Timeline of Gaza | 3500 BCE to October 7th, 2023
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- Опубликовано: 27 июн 2024
- Go to ground.news/charts to get all sides of every story on what’s happening in Gaza, Palestine and around the world. Subscribe through my link to save 40% off unlimited access.
Origins of the Twelve Tribes of Israel:
• Historical Origin of t...
History of Islamic Gaza:
• The History of Islamic...
Charts & Narration by Matt Baker
Animation by Syawish Rehman
Audio editing by Ali Shahwaiz
Intro music: "Lord of the Land" by Kevin MacLeod and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution license 4.0. Available from incompetech.com
Go to ground.news/charts to get all sides of every story on what’s happening in Gaza, Palestine and around the world. Subscribe through my link to save 40% off unlimited access.
Hello UsefulCharts, im new to your channel and i really enjoy your videos. Im really looking for a video where it shows the changes of our calenders. For i know the Jewish calender is different to the Julian calender as well as the Gregorian calender. Do you have a video on how the world ended up adapting to the gregorian calender? Or what calenders they were using in the past?
your implementation of terms is wrong. Bronze Age Canaanite are the same iron age Canaanites./ Israel is a term called exclusively for people of a certain religion. which mean the one who struggle with god. Israel is a religious name not a geographic name. jews came from Mesopotamia not from the native Canaan land, Hebrew . were nomadic groups living in the desert of Mesopotamia. their name mean the crossers of rivers, because they used to marauding on trade routs and villages similar to the guti or vandals. Amrits,Mobait,Adomits,Ammonites,Phoenicians are all Canaanites. why you didn't mentioned them? and with your logic are the philistines iron age Canaanites? Israelites literature is extremely influenced by Mesopotamian religion and Egypt more then the Canaanite religion which they despised. there is no such thing as iron age Canaanites called Israelites. this is misleading.
Israeli operation in Gaza is not wrong/illegal.
No one called the Allied forces genocidal when they bombed/starved Berlin.
Unless it only applies when the victims are non-whites. Is that it?
Read a book,
More specifically, the rules of war as agreed and legally defined in UN
Hospitals/Cultural/Historical places/Schools/places of worship. All lose their legal protection if they put weapons/ammunitions/hostages inside those places.
Blame the Nakba on the Arab League who chose war instead of a citizen/land swap.
Blame the Destruction of Gaza on those who put missiles/hostages under their children's bed just to score sympathy points.
@@NicitoStaAna WTF! Israel has no right to defend itself from the people it occupies
I am sorry, but that is full of inaccuracies. Like the fact the British didn't sell any land to Jews, but were Arab land owners. Or the fact that the withdrawal from Gaza is not related to the 2nd Intifada, which was almost exclusively in the WB and was decided by the Israelis in 2002. Way before any violence in Gaza.
"What Nazi Germany did in World War II was wrong, but the British response was also wrong." That's how ridiculous it sounds.
It's... True? Like the way that you worded it is even one of the most flattering ones to use
Just look up the bombings of Munich or what the soviets did when they made it to Berlin, the first think to realize in a war is that no one is in the right, maybe arguably the first stages of self defense but when it gets going righteousness is out the window
What a normal and non combative comment section
Because this guy deletes comments. He deleted mine several times.
I haven't deleted any comments. However, RUclips automatically deletes some before I even get the chance to see them.
@@alexandarthedivine that's probably yt's doing
@@alexandarthedivineconsidering your public subscriptions, yeah thank god for that
@@UsefulCharts Well okay sorry for assuming then, but let me just say if here.
You say that what Hamas did on October 7th is wrong and what Israel is doing right now is also wrong. However you miss the point that Israel is doing unprecedented things to minimise civilian casualties here. Israel dropps leaflets, texts and calls people, uses drones with loudspeakers used by people who speak fluent Arabic to get people out of harms way, while Hamas is doing everything TO KEEP civilians in harms way. Israel allows humanitarian aid to come in and uses high precision rockets to target specific targets. Another fact is that Israel successfully evacuated more than 1 million people from Rafah and established field hospitals and places where these people can temporarily live. To say that Hamas and Israel are equally bad here is not only wrong, it's outrageous. You say you support the protests, but what these mobs are shouting is nothing but death to Israel, death to America. Israels fight is against the Hamas, not the Palestinians. In 2005 Israel withdrew from Gaza in persuit of peace. What did happen then? They elected a government that persues the complete Annihalation of Israel. Israel has a long history of compromising, and as someone with Jewish ancestory as well and has relatives in Israel, I understand this struggle. There clearly can't be peace with terrorists operating in the Gazastrip or the westbank. What they say about themselves is very clear. Hisbollah, Huthies, Hamas, Public Front, Lions Den, Fatah, PLO, PIJ, and all these terror brigades are all terror proxies of Iran that aim to annihalate the state of Israel. And it makes me sad and angry when I see that when Israel is fighting this just war, people really think they can held Israel accountable to not living up to the perfect standard of NO civilian casualties at all. A standard no country in history ever lived up to, and yet it is expected from Israel, while it's also the only country NOT allowed to win a war. Israel doesn't deliberately kill people, this is the crystal clear difference between them and Hamas. But civilian casualties are a sad cost of war - a war, that Israel never first started. Out of the around 30 k people around 14k were combatants. The numbers changed a bit, but not changing the fact that the ratio of killed people is almost 1:1, which is even more impressive in a war like this where Hamas hides beneath civilian infrastructure and tunnels that are embedded in it. The numbers of the Hamas controlled ministry of health keeps lineary growing, which is very questionable and weird because it never occurs in war. As stand 100% with Israel because history has shown that leaving terrorists be that use all fundings from the world to buy weapons to aim at annihalating a neighbour state is a mistake. Doing nothing and standing still while you are getting targeted by suicide attackers, is a mistake. This has to stop, and it has to stop now.
As an Arab, i found this video very enjoyable and i salute you for not picking sides and just stating facts as they are. Thank you and keep making great content ❤
As a Jew, same!
@@_oaktree_shalom! I'm with you guys. There is historical information neither of the sides shouldn't deny!
@@sunnysuzannait doesn't really matter what you call it, killing people is just that, and many or even most of the deaths are innocents. Genocide or not, that's a horror.
@@samos343guiltyspark
How convenient that the "Gazan health ministry" which is the Hamas government, doesn't say how many of their own died. Its almost always women and children even though there is so much footage of "kids" actively used in the conflict.
If you civilians out of harms way, don't fight from within them dressed as civilians.
@@W4HB
You're a liar.
what have the mongols Not invaded at this point?
Italy
🇬🇧
Bermuda
The Moon
...not yet at least
@@4sythdude549 It's only a matter of time
16:55 Minor mistake. The year wasn't 135 BCE but rather 135 CE, during the reign of Emperor Hadrian, that the third Jewish revolt was put down and the province renamed as Syria Palestinia.
Matt, thank you so much for this video.
As a person living in the middle east and inside this conflict, I've been staying away from online content pertaining to it. I'm just sick and tired of people throwing out their hateful and ignorant opinions so carelessly, while living out their comfortable lives millions of mile away and not really understanding what it might be like to be born into this reality. The only thing worse is the hateful and biased of some people who were born into it, and are poisoned by generations of mutual distrust and national animosity.
When I saw your video I was very hesitant at first. But you've never let me down before, and you handled masterfully other controversial subjects in the past. I've been waiting for someone willing to just explain the dry facts of this millennia long story, address some of its complexities, and do it in a way that left me unsure of your personal political view (at least until the end, where you presented it with your disclaimer).
I could talk about where I agree and disagree with you, but I find it more important to appreciate your honest attempt at looking at both sides and their narratives, and recognizing the pain each one goes through.
And to finish with my own prayer - may the extremists on both sides that led us to this mess get to feel all the pain they bring down on us.
Praying that our and yours are safe.
You are smart for avoiding online propaganda. There is such a huge political disinformation campaign and they have NO qualms with completely misrepresenting history and emotionally manipulating the public.
The world needs far more people like you who simply refuse to engage with that stuff. We are all vulnerable to it, but some of us have a sense for when something is just not right.
I always tell my students, "if you're having a strong emotional reaction to the media, its not necessarily because you're learning the truth. Only trust the views you form based on doubt and debating yourself - no matter how uncomfortable those doubts make you. Strong convictions are often a weakness, not a strength."
Here is my read on it from a recent update in my research. Jews were expelled from England in 1290 until 1656. Christian Protestants were more kindly disposed to them, and among Christian philosophies was a seed that grew slowly into Zionism with an idea that Jews were key to the end times and that getting European Jews back to Jerusalem would encourage an end time where most Jews would go to hell and the remainder would pray to Jesus. Orthodox Jews were originally against the idea. For example, at the turn of the 20th century, there were approximately 350,000 Jews living in Britain. The number of Zionists among them was around 8,000. Many Christians were involved in proselytizing Zionism. By the time Balfour wrote his famous declaration there was already a healthy Christian Zionism movement for over a century and Jewish Zionism was not a popular notion until after the First ZIonist Congress in Basel in 1880. In fact, though scheduled originally to be held in Munich, it was due to criticism of Orthodox and Reformed Jews that it wasn't held there.
In short, Zionism doesn't go back thousands of years, any more than the nationalism it is based upon does.
This might be the most balanced and accurate history of Israel and Palestine I've seen on social media
It's riddled with errors
@@angelao1133Which errors ?
@@PascalH9191 don't respond to the aipac bot.. their job is to poison the well
@angelao1133 If you'd like to back that up, I'm sure we're all listening. Whatcha got? No really, tell us.
@@angelao1133?
Matt, you forgot that 2005, all Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip and four Israeli settlements in the West Bank were unilaterally dismantled. Israeli settlers and army evacuated from inside the Gaza Strip, redeploying its military along the border.
He didnt mention a lot of important things..
So many misinformation, and information leaving out the most important details are spread on the internet.
And then when it fits their narrative, people thank for the 'unbiased info.
@@Firefly763did you even finish the video? You’re more biased than him.
@@JayHoffmann842 The problem with his videos is that he wants to provide a synthesized narrative, like a university 101. The problem with higher level analysis is that often there just are lines of evidence and little ultimate agreement on anything unified. This is where the bias comes in
@jeupater1429 exactly.
Refering to Israel independence war as "a war broke" is a misleading claim. The arabs rejected peace and state, and want to eliminate the jews. A war didnt just started from nowhere.
The Israeli settlements in the West Bank were not dismantled💀 they’re only doubled in size and population
much appreciated, very good video. reminds me of the quote "if we don't learn from history we are doomed to repeat it"
I guess it depends on if your history is the truth or just embarrassing nonsense
In this survey timeline, is there any indication of what not to repeat, huh?
"...and if we do learn from history we are doomed to stand helpless as everyone else repeats it."
Nothing about this is history, this is a Qatari propaganda video
The history we are repeating currently is the barbarism of 19th century colonialism.
Where is 2005 on your timeline? Is Gaza ruled by Hamas after that? Almost 20 years of rule, why isn't poverty improved as good and fast as underground tunnels?
Total military blockade by Israeli occupation forces
33:23 - Second Intifada
I just want to point out. Jews have always lived in that region (Israel/Palestine). Not all of them left. Not all of them converted to Islam. They were oppressed people which is why a lot converted in the first place. Its not the case that the Jewish diaspora just started buying land there among the arabs out of nowhere
I'd be interested in a similar video for Armenia.
Yes! I'm pretty sure a lot of people would be surprised to learn that in the last 420 years about 270 years the Azerbaijani population was the ethnic majority in what now is known as Armenia.
@@bneymanovHistory of Armenia would be like mostly Urartians in the ancient ages, Romans in the first millennium CE with a bit of Arab Caliphates, and Turkic dynasties in the 2nd millennium CE with a tiny amount of Mongol rule
@@nenenindonuarmenians has nothing to do with urartians. Their redorded history started with 5th century AD writings which in itself is borrowed from ephiopians…
@@gurbanabbasov Yes Urartians indeed have nothing to with Armenians just how Romans & Turks don't, I just mentioned them as a former ruling entity of what is now Armenia
Your charts are informative
Perhaps the least controversial video there is.
His use of the historical method should quell some of that "controversy". However the more contemporary claims in the video, and the solutions he advocates for are kind of problematic, as addressed below with timestamps:
30:14 "...the (Ashkenazi) Jewish newcomers were fleeing heavy persecution (in Europe) and *didn't really have anywhere else to go*"
This is a statement which contradicts your earlier point on them (ie. secular/ atheist zionists) selecting multiple places to establish a nation-state. They had many places they could've gone to where the diaspora was living normal lives. They also had the option of settling other lands which were under colonial administration which may genuinely have been "empty", unlike the land they selected which was inhabited by *indigenous* Jew, Christians, Muslims and other religious groups with the same ethnic background (ie. the "mixed bag" you correctly referenced repeatedly).
30:55 *Worst ever genocide* is again, an objectively false statement. It's a popular talking point which is a form of genocide denial (ie. underplaying the many genocides outside of Europe which were quantifiably worse). Holocaust-esque genocides imposed by the colonial powers were the norm for the global majority - the reason it is (wrongly) portrayed as unique is because the Germans exerted that colonial violence *internally* onto Europe, which was deemed unacceptable by inter-colonial competition.
31:05 "Western countries were reluctant to take in Jews, thus the need for Jews to have their own state"
First, the attempts to establish a Jewish state on this land preceded these events by decades via the explicitly *colonial* Zionist movement espoused by Herzl in collusion with the British who sought to use their classic colonial tactic of ethnic division to weaken a land.
Second, Jews were living normal lives everywhere outside of ehite supremacist Europe.
Third, the UN created a plan with borders which mirrored those of apartheid South Africa, with the indigenous inhabitants relegated to disconnected "bantustans" while the colonially imported population were given land on top of the homes of the indigenous. Out of the thousands of ethnicities most do not have a nation-state, as there are under 200 nations. We already established there have been worse genocides across the global majority, so that can't be the answer. Why should Ashkenazi Jews be the exception, especially given their colonial nation-state would be established on inhabited land? The answer is: they shouldn't. The nation state is an inherently backwards idea which inevitably results in fascistic nationalism in an effort to establish (fabricate) a unified "national" identity, as opposed to the "mixed bag" which has existed in the region forever.
31:20 "The two sides went to war" War is an inaccurate descriptor; it was one side resisting a plan created by an outright colonial/imperialist entity (the UN was a tool of imperialism at this point in history; still is to an extent). They were being expelled from homes they inhabited for dozens of generations so the victims of the holocaust (ie. European victims of European colonial violence turned inwards onto Europe) could settle on top of those homes. It was indiegnous resistance to colonialism.
31:38 "In reponse around the same number of Jews were expelled from the neighboring Arab countries". While the rise of nationalism did occur is *some* regions of the Arab world as the colonial powers lost their grip and created deliberately divisive nation-state borders (recall my point on the trajectory the nation-state inevitably leads to under a diverse society), the major cause of the outflow of Mizrahi and Sephardi Jews into the new colonial state of "Israel" was caused by *Zionist extremists* either committing violent acts to stoke further religious division or outright kidnapping their Jewish children to import into "Israel".
This reply should probably be moved to the main level as a Comment. Some important takes/perspectives to consider.
@@af8828ok so you think you are right?
It is controversial.
@@af8828 You should make this a main comment (so more people and Matt can see it) with some citations of sources you based your arguments on, i agree with some of your points but i'm ignorant on others (like the pogroms on Jews post UN partition plan).
22:27 When you got to the Mongols, my mind went directly to the running bit from early Crash Course World History. ^_^
Wait for it… the Mongols!
me too!
this running gag never will get old
Love it 😊
Same 😂
How can you discriminate targets when terrorists embed themselves among civilians to be used as human shields?
As a Malay Muslim from Malaysia I've found this video is less biased if not unbiased at all. Thanks Matt Baker.
As educated rational people, we only care about facts and research, not blind beliefs.
I can confidently say, as a Malay you are no way related to this area or the Arabian dogma. You are just fed this since childhood. Connect to your real Malay roots.
@@exploratorize7703 You don't need to teach me about my roots. You just need to respect Muslims and what their belief as we respect others. It is not about Arabian dogma or any race. It is about Abrahamic Religions and world's geopolitics. So if you are an atheist, that's your life, not mine.
@@faiznaaman define muslim beliefs?
@@exploratorize7703 Based on our 5 pillars of Islam and 6 pillars of faith. You can Google it yourself and read.
@@exploratorize7703 What does him being a malaysian have to do with anything? So you have to be a certain race to talk about political subjects??
For example do i have to be ukranian or russians to talk about that war ?? M cofused
7:37 - The Bronze Age collapse didn't lead to the fall of Egypt. In fact, Egypt was the only major power in the region to survive. It hurt Egypt to be sure, but it continued to exist thereafter.
Both him and you are correct, he said the bronze age collapse lead to the downfall of Egypt which is true as Egypt did survive it but it was so weakened from the events that it continued declining while new emerging powers kept rising in power till Egypt itself was conquered by foreigners like the Libyan and Nubian dynasties (3rd intermediate period and late period in A. Egypt). So yes you are correct that Egypt did not fall in the bronze age collapse, but he is also correct that the collapse was one of the direct causes of Egypt's downfall. Alongside weak rulers who could at best slow the rapid decline of the Egyptian empire, such as all the Ramsisides from Ramses 5 and on.
yes! it is still survive today!
Yeah, but I think the important part, as far as the video is concerned, is that Egypt was so weakened by the Bronze Age Collapse that it shrank back to its core territory on the Nile delta, leaving a power vacuum in Canaan that allowed the rise of Philistia, Israel and Judea. Without the collapse, those states would never have existed and the Levant would probably be part of Egypt to this day.
@@neilturner5211 exactly.
@@neilturner5211 that is incorrect, the sea peoples that attacked Egypt were resettled (by Egypt) into Canaan to become a vassal state. Those sea peoples were called Palaset which later they became known the the Philistens.
Matt, your video is both informational and hopeful. Thank you for treating the subject with the respect it deserves. Never again for anyone, anywhere.
Near the end of the video he mentions that during British occupation of Palestine, the jews were buying land from the British. It is my understanding that the land was purchased directly from the Arab land owners at the time. To be honest I am not very well read on this issue and was wondering if anyone could provide a source or clarification that the land was purchased from "The British" rather than individual Arab land owners. Thanks
It was both.
The arabs sold it secretly because the people on the street didnt liked it.
But not all the land was owned by individuals, therefore sold by britian.
@@DIY-Mechanic got it. thank you
You are correct. Recommended reading, Palestine 1936: The Great Revolt and the Roots of the Middle East Conflict
Before the British occupation, the Jews immigrated to Palestine, and the wealthy Jews bought Palestinian lands from the Jews. But on the Palestinian side, this was normal because the Ottoman Empire was very tolerant of all sects and because there were Jews already living in Palestine, so it seemed natural. But the plan from the beginning was to occupy Palestine, and Britain occupied Palestine to accelerate the process of exodus of European Jews, and thus the occupation that we know now took place.
@@menjoali4164 occupied palestine from who or what?
Amazing how history crystallizes insight. Great video.
As expected from good Samaritan Alan Baker. Clear, Non biased, scientific, and always promoting peace. Thank you. You're the best
So excited to watch this video!!!! Anytime I am asked "who started the fighting there" my only answer is "it depends when you start the story"
It’s true.
@@TracyD2 unfortunately when having to answer the question “who is the aggressor” it’s really going to be whoever is answering that question is going to answer with who they are aligned with. Because there are arguments for both unfortunately.
@@185MDE Both siding a genocide?
@@185MDE would you have both sided a genocide if the Palestinians were westerners?
@@philo9046 please don’t twist my words
I didn't realize how much I needed a video from you about this, but I am so grateful that you have taken the time to make one. Thank you.
It's worth noting that even though it only began in the 1850s, the origin of a unified Palestinian national identity isn't especially recent in the grand scheme of things. The Italian Reunification and Greek war of independence happened at around the same time. Before each of those events the modern concept of an Italian or a Greek didn't exist, despite their extensive ancient history. Pre unification Italians would only identify with their region, as a Venetian, Genoese, or Sicilian etc. Before Greek independence from the Ottoman empire, Greeks identified themselves in censuses as Romans, because of their millennia long association with the Eastern Roman Empire.
This comment should be pinned
Ethnicity in general is a modern idea. Just like Zionism, which is simply ethnicity with extra steps.
Exactly. Nationalism itself didn't begin until the 17th Century at the earliest.
Not true with your concept of Italy. As Italia it existed already in Roman times, although languages evolved differently, but they all were Italian in a way or another. It was just the single noble houses, along with international affairs (French and Austrians in the North, Spanish in the South, with the Pope in the center), that would keep it apart.
Ethno states have existed in all recorded history , Nationalism is nothing new, conquest, colonisation and settlement was the norm .
Wait. I know this is important stuff about things going on but the only thing I really took away from this is that Egypt had colonies outside of it's traditional borders during the pre dynastic period. I didn't know this and it kinda blew my mind a little bit.
The Dynasty numbers were decided before the period before Dynasty 1 was well understood. There is a Dynasty 0. That's who this refers to.
Egypt didn't have "traditional borders" at that time - no country did. What defines colonizing versus settling?
Traditional borders weren't really a thing until the Treaty of Westphalia iirc. Until then, it mattered more which cities owed allegiances and where
So Gaza was occupied by modern Egypt between 1948-1967?
I admire you way of teaching us history and appreciate how much work goes into leaving any biases out. I'd genuinely have the time of my life just hearing you speak about any topic at a conference or something IRL.
Nice history presentation. Poor understanding of recent history. No mention of the ongoing proxy wars in the Middle East, how the US / NATO has been utilizing Israel and its people for their purposes; while Iran, backed up by Russia, has been developing and financing ‘freedom fighters’ groups like Hamas and Hizbala. At the bottom line, like in previous times, it were the larger global forces that caused the misery of the local people, more than the local people being inherently hateful forwards each other (as the archeological record of mixed racial genetic shows…). But of course as an American content creator you are blind to your fault as a nation that seeded chaos in the region for several decades, and you somehow single out the Israelis as uniquely evil, while you admit that you lack clear/validated/historic information about the numbers and intentions due to the fog of war.
YES!!!.Thank you Matt...you had my respect as an excellent youTube presenter...you have now earn my respects as a Human being❤❤...well done..thank you for a very balance presentation on this very contentious topic!!. You have proven that you can present controversial issues in an unbias manner
Please answer two questions:
1. Why did the war start in 1967?
2. Why did Israel not return Gaza Strip to Egypt in that peace process?
Because Egypt didn't want it.
@@StamatisAllas and they also dont want open boarders with Gaza
In the peace process Sadat was cornered, because by controlling Sinai Israel would control the other side of the Suez Canal. The offer was to give Sinai back to Egypt, in exchange for peace and recognition of Israel. That made Egypt the first Arab country to accept the existence of Israel. Unlike what others say, its not true that Egypt didn't want it back.
@@swagatochatterjee7104 They didn't want Gaza back.
Matt, you deserve a pat on your back for this video and all the work that went into it. Such a historically significant place this is. I wish I had a time machine to go back in time and see how it's people have evolved and grown over the years.
Excellent work. Always blown away by your research and of course, graphics! Everyone should watch this.
2:35 Correction: not just the local population of the southern Levant, but the whole Levant was inhabited by Canaanites, to the point that the most important Canaanite archeological site nowadays is often considered to be the city of Ugarit, which is in modern day Syria. Later, northern Canaanites became known as Phoenicians by the Greeks and Romans, but preserved much of their culture and identity (including religion) until the end of antiquity.
Not the entire Levant, just west of the Jordan and Orontes. To the east it was populated by Arameans, and other Arab(ish) groups (edomites, nabateans, moabites, ammonites, so on). To the north there were Assyrians and Hittites and Armenians. The Arameans that migrated north became known as Syriacs.
@@habibi_sport312 Arameans, amorits,(edomites,Moabits,Ammonits are canaanites too
@@habibi_sport312 No, they weren't confined like that, they were all over the ancient world. The Canaanites spread across the Mediterranean and founded many colonies that became major cities (e.g., Carthage), even as far as Spain.
@@habibi_sport312 But I do get the point that the areas you mentioned were _mainly_ populated by these other peoples.
Ba'al Hammon be praised!
I can only say thank you for making the video the way that you did.
I completely agree with many of the comments - your overview and descriptions of events were well-prepared and thoughtful. You focused on informing the audience and excluded the contentious and destructive details that would have detracted from the educational aspect of the timeline. It's very impressive and incredibly well done Matt 👏
A historiographic argument much-needed in its patience, balance, nuance and deeply humanistic rigor. Thanks Matt, once again.
Wonderful video, thank you for laying out this history so clearly, I’m gonna show this to my family so they can have context.
It's missing a lot of information. By showing anyone this video, you're misinforming them.
@@GeorgeBrooks22 I do think he could have spent a little more time on the last 20 years in the region
@@pederw4900 exactly
Excellent! Informative and well-balanced. Thank you. I pretty much agree with your final thoughts
The video says that "sometime in the latte 1800s and early 1900s Gazans stopped thinking of themselves as Ottomans and instead thought of themselves as Palestinians".
What evidence can I use to support this claim?
Just google "first use of the word Palestinian". There's some debate over when exactly that was but it was sometime between 1880 and 1920.
@@UsefulCharts The Google results certainly do support use in that time frame, but they fall spectacularly short of the claim in your video, which is that the population actually changed how it self-identified.
It is pretty easy to show that in the 1947 time frame, the Arab population in the Mandate overwhelmingly used Arab, and that Palestinian in the absence of the word Arab was disproportionately used to describe Jews.
Was there a period of time prior to this in which the Arab population in the area actually called itself Palestinian to a greater degree than we see post-WW2?
What was the nature of the shift in self-identity (if any) between 1880 and the end of Ottoman rule, and was this shift anything more than the actual political end of the Ottoman empite?
@aum1040 i dont have a scholarly article but i have my family stories. im palestinian christian. My grandfather was born in nazareth and had a palestinian passport.
Thats just an example of one pre world war two
@lmarsh5407
Yea but EVERYONE living in the Mandate had a Palestinian passport, because that's the name of the Mandate. It wasn't independent.
@UsefulCharts
If that's the case, why did they overwhelmingly deny the word "Palestine" in the Peel Commission that was even after the dates you mentioned?
"There is no such country! 'Palestine' is a term the Zionists invented! There is no Palestine in the Bible. 'Palestine' is alien to us; it is the Zionists who introduced it." -- Awni Bey Abdul-Hadi, Secretary of the Arab Higher Committee, before the Peel Commission in 1937.
Every other member of the Arab Higher Committee and the rest of the tribes living there said exactly the same. They still had the desire to become part of Greater Syria.
Matt, this is amazing!
Thank you (and good luck).
Matt, I think. The Palestine election in 2006 is an essential story to tell in this timeline.
The election where the winning party had publicly declared they would hunt all of the jews around the planet? No, palestinians would never vote for something that openly violent and hateful.
I love these videos and the clear, intelligent use of maps and charts to explain complex issues and history. Huzzah! In this video I would have found it easier to 'see' the region in the period if the extent of empires in the time you were talking about were an overlay instead of just the current Gaza and West Bank map, i.e, the area of control of the Philistines and proto/early Isrealis or Babylonian control in the region. I believe it would help depict the fluidity of power in the region. A humble suggestion and many thanks for videos!
And forgot to mention that some Jews were still living in Syria -palestina
Wonderfully informative video - thank you. If you ever decide to update this, may I suggest showing the appropriate boundaries of the various rulers of the areas shown?
30:00 During British Palestine it's not the Brits who were selling (or "giving away") the land to Jews to settle, Jewish migrants (and their organizations) were buying land from the big landowning families - Arab, Lebanese, Greek, or Turkish. For example one of the biggest purchases was the so called Sursock Purchases, where huge amounts of land were bought from the Sursock family, a Greek family who owned really large amounts of lands there.
The key word is "selling". Every Jewish owned land up to 1945 has been legitimately owned by them. They didn't commit any land theft, and that meme has to stop...
@@adrianblake8876 lol by 1947, they owned less than 7% of the land.... and then in 1948, they were awarded about 55% by the imperial powers to form their state, at the expense of the native population ofcourse. Cut the bull.
@@levantineking98 If I am not mistaken Arabs have around the same Precentage of ownership ~10%,Jews lived and migrated to Israel since beginning of recorded history before Arabs even been there so saying they "Native"(while they came ad conquering empire)is dumb
@@yakov95000 modern day palestinians aren’t descendants of peninsular Arabs, they were just conquered by them lol. And you are mistaken, Arabs owned around 35 percent of the land and the rest was state owned, and besides, the land ownership system was different as they had communal ownership, before the European colonizers arrived. What you’re saying sounds like “well native Americans didn’t technically own the land according to our European standards/laws, they just lived there.”
@@adrianblake8876Approximately 15% of all land in israel is owned by the JNF, a private organisation that explicitly REFUSES to sell land to non-Jews. In 2004, the JNF proudly declared in the Supreme Court of israel that it does not have a duty to practice equality to all citizens of the country. israel is a vile apartheid state built on ethnic supremacy.
the charts+animations you are making are so good i could follow properly the topics according to events+time+place+people and etc. just like what somehow terrence howard's introduction of a proper "periodic table" should be, thanks sirs 💪😉
That was amazing. Thank you for your work. I'm sure the majority of people today have NO IDEA this is all so complicated, and goes back so far. Maybe learning all this, new ideas can arise to solve the seemingly never-ending problem.
What a wonderful video! Thank you for the excellent research and presentation.
One point I find a bit simplified is equating Caananites with Israelites. It is a great way to show how the Israelites were mostly local Caananite tribes, in contrast with the biblical narrative of migration and conquest.
But there were others, no? Like the Moabites and Phoenicians?
True
Moabites and Phoenicians are essentially canaanite. Their languages are canaanite languages and genetically Phoenicians Israelite etc are canaanite genetics
Finally, someone who puts decent effort and context to the claims by both sides!!!!!
As always, excellent work. I very much appreciate your insight and hard work putting this together.
29:36:
"The British sold even more land"
This is incorrect. While yes the buying first increased under British mandate... the buying was from distant ottoman landlord's or high status arabs in the mandate.
Close to the 2nd world War, the British actually put heavy restrictions on migration and land buying
This video sold me the impression that you are very reasonable and unbiased. Thank you so much for the great video.
Unfortunately, this is a veneer. We are all biased, and Matt's fundamentally pro-Israeli stance reveals itself here in his contemporary statements, as alluded to in other high ranking comments.
@@figrollin He's not that fundamentally pro-Israel right? In the end he says he supports the current protests against what the Israeli government is doing.
@@figrollinpeople can point out that hamas did something awful without being pro-israel. Someone can point out the civil destruction of property and lives by Israeli bombs without being pro- palestinian. It'd just called being a human calling it how it is and it sucks.
One last thing the stats for civilian deaths you used are outdated. AP news did a article on this the 60% civilian death toll only applied to the first month of the war. Since then the civilian death toll has declined to less than 38%.
Thank you for this fantastic review of history. Much appreciated.
This is amazing I always live your historical videos and as always you live up yo expectations!!!
The partition was not specifically for zionists, it was for jews.
Agreed with your thoughts thanks for sharing this history
Timely video
Good looks, matt, and thank you
LOVE this chart/video. The Middle East history and politics is so complex ...it's easier to understand it when it's laid out this way in a timeline with explanations. I also love how you incorporate the biblical and archeological sides to the inhabitants of the areas. ❤
I can't wait for this comment section to be perfectly calm, rational, and respectful :)
Hello there. How do you do? A very intelligent comment. I respect you for it.
Totally calm as forecasted.
There are more of these comments than controversial ones
Honestly I can't see any crazy comments
@@duduchannel6729 In my defense, I wrote this like 2 minutes after the video came out, but hey, I'd rather be pleasantly surprised than not!
Bro, as a Palestinian I admire every line in this video. well researched and absent of ideologies.
This narrative is what we need today for a just peace in this area. Thank you!
Can you explain what makes the "Haifa" accent of Palestinian Arabic so different? I see a lot of comments talking about how everyone can tell someone is from Haifa just by the way they speak, but no one gives any further details
As a native Narnian, I approve.
@nicks0alive
Haifa was mostly Christian for a long long time so the dialect is different than the Islamic dialects.
You can even tell if someone is from Gaza or somewhere in Judea & Samaria.
@@moshco23 cool bro, but can you pin point the details further? Like, is the rhythm, or the slang, or the way they say certain words? Any examples please! Thank you
@@nicks0alive
Well they don't have a P. Potato is Botato, and since many of the residents of Haifa were Christians with ties to Lebanese Christians, they wording isn't 100% the same.
Then of course there are certain vowls (is that the correct spelling? Hope you got it) that just don't sound the same, and in a way I'd say the rhythm is different. Northern Arabs tend to speak kinda slower, although they're all loud in the same way, just like all the Mizrahi Jews. As a half Tunisian and half Kurd it's always surprising if I hear people from my own family origin countries quiet 🤣
Thank you so much, I hope your voice can spread
Every video of yours enlightens. Thank you, Matt.
So … the Egyptians were there first and they also named it? Give it back?
It would make the most sense, but they really do not seem to want it anymore.
Israel offered it and they said no
Egypt doesnt want it lol
I mean modern Egyptians are not at all the same as antiquity Egyptians
But I’m sure Israel would nonetheless be happy to give it to them
@@jonathankriesler2037 but the modern Israelis are the same as the ancient ones?
The Palestinian Arabs started the 1948 war. I think that was not clear from your video. Also worth mentioning that thousands of Arabs had left their homes before the war started, because they had been told by the Arabs armies that they could return after the Jews were killed of exiled. Quite important fact, I believe.
Also, they had all of Trans-Jordan to go to. It seems to me that you forgot to mention that.
It is also important to mention that no demand for a Palestinian state were made while Gaza and the so-called West Bank were under the control of Egypt and Joran.
Parts of what you said are either untrue or misleading.
I also used to believe that the other Arabs told the Palestinians to leave Gaza so that they could kill the European Jewish settlers. That talking point has been debunked in that so many Palestinians had already been kicked out and displaced by the European Jews before the war began. They didn't just leave because there was going to be a war. The Palestinian's homes and businesses were already being taken over by the European Jews prior to the fighting.
Also, as far as who started the war, don't you think that pillaging, stealing, brutalizing, plundering, and vandalizing counts as starting a war?
In this entire video, each time a group conquered or took over Gaza, that group was held responsible for starting or causing whatever happened. Suddenly, in 1948, when the European Jews did what pre-modern conquerors or colonizers did, the responsibly gets flipped back around on the Arabs who apparently had the audacity to fight back.
I hope you can appreciate the cognitive dissonance I'm pointing out here.
for such a comprehensive overview, you really gloss over the reasons why the UN plan just "never happened" and the war began. it's quite a bit more complicated than that!
Thank you, thank you, thank you for making this video.
Thank you!
A two-state solution sounds great in theory but your map here actually is a great example of why it would be extremely difficult. Nobody is going to agree on the borders, and in particular who should get control over East Jerusalem. You put it as Israeli here, but the Palestinians absolutely do not agree.
thank you so much, this video has been extremely informative :)
Thank you for creating this video. It is very informative.
So this conflict is as old as civilization itself...!!!
Thank you for shedding light on this...!!!
This should be mandatory viewing for anyone discussing this conflict.
I disagree with some things you say here and there, but I think that we must all put our differences behind us and work together, united towards peace.
You can’t have “peace” if one side refuses to actually accept your existence and wants to eradicate you from existence. 😒
You can’t work together towards “peace” if one side doesn’t want to. 😒
@benclark
However you can if a majority of people want peace and it’s just the keyboard warriors, such as yourself, polarised people and radicalised people who believe that their side is just.
@@snomcultist189 Which isn't the situation currently in Palestine, neither in Gaza nor in the West Bank.
@@snomcultist189 funny how I never said that one side was actually “just” lol. 😒 also do you REALLY think that the side who ALWAYS refuses peace when it’s given to them is the one who actually wants it? 🫤
As always, an absolutely incredible amount of detail and clear explanation, plus your position so perfectly mirrors my own. Thank you!
Very nice video that explains all the Empires and Cultures that passed by Gaza!
Thanks for this video. Looking from afar it seems to me until both sides accept the others right to exist and govern there selves freely and independently, these atrocities will not stop. All people should have the right to live in peace.
Israel already let the palestinians govern themselves freely and independently when they de-occupied Gaza in 2005. And what did the palestinians do? Elected Hamas into power. Israel will not make the same mistake again.
This should be another series of yours, Matt. "Who controlled [such-and-such a city] the longest?"
This was fab. Thanks Matt. Tough topic I understand, but appreciated you creating this
Thank you so much for this video! It really filled in some gaps in my understanding of the region.
Sir, I object to you calling the Nabateans Arabs, they were not. They were descendents of Achaemenids that were abandoned when the Seleucid Empire collapsed. There was no "arab empire", there was the Sasanian Empire that fell to the Rashidun Caliphate, but the Caliphate were not Arabs.
Arabs as a group did not emerge until the end of the Ottoman Empire. The Arabs were a group that formed primarily at the urging of Hussein bin Ali al-Hashimi who led what he called the great Arab revolt. Prior to this 'Arab' was a Greek exonym for the people of the Arabian peninsula, which also happened to be a Greek exonym. Arabs as a group did not exist until the Great Arab Revolt in 1916. And they're only called Arabs due to the hellenization of the region convincing the hellenized people that lived there two thousand years later that the ancient name for their peninsula was Arabia, which it was not.
Should have just let the Sea Peoples keep it /s
That being said i think this is a really cool format for you guys. You should do this for major cities around the world. i bet people would love posters of the timeline of their city they live in!
better still if Rome never fell and Christianity and Islam never came to be.
Ok go tell that the Nebuchadnezzar II
Ramses lll is the one who make them settle there after a treaty with them those people likely where running from 300 years of drought in the region
Egypt was there 3500BCE they should have kept it lol 😂
Also I didn’t expect to see you outside of foxhole videos 😂
@@jasperchance3382considering Rome spread Christianity you'd have to make Jesus not die and Roman Polytheism to remain.
Great video!
There is a tiny time line event is missed.
During the Egyptian control from 1948 to 1967, The Israeli army occupied Gaza for 4 months during the war of 1956 the Suez Crisis also called the Tripartite Aggression
Fantastic video UsefulCharts! It’s clear that you have put a lot of effort into accurately researching and representing the long, long history of Gaza and I learned a lot from this video!
I do have to say that some of the more modern history at the end of the video was somewhat rushed over and is missing a couple key points, but overall I really appreciate your work and am hoping for more videos like these in the future!
This is how you approach this topic, we should all learn from Matt.
The information in this video are not all accurate. Not historical nor religious accurate .most of information provided in this video Contradict with the archaeological and genetic informations.
Can you suggest academic material that proves your point?
guess not, I read it in your comment
@@hanojo6098 How so? What archeological and genetic evidence contradicts anything in the video? I'm not aware of any.
A minor detail: in several points of the video, the narrator mentions that important archaeological/cultural/religious sites were bombed by Israel. What the Narrator didn't mention is that these sites were used by Gazan organizations as military sites from which they bombed Israel and fought the IDF.
Love this video. Thank you, Matt ❤
Very well done. Sensitive, fair and well researched.
Regarding the "Palestinian national aspirations" between 1948 and 1967. Both Gaza and the west bank were in Arab control (Egypt of Gaza, and Jordan of West Bank). But throughout this period, there were not any demands of Palestinian national independence in these territories. Maybe ask yourself why not? It doesn't matter much for the present Palestinian national aspirations (which should be recognized), but historically recognizing that these Palestinian national aspirations are a completely new phenomenon. Actually much newer than the Jewish zionist Israeli ones. If the Palestinians can recognize and admit it for themselves, peace might be easier to achieve.
Matt, I was scared for a moment on how you would land this. Well done.
why Baker has always been straight
In an imperfect world where nobody is completely straight, he sticks landings with more consistency than many/most.
I seem to recall one time I was annoyed with a take of his in a different video.
It should definitely be noted that of all the history and news sources I watch, I think I can say quickly off the top of my head he has annoyed me the least number of times and the count still stands at only once in quite a few years and perhaps hundreds of videos.
Not perfect technically but I'd challenge others to do better than that and I wouldn't expect them to succeed.
If Hamas is too popular and Arafats legacy has withered and died too much, then unfortunately Baker essentially stopped talking right at the important moment.
By the arguments he himself makes for what he supports, Hamas is beyond the pale.
At the very least Israel is far more sympathetic than Hamas, and there either will be or won't be a restoration of Arafat.
It would be significantly important to give more indication of how strong Hamas is and whether there's anything left of the version of Palestine that would work.
Arab Spring matters. Afghanistan matters.
Did the radicals remove obstacles in their way helping to bring the war to an escalated peak forcing Israel to fight in an existential matter.
I am concerned about the possibility of it being up to that bad while struggling to find clear minded sources willing to sift through report honestly reveal what they know and make clear what the situation truly is, whether it is too late to go back or not.
It would seem like Israel is frightened that if it does not do what it is doing they will be extinguished.
And when Jews bring up that they are afraid of extermination it pays to listen.
I can't find a lot of people willing to bring up Yasser Arafat at all Which worries me that Hamas has obliterated and replaced that option with a much more impossible situation than was present as recently as the 90s.
It's an important issue to untangle. If Hamas cannot, does not, and should not represent all Palestine, most of the way things are being reported needs to change.
But it seems like Hamas desires to be all Palestine and has taken steps to try to achieve that.
None of that was addressed in the video at all and that was really the only part that would have been mysterious to basically anyone with an internet connection in the past 20 years.
@@darthparallax5207it's your third to last paragraph that really hits me because when you get accustomed to it, you can tell when a lot of journalism/press has to be approved by hamas or fall into the "party line" (for lack of a better term for my knowledge) of hamas to be allowed out into the world. it has been so harmful. as someone with close ties to israel i just want peace. regardless of arguments about who got there first or everything that happened in the past, the solution should never be to keep killing each other, but it seems that any glimmer of stability was destroyed in October. most of the activists I see on either side, especially the popular ones, believe all the land is theirs and the other must be taken out. it really hurts. I want future generations to grow up in a safe and free environment, but the more this goes on, everyone is just going to be radicalised to the point where it really never ends. I am so sad about it. what could have been a brilliant place is getting destroyed
@@darthparallax5207ive read the words of Israel’s goverment ministers ben givir and Shimoltrovich and they have pretty clear genocidal intent towards the Palestinians, they want to take all their land and dont want to give the Palestinians citisenship, so where are they meant to go?
Thank you for this deep dive in the history, unbiased. Clear and careful explanation as usual. Choose peace.
At 31:17 you mention the UN partition plan and you say "it never happened" I feel like you are being a little dishonest here. This is generally the moderate opinion of how the borders should look today, and yet it was not the Jews that rejected this plan it was the Arabs. I'm not going to claim that I don't understand their feelings. If I was a Palestinian during this time I too would've probably rejected this plan, but to just gloss over that fact seems a little biased.
Also "yeah there was a war in 48 oopsie" is a helluva way to say "the Arabs launched a genocidal campaign and failed". At least they mentioned the expulsion of Jews from the MENA in a *passing* sense, of course not commenting on why this happened.
this is obviously very interesting
Amazing video. What an incredible channel.
Great time line and great context. 'Useful charts' is quite an understatement. Even the link to your sponsor is useful :-) Thank you!
Great work - As always!
Please start making the distinction between "archaeological record" and "archaeological theory." The record contains artifacts that explicitly indicate something. Such as an inscription, definite material evidence, etc. Theory pertains to ideas, perhaps mainstream, that COULD be supported by findings. Archaeologists won't love you but historians certainly will!
Wouldn't that be hypothesis then?
@@sonicgoo1121 not necessarily. An hypothesis comes earlier in the process before any research has been done.
Wow! Very balanced and enlightening. It's easy for people to look at what's happening using a limited scope. But clearly a lot has happened before 7th October going centuries that needs to be recognised.
Thanks a lot for this Matt!
You are amazing man....Love this work!!!
Gaza is actually a Hebrew word meaning "Strong City"