Scorpio X no... I just wanted to know how CPU works xD but I also play Minecraft sometimes ;) and I'm not really into redstone... My biggest creation was an "escape" map with maybe 5 chambers with redstone circuts...
Blair Group my unlikely scenario was a sign of sarcasm. do you really have such an IQ? you cannot even solve the pitiful sarcasm that I implemented in the sentence. but I won't hold it against you, RUclips comments are horrible as they cannot show if a person is being genuine or not.
Just understand that ram and Cpu get data from each other and when the binary numbers are added together they create memory and it gets stored on the cpu
I'm a software engineer with several years experience. I've always had a vague idea of what these components do, but I've never been able to wrap my head around how they do it. Your explanation was so eloquent yet concise that these concepts that have always escaped me suddenly clicked and made perfect sense. Great video!
In 1974 when the first computer had a 4bit operative system, coding and decoding binary codes each one at a time...watching this in your 16 core 64 bite CPU running windows crap 10 processing shit at 64 bit all at the same time?!?!?!?! We are going to get kill by computers in less than 10 years
@@darylallen2485 That was NOT the guy... He was just a clever academic that summarized and abstracted other peoples constructions or designs, and got far to much credit for it. One of the first that actually designed and built a fully programmable CPU and computer from scratch was the German Civil Engineer Konrad Zuse, in the 1930s.
@@DineSpack my CPU is a ryzen 2200g with a base clock of 3.5ghz (3.5 billion times per second) and i can overclock to about 3.9 ghz (3.9 billion times per second)
@@TheValorantGuy Years. These cpus are product of a shit ton of years and research that involved thousands of people, they are so complex because of all the work they have behind.
@@johnpro2847 it's a maze, if the electricity follows a specific path it reaches point were lets say for example that lights turn on and we see those lights and understand what is means, how? When you see what i wrote here its because of the lights or should i say pixels that are tunred on , its a siple black and white background, if we want colors it's the the same process, great now you can see images too.
Right off the get go my mind froze. When he made the statement about the clock turning on and off two times per second on the 6502 chip, I was okay. Then when he said that modern CPU's turn off and on billions of times per second...that is when I lost it. I cannot envision a second divided into a billion parts. That fact in and of itself is damn near magic to me. Oh, I can understand it at an academic level. A chip running at 5 Ghz is 5 billion times per second. Okay, moving on...It's the visualization of that process that really ties up my noodle in knots. Almost magic to me!
Täking Thë High Roäd Please don't read up anything on the upcoming game No Man's Sky then, especially its number of fully explorable planets... you'll die of a sudden aneurysm.
+Täking Thë High Roäd There are many subjects in technology and science that you have to understand that your intuition would not be capable of simply "getting it". You intuition is flawed for the modern world. I can't imagine a light flash on for one billionth of a second, but I don't care, all I know is that 1 billion of those flashes put together would be a light staying on for a second, if I even wanted to bring it near to something I could intuitively get. Or I could not care, and I don't and just say it happens a billion times a second. Once you let go of your intuition you can carry on to quantum mechanics.
This video just leaves me with even more questions. Like how does the control unit work? How does the cpu know when to do what? I mean it cannot think by itself so how does that work. Also how is a program I wrote processed. I can't even explain my questions
+Toxicz There is something called a Program Counter (PC), that reads all the instructions and sends them to registers and CPU accoridngly. CPU actually knows nothing, it just reads a Program Counter (PC) and does what it PC tells him to. Your second question: The program you wrote in some form of programming language is first being compiled, than it is translated to a machine code(a language that computer can read), and from than on it does what i wrote you at the begining. Hope this helped
+Toxicz rewatch the video =D it explains most of your doubts. The CPU knows when to do what because of certain instructions, instructions that are coded and specified with each algorithm.
+Toxicz The control unit knows what to do for each instruction with a series of decoders (one for each instruction type) which only activate if the instruction matches a specific binary code. For example if the instruction has a code (lets say 2, which would be 00000010 in the register) that means to jump to a new position, it would know that it is a jump command because there would be a dedicated circuit in the control unit that would only be activated if the appropriate instruction was in the cpu. Beyond this it gets into logic gates and if you want to know how all that works, I would look at redstone tutorials (yes redstone, from minecraft) as redstone is basically binary circuitry in disguise. As to how it knows when to do what, it uses a rising edge mono-stable circuit (getting into logic gates, basically a circuit that makes an electrical pules on the activation of its input wire but does not do anything more until its input is turned off and on again) and a falling edge mono-stable circuit (activates on the input turning off) hooked up to the clock wire so it does half of its functions when the clock goes on and the other half when it turns off. The mono stable-circuits are often hooked up to the various set wires of the registers through an and gate with the other wire connected to the output of the binary decoder that detects if the right instruction is activated. Hope that helps and is readable.
And that is right. You can't study such things in 5 minutes, there are thousands of pages in books explaining details. Anyway, it's tens of years of experience.
This video made it very clear to me from a distant observing point. I studied electrical engineering and I was introduced to digital systems, transistors, logic gates, registers, etc .. also I have a programming background but I couldn't fit all of these information in a proper way that allows me to understand how a CPU might work. Now I can say I could make it to the first 1% of computer engineering and I'm depressed.. note that the video talked about building blocks like (ALU, CONTROL UNIT etc) there is more hell inside!
You don't need to understand basics in assembly langauge to understand this. You need to understand this to understand basics in assembly langauge though.
I have studied it in detail when i was doing my engineering, but I really loved the way you explained it so well in 20 mins, when I first saw the title I wasn't expecting it to be this good. Great Job !!!! Will checkout other videos on this channel too
Hey, I can kinda assume that you're Indian from the name but I'm sry if you're not, but I've just finished my secondary education and I would give anything to learn these things in all the detail there is, so can you just tell me the name of the course or which places I have to look at ? Thanx
My computer architecture teacher should show this presentation in class. We student literally don't have any idea what's going on inside it. I always thought it's beyond my comprehension to understand how CPU works only scientists can exactly know. That person should be called talent who explain better than other. You are one of them 👌
When I first saw this video, I was really confused, but after learning Computer Science Principles and building my own pc, and watching it again, I can get a general idea of how it works. Thank You!
Damn good video, i need to recommend this to my friend, he always couldnt sleep, after i watch this last night, i fall asleep before the video ends, please make more of these.
Saw this video about 4 years ago and I didn't understand a single thing. Saw it today thinking '' Hey maybe i'm smarter now and I'll understand it ''...............I'll come back In 4 years
It started off very simple. A simple class in electronics would give you what you need to start designing your own processor. Remember that these engineers were developing something that didn't even exist, and when they did develop it, it was revolutionary but crap compared to modern processors. It was not one man that invented it in one space of time, but millions of people over many years.
yea its kinda like cars. The first car was horrible but it revolutionized modern society today. You could literally WALK faster than the first car invented, but ofcourse over many years (which isnt even that long) we now have super amazing cars that can go as fast as airplanes at takeoff speed. It is amazing!
It's like car engines and transmissions. It started very simple back in the old days so that every blacksmith could repair it but every generation added more and more stuff to make it more powerful and efficient so that nowadays you feel stupid if you watch videos that explain how modern engines and transmissions work.
Now I feel sad for overclocking my CPU .. I feel like i'm trying to make a labor worker to make me coffee and dance while doing his job at the same time :'(
50 years ago I was writing assembler language programs using all the move (MVC), branch and load instructions necessary to create a program. This video sure would have been helpful to me for understanding how the hardware responded to my wishes. It was a bonus to see the scripture at the end - what a wonderful surprise! Blessings to you!
Kishore G. originally I built alu units out of just connecting and gates because I knew that would work. of course, I learned about xor gates later on. you can build a computer just by messing around, it just takes time
Minecraft deserves some credit for this, now that I think about it. It's a game with two basic building blocks out of hundreds, redstone and redstone torches that could be used to make a computer that can actually run a game. I wonder if it would be possible to create a computer in minecraft that could possibly even run a version of minecraft in 1080x1920 resolution, it would take years to build (or using a native plugin, you could have it built for you, like the one used to recreate the Netherlands in minecraft.)
This is what my teacher told me to study for my project even though my project is only to make a digital voltmeter. Idk if I could be able to redescribe those information in my report but you have my appreciation regardless. Thank you
I think this might be the best teacher I've ever come across my entire life. Most teachers are ruining every subject in existence by not being able to explain it so that students actually understand.
What a mind blowing video.. eye opener what a miracle computers are... Ohhh thanks frak for nerds and geeks, being laughed at, inventing the most miraculous and most important technologies for human kind. My mind just cannot percieve the insane rate of all of this happening and much more on todays even cheapest CPUs and all so easily accesible and portable. Fantastic..Thank you for the video.
+Mikee CZ yeah, electronics is pretty much the only industry where the improvement is exponential. Moore's law is pretty nuts and it went farther than anyone predicted. And now some of these complicated integrated systems cost only a few cents to produce and sell to you.
Moore's law was merely an observation, and it was only made possible by the process engineers being able to shrink down the chips so much. Over the decades it's been repeated said that Moore's law was in trouble due to the problems inherent in lower process nodes, yet there were a large number of innovations in order to keep it going.
Been an arcade tech for 30 years and at 51, i'm just now learning EXACTLY what's happening on my old school arcade boards. This is fascinating, and I may watch it a few more times, but the break down is specifically what i've been looking for, instead of here's a thing and this is what it does videos I keep coming across.
@@llllllllllllllIIlIllIIllIIIIll Define creator. The primitive tribal attempt to understand the unintelligible complexity of the universe by a benign creator is patently absurd and utterly anachronistic. Accept that we currently have inadequate data to allow us to have a clue and hope that the clever 1% of our transient species are allowed to continue to search for data before we are inevitably cleansed from what remains of our planet.
@@awol6574 I said Computer Engineering. That's what I studied by the way. And of course it's better to take the semester course, but this video is a great summary.
@@felipebrunetta2106 i consider the life before social media and involvement in screen and after that , its pretty common now to lost in self thinking and ideal life inside mind then doing anything in reality . i also consider the data business of big companies and how they are making sure that people will stick to their phones more and more. i also consider the modern values and morality for money making (which is not good actually) and most important i consider the effects on environment . how in current system a dead tree is more worth then living, a dead whale is more valuable. people who do that don't like it but their already good and big image in society and profit make them ignorant . ignorance nowdays is More harmful than wars
This was my world I work for AT&T and I will electronic switching systems for fiber optic systems this was my area of expertise where I felt the most at home, we used a 64-bit instruction containing data. Great explanation for somebody that was never exposed to the CPUs I apologize for voice recognition.
I have to watch this at twice the original speed for my learning nature(...) but, the voice has a very good pitch and tone for studying, and not hurting my hyperacutic ears or putting me to sleep. Thank you for that. I was confused for most of this., but the entire knowledge of this video is now somewhere into my subconscious stream. Will watch again sometime.
Thank you so much for the knowledge you’re sharing. I’ve took so many courses , computer architecture, integrated circuits ,multiple Assembly language , etc , etc and this video just puts all pieces together 👌🏿🙏🏿🙌🏿
Sometimes I feel like you could just literally teach yourself Computer Science/Engineering and landing a job without getting a degree. Both the software and hardware aspects of computers are really cool.
You are absolutely right, I have a Computer Science BA and when I compare the videos I watch in youtube with the College classes, the videos provide a more concise information and it clear all the doubts I had in the classes better than the Professors. College degree is for getting a better pay and position but what really works are the certifications, A+, Network + and Security+ from CompTia. These are the best certifications if you want to get good job as Computer IT.
underrated comment but that kinda true , this happens a lot during classes , when my mind says lets take this seriously now and then i look at the board and realize its too late now
Because of this particular video (And also the book), I had no problem in Computer Architeture course in my Computer Engineer course. Thanks for sharing yout knowledge.
Brilliant! This is the lesson I should have had in the '80s studying computer science. If I had I would never have lost interest. (I lost interest because they never went into enough low-level detail and did not answer my questions when I wanted to know more. Everything was given as "just-so" answers. I think my CS teachers didn't truly understand the subject.)
Mark Jones computer science and computer engineering are two fields that overlap enough to make you believe they are the same, but yet are distinct. Computer Science is more concerned with the mathematical and logical questions about “what can we compute?” Right away we think digital machines, but the question is more high level and can be abstracted away from digital computers. Pragmatically it usually means computer scientist know software and computer engineers know the hardware than implements the “magic computation box”..
Absolutely brilliant explanation! Thank you so much! Side note: The not-so-subtle indoctrination sentiment at the end was completely unnecessary. As a technologist, I would of hoped that you have grown past the imaginary, but we all still have things we need to work on.
i don't care how advance an outer alien civilization can be compared to us, this is science ficition to me. I understand about computers but how a CPU works... as Steve Jobs would say "it's magical".
Read up on transistors and stuff and it'll make a little more sense =) I think I got the basics now myself. It's still damned complicated and you'd have to have an overview of increadibly many things for a program to make sense all the way, but I think we could make something like say a basic text adventure game with this kind of logic fairly "easily" =) (As in if you picture every single bit in your mind and remember it all then you might actually manage to follow what happens)
Well... You kind of can get something like this if you think of a grid where you have an input a set number of true or false statements in one end and get a set of true or false statement in the other end by having each step check if the previous one where two true statements, two false statements or one of each. Given the input pattern you get a set exit pattern. Now imagine that you have a input pattern not given by a input you control but predetermined (by software) and that this changes based on the exit output from the last step in the process. That's basically all a CPU really is. It really just checks input patterns to give an exit pattern and that ends up in memory/storage to give it new input patterns again. With one input pattern you might get an exit pattern like say light up one light bulb and with another you turn it given the stored input it's compared against. That's done for every single pixel on your screen with predetermined patterns of signals at predetermined "intervals" (not really but meh) will trigger a output signal equaling a complex on and of pattern on your screen like say the letter A. Now add another "CPU" like your graphics card that process the output and compare it with other output at a different point in the code and you can get something even more complex out of it, like a pyramid shape calculated and then calculated how it would look when seen in 2D (on a screen) and then calculated into pixels turned on or off... You get the picture I think...
I hope that made it a little easier to imagine... I can try to find some videos on here to show you the concepts I'm talking about later. But really, a computer is really, really dumb. It just does millions upon millions upon millions of tiny calculations so fast that it seems smart even if it isn't. Ps. I get it if this don't make sense right now. I kind of wish I could talk to you in person for a couple of hours, I think I'd be able to make it make sense for you then.
It's not magical, it's materialistic like all of reality. It is therefore easily described scientifically and it's theoretical foundations is basically mathematics, certainly able to be learned and not that difficult. Since it's mathematically oriented, it comes as as unfamiliar jargon to most people.
Gaius Caerulius Verus Yeah, just hard to explain it in a simple fashion. Been trying lately to do so with a room with two light switches and two people using a code to communicate through the light switch, using the light to help them decide what setting on the switch to use next. Not sure if that's good enough...
This is great! The only thing missing for me (though there could be a very good reason for that) is an explanation of how all this relates to what we talk about we talk about processors today. Namely cores and threads.
I recently got the book, it’s amazing how a thing you can hold in your hand can do complex things like those. Really nice video, this way we can make the computer world known among even more people!!
For those who have a hard time understanding this, i suggest you to learn how binary gates work, how does a simple calculator functions, if something use minecraft, there are plenty of binary gates/calculator tutorials to follow and you can see them working in real time. Practically, to make it easy, look at those units inside the cpu as little calculators made to process input data in specific ways. Once you know how a calculator works, this video wont be hard to follow and understand.
***** To make it really simplistic, lets say you're a cpu trying to build a ikea furniture (the cpu is now executing some program's function), you first fetch the data from the box (ram) that tells you to pick up the building instructions inside it ( these are instructions that the said program made the cpu save in the ram earlier when the user started it), those instruction will tell you how to access and what to do with the parts (other data in the ram like previous inputs from the program). I know it may be a weird and confusing analogy, but look at ram as a folder that the cpu will use to either save "data" in form of documents but also inventory lists that show him where to find those documents "the memory addresses" and post-its that tell him it to do something with those documents later "instructions".
Blox117 I guess i could use another analogy, look at ram as a folder cabinet, to access it you need to stand up, go there, open it, take the document you need, close it and go back to your desk, now look at the cache as a drawer in your desk, you just open it, take the document you need and close it. You wont be able to store as many documents inside your desk as you do with a cabinet, but you can access them really fast. Now to make ram as fast as cache, you would need a ludicrously big desk, it would be be a mess to manage all those documents so close to you. Even tho its slower, the folder cabinet in your office room is still the best way to store and organize a lot of easily accessible of data. The hard drive is the library downstairs.
I mean, what a piece of art is the CPU itself and interaction between CPU - RAM is! I watched this video and thought. Damn! So hard to grasp. Why is it so hard to understand? My answer is that such a complex innovation didn't appear overnight. Thousands and thousands of the most clever people on the planet worked on this idea throughout many decades! So, now I've made piece with myself. This is truely the most important innovation on the planet so far. Good night!
a very clear and easy explanation, even a dumb shite like me can totally absorb its info, this video uses a mixture of common knowledge and slightly advanced knowledge to slowly bring the viewers into understanding the basic of a cpu step by step, any 18-30 yr old should hav no problem understanding it, i appreciate this video so much
No. The address and the data being transferred can't both be on the bus at the same time, but both are needed by RAM at the same time. The memory address register provides the address temporarily for ALL accesses to and from RAM -- not just instructions. The data from or to that address is then transferred on the bus.
@7:20 May I please ask to reconfirm myself that the instruction sets will ignore the new address and move on to the next instruction if the comparison condition does not meet?
You are the gift from God! Thank you so much from the bottom of my heart for making this remarkable amazing video. You make my imposter syndrome of "How a computers work" disappear. You are a Hero man
![I.N "HALLUCINATION" | [Stray Kids : SKZ-PLAYER]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/n5B5q1Hwt_U/mqdefault.jpg)
Thanks! I still don't understand it, but now I know what exactly I don't understand
+Yenchey lol.. at least you know somethin xD
Scorpio X no... I just wanted to know how CPU works xD but I also play Minecraft sometimes ;) and I'm not really into redstone... My biggest creation was an "escape" map with maybe 5 chambers with redstone circuts...
+Yenchey i think the author of that book asked this guy to make the video un-understandable so that his book sells more.
1:42
Blair Group my unlikely scenario was a sign of sarcasm.
do you really have such an IQ? you cannot even solve the pitiful sarcasm that I implemented in the sentence.
but I won't hold it against you, RUclips comments are horrible as they cannot show if a person is being genuine or not.
+zues121510 if you can't identify a RUclips comment is genuine then how could anybody distinguish sarcasm then?
My little brother once asked me how does a computer work. So I showed him this video. He never asked me anymore.
bahaha
Lol
He probably built one under his bed
Life lessons
He was probably like "Fuck this, I don't wanna die alone" ;-P
Got lost at 0:00
Well, at least I was better. I got lost at 0:02
Both doing great, i got lost in the ads
install a UBLOCK extension. have fun
@@Blo0dyAss lmao
Just understand that ram and Cpu get data from each other and when the binary numbers are added together they create memory and it gets stored on the cpu
I'm a software engineer with several years experience. I've always had a vague idea of what these components do, but I've never been able to wrap my head around how they do it. Your explanation was so eloquent yet concise that these concepts that have always escaped me suddenly clicked and made perfect sense. Great video!
Nice!
Thank you for your syntax. 🫡
The
Same here hahah I was fill all the missing holes and missing pieces
im a new software engineer that cant find a job. pls help
A 20 minute video explained a semester worth of lectures perfectly. Please be my professor
I'm sure your professor goes more in depth than this though, so it't to be expected that this is easier to understand
The beauty of this video is he uses very minimal technical jargon.
I’m sorry to say, you’re insane!
Scary that I understood all of it not knowing anything about computers 😂
what are you studying. computer science??
Think about this, your CPU is actually doing all the things described in this video, as you are watching the video, and reading this comment.
@@peace1033 Are you comparing the human brain to a computer ?. No match dear .
@@Klazyo r/woooosh
In 1974 when the first computer had a 4bit operative system, coding and decoding binary codes each one at a time...watching this in your 16 core 64 bite CPU running windows crap 10 processing shit at 64 bit all at the same time?!?!?!?! We are going to get kill by computers in less than 10 years
CPUception
@@Klazyo Human brain is actually more powerful than top tier CPU's
We should award noble prizes to those who come up with a CPU design... they were true masterminds!
Jon Von Neumann
@@darylallen2485 That was NOT the guy... He was just a clever academic that summarized and abstracted other peoples constructions or designs, and got far to much credit for it. One of the first that actually designed and built a fully programmable CPU and computer from scratch was the German Civil Engineer Konrad Zuse, in the 1930s.
@@herrfriberger5 You are totally correct. Von Neumann basically just created a simple model from the complex architecture of a CPU back in the day.
It has been perfected over time it took 90 years
Ada invented the computer first, but her model was not build. Conrad Zuse made the first programmable computer.
I was so fascinated by this explanation. It just had dozens of little lights turning on in my head. Really really helpful! Thank you so much!
👍amazing
Amazing how it transformed the impulse firing in your brain 🤝
So... basically we tricked rocks into thinking? got it
It's not thinking damit!
*Sand
Pretty much
@@KaRuNaRuGa sand is just tiny rocks
who are we?
All this so I can throw turtles into the ocean in Crysis.
mcgibs LOL
mcgibs Lol
***** *it is for me!* _XD_
mcgibs Is this why we get files we dont need??
Hahahaha ;)
Within 30 years, We literally went from 2 times per second to several billion times per second
More like 1000 to several billions (6502 clockspeed is something between 1000 and 3000 Hz)
Cant wait to see another 30 years lol
Soon we’ll be pushing the limits of quantum mechanics to make our transistors the size of just a couple atoms. Crazy times indeed my dude
@G E T R E K T 905 *electromechanical
@@DineSpack my CPU is a ryzen 2200g with a base clock of 3.5ghz (3.5 billion times per second) and i can overclock to about 3.9 ghz (3.9 billion times per second)
it's truly amazing how some guys spent hours scratching their heads coming up with this stuff.
I'd say months.
@@TheValorantGuy I'd say millions of man-years
@@TheValorantGuy Years. These cpus are product of a shit ton of years and research that involved thousands of people, they are so complex because of all the work they have behind.
Id imagine many loved doing it
After reading the book, I rewatched this video, and finally, I understood the whole process. It's mindblowing!
the computer is quite the advancement from the abacus and the calculator , mindblown
@Texsic It's awesome!
Tell me
After seeing this I'm amazed a computer even works
I love how you explained this. It makes perfect sense. I had no idea that the processor processes one instruction at a time at that rate of speed.
maybe ..but just how does it process one instruction at a time if they are only electrical charges.
@@johnpro2847 it's a maze, if the electricity follows a specific path it reaches point were lets say for example that lights turn on and we see those lights and understand what is means, how? When you see what i wrote here its because of the lights or should i say pixels that are tunred on , its a siple black and white background, if we want colors it's the the same process, great now you can see images too.
@@johnpro2847 Go get a computer engineering degree if you want the actual answer.
"I think I have some idea of how this works, but I want to know more." 20 minutes later, "Holy crap it's witchcraft."
If you think so, then I probably shouldn't tell you about pipelined superscalar multi-core processors :D
lols overclocked :D
Bro start playing Minecraft and this will make a whole lot more sense.
HAHHAHAHA! Best comment ever
@@KungKras Also out-of-order execution and speculative execution XD
Right off the get go my mind froze. When he made the statement about the clock turning on and off two times per second on the 6502 chip, I was okay. Then when he said that modern CPU's turn off and on billions of times per second...that is when I lost it. I cannot envision a second divided into a billion parts. That fact in and of itself is damn near magic to me. Oh, I can understand it at an academic level. A chip running at 5 Ghz is 5 billion times per second. Okay, moving on...It's the visualization of that process that really ties up my noodle in knots. Almost magic to me!
Täking Thë High Roäd Please don't read up anything on the upcoming game No Man's Sky then, especially its number of fully explorable planets... you'll die of a sudden aneurysm.
+bennemann I doubt it, just another minecraft
+bennemann the number of galaxies in the universe. yes.
+Täking Thë High Roäd Compared to how a car or a refrigerator works, this is pretty much magic.
+Täking Thë High Roäd There are many subjects in technology and science that you have to understand that your intuition would not be capable of simply "getting it". You intuition is flawed for the modern world. I can't imagine a light flash on for one billionth of a second, but I don't care, all I know is that 1 billion of those flashes put together would be a light staying on for a second, if I even wanted to bring it near to something I could intuitively get. Or I could not care, and I don't and just say it happens a billion times a second. Once you let go of your intuition you can carry on to quantum mechanics.
This is one of those videos that you need to watch 10 times in order to understand it completely. Nice job
The most comprehensive and exciting 20 minutes to learn such a great technology.
Thank you 😊
This video just leaves me with even more questions. Like how does the control unit work? How does the cpu know when to do what? I mean it cannot think by itself so how does that work. Also how is a program I wrote processed. I can't even explain my questions
+Toxicz There is something called a Program Counter (PC), that reads all the instructions and sends them to registers and CPU accoridngly. CPU actually knows nothing, it just reads a Program Counter (PC) and does what it PC tells him to. Your second question: The program you wrote in some form of programming language is first being compiled, than it is translated to a machine code(a language that computer can read), and from than on it does what i wrote you at the begining. Hope this helped
+Toxicz rewatch the video =D it explains most of your doubts. The CPU knows when to do what because of certain instructions, instructions that are coded and specified with each algorithm.
+Toxicz This type of thing is pretty much true for all knowledge the more you know the more questions you can ask about what you know.
+Toxicz The control unit knows what to do for each instruction with a series of decoders (one for each instruction type) which only activate if the instruction matches a specific binary code. For example if the instruction has a code (lets say 2, which would be 00000010 in the register) that means to jump to a new position, it would know that it is a jump command because there would be a dedicated circuit in the control unit that would only be activated if the appropriate instruction was in the cpu.
Beyond this it gets into logic gates and if you want to know how all that works, I would look at redstone tutorials (yes redstone, from minecraft) as redstone is basically binary circuitry in disguise. As to how it knows when to do what, it uses a rising edge mono-stable circuit (getting into logic gates, basically a circuit that makes an electrical pules on the activation of its input wire but does not do anything more until its input is turned off and on again) and a falling edge mono-stable circuit (activates on the input turning off) hooked up to the clock wire so it does half of its functions when the clock goes on and the other half when it turns off. The mono stable-circuits are often hooked up to the various set wires of the registers through an and gate with the other wire connected to the output of the binary decoder that detects if the right instruction is activated. Hope that helps and is readable.
And that is right. You can't study such things in 5 minutes, there are thousands of pages in books explaining details. Anyway, it's tens of years of experience.
This video made it very clear to me from a distant observing point. I studied electrical engineering and I was introduced to digital systems, transistors, logic gates, registers, etc .. also I have a programming background but I couldn't fit all of these information in a proper way that allows me to understand how a CPU might work. Now I can say I could make it to the first 1% of computer engineering and I'm depressed.. note that the video talked about building blocks like (ALU, CONTROL UNIT etc) there is more hell inside!
❤
I can finally see how stupid I am I don't understand one bloody thing
Nah, you're not dumb. This stuff really is hard, it takes time to get it down :)
lol
I'm with you bro
You have to know computer architecture, basics in assembly language and introduction to programming to understand this.
You don't need to understand basics in assembly langauge to understand this. You need to understand this to understand basics in assembly langauge though.
8 years ago an awesome guy made this masterpiece and disappeared
where are you man? the world needs more of this.
For real 🙌, ( A hero we actually need)
This is so fascinating and complex, we take this for granted so often. Excellent video!
true!!
I have studied it in detail when i was doing my engineering, but I really loved the way you explained it so well in 20 mins, when I first saw the title I wasn't expecting it to be this good. Great Job !!!!
Will checkout other videos on this channel too
Hey, I can kinda assume that you're Indian from the name but I'm sry if you're not, but I've just finished my secondary education and I would give anything to learn these things in all the detail there is, so can you just tell me the name of the course or which places I have to look at ? Thanx
One of the nicest yet compact video for understanding actual hardware and software communication inside a CPU.
Thanks a lot!!
My computer architecture teacher should show this presentation in class. We student literally don't have any idea what's going on inside it. I always thought it's beyond my comprehension to understand how CPU works only scientists can exactly know. That person should be called talent who explain better than other. You are one of them 👌
When I first saw this video, I was really confused, but after learning Computer Science Principles and building my own pc, and watching it again, I can get a general idea of how it works. Thank You!
bro what hahahahaha
Guess I’ll just go back to chasing butterflies in the backyard :(
nice point
I'm in
Crashoverride. Hahaha!! 😂🤣
Reads book: What is a butterfly.
Just wait until you hear about how complicated butterflies are
Damn good video, i need to recommend this to my friend, he always couldnt sleep, after i watch this last night, i fall asleep before the video ends, please make more of these.
Saw this video about 4 years ago and I didn't understand a single thing. Saw it today thinking '' Hey maybe i'm smarter now and I'll understand it ''...............I'll come back In 4 years
Come back now, and read the Wikipedia article too, you need to widen your sources smh!!!!!
4 years
4 years
4 years
4 years
How did someone even think of this and invented it, it's mind blowing.
It started off very simple. A simple class in electronics would give you what you need to start designing your own processor. Remember that these engineers were developing something that didn't even exist, and when they did develop it, it was revolutionary but crap compared to modern processors. It was not one man that invented it in one space of time, but millions of people over many years.
A lot of people making baby steps over 120+ years. It's amazing what humans can accomplish.
yea its kinda like cars. The first car was horrible but it revolutionized modern society today. You could literally WALK faster than the first car invented, but ofcourse over many years (which isnt even that long) we now have super amazing cars that can go as fast as airplanes at takeoff speed. It is amazing!
It's like car engines and transmissions. It started very simple back in the old days so that every blacksmith could repair it but every generation added more and more stuff to make it more powerful and efficient so that nowadays you feel stupid if you watch videos that explain how modern engines and transmissions work.
(i have experience designing minecrzft CPUs) it goes from a clock and some more stuff, then goes to more complex stuff, then to Scott cpu
Now I feel sad for overclocking my CPU .. I feel like i'm trying to make a labor worker to make me coffee and dance while doing his job at the same time :'(
+Youkesama i feel even more bad cuz i overclocked it to watch porn in 60fps
+abdullah almasri faps per second
+abdullah almasri ^Overclocks CPU to watch porn in 60fps.
when that happens,i remember it isnt sentient
+abdullah almasri over clocking GPU would have helped more
This is an amazing video, totally cured my insomnia. I was asleep by the 10 minute mark
I'm new to the computer science field, and this 20 minute video explained my past 10 hours of lectures. thanks so much!!!
50 years ago I was writing assembler language programs using all the move (MVC), branch and load instructions necessary to create a program. This video sure would have been helpful to me for understanding how the hardware responded to my wishes. It was a bonus to see the scripture at the end - what a wonderful surprise! Blessings to you!
After messing with redstone and building a minecraft computer it is worlds easier to understand this.
Same dude
That's what I thought! Just everything clicked.
doing that right know on ORE
Kishore G. originally I built alu units out of just connecting and gates because I knew that would work. of course, I learned about xor gates later on. you can build a computer just by messing around, it just takes time
Minecraft deserves some credit for this, now that I think about it. It's a game with two basic building blocks out of hundreds, redstone and redstone torches that could be used to make a computer that can actually run a game. I wonder if it would be possible to create a computer in minecraft that could possibly even run a version of minecraft in 1080x1920 resolution, it would take years to build (or using a native plugin, you could have it built for you, like the one used to recreate the Netherlands in minecraft.)
This is a highly informative video, thank you very much.
This is what my teacher told me to study for my project even though my project is only to make a digital voltmeter. Idk if I could be able to redescribe those information in my report but you have my appreciation regardless. Thank you
I think this might be the best teacher I've ever come across my entire life. Most teachers are ruining every subject in existence by not being able to explain it so that students actually understand.
David Forslund i suggest you to watch andrea morello's video series filmed by the channel 'veritasium' about quantum computers
I suggest betterexplained, 3blue1brown, Socratica, NancyPi, mathloger, and patrick jmt for mathematics
I am going back to drawing on paper and playing with my Etch a Sketch.
+Rick Scicluna Hahahahahaaaaaaaaaaah!!!! That's why you always respect a man's work, homie!
Gotta hand it to 'em, these guys are bosses.
Rick Scicluna wow you can use an etch a sketch, damn I've been trying for ages but I can't find the on button.
What a mind blowing video.. eye opener what a miracle computers are... Ohhh thanks frak for nerds and geeks, being laughed at, inventing the most miraculous and most important technologies for human kind. My mind just cannot percieve the insane rate of all of this happening and much more on todays even cheapest CPUs and all so easily accesible and portable. Fantastic..Thank you for the video.
+Mikee CZ ugh, I hate the world 'miracle'. It makes it sound like it is some mystical thing that is given by the gods.
+Mikee CZ yeah, electronics is pretty much the only industry where the improvement is exponential. Moore's law is pretty nuts and it went farther than anyone predicted. And now some of these complicated integrated systems cost only a few cents to produce and sell to you.
AVN WX Except pretty much everyone into electronics, and Moore himself. Moore predicted it, hence Moore's law.
Moore's law was merely an observation, and it was only made possible by the process engineers being able to shrink down the chips so much. Over the decades it's been repeated said that Moore's law was in trouble due to the problems inherent in lower process nodes, yet there were a large number of innovations in order to keep it going.
AVN WX And isn't that a big part of what science is? Making predictions about the future based on observations past and current?
Been an arcade tech for 30 years and at 51, i'm just now learning EXACTLY what's happening on my old school arcade boards. This is fascinating, and I may watch it a few more times, but the break down is specifically what i've been looking for, instead of here's a thing and this is what it does videos I keep coming across.
God bless the people that make the stuff we have today!
Thanks science not god
green skull God made all of us. Thank you God. And he created you. We clearly have a creator , open your eyes.
Cpu is black magic product
@@llllllllllllllIIlIllIIllIIIIll Are you daft? My mother and father created me! And that process goes back to the dawn of sexual reproduction.
@@llllllllllllllIIlIllIIllIIIIll Define creator. The primitive tribal attempt to understand the unintelligible complexity of the universe by a benign creator is patently absurd and utterly anachronistic. Accept that we currently have inadequate data to allow us to have a clue and hope that the clever 1% of our transient species are allowed to continue to search for data before we are inevitably cleansed from what remains of our planet.
An entire semester of Computer Engineering/Science in one video. :)
Yes, but it would still take an entire semester or more to really understand the subject.
There is much more to computer science this is more like electronic s engineering
@@awol6574 Definitely, I study Mechatronics and we studied all this. Computer Science is more focused to coding and developing software, I believe.
This video is a simplification really. There is more inside your modern CPU than an ALU and control unit.
@@awol6574 I said Computer Engineering. That's what I studied by the way. And of course it's better to take the semester course, but this video is a great summary.
Two things:
1. The future is amazing
2. "But How Do It Know" is a hilarious book title.
10/10
not agreed to your first statement bro. and i have a great reason for that
@@himanshu7103 The future is as exciting as it is frightening. But even considering that, one can say it is amazing
You're simply ahead of time
@@felipebrunetta2106 i consider the life before social media and involvement in screen and after that , its pretty common now to lost in self thinking and ideal life inside mind then doing anything in reality .
i also consider the data business of big companies and how they are making sure that people will stick to their phones more and more.
i also consider the modern values and morality for money making (which is not good actually)
and most important i consider the effects on environment .
how in current system a dead tree is more worth then living, a dead whale is more valuable.
people who do that don't like it
but their already good and big image in society and profit make them ignorant .
ignorance nowdays is More harmful than wars
This was my world I work for AT&T and I will electronic switching systems for fiber optic systems this was my area of expertise where I felt the most at home, we used a 64-bit instruction containing data. Great explanation for somebody that was never exposed to the CPUs I apologize for voice recognition.
"How a CPU Works"
Science
Magic
Black magic
magic the gathering?
🎵"F%$ing magnets how do they work!?"🎵
Burn it its fucking witchery.
This is by far the best visualization I saw on CPU explanation
But why does the cpu run faster when you delete system32?
It has less workload, as System32 contains explorer.exe, which sends instructions to the CPU (and GPU, too.)
LOL!!!!!!!
+Luna because it proably dosnt and just makes ur computer bluescreen!
+Luna I'm new to this. What is that?
+Lk Ross They're trolling. Don't delete System32 unless you want to mess up your computer
I have to watch this at twice the original speed for my learning nature(...) but, the voice has a very good pitch and tone for studying, and not hurting my hyperacutic ears or putting me to sleep. Thank you for that. I was confused for most of this., but the entire knowledge of this video is now somewhere into my subconscious stream. Will watch again sometime.
Non pc-geeks: OH WOW I THOUGHT IT RAN ON MAGIC!
+Patrick Holensaber Not far from it: "Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic." Arthur C. Clarke.
+Patrick Holensaber PC-Geeks:: ermaged i haz 5960X
Randy Zhu That's called an Enthusiast.
Oh. +Nereus C'mon. That is just an unfair, untrue, and offensive generalization. Not all of us spend that much money.
oeiwyuzl84332165
OK.............................
Wow, I just learned how a computer fundamentally works in a total of 20 mins. Great video In one lesson, well done.
Awesome man. Fully understood the concepts. Keep making more of these.
...I wasted 5 years of my life learning about processors and stuff and...I learned everything from this video...
Thank you so much for the knowledge you’re sharing. I’ve took so many courses , computer architecture, integrated circuits ,multiple Assembly language , etc , etc and this video just puts all pieces together 👌🏿🙏🏿🙌🏿
would you be able to make a video about GPU's and RAM, a video like this one?
Yeah that would be awesome.
Instructions Unclear, I ended up buying a license for Winrar.
Jokes aside, amazing video, very well done.
nah
Love this guy’s speech pace and voice and ever so subtle humor
It's funny how I can watch this video in 20 minutes and learn so much about computer engineering without having to pay tuition.
Haha, im working for computer science even though I had thoughts of doing engineering prior to that, now I might consider engineering...
Sometimes I feel like you could just literally teach yourself Computer Science/Engineering and landing a job without getting a degree. Both the software and hardware aspects of computers are really cool.
You are absolutely right, I have a Computer Science BA and when I compare the videos I watch in youtube with the College classes, the videos provide a more concise information and it clear all the doubts I had in the classes better than the Professors. College degree is for getting a better pay and position but what really works are the certifications, A+, Network + and Security+ from CompTia. These are the best certifications if you want to get good job as Computer IT.
This was a good 20 minute refresher on my 4 year computer science degree. Seriously though. well done.
U mean engineering
This is the most informative ASMR video I've ever seen
The way you explained it, is better than what the original Intel video does... WHAT AN EXPLANATION... GREAT JOB.
This is most complicated thing that I learn in my life .
Its very important you learn this. Techtnology is everyware
Try electrical engineering next.
Calculation alternating current with complex and imaginary numbers will show you how stupid you truly are.
I just brought your book for my son, you explained the CPU succinctly. Thanks
Did he understand it?
He's probably dissapointed lmao
9:00 when teacher start the lesson
16:00 when i started to use my brain
underrated comment but that kinda true , this happens a lot during classes , when my mind says lets take this seriously now and then i look at the board and realize its too late now
@@himanshu7103 lol
No, you started using it at 16:20 :)
Because of this particular video (And also the book), I had no problem in Computer Architeture course in my Computer Engineer course. Thanks for sharing yout knowledge.
Brilliant! This is the lesson I should have had in the '80s studying computer science. If I had I would never have lost interest.
(I lost interest because they never went into enough low-level detail and did not answer my questions when I wanted to know more. Everything was given as "just-so" answers. I think my CS teachers didn't truly understand the subject.)
Mark Jones computer science and computer engineering are two fields that overlap enough to make you believe they are the same, but yet are distinct. Computer Science is more concerned with the mathematical and logical questions about “what can we compute?” Right away we think digital machines, but the question is more high level and can be abstracted away from digital computers. Pragmatically it usually means computer scientist know software and computer engineers know the hardware than implements the “magic computation box”..
I can totally understand you.
Alot of teacher now days dosent even know that much
This is the best video on the topic I've seen yet, good stuff
This makes an amazing amount of sense.
had to keep going back and forth but got the gist of it. Still insane how trillions of instructions are done. Can't wrap my head around the true scale
Absolutely brilliant explanation! Thank you so much!
Side note:
The not-so-subtle indoctrination sentiment at the end was completely unnecessary. As a technologist, I would of hoped that you have grown past the imaginary, but we all still have things we need to work on.
🤓
I totally got it now. Let me now search on how the international space station (ISS) works.
i don't care how advance an outer alien civilization can be compared to us, this is science ficition to me. I understand about computers but how a CPU works... as Steve Jobs would say "it's magical".
Read up on transistors and stuff and it'll make a little more sense =)
I think I got the basics now myself.
It's still damned complicated and you'd have to have an overview of increadibly many things for a program to make sense all the way, but I think we could make something like say a basic text adventure game with this kind of logic fairly "easily" =)
(As in if you picture every single bit in your mind and remember it all then you might actually manage to follow what happens)
Well...
You kind of can get something like this if you think of a grid where you have an input a set number of true or false statements in one end and get a set of true or false statement in the other end by having each step check if the previous one where two true statements, two false statements or one of each.
Given the input pattern you get a set exit pattern.
Now imagine that you have a input pattern not given by a input you control but predetermined (by software) and that this changes based on the exit output from the last step in the process.
That's basically all a CPU really is.
It really just checks input patterns to give an exit pattern and that ends up in memory/storage to give it new input patterns again.
With one input pattern you might get an exit pattern like say light up one light bulb and with another you turn it given the stored input it's compared against.
That's done for every single pixel on your screen with predetermined patterns of signals at predetermined "intervals" (not really but meh) will trigger a output signal equaling a complex on and of pattern on your screen like say the letter A.
Now add another "CPU" like your graphics card that process the output and compare it with other output at a different point in the code and you can get something even more complex out of it, like a pyramid shape calculated and then calculated how it would look when seen in 2D (on a screen) and then calculated into pixels turned on or off...
You get the picture I think...
I hope that made it a little easier to imagine...
I can try to find some videos on here to show you the concepts I'm talking about later.
But really, a computer is really, really dumb.
It just does millions upon millions upon millions of tiny calculations so fast that it seems smart even if it isn't.
Ps. I get it if this don't make sense right now.
I kind of wish I could talk to you in person for a couple of hours, I think I'd be able to make it make sense for you then.
It's not magical, it's materialistic like all of reality. It is therefore easily described scientifically and it's theoretical foundations is basically mathematics, certainly able to be learned and not that difficult. Since it's mathematically oriented, it comes as as unfamiliar jargon to most people.
Gaius Caerulius Verus Yeah, just hard to explain it in a simple fashion.
Been trying lately to do so with a room with two light switches and two people using a code to communicate through the light switch, using the light to help them decide what setting on the switch to use next.
Not sure if that's good enough...
I love how you managed to explain something so complicated (seemingly) in such a simple way that I understood it. Thank you!
This is great! The only thing missing for me (though there could be a very good reason for that) is an explanation of how all this relates to what we talk about we talk about processors today. Namely cores and threads.
Multi-core CPUs have multiple CPU control units and ALUs on a single chip. That's essentially what it boils down to.
This is an amazing tutorial. Best tutorial I've seen on RUclips, and I don't think I'm exaggerating.
Understanding how a CPU work is crucial for programming in Assembly. This video is priceless. :-p
This was excellent! I wish I had seen this at least 10 years ago. My younger self would’ve really been inspired by this. ❤
This clip saved my soul.
I did way too much transposing before.
this is the best moment to pray
...to the transistor god.
I recently got the book, it’s amazing how a thing you can hold in your hand can do complex things like those.
Really nice video, this way we can make the computer world known among even more people!!
I heard his breath once, and I can't stop paying attention to it now
And thanks, now I'm aware of it.
me too ! its making me nervous ...
same dammit
I can’t stop hearing the lisp
it has been a week that I am learning about this topic and i can for sure say that this was the best explanation i've heard.
hold my brain guys i've understand all what he talked about, i feel like i'm a genius 😂
Computer Architecture professor i'm waiting your lecture
This is really nice..you should do more of these on kernel or other operating system topics
For those who have a hard time understanding this, i suggest you to learn how binary gates work, how does a simple calculator functions, if something use minecraft, there are plenty of binary gates/calculator tutorials to follow and you can see them working in real time.
Practically, to make it easy, look at those units inside the cpu as little calculators made to process input data in specific ways.
Once you know how a calculator works, this video wont be hard to follow and understand.
Ruben Fernandes instructions not clear.
calculator stuck in rectum.
Ruben Fernandes lol :D
***** To make it really simplistic, lets say you're a cpu trying to build a ikea furniture (the cpu is now executing some program's function), you first fetch the data from the box (ram) that tells you to pick up the building instructions inside it ( these are instructions that the said program made the cpu save in the ram earlier when the user started it), those instruction will tell you how to access and what to do with the parts (other data in the ram like previous inputs from the program).
I know it may be a weird and confusing analogy, but look at ram as a folder that the cpu will use to either save "data" in form of documents but also inventory lists that show him where to find those documents "the memory addresses" and post-its that tell him it to do something with those documents later "instructions".
Ruben Fernandes i wanna know what our computers would be like if all RAM was as fast as the cpu cache.
Blox117 I guess i could use another analogy, look at ram as a folder cabinet, to access it you need to stand up, go there, open it, take the document you need, close it and go back to your desk, now look at the cache as a drawer in your desk, you just open it, take the document you need and close it.
You wont be able to store as many documents inside your desk as you do with a cabinet, but you can access them really fast.
Now to make ram as fast as cache, you would need a ludicrously big desk, it would be be a mess to manage all those documents so close to you.
Even tho its slower, the folder cabinet in your office room is still the best way to store and organize a lot of easily accessible of data.
The hard drive is the library downstairs.
I mean, what a piece of art is the CPU itself and interaction between CPU - RAM is! I watched this video and thought. Damn! So hard to grasp. Why is it so hard to understand? My answer is that such a complex innovation didn't appear overnight. Thousands and thousands of the most clever people on the planet worked on this idea throughout many decades! So, now I've made piece with myself. This is truely the most important innovation on the planet so far. Good night!
a very clear and easy explanation, even a dumb shite like me can totally absorb its info, this video uses a mixture of common knowledge and slightly advanced knowledge to slowly bring the viewers into understanding the basic of a cpu step by step, any 18-30 yr old should hav no problem understanding it, i appreciate this video so much
T.C. Yu i'm 31 and i have a problem understanding it
MAR-Memory address register this holds the memory address in the CPU and tells RAM what instructions to do next Correct?
No. The address and the data being transferred can't both be on the bus at the same time, but both are needed by RAM at the same time. The memory address register provides the address temporarily for ALL accesses to and from RAM -- not just instructions. The data from or to that address is then transferred on the bus.
Every CPU has a clock... *clock speed... clock... facepalm* Thank you for this knowledge
@7:20 May I please ask to reconfirm myself that the instruction sets will ignore the new address and move on to the next instruction if the comparison condition does not meet?
Because of you, I made a computer! Check out the video on my page. I made it control servers, leds, sounds and more! I just had to say thank you.
I made a computer too, I just took some money and shoved it hard enough at another person and a computer popped out.
You are the gift from God! Thank you so much from the bottom of my heart for making this remarkable amazing video. You make my imposter syndrome of "How a computers work" disappear. You are a Hero man
this is still a great intuitive video in 2019
At 0:41, you said, the clock runs twice a second; in reality it runs 2 million times / s.
This was perfect, a great base to learn from! Well done sir
Getting my late night nerd on!!
ECKSDEEE
sodium hypochlorite tf, y'all cringe. Being a nerd isn't a race thing smartass
+james hawkins
a black nerd is a rare rare sight
tech is for everyone
Me too
I know the 6502 so well that when I saw a picture of the die I recognized it before he even said anything.
This is probably the best video about CPU architecture and working I have seen in my life, thus far.