I will be doing in the work force
good for you. CCNA is a great way to get your foot in the door with IT/Telecom/Network companies. I hear people say Cisco is old and tired. But, regardless, IOS command line is still the gold standard!
Good luck! :-)
i have a 2u hinge bracket in my network cabinet. a keystone 24 port patch panel. and a shelf to hold my router, modem and 18 port switch
Excellent stuff. Thanks for sharing 😄
This helped lots thanks dude
C'est une vidéo très instructive. J'aime/ I like this video. thats verry good
very informative and simplified
Appreciate it!
excellent tutorial. thank you
Great, thanks for the feedback. :-)
Wow very educative..
Thanks for watching Jonathan. Glad to help. :-)
I got some nice tips from your video, thank you!
brings hella memories back
For the people who say, don't use the wall as a trashbin, I ask them to remove the tiling in their house and see how much trash was left behind from either plumbers or electricity installers, especially if you do not have a basement / crawl space where everything passes through lol.
But it's funny that you mentioned the wall trash :)
That's how you address the trolls! Good one. And thanks for an informative video.
Great video, really enjoy 👍
Great video!!!
thank you. I hope the video will empower lots of self-starters on installing their own network wiring. It's not that mysterious once you see how it all goes together. Thank for the comment!
Thank you for uploading this video 👍🏽
excellent video. I personally omit that patch-panel part whenever possible, it reduces one point of failure. I rather connect cables directly to switches. It really helped me a lot to find problems in network.