What is Umbilical Hernia in Hindi, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Incisional Hernia Ventral Hernia

What is Umbilical Hernia, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, in Hindi | Incisional Hernia Ventral Hernia
STAR Hospital - Region's 1st Internationally Certified Super-Specialist Centre for Bariatric Surgery | Advanced Laparoscopic Surgery
Dr. Jasmeet Singh Ahluwalia
(MS, FNB-MAS, FBMS)
Super-Specialist Bariatric, Metabolic & Advanced Laparoscopic Surgeon
Star Hospital
265, Lajpat Nagar, Guru Nanak Mission Chowk,
Jalandhar, Punjab, 144001
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All kind of hernia can now be treated using laparoscopy:
Inguinal Hernias
Ventral Hernia
Incisional Hernia
Umbilical Hernia
Diaphragmatic Hernias
Hiatus Hernia etc.
Advantages of Laparoscopic Hernia Repair over open surgery:
Smaller cut - more cosmetic
Bigger mesh can be inserted - so may have less chances of recurrence.
Requires just three small holes for even both side groin hernias.
Covers all kinds of holes for groin hernias as opposed to open surgery.
Quicker recovery.
Earlier return to work.
INGUINAL HERNIA
In this part of intestine, fat etc. protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles in inguinal region (near junction of belly and thigh). It may disappear or reduce in size on lying down (as during sleep) and reappear on doing work (especially after coughing or lifting heavy weight).
There is no cure for hernia without surgery.
Symptoms
Swelling in groin area which becomes more obvious in standing position, especially on coughing
A burning or aching sensation at the bulge
Dragging sensation in abdomen
Inguinal hernias can be seen in new-borns and children. Testicles develop in abdomen and later descend into scrotum which leads to weakness in this area. Sometimes hernia is visible only when child is crying, coughing or straining.
Cause is not always apparent but may include:
Prolonged cough
Prolonged constipation
Urinary difficulty
Strenuous activity
Pregnancy
Old age leading to muscle weakness
Complications
Incarcerated hernia - If the contents of the hernia become trapped, it can cause obstruction of the bowel, leading to severe pain, nausea, vomiting, etc. It may cause inability to pass flatus.
In extreme cases, blood flow to part of intestine gets cut off leading to death of that area. Intestine may get a hole here leading to spread of dirty fluid all inside abdomen. This is a life-threatening condition and requires immediate surgery.
Treatment
A very small hernia that is not causing any trouble may be left untreated but under watchful eyes.
Enlarging or painful hernias usually require surgery to relieve discomfort and prevent serious complications.
Ventral Hernias - Umbilical Hernia, Epigastric hernia, incisional hernia
Umbilical hernia
Our umbilical cord passes through umbilicus before birth and this leaves a potentially weak area here. These are most common in infants, but they can be seen in adults as well.
Children’s umbilical hernias often close on their own in the first two years of life. Umbilical hernias in adults are more likely to need surgery.
Incisional Hernia
This occurs from the weakness caused by cut of previous surgery. It is much more common after open surgery as compared to laparoscopic surgery.
Epigastric hernia - It is seen above the level of umbilicus
Suprapubic hernia - This is seen below the level of umbilicus
Symptoms
A bulge at navel which becomes worse when baby cries is the most common symptom in kids.
In adults, one may feel a hollow at umbilicus or at other places on abdomen (excluding groin which is called inguinal hernia). A bulge may be seen or felt there that becomes worse on coughing.
Complications
When the bulging abdominal tissue (intestine or fat) becomes trapped in the hernia hole, it can reduce the blood supply to the section of trapped intestine or fat and can lead to pain. Infection may spread throughout the abdomen leading to a life-threatening situation.
Treatment
Most umbilical hernias in babies close on their own by age 1 or 2.
Children may require surgery if hernias:
Are painful
Are slightly larger than 1 to 2 centimeters in diameter
Are large and don’t decrease in size over the first two years of life
Don’t disappear by the age of four years
Become trapped or block the intestine
For adults, surgery is typically recommended soon after diagnosis to avoid possible complications. If hernia becomes painful or shows other signs of complications, then immediate surgery is recommended.
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