This Plant Genetically Engineered Itself (So We Don't Have To)
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- Опубликовано: 3 окт 2024
- Scientists found a species of wheatgrass that is resistant to fungus, but how it became resistant is both surprising and unclear.
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People: “Nooo! I don’t want genetically modified plants!!”
Wheat: “Fine, I’ll do it myself.”
Since the 1950s wheat has been genetic modified thousands of times until the current wheat we use. If you want to prove the taste of real wheat try the variety Eikorn or Emmer. These to varieties exists for thousands of years.
@@TheAvsouto Domesticated animals & plants &fungi r not wild nor GMOs
@@cannamangoeatsheit2994 Sure, not 'GMOS' but they are genetically modified organisms.
This is the reason we need to protect species diversity. ‘Wild ‘ and seemingly ‘useless ‘ species can often supply genetic material that domestic plants and animals need to sustain their viability as food sources for humans.
We should stop eating plants and only eat meat! We need them to be perfected by evolution then we will continue!
I'm a seed saver!
@@janicemaceachern1004 That sounds strangely chaste.
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Horizontal gene transfer is so interesting. Non vertical gene transfer in general !
Just because you can't reproduce doesn't mean you can't enjoy oral gene transfer!
Also, if you took our icons and put them together you'd get N/A
Pretty sure most humans are the result of horizontal gene transfer
Can u imagine just how messed up your genes\damaged body is if even nature nopes out of the "nature finds a way" trope lol.
"Draw from a bunch of different fields"
I see what you did there
Rabble: GMOs are bad!
Scientists: But we didn't do this. It happened naturally.
Rabble: Uh... Then it's good!
Me. O.o
i like to twist it on its head as well.
- is natural what is from nature, right?
yes
- are humans part of nature?
of course!
- so whatever humans do/make is natural?
…wait
Whenever someone complains about GMOs being bad I can't help but remind them that the food they claim is "natural" is actually about as "natural" as a poodle due to the thousand of years of genetic modification humans did to it.
@@beskamir5977 Does that ever work? I've tried that and it does nothing to dissuade people, sadly.
@@SlimThrull I think showing pictures of wild type vs modern crops helps? But then at the same time you can't really reason someone out of a position they didn't reason themselves into.
But nature is not always good.
Nature can be dangerous.
Breeding horses and dogs is just like genetic modification, but slower. And you can do bad things with traditional methods.
Some dogbreeds are abominations that shouldn't exist. With genetic modification we can speed the proces up and make even crazier dogbreeds.
For better or worse, genetic modification is a very powerful tool, with the potential to be very helpful, but also very harmful. Just like old fashioned breeding, but faster and more powerful. And potentially more dangerous.
For some reason the internet is always cirkeljerking over how irrational and anti-science the GMO-sceptics are, and "sadly they just don't listen". ... I mean.... listen to yourself, guys.
It's the work of the greatest scientist ever... chaos and chance XD
Trial and error, as well.
Actions, reactions. Science is outstandingly amazing.
@@NukelearFallout ⁸⁸⁸
All Hail the Flying Spaghetti Monster 👾
R'Amen!
All bow down to Professor Chaos!
One of many FHB resistance genes. Breeders have been balancing trade-offs among yield, quality and resistance for decades.
“The chicken is only an egg’s way for making another egg.”
― Richard Dawkins
Or is it?
VSauce music starts playing
The egg is the only way for a chicken to make another chicken.
The title of the video totally sounds like the slogan of some commercial.
"From the makers of Pollen, Nature brings you, Horizontal Gene Transfer. Modifying plants, so you don't have to. H-G-T!"
And people say GM crops are unnatural! 🌾
you realize alot of people have the iq and reasoning akin to a bag of rocks
Cause people think when the genetics on a plant changes it grows the ability to grow fangs and shoot toxins
@@eduwino151 hey, let's not use hyperbole, I never got a headache listening to the ramblings of a bag of rocks. :'D
Well the one made by humans are not by definition if natural means "not man-made".
any crop grown by man is GM. the problems arise when these "refined" crops prove excessively vulnerable to pests or blights in some way.
woah, plants changing their genes by themselves. thats some strange stuff :0
Not really. It happens all the time. By retrovirus, transposon, plasmid integration, cell fusion/alloploidy, hybridization, horizontal organelle transfer... Never mind all the ways the chromosomes get reshuffled _without_ incorporating new DNA. Inversions, deletions, duplications, point mutations... Sometimes multiple whole chromosomes get shattered and stitched back together in new ways.
Mother nature always comes in clutch
If a plant can steal a gene from a freaking fungus by accident, surely humans can more easily inherit that gene to another plant on purpose.
Maybe if you were growing that fungus directly on your gonads to have a germ line cell get the gene out of pure change then pass it on but the chances of that happening are so astronomically low it only transferred once in millions of years to a much more simply organism. More easily inherit? Maybe, but 1 in 10^30 is an order or magnitude smaller than 1 in 10^31 But they are still negligable. Germ line Horizontal gene transfer to multicellular organisms is so unlikely they made a video on it.
My dad is a USDA geneticist and breeds apples. He bred in resistance to fire blight, powdery mildews, and deals with root nutrient uptake and resistance to drought. These are pretty standard features from the USDA crops.
By breeding root systems, you can influence the size and shape of the scion they graft on top. Dwarfing root systems whose scion only grow to 14-18 feet are popular because they keep fruit closer to the ground for it to be picked and produce fruit in 4-6 years instead of 7-9 making a faster return on investment for farmers.
The unsolved mystery is something called replant disease, that makes a plot of land that once grew apples unproductive for any further apple cultivation. You replant, but your apples don't grow...
ah, I was going to say "how on earth do you breed apples with different traits?", given their random variations when grown from seed, but then you went on to explain how. Nice post, interesting :))
@LagiNaLangAko23 could be, but nobody knows for sure yet
"Hi, I'm the Nostalgia Plant! I engineered myself so you don't have to!"
This finding could of saved Earth in the movie Interstellar.
We had the same thought 😀🔭🚀
A lot of things could have saved earth in that movie, I've always found "Earth is failing, lets go terraform another planet" to be hilarious. if we can't fix ours, how the hell are we going to fix one that's worse off and really far away! lol I love the movie though, I'm just a nit picky brat
@@alexprime7369 we?
A DNA depiction with the offset!!! So much love!! 💕💕💕
That's nice to know. I like learning. Keep up the good work.
Horizontal Gene Transference: When DNA yeets over to a neighbor strand.
mosanto?
And just like that, Epichloë has conscripted the world's deadliest and most oblivious hitman
I got my SciShow T-Shirt and Towel in the Mail Today ! Thank you for the Smileys Face on the Receipt
Darwin : "self GMO,....I see, now you want to make a new word for evolution"
Props to the editor who found the stock footage at 2:50
It's so frustrating to hear the people who know nothing about genetic modification scare people with it.
That was an eye opener!
That stock-footage couple are _totally_ going to take a roll in the wheat inside five minutes.
I admire the woman's thoroughly practical field research gear
"HellOOOOOO I'm the Geneticist! I engineer it so YOU don't have to!"
Good for her
GMO's aren't bad
I despise boomers who find some facebook post online saying "GMO's are bad" and arguing with people who have actual data and knowledge
They think GMOs are like radioactive monsters from cheesy horror movies.
The way Monsanto is using GMOs is what is bad.
They are, as in bad like "The Room" bad. Genetic engineering technology needs more improving, most gmo crops dont grow well.
@@PabloSanchez-qu6ib Most of what ppl think Monsanto did, is just a myth
Chad level transition to that ad. Nice
I love the stock footage of people doing wheat research.
Plant:
Monsanto: Wah gwaan
So this is kind of like how GMO in the lab is done, except naturally, in the sense that genes were just pulled from one species to another. Karen won’t be upset though because it happened in the wild.
The mechanism is not known and the environmental effects are not known. Just because nature in some form survived this GM event does not mean it went well at the time.
Karen happened in the wild? That explains a lot. Lol
After a few years, now orange carrots are non-GMO lol!
@@dougaltolan3017 It happens all the time in nature and also with the same mechanisms, than in lab. Example sweet potato came into existence that way (the classical agrobacteria way). Also example humans carry a lot of retrovirus parts in their genome. Just accept it.
@@user255 If you cannot see the difference between it happening in nature and happening in agri business labs then you miss the entire point.
In nature a single organism will mutate, it can take decades, centuries or even longer for that change to become widespread. In the mean time the rest of the ecosystem has a chance to adapt.
If, on the other hand, the likes of Monsanto develop and deploy a new strain over night the ecosystem may well suffer irreparable shock.
You do realise just how bizarre the balance is?
Explain this simple one:
Species A feeds on species B
Species C feeds on species D
New species E feeds on species A, why does that harm species C?
This stuff better than choccy milk
Never mind nothing better then choccy milk
Doing research on Wheat
Daaaamn. Thinopyrum Elongatum is such a cool name. Sounds like a wizarding spell
Since Epichloë is endosymbiont, that is, it grows in intercellular space of plant tissue and sometimes show no symptom, that might facilitate the horizontal gene transfer.
How considerate of them.
DNA Transfer, you guys have an ep on Virus DNA in human DNA, all this means that DNS transfer happens all through species, plants, etc.
Check out The Tangled Tree if you want a beautiful touch on horizontal gene transfer and bioengineering in general
Fungus has been controlling its environment for longer than humans have roamed the earth. It can help plants grow, control and kill insects, save the bees, break down toxic chemicals and so much more. Fascinating.
Have you read Paul Stamets' research? It's so fascinating.
@@ahaskell Agreed! I've watched many of his talks and just started on some of his books. Currently, I have some lions mane growing in a mini green house hooked up to a reptile fogger. lol
@@adambier2415 not to mention this channel's eons channel video about how giant fungus were the reason plants could colonise the planet's land, breaking down the rocks to release the minerals the complex plant life would later use to grow :)
@@adambier2415 How easy is lion's mane to grow & what does it taste like? I'm currently sticking mainly with just mass producing oyster mushrooms, just so easy & space efficient to produce & I kinda enjoy it more than my regular garden due to how fast the process is, so less patients required :) I've looked at a number of species only available online though & thought about growing them, just haven't taken the leap yet, especially cause the king oysters were so annoying in how cold they needed it to be & therefore being really hard for me to grow, despite great early looking results & I dont' really want a repeat of that disappointment (although on the other hand the challenge of growing something no-one else has does kinda interest me)
Lilac Lizard Taste is a little weird on it’s own in my opinion. Sometimes similar to lobster but not nearly as good - possibly my lack of ideal environment. Best cooking method has so far been to saute with some water for 5-10 minutes before adding fat and sea salt. It’s definitely a challenge for me to grow LM (lions mane) as someone who is new to the art. I’ve grown oyster, shiitake and LM from kits and the LM is the hardest while the shiitake was the only one to grow the wrong kind of fungus - second or third fruiting though. LM needs an incubation temp of 70-75F, a primordia formationinitiation temp of 50-60F and a fruiting temp of 65-75. If u buy a kit, you only need to worry about that last temp. *numbers from Paul Stamets
Thank you.
That's chock disease fighting head blight in short. How surprising.
If you say it "vomit oxen" instead of vomitoxen it sounds even worse lol
That needs to be the name of the mechanical bull at a Texan bar 😂
One fungi and another fungi sitting by the fire.
One fungi says to the other fungi, " I'm gonna set your grass on fire."
Hey now, ika ika wa nay!
Huzzah for genetic diversity & bio-engineering! Now let's hope humanity can find more useful genes like this! Neat video! Thanks for uploading!
BuT gMoS aRe EvIL!
interesting
i n t e r e s t i n g
Interesting
Interesting...
I n t e r e s t i n g ..
Neat
Michael, please keep your hair like this. It looks great. :D
I feel like he should let them grow tbh 😶😶
@@meetaverma8372 yeah. It looks really nice ;P
I like when it was frosted
Horizontal gene transfer is tight.
It's not a problem at all. Barely an inconvenience.
@@kriscamps1799 Ohh whoops!
Yeah yeah yeah
And BEER!
I've been experimenting with beer this afternoon.The Cleveland v St.Louis game went 12 innings.
This plant's scientific name is Noltalgio Critique, or more commonly known as Nostalgia Critic.
It remembers so we don't have to
Nature had an 'Easy Button' after all...
Not surprised, but still a pleasant notion.
NEAT.
"GMO's are unnatural!"
Mother nature: I'm about to destroy this person's whole life
That meme template is ded
Horizontal gene transfer? I think you mean
_G r e e n S u c c G e n e_
I wish there were more brands that advertised intentionally using GMOs so I could support science.
Interesting...
A plant transferring a gene to a plant interesting did not know hink that was possible
So funny - I've completely gotten used to American English, but when Mike said wheat-grass I was totally confused for a second by his pronunciation 😳😂 I think it was because I saw it written before I heard it? 🤔 Please let SciShow Psychology make a video on that! 🤣
That is why we have to save wild cultivars of agricultural plants. In India we get so many different varieties of Bananas, from various breeds. But, now that I'm in Germany, I see only one kind of banana, mostly imported from South America. That is just one example of agricultural plant, Third world countries have different cultivars in most of the agricultural plants, like rice, wheat, fruits etc. But there too governments and even some farmers are being influenced/tempted/bribed by global seed companies regarding GMO crops over wild cultivars.
I miss pizza. Inflammatory disease blocks me from enjoying Gluten.
cool, cool, cool, but monsanto still wants to get PAIDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
I don’t find this very surprising, horizontal gene transfer is a well-known phenomenon, and it does happen often in multicellular organism as well,most famously in maze. Barbara McClintock famously worked on this years ago in 1940s and won a Nobel prize.
She was working on transposons, or jumping genes. Its not the same.
Bernard Kuhar yup I know that, that’s basic grad school knowledge. But that’s the pioneering work that first started the idea of a mobile genetic material. We all learn about this in our PhD studies, horizontal gene transfer is common knowledge
Yeah it's not entirely surprising, but that doesn't mean that SciShow shouldn't make a video about it. I would guess that less than 5% of people have PhDs (and even fewer with PhDs in biology), so this video would be interesting to those who aren't in the field
Primo: Animated Science fair enough, I personally believe in quality over quantity, kurzgesaget for example makes great content
Lamarkist plant
love that hope they can help all grain for me hope rice its that group now thailand lose a lot
What if the Fungus made the other grass more immune/resistant to fungi, like a preferred diet.
Is there any way I could do that ? 🤣
Very interesting topic, wonder if it's happened in more complex organisms.
Genetics, saving beer for you and me.
GMOs are amazing 💜
How do we know the gene was transfered from the grass to the fungus and not vice versa?
Horizontal gene transfer to actually be a thing blows my mind!
Ahhhh...Interstellar seems so much more plausible now.
But I want my Quadrotriticale!!! Just try to keep the tribbles away from it... :P
But if they expose this resistance to FHP in all breeds of strains, more of that fungi would be exposed to that resistance and thus would the fungi evolve and become resistant to the resistance?
Possibly.
Before the fungus could "evolve" it has to get a random mutation that's beneficial.
Go go Sci Show
doing the horizontal gene transfer, eh?
Stuff like this is why I don't get why some people are so terrified of GMO Foods. Nature has been doing it for billions of years without us raising a finger. We've been doing it for thousands of years, albeit doing the long way around. Modern GMOs is just taking a few shortcuts. Now sure there probably should be some oversight to make sure something bad doesn't get accidentally introduced but I don't get why people are so scared.
compare painted mountain corn with gmo corn & you can see why you should be scared of the way it's being applied & what that means to the future of our food system!
Why am I watching this, I have Celiac disease
Most GMOs are fine, it's when they're modified by Monsanto that they're not
Golden rice is not fine??
@@user255 c4 rice is of vastly higher importance, why aren't they working on that? Any benefits of golden rice can be much better achieved in other ways, such as adding a veggy garden to the end of the rice paddy so no, it's not ok, it's a useless gimmick that will do more harm than good in real world settings!
@@lilaclizard4504 People are not quite that dumb. The thing is, we already give out vitamin pills and the locals do grow veggies along the rice, but the problem persist. The problem is not new and even golden rice wont fix it completely. But it really is needed. It is the best we have in this real practical situation.
I think many companies would invest a lot more on GMOs, if they could trust they can sell them in some point. Now the opposition is bit too high.
@@user255 please provide evidence to support your claim that " It is the best we have in this real practical situation." as that claim is NOT supported by major health organisations & NGO's. It's a gimmick! If vitamin tablets with high concentrations of the same vitamin found in low levels in golden rice & fruit & veg with a whole variety of different vitamins & minerals in them can't solve the problem, on what grounds do you claim that golden rice can fix this problem? Other than believing propaganda claims of those standing to profit from the golden rice, at the expense of the people who could otherwise buy vitamin tablets & fresh produce with that money. The opposition to this is high for a reason! It's exploiting people for financial gain of the rich 1%.
Like I said, C4 rice is a genuine GMO product that could make a HUGE impact, but note how it's only governments & universities working on that & NOT the high profile gmo companies? That's cause those companies only do gmo for the wrong reasons & hurt people in the process! They're not investing in genuinely useful research, only in marketing & propaganda to make poor people waste valuable money on gimmicks.
Vitamin supplements, increased livestock, sweet potatoes & natural corn types high in beta carotene are FAR better options to fix this & other malnutrition problems than rice gmo'ed to contain a single vitamin are! Even IF it was to fix the vitamin a problem, it would still just move the problem downstream to the next vitamin deficiency. A more balanced diet is what is required! Golden rice wastes resourses distracting from that reality! Give the subsistence farmers ducks to act as natural pest control in their rice fields & provide them with vitamin a via eggs & meat and/or give them fish to live in their rice paddies for the same purposes
@@lilaclizard4504
Vitamin pills etc are *expensive* and thus they *didn't* solve the problem. Golden rice is *FREE,* no one profits from it! Look up.
It doesn't require you to farm less nutritious vegetables (compared to rice) to get the A-vitamin. You can just continue business as usual and get many times more A-vitamin from the rice. IE no calorie problem, just win/win. Vitamin-A deficiency is still one of the biggest problem after all we have done. It causes over million deaths and half million blindness per year! Don't down play it.
Secondly I didn't say it would solve the problem, but it would alleviate it better, than anything else we have.
If a gene transfered from a fungus to a plant thats horizontal transfer across a greater evolutionary gap than waht would be from fungi to animals
Aww, thanks plant
Am I the only one who heard "Elon gottem" at 1:00? Great video btw
grasses getting their cross species freak on.
Yay GMO wheat!
Hi I am the nostalgia fungus I do horizontal gene transfer so you dont have to
🤣
100% organic GMO
Cannabis plants does this all the time. Ive seen canabis growing near peppermint which grow the peppermint leaves on the cannabis plant. Amazing.
would be nice if that gene worked on tree as well
I'm guessing vomitoxin gives you wings
Biotechnology in action.
Sounds like this is why Ellie is "immune" to the cordyceps fungus infection in The Last of Us.
so will it be possible to drink without getting a hangover?
Let's put this ability to ants.
lucky shot in this one
in human history is that pretty common
Epichloë is a great name for a pseudo-high-end drug-store makeup brand.
I find it funny that in man made GMO, the people who made it knows exactly what gene they're putting in on the plant and what exactly it does to the plant and it is somehow bad.
Unlike what happens naturally, we don't know that it just happened, and we don't know what was added to the genome.
@Superior SSLA plus the fact that they used multi generational test animals eating this showed no harm. Thoroughly chemically analyzed plants. Compare that to what happens in nature that we literally know nothing.
Welp. I don't eat wheat since I'm gluten intolerant. But this is interesting
in case you didn't even bother to watch the video, and stating that GMOs are nothing but good, here's the magic word 2:07
This guy looks so different