How to Lace Disc Bicycle Wheel Spokes Shimano's Way
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- Опубликовано: 22 авг 2020
- Shimano's recommended spoke lacing pattern for building disc bike wheels is trusted industry-wide. It's for standard J-bend spokes. Here's how it's done. #WheelTruing #JimLangley #BicycleAficionado
Wheel building lacing theory can be confusing. If what you see here makes no sense, I have another wheel video that will help explain the terminology: • Bicycle-Wheel Spoke Te...
In the background at the start is a great old cover from my collection showing Raleigh wheel builders hard at work long before disc wheels.
The thing about Shimano disc lacing is, because the front and rear wheels use different spoke patterns, disc lacing can be confusing. I find that if I stop and think about what's creating the force on the spokes on the wheel I'm lacing, I never get confused about how to lace it.
DISC FRONT WHEELS
Here's what Shimano recommends. I'll start with the FRONT wheel first since it's simpler and easier to remember.
Keep in mind that the major force on front wheels comes from the disc rotor. When braking, the rotor is gripped by the brake pads. Since the wheel is going forward the brake force pulls back on the rotor.
Because you only have to counter this braking force on front wheels, on the Drive Side AND the Non-Drive Side of the wheel the Leading spokes are heads-in. That way, when braking, the spokes on both sides of the hub with their bends supported by the hub flanges optimize the resistance to the braking force.
FRONT DISC LACING is a Symmetrical lacing pattern (also called mirror-image lacing).
DISC REAR WHEELS
With rear wheels, there are major forces on both sides - on the drive side from the pedaling forces and the non-drive side is just like the front hub. The force comes from the disc brake rotor.
Because both sides need to be laced to resist that side's specific force direction, for the Drive Side: Trailing spokes are heads-in to handle the forces of pedaling.
And, as you probably already figured out, on the Non-Drive Side you copy what's on the front wheel, with the leading spokes heads in.
REAR DISC LACING is an Asymmetrical lacing pattern (also called identical lacing).
I hope this quick tip helps you in your wheelbuilding. And please add your tips and any questions in the comments below.
My other wheel-building related videos
● How to Build Bicycle Wheels the Easy Way
• How To Build Bicycle W...
● Basic bicycle wheel terminology explained:
• Bicycle-Wheel Spoke Te...
● How to find or calculate the right spoke lengths
• 5 Ways to FIND THE RIG...
● Ways to keep spokes tight so your wheels stay true
• Bicycle Wheel Building...
● All about spoke tensiometers and if you need one
• Do You Need A SPOKE TE...
● My new wheel truing stand, Park Tool's TS-4.2
• Park Tool's Easy to Us...
● How to fix aero spokes that were twisted during building
• Fixing Bladed Spoke Tw...
● Pro-tip: how to align hub labels with the valve:
• Wheel Building Pro Tip...
● How to build wheels faster with a driver bit
• Build Bicycle Wheels F...
● Shimano's lacing pattern for disc brake bike wheels:
• How to Lace Disc Bicyc...
● How to inspect a pair of new wheels:
• ICAN Chinese Carbon Bi...
☼ The wheel building tools I show, use and mention. I put links below. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases (there's no added cost to you).
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► For hubs, rims & spokes, I use
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☼ Read my free weekly Jim's Tech Talk column:
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☼ My bicycle wheelbuilding articles that complement this video:
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★ WATCH this video next for an overview of spoke and wheel terminology ruclips.net/video/4kVlmOjgdAs/видео.html
As always Jim has a handy way to remember.
Thanks for watching and the great comment Matt, appreciate it! 🙏
Great video! Makes perfect sense when you explain the method and the visual references helped enormously ! 👍👍
Neil H Thanks, Neil. I am happy to hear it was helpful. Appreciate you letting me know.
Need to do more reading before i actually building my first wheel. Thank you for the tip
Thanks for watching and the comment. In case you didn't see it already, fadrullah, I have a complete video on wheel building here ruclips.net/video/XUqul03hbZ8/видео.html
Where would I find the lacing steps for a Shimano asymmetrical rear disc wheel? I've only ever built symmetrical wheels.
Hi Keith - If you watch my video on building wheels here: ruclips.net/video/XUqul03hbZ8/видео.html (you can jump ahead to the lacing section if you don't want to watch the intro), I show lacing an asymmetrical pattern. Basically, you make a wheel asymmetrical when you begin lacing (putting in the spokes) the second side of the wheel. At that point, you choose whether to make that second set of spokes asymmetrical or symmetrical. If you lace by putting all the spokes in the hub first and then lace the spokes to the rim, then you will need to be sure to put the spokes in in an asymmetrical pattern when you load them all in the hub. I don't lace that way. I lace one side and then the other side. Hope this makes sense and you can do it. If not, please ask more questions and I'll try to help more. Thanks for watching and the comment/question!
Hi Jim, Fantastic video. Would it be also be the pattern to lace non-disc wheels?
Thanks a lot for the great comment, G, really happy you like the video. I appreciate you watching. Actually, I have another video where I explain how and why I use a different pattern for non-disc wheels, as do most pro wheel builders I know. Please check that out for a full explanation and I'm happy to answer any other questions: ruclips.net/video/4kVlmOjgdAs/видео.html Thanks again!
Are these HED wheels, if so we're they relaced. I'm noticing my HED disc wheels all have the opposite lacing pattern in the front and the drive side on the rear wheel. I'm looking at the eroica and arednnes wheelsets. Also, I'm guessing it's like you've said, there are all kinds of lacing patterns just make sure it's tensioned and true.
Hi Aaron! The wheels I show in the video are not HED wheels. They are wheels I built on HED hubs so that I can show the lacing pattern.
To try to see how HED builds their road disc wheels I visited their website, but the photos are such low quality that I cannot make out the spoke orientation. So, I couldn't tell if they use Shimano disc lacing.
If they do not, it's probably because they have their own theories on what's best. You are correct that not all wheel builders agree and that proper tensioning and truing are most important (assuming the hubs, spokes and rims are first rate, too).
I recommend and use Shimano's disc lacing pattern because I trust they've studied & tested it more than anyone else. Shimano's been making bicycle wheel parts since their founding in 1921. If you're interested, I talk more about wheel patterns in my other video on Spoke Terminology here: ruclips.net/video/4kVlmOjgdAs/видео.html Thanks a lot Aaron!
Why is heads-in better at resisting a force than heads-out?
Thanks for the question, dimar. On disc brake wheels, the heads-in spokes are oriented that way so that the bends of those spokes are supported by the hub flanges. It's the support from the hub that optimizes the spokes' ability to resist the force of braking on the front wheel and the force of braking and pedaling on the rear wheel. It's the same reason it's a good idea to make all the trailing spokes heads-in on non-disc rear wheels - so that all the spokes working the hardest are braced by the hub. Robert Wright in his book Building Bicycle Wheels, describes the work these spokes are doing as "shouldering the load" and compares it to a person pulling a load with a rope and putting the rope over their shoulder for support. I hope this helps explain. Thanks again!
Is this Shimano's spoke lacing pattern applicable to the ebike (1x lacing pattern, 1000W motor, disc brake, rear wheel drive)?
Thanks for watching and the question. Yes it’s for all disc brake wheels. But if you’re rebuilding a wheel (versus building one from scratch) you should study how that wheel was built carefully because motor wheels may have specific lacing requirements that you need to follow. They often use oversize spoke holes, spokes and nipples and they might have a certain spoke pattern chosen by the manufacturer of the motor. I would copy the original lacing pattern or if I didn’t know what it was I would reach out to the company that made the bike and ask how they build it just to be sure. Hope this helps.
Well after you explained this is the comments on an earlier video I made the effort to get the trailing spokes heads in on the rear drive side on the last pair of wheels I made (no disks). Not sure it makes much difference but might as well go the extra mile!
Good job, Ben and thanks for the comment. There are lots of theories on how best to lace non-disc wheels, too. The best source to read up on it and learn is the late Jobst Brandt's book The Bicycle Wheel. It's been out of print for awhile and is pretty expensive on Amazon as a used book. Luckily Ric Hjertberg at WheelFanatyk.com posted the entire book as a pdf here: www.dropbox.com/s/mbsx865uzz0s7jq/Bicycle_Wheel_-_Jobst_Brandt.pdf?dl=0 If you're interested, Jobst was a wheel engineer and the book is full of great wheel wisdom. Thanks again!
@@JimLangley1 Thanks! I remember Brandt from the rec.bicycles.tech newsgroup and used to quibble with him about the finer points of stress relieving wheels. Sad that he is no longer with us. I shall enjoy reading the book!
@@benc8386 I rode with Jobst and on a bike he was fascinating. He was interested in bike technology. But he was more into physics and all the other sciences. When you were rolling along he would point out plants and trees and talk about the tides and equations comparing the differences in effort to ride say roller type roads to flat roads (the benefit of having descents then climbs vs a flat road with neither). I would just listen to him talk and learn. I remember the rec group back in the day, too. In person he was inspirational. Not to mention he was a giant of a man riding a humongous most impressive yellow Ritchey bicycle. I feel lucky I knew him a little. I think you’ll enjoy reading his book, Ben. Fun chatting about this stuff!
@@JimLangley1 I'll second the Brandt book recommendation. I used it when learning the basics on classic C&V wheels.
What the hell is the leading or the trailing spikes and what's heads in it out.
One more quick question Jim. Before I knew about the "Shimano" way for disc wheels, I built a rear wheel with a symmetrical lacing (the leading spokes on the rotor flange are heads out rather than heads in). The wheel is for a commuter/gravel bike, not a downhill MTB bomber. Would you rebuild the wheel? I see tons of MTB wheels built this way.
Hi Keith, I would not rebuild the wheel because it's highly unlikely that the rider would ever feel any difference in performance. (Although if the rider complained about it and had paid me for the wheel and it was my mistake, I probably would relace it.) As you noticed there are all kinds of spoke lacing patterns on wheels out in the field and the most important things are that they are true, round and properly tensioned, not the lacing pattern. Doing it the Shimano way has become an industry standard for many pro wheel builders since Shimano is a components leader that does their homework. So it optimizes the lacing to support disc wheels. But, plenty of disc wheels laced other ways are out there and doing fine ;-) I hope this helps!
@@JimLangley1 Thank you Jim! I was loathe to rebuild it since it's pretty much perfect and I would have been bummed to take it apart.
Huh what was all that. German you were speaking leading end heads end crap. Speak common english for those that have no idea as to what you just said
Thanks for watching and the comment, Gypsy. I think you watched the wrong video of mine. Please watch this bicycle wheel building video in which I explain in common English all the terms I use in this video about a somewhat advanced lacing pattern: ruclips.net/video/XUqul03hbZ8/видео.html While it's not short, it does explain the basics of spokes, rims and lacing so that you'll understand. Happy to explain more if you have questions. Thanks again.