Our Paramecia Are Infected
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- Опубликовано: 28 сен 2024
- Thanks to Kiwi Co for supporting this episode! Get 20% off everything on the site - both subscriptions and everything in store by going to kiwico.com/mic... or use the promo code, MICROCOSMOS
We recently discovered some Holospora infecting one of our Paramecium samples. How does that happen? How does the Holospora get in there? And how are they so successful at infecting?
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When I read that paper years ago, I thought I would never be able to find Holospora, and here we are making an episode about them! Life is surely full of surprises. 😂
-James
Your new scope is amazing, thanks for sharing your passion!
At 400x how does it look so bright but detailed I have a swift 350b
Edit: and at 600x
congrats, you deserve it ^-^
Not sure you'll ever see this comment but will having this microscope help any research you're working on (if you are) or enable you to contribute to a paper yourself? (Or is that something you're interested in?)
i have to mention this again: the new microscope is so incredibly gorgeous, thank you so much for these pictures!
Right? SO much depth to the images!
It freaks me out you don’t even think about it but we are covered and filled with these little tiny animals. Super cool love his channel
@@theykilledjoel1496 and they are covered and filled with their own little things :D
Rhagius right! So strange
Technology is amazing!!! Imagine how good those will be in a few years!:D
I've always thought parasitism could morph into mutualism or symbiosis- yes, you're taking advantage of your host, but if your host isn't doing well you aren't either so it benefits you to help your host if you can.
Parasitism is already a form of symbiosis. The concept you are talking about is called "optimal virulence," and while it usually results in the evolution of commensalism or beneficial mutualism (including endosymbiosis) in organisms, it has also resulted in the opposite. There are multiple strategies that maximize the fitness of parasites, and it does not always require a living host (in the same way that it does not always require a dead host). The goal after all, is that they reproduce and spread to a new host (while also competing with each other), not merely long-term survival. If they can do that better by killing or severely injuring the host, then higher virulence will be positively selected, and vice versa.
Angry Kittens, parasitoids are a prime example.
Either that or they just use you up for all the resources they can and then when there's nothing left of you they just go search for a new host doesn't get much less labor-intensive
I'm sure this is where gut flora came from.
Certainly the parasites which take the vertical transmission path, dependent on infecting their host's offspring, which have maximum incentive to keep their host healthy enough to breed.
Excuse me... I'll be over here, getting my mind blown by the idea of the billions of life-or-death struggles going on all around me...
I know, it's a real trip. And to think we have been part of that struggle, as well.
In, on, and around. A weird perspective an old man once shared with me completely reformed my view on life. We are merely the pilots of our meat vehicles. We are the, for lack of a better word, shepherds of a vast array of environments for countless organisms.
SoulReaver846 who's to say that we pilot it? Free will is quite the assumption. (I'm just here to enrich your existential crisis.)
They are battling all over you . On Your hands , in your eye fluid , between your toes lol they're everywhere !!! Lol
Its weird to me to think that death is so inextricably involved in every waking moment, this life is beautifully chaotic.
That video quality be looking C R I S P and F I N E
It's that DIC microscopy
it could be CRISPR though, no? Ok I'll see myself out...
I love the new microscope, this is amazing. Everything looks more three dimensional than before.
6:55 Just LOOK at those little guys squishing around.
I was thinking about that clip too: the Paramecia must've got stuck during the slide assembly
I prefer the old microscope because you can see everything spin and rotate easier. The current one looks like 2D cutouts in 4K. I really don't get what people mean by it looking more 3D. It looks more detailed sure, but more 3D? No.
The definition and contrast are extraordinary. Those cilia are so clear as are the internal organelles. Just fantastic - I could watch those beautiful paramecia for hours :-)
I am constantly reminded that every life is trying to survive and thrive even if it might look harmful from another perspective.
Exactly. And it's important to understand, because there's a common fallacy to think of nature as a harmonious system where every species has its own "purpose", as if "Nature" were a holistic entity trying to keep itself from changing and those niches were predestined and unchanging. In reality, every species is constantly "trying" to evolve a reproductive advantage, and that starts with individuals of the same species (and their individual genes) competing with each other. Evolution isn't about maximizing harmony; it's about incessant competition.
imagine nature could "think&talk" like we do....
how much they would HATE humans!
3:05 It's incredible how similar their movement and reactions are to roombas.
i mean paramecium are good at detecting whats in front of the even without eyes, so yeah
roombas do that too
A friend of mine bought me a plushie-paramecium for a silly b-day gift. It's sorta cute and 'he' adorns my bedroom wall. I recommend plushie microbes.
Lemme guess, giant microbes?
Those are really cool, i have the Amoeba, the Copepod and the Krill
@@alphaamoeba Yep! Giant Microbes is the maker- I had to look it up. Glad I got the Paramecium, it's the cutest I think.
I got a cold from them. I need to get my best friend a C. difficile since she’s battled it a couple of times.
Are they waiting to create a SARS-CoV-2 plushie?
@@evilsharkey8954 no offense to everyone's life the virus has affected (aka the whole world),
but yeah SARS-COV2 is really cute and pretty lol
This is what happens when Paramecia aren't taught to wash their hands at an early stage of development
*wash their cilia
FTFY
@@Fabonj wow, it was clearly a joke
ASMarred, I think he was adding to the joke.
@@rockflageagle3870 I know, and I thought it was funny, so I decided to add something that I thought was kinda funny :)
@@rockflageagle3870 id bet my ass to a toenail clipping that "being taught to was their _cilia"_ was meant to be a joke as well.
The music really adds to your videos, especially this one for some reason. Excellent job.
I've been wanting a channel or playlist with just this sort of music since the start of this channel. Especially 8 to 10 hour long videos to listen to while going to sleep. 👍
@@cycoholic This might not be exactly what you're looking for but it reminding me of this: ruclips.net/video/Ku1lWU3zX8w/видео.html
Maybe by their Patreon you can get full soundtrack.
@@cycoholic It's not a channel or a playlist but check out Plux Quba by Nuno Canavarro. Mindblowingly, it's from 1988
@@kurenan4564 Had a short listen, worth further investigating. Thank you! 👍
That’s very cool that your sample was contaminated in such an interesting way and that it was recognized from an old photograph. Please consider putting together a compilation video of the little creatures moving around slowly with that lovely background music. Sometimes I just like to look at them.
You should head over to Patreon
Big fleas have smaller fleas,
Upon their backs to bite 'em;
And little fleas, still smaller fleas,
And so on, ad infinitem.
It’s fleas all the way down
Which flea do we reside on
the 43th one
Love the way they say, "and if you want to view more content from us, there might be a subscribe button nearby somewhere".
Haven't regretted it since the first video of Stentor I saw.
I’m still trying to find that mysterious subscribe button that they keep talking about since the first episode. They say it’s somewhere nearby but I’ve been all around my neighborhood twice already.
@@GordonFreechmen Oh well damn sir, why don't you ask a neighbourhood good boy, they might help you out.
Don't worry. It's actually super small but there are hundreds all over their videos. You have probably already clicked it.
The paramecium at 7:00 seem to be stuck and are trying to get out. They act almost exactly like a bug in a cup or in confinement. They just scramble until they get out, i dont know if that has any significant meaning but its weird to see even the smallest organisms are still just tiny ass bugs
'cuz they be equally dead ass stupid
this post was made by big brain gang
Like a roomba bouncing around till it escapes
Does the infected paramecia actually feel a general sense of malaise? Does it spend the afternoon binge watching Netflix? Does its mother paramecia bring it some chicken soup? These questions are yet unanswered...
Nah, it eats primordial soup.
Beautiful videography and stunning DIC. Very nice description of Holospora, too!
That new scope is seriously off the frikken chain ! Such clarity and magnification quality, beautiful.
Omg.. That image @1:00 is just fascinating.. I love it
I think it is so cool that some paramecia can benefit from infection. Reminds me a lot of other endosymbiotic relationships, and makes me wonder how many times this has led to new organelles or other symbiotic relationships.
This is my new favorite channel and im just some random mouthbreather. Inb4 telescope so powerful you can see legitimate micro-universes
Aren't all of us just trying to get by, in the only world we know how to survive in...
Nifty video! And the new imagery is JUST BEAUTIFUL
Even the little invaders are strangely elegant and lovely. Well done!
How do the holospora escape vacuoles if they can't move? Also, if they can't survive outside the host, how do they get eaten in the first place?
Good questions. I was wondering the same thing. Explaining all the nitty-gritty details might have made for a longer, less entertaining video, though.
They probably chemically trigger a response that separates them into a separate, non-food vacuole and then ride a microtubule into their desired organelle.
"If only that world wasn't another organism."
- As I sit here eating a peach, feet firmly placed on the Earth.
well u ate a "dead" fruit there.... not like u crawled up an elephants butt & call it home!
Kudos to James for his epic footage!
That one downvote is a stentor not being mentioned
Your videos deserve atleast 10 million views! I'm going to share your channel with very biologist I know! ❤️
P.S. I recognized hank greens voice in the first 10 seconds!
02:01 I swear I thought he said the discovering scientist's name was Voldemort 😱😂
So, what infects Holospora!?!
Great video, beautiful imagery.
I have so many questions.
What's happening to the Paramecium when there are small smooth bubbles near the creatures edge? They seem to inflate and deflate.
The new images are spectacular. I had no idea microscope tech was so good. Thank you.
*Next video: Our coronavirus is infected*
That would be nice 😂
just shine UV lights at it and its dead
@@TheGeckoNinja but then people will start seeing man stains everywhere bro who wants to see that 😂
😂😂😂😂🤣
@hawkturkey yep
MORE awesome images from the new DIC microscope! Wonderful!
Thanks for the beautiful episode as always!
07:51 Very sleepy Paramecium trying to stay awake after a long day of wriggling about doing Paramecium stuff
In no other place i saw microlife images beautiful like these
I don't know if people here use to address this topic but the videos soundtrack are just amazing. The images are great, the texts are very compelling but the song make it all more magical. The musics are made specific for each video, rigtht? Congratulations Andrew Huang!
Hey i know this is an informative channel and may have younger viewers but can you show the microscopy of what’s on a cannabis plant 💯💯🙏🏾 i would love this!! Does anyone else agree? 🤔🤔
My favorite science toy was a decent microscope I had as a kid. Thinking of buying a microscope now that we have LED lighting that's brighter and cooler with better optics and video capture options that are affordable.
Wow. The images are SO SHARP! This is really cool and extremely bingeable. Reminds me of when I was in elementary school and all o watched was Animal Planet, Discovery Channel, and History Channel. Love it!
PANTOFELEK! Stary druchu! (It's in polish, Paramecium is the first microorganism which children learn about in 4th grade in Poland :) Chers!)
Can you make a video on how to culture microbes. Like how to get a culture started, how to maintain them.
Yessss please
In general, I used to take petri-dishes to the opera but due to the pandemic, they instead have to watch on RUclips. They develop a cultured smugness within a few days, and it is maintained fairly well by playing classical music.
Serious answer: It is dependent on the microbe. If you don't care what is cultured, just put some pond mud and pond water in a jar. Specific microbes require specific things.
That's a good idea for a video
getting a culture started is incredibly easy because microbes are everywhere. Just swab your mouth or take a soil or water sample from anywhere. The conditions needed to maintain the microbes probably differ between different microbes.
Limi V yeah that’s true but I want to culture certain microbes like tardigrades, stentors, or vortichella. And I don’t know what to feed some microbes to maintain a culture.
George Sconyers putting pond water in a jar and sealing it is called a sealed ecosphere. I’ve done that and found lots of microbes.
In Sweden, we call Paramecia "Toffeldjur".
"Slipper-Animals". Because they look like tiny little slippers, I suppose.
Furthermore, you have a very calming and pleasant voice. Like Bob Ross with a microscope.
many countries do the exact same thing
@@huleyn135 Neat! I wonder who started it? My money's on Greece. They love naming things after other things.
The best channel in RUclips. Thanks!
Love the quality if the video
This microscope is crazy. Around 2:23 was the first time microorganisms seemed more like animals to me instead of a mindless moving cells.
So cool that how researchers back in the day set the path towards vaccins against diseases.
Thank you for always taking us on these journeys.
Currently studying about Protists including Paramecium so this is a very nice studybreak
get well soon little guys!
LOVE THE NEW CONTRAST!!! Even though watching them turn and twist at 7:00 reminded me of Calvin from LIFE, which brought on the both the heebies and the jeebies. More please!
This remind me to endosymbiotic hypothesis, to explaining the existence of unique genome of mitochondria and chloroplasts within many eukaryotic life: an ancient prokaryote being swallowed by ancient eukaryote and not being digested, while consuming some nutrients yet not to the point threatening life of the eukaryote in question. Eventually those ancient prokaryote lost the ability to life independently and become mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Beautiful work!
New microscope is the bees knees
Great video images and story. I love this channel. One correction - Paramecium does ingest food by phagocytosis.
This is one of only two channels where I’m fighting the bad habit of clicking like *_before_* watching! 😂
12 mins 1.4k views and 156 likes... perfect example of how everything hank touches turns to gold. Hanks a youtube pimp with the midas touch!
Some of the footage is so good it looks fake. This microscope is amazing!
These little videos are great, really reawakening my interest in microbiology. AND THAT SCOPE, aaaaagh... I really need a DIC scope. If I can manage it one way or another, I'll go for it.
The new microscope really makes a difference in detail. I was mesmerized to the point of an almost meditative state.
Wish i could see paramecium fight with macrophages!
It would be a **LEGENDARY FIGHT!**
Woah the cam actually showing pores opening and closing
It really is kind of wild that James’ samples ended up being infected as we’re all dealing with Covid 19.
Even viruses can get viruses, sometimes. What a world.
AMAZING Video!!!
You have a really nice voice ❤️
Oooo...... what a delicious treat this channel is. 😁💕
Congrats on the sponsor! How fast are the clips being played back?
Can you guys do a video on mitochondria?
This sounds like a horror movie for paramecium. Cool episode as always! I love seeing all the different footage of these microbes, and am very excited to see more!🙂
New camera rocks!!
If channels like this existed back when I was in High school I probably would have been way more interested in science.
Kiwi Co. For when the money RUclips gives you isn’t enough, and the money people give you on patreon isn’t enough.
The microscopic footage, the voice of this man and how he explains everything is just like a BBC earth documentary.
Who else got a shiver through them at 1:49.
Can't help but wonder if our mitochondria were once a a vertically proliferating parasite that became symbiotic...
Beautiful. Thank you so much.
Get well soon
Are these videos in HDR? They look gorgeous on my HDR screen!
The DIC microscope really shows off those contractile vacuoles!
Andrew Huang setting the mood nicely.
AMAZING visuals
This video highlights what I’ve been hoping this channel could become
4:04 Could it be that they don't choose their target, rather selecting whichever they happen upon first?🤔
Can you guys do a video on what happens to bacteria under UVC light?
*How horrifying!*
Hi, what are the smaller organisms that are swimming with the paramecium? For instance at 3:03.
Help would be greatly appreciated.
This was super cool
is it horizontal transmission for the parasites that have multiple host and get eaten? like the one that is in snails and birds. birds eat the snails and snails eat the bird poop?
Also how does this endosymbiosis work. How do they find the algae or are they passed on and at what point is it not considered a different species like plasmids in plants?
I noticed that at ca 7.30 there is some movement within the otherwise still paramecium. I don't know much about microbiology (yet!!) so can anyone tell me what it was?
Also I just recently found the channel and love it, thank you!
What are the bubbles that keep forming and disappearing inside the paramecium? The ones I noticed seemed to each have 2 of them.
That called contractile vacule
I think I witnessed this a day or two ago, haha awesome!
How do holospora keep track of their precious hosts? I would assume it is not advantageous to infect the same paramecium with slowed growth
God Bless Everyone
I honnestly would like to know what the reason of that single person was to downvote this video. Was it too boring? Does he know better? Being a curious mind but not a professional in that field it's always mesmerizing to see what's going on thousands of times arround us but never will be seen by plain sight. You one person, tell me what's to dislike about those videos, please.
You know they are trolls right
@@latioswarr3785 Sure there are but maybe there's some legit reason to dislike the video. Dunno. At least I would assume that trolls don't watch such quality content.
Why is it that some of the paramecium look very flat and still, and others look much more plump and 3D and like they’re able to swim around in space? Can you change the depths of your slide cover?
Gorgeous footage🔬 When you care about the Paramecium being sick😭
How do food vacuoles digest what's inside but not themselves?
Love these videos
2:50 Traffic in New Delhi.
Very interesting!