What is a Technical Writer?

Technical writing is like a bridge delivering information from a complex world such as software, engineering, science, or medicine to people who may not possess an extensive background in these areas, or at least in the specific information you're delivering.
Technical writing has a critical mission: to translate and communicate complex information clearly, concisely, and understandably. Whether it's a software application help system, a troubleshooting guide for a household appliance, or a detailed set of instructions for assembling a solar power system, technical writing makes technical subjects accessible to the people who need to understand it. Usually, that's ordinary people, but sometimes, it's fellow industry professionals or other specialized audiences.
Imagine you've just bought the latest, most sophisticated coffee machine on the market. It boasts all the features you could dream of, from espresso to cappuccino, all at the touch of a button. But here's the catch - the machine comes with an array of buttons, settings, and maintenance requirements that seem intimidating. This is where technical writing shines.
The user manual, crafted by a technical writer, guides you through every step, from setup to daily use, maintenance, and troubleshooting. It's written in easy-to-follow language, avoiding jargon wherever possible or explaining it when necessary. The manual becomes your go-to resource, transforming a potentially frustrating experience into a positive one.
Contrast this with creative writing, which transports readers to imaginary worlds, evokes emotions, and often plays with language. Technical writing doesn't get to do those things. It prioritizes clarity over originality and function over form. It's about getting straight to the point with precise and unambiguous language. This approach is essential because the goal is to eliminate any confusion for the reader. For example, while a creative writer might describe a process in a narrative style, full of metaphor and flourish, a technical writer would opt for a step-by-step description, focusing on clarity and ease of understanding. Often, they'll accompany that with graphics, such as screenshots, diagrams, and flowcharts. They do whatever it takes to help their audience accomplish a task.
The pillars of technical writing - clarity, accuracy, and conciseness - are essential. Clarity ensures the message is understood correctly, avoiding misinterpretation. Accuracy is critical because technical documents are reference materials that people rely on for correct information. Conciseness helps eliminate unnecessary information, making the document more accessible and easier to use. For instance, when documenting a software application's installation process, a technical writer must provide clear, accurate, and concise steps that guide the user without overwhelming them with too much background information or technical details that are unnecessary for the task.
Technical writers serve a wide array of industries, each with its unique challenges and requirements. In the software industry, they create documentation that can include guides for end-users, technical specifications for developers, system administration manuals for IT professionals, and help systems that often serve all three user types. These documents explain how the software works and how to use it effectively, often translating complex workflows into user-friendly instructions.
In manufacturing, technical writers produce manuals that detail the assembly, operation, and maintenance of equipment and machinery. These documents must be exact because a misinterpreted instruction could damage equipment or cause injuries. For example, a technical manual for assembling an industrial printer would include detailed diagrams, step-by-step assembly instructions, and safety precautions, all written in clear, concise language to ensure safe and correct assembly.
The healthcare sector relies heavily on technical writing to create clear instructions for medical devices. These instructions must be meticulously accurate and easy to understand, as they can directly impact patient safety. For instance, a user manual for a home blood glucose monitor must convey how to properly use the device, interpret the results, and troubleshoot common issues, all while ensuring the information is accessible to a layperson without medical training. I recently got a blood pressure cuff with zero instructions on how to use it. I still haven't figured the thing out. If I ever do, I should write a guide.
Beyond mere writing ability, the role of a technical writer demands a skill set that includes an ability to conduct comprehensive research, translate technical jargon into plain language, and pay close attention to detail. This skill set ensures the production of high-quality documents that effectively serve their intended purpose.