What´s a RAT? RAM AIR TURBINE! Explained by "CAPTAIN" Joe
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Dear friends and followers, welcome back to my channel.
Today´s topic is another very important one. What is the ram air turbine, or better known as the RAT.
We´ll be looking at some basic system knowledge on the Airbus Hydraulics (the green, blue and yellow system) and then dive straight in to an ELEC EMER CONFIG.
You´ll see how the ram air turbine is deployed and I´ll go into more detail about the ram air turbine duties. We´ll use a AC BUS 1&2 FAULT as a primary example and how the RAT produces electricity. And the second scenario will be a DUAL ENGINE FAILURE, and how the RAT provides electrical power plus hydraulic power to be able to control the aircraft in such an emergency event.
This is a basic explanation of the Airbus A320 Ram Air Turbine. Future videos where we´ll look at the hydraulic system in more detail are in the making.
Thanks for watching, see you latest next thursday, all the best your "Captain" Joe
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Thanks to Lars Hentschel providing me with the thumbnail picture, make sure to check out his pictures on www.airliners.net
Special thanks to HamburgVideosHD for providing me with this very rare footage of an A321 landing with the RAT deployed! Check out his channel for more great videos!
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The rat is a small animal inside the belly of the aircraft and incase of double engine failure it will start running inside its hamster wheel and turn the engines with the hamster wheel so that the aircraft has engine power to land safely
The Truth Is Out There actually thats kinda what happens only the rat is just wind turning the cage that generates electric power : ) same principle!
And China Airlines use little children for that, right?
*starts to band him* well i guess the secret is out
The Truth Is Out There Great explanation , thank you!
and it is china eastern airline......
My dad, 1Lt David B Waldrop III, had to eject from an F-105 (over Friendly territory) during the Vietnam War because of an engine turbine failure. The RAT deployed and gave him electrical and hydraulics after he shut down the engine. This gave him enough time to calmly and carefully prepare for the ejection and steer his plane into a safe trajectory for it to crash and maximize his chances for a safe ejection.
Wow
Another great example of how a Rat worked very well is the Air Canada Gimli Glider case.
Such an amazing feat of landing from those pilots.
I assume jet fuel is used to power the APU, so the Gimli Glider wasn't able to use the APU. They had to use the RAT to have any power at all.
Cpt. Sully's A/C is on display down at KCLT, I was down in CLT doing some training so I took a minute on the way home to check out the A/C. The rear end of the A/C was broken off during the landing, but other than that, it was in amazingly good shape! The museum was empty that day, so I got a personal grand tour of the place :-) My friend and captain for AA, (then USAIrways) said that he had flown with Sully the week b4 the ditching, (I think he was dead heading home to CLT), and was glad he wasn't with him that day ;-) My friend and Capt. says that the A320 is by far the finest A/C he's ever flown, and if he has his way, (and the economy doesn't go crazy), he'll retire flying that A/C ;-) (He's only got 4 years left) Love your videos Capt. Joe :-)
(I am a lowly private pilot, but I love all things aviation ;-)
The best part of your videos is that is most conventional easy to understand who didnot knew about airplane too much....😇😇😇😇
On The Harrier (AV-8A/AV-8C) it is located directly in front of the tail plain. It takes less than a second to deploy in case of Hydraulic failure.
Was anyone else thinking of the Gimli Glider (Air Canada flight 143) while watching this video? The movie Freefall was the first time I ever heard of the RAT.
another amazing video Joe, keep up the good job!
i agree!!
Thank you very much :)
I recgonized it and what it was
Because during the vietnam war, the McDonald Douglas F-4 Phantomn, when it got its first gun equipped, the cannon was powered by the same type of module.
:3
5:58 Caiptain Joe: Spread my channel to the world! That's I'll Do!
RAT MAN ON just sounds awesome :D I wonder what could be the "worst" short description for a function in a jet plane ;)
Structural Integrity Loss maybe?
Fantastic video. I've wanted to know about the RAT for a while.
+Captain Joe, thanks again for a great video. In a prior video, you explained the barking dogs -- thanks for that one (I forgot to thank you on that specific video). Safe travels.
All I can say is "hats off to the inventor of the Ram Air Turbine system " !!
your a great teacher sir. i get it because you break it down or ( dumb it down ) so i get it!
Captain Joe you know so much about the mechanisms of commercial planes! Do all pilots have to know this or are you especially geeky/passionate about these details?
In Hudson they had a well functioning apu which gave them the entire flight control surfaces the rat will only give u primary
Outstanding. (btw, no need for coffee or movies for me if there is an unintended descent).
man you know that plane inside and out its impressive.
I literally understand everything!!!
Thank you
so i guess jeff skiles glass panel wasnt on during the landing in the hudson because it looks like the FO's panel is shut off when the RAT is being used
Another great one Joe....just on the Hudson Landing...didn't Sully and Co also start the APU as well? ( I didn't know about the RAT Deployment in that landing) Cheers mate.
do you like the 787 or the A350XWB
Peter Hunt s A350
787
Peter Hunt A350
cool
both are carbon fiber materials do it all comes down to comfort and inside
Could you make a video about the arrestor beds on runways? I would like to understand more about them.
1st.... Batteries provide DC electricity for 30 mins and not 20.. the number maybe be less depending on the usage .
2nd.. RAT takes 8 seconds to provide electricity and not 3-5 seconds..
Refer to FCOM for more details
Captain Joe, at -4:26 you mentioned that the RAT can power systems for a minimum of 20 minutes in-flight? Is this so? Or was that actually the maximum? Also, why is the RAT not mandatory in the industry? The Avro/RJs, Embraer jets and CRJ family do not have RATs installed from the manufacturer at all. (Noting that the new E190s only now have these fitted). You may recall an Avro/RJ/BAE146 run out of fuel while circling for landing carrying an entire Copa Football Team en route to a game in South America in 2018-19. The plane crashed after it ran out of fuel, killing most on board. However I thought that if a RAT was installed, this may have given the pilots enough time to obtain vectors and maintain and glide and approach to the runway, even with 20 minutes available. To my next question, does the RAT run off an independent fuel supply? If so, then my above case study would have been doomed anyway unfortunately. Perhaps a mandatory sub-reserve fuel supply connected only to the APU and RAT would be an idea. Do you agree that it should be industry standard to have RATs installed on all medium to large RPT aircraft? Thank you Captain Joe.
It is the aircraft batteries that can give power for 20 minutes.
No the batteries power the plane for 20 mins. The RAT keeps it powered until plane reaches less than 140knots. And no the RAT is powered by the airflow as mentioned in the video. The airflow spins the blades. It’s the final resort if your plane runs out of fuel like Air Canada 143 or Air Transat 236
Have you the FSLabs A32X ?
It's most loudly!!!! Today we are testing RAT on my job. MRO Provider😉
Hi Joe, could you make a video about the Airbus fly-by-wire system and the different flight control laws? Love your videos, keep up the good work!
It’s hydraulic panel for RAT manual extension, not electrical panel.
Thanks Captain 👩✈️
You would say "good pilot always learning " I inspired by seeing you...
2:47 nice voice over.
None from game or fallen or blinking or rebelling or anything remotely team gray or dark shall b used or spared other than world a big place, but time fixes every devil soul or rat bastard.
Thanks Capt. Joe! Very informative video.
I watched too much TV on air crash investigations. Usually the investigators say something like '...the controls (RAT etc), failed - then you see the plane turn upside down and the pilots start going down. My question, during deployment of RAT can the air speed rip off the RAT's propeller blades or entire arm for that matter? Cheers!
Hmm. I thought when the title said "ram air turbine" you were going to show me a Turbofan that could also function as a Ramjet. Now THAT would be quite a thing, wouldn't it?
Me: *sees title*
Also me: *a rat that gets chased by a cat and that makes electticity for the plane*
Every pilot existing: *reallity is often disapointing*
Barking dogs, RAT - why are there so many animals onboard an airoplane. What's next? You tell me an engine has so many W-horse power.
Can you make a video on why electronics must be turned off during takeoff?
Joe how to do you that? You had 100k subs about 10 days ago and now you have almost 125k :D This is just crazy. I cant believe that so many people is interested. I dont have much friends who cares about flying and things connected with flying and planes :D
Love ur vids but what u said ab us airways 1549 is inaccurate because they still had fuel,they just didn’t have engines so they turned on the APU
Yes but the RAT deployed because of the loss of engines. The APU takes over 60 seconds to start so the RAT provided basic electrical power until the APU was running
@@tomstravels520 oh really,I was unaware that tye flight crew deployed the rat
@@rannnn5498 it deployed automatically once electrical power was lost
Are you going to be at Munich airport on Tuesday at 11:30? I'm arriving from Uruguay, my homeland, i would love to meet you or at least take a picture with you.
great stuff joe, must feel good to fly an airbus!
as you mentioned, RAT provide around 5kVA of power. Is there any reason for putting only one RAT in the aircraft?? Having more than one may prove helpful I guess..
At 1.49 you said that the batteries would only last for a "minimum" of 20 mins of flight (i.e more than 20 mins), yet at 2.13 you said they will only run for "20 minutes"?? Did you mean to say maximum?
Hi captain joe thank you for your videos
just a note : for the Hudson incident i thought that the captain turn on the APU ! for emergency
and canyou please make a video abt the VOR- NDB - and all other navigation aids ??
thank you again
Sir, I don't know if you have noticed but you used the wrong apostrophe symbol both in title and in the description. I dunno, maybe check your keyboard layout or something.
Thanks
THX 4 This statement! U R The Best
1.47-1.50.... I was wondering if Capt. Joe was intending to say "maximum". Minimum can be even 1 min...i hope its right.
Great Videos thank you, however the sound is always a bit echo filled... can you use a closer microphone or use some sound treatment on the walls
Hey Joe, in movies when a plane lands they always show the wheels touching down and what sounds like a skidding noise. I don't think there is such a sound. Can you elaborate?
Loved it! Great explanation :)
Captain Joe, why don't they put more RATs on a plane to increase the power?
Can u make a video on flap and belly farings...
Hey Joe. Why did you show an Airbus A321 aircraft. Was it a mistake or was it a general A320 family term?
A rat is a bigger than a mouse end of conversation.
good informative video hats of cpt joe and i have question? how long would it take pilots to prepare an aircraft especially A320 to be ready in a taxing condition from cold and dark condition .
Awesome!! 👍🏼
Isn't it a good idea to put another or more extra RATs in order to increase power supply?
I see you say captain but the 3 strips on your shirt say otherwise
And? You can call yourself whatever you want on you tube as long as you don’t try the same tactic at work
At 0:30 you showed a picture of a a321 not a a320
Great Video, Great Content, Perfect Skill Level!
OH SHIT...A RAT☺ I once saw this on the documentary called The Fifth Element, they burn those out of the belly of the aircraft
p.p.s. Following "Cactus" 1549, are some/most/all carriers requiring training for water "landings" (aka: "ditching")?
In light of VERY limited training time and simulator availability, do civil aviation authorities require training for ditching?
How do aircraft align with/line up correctly on taxiways and runways? I mean, I don't understand how you can see if you lined up correctly from the cockpit view? Is it some sort of automated system?
probably this is a question for an air traffic controller but... how do they know which route your airplane must follows, watching only the radar?
Because they do not watch only radar. It's a complete software package so beside aircraft position they can overlay almost any other image or information on that screen including current weather data.
But if RAT is so crucial then why just one why not two or three
Sehr cooles und informatives Video 👍🏽 und war das fsx?
Hi Captain...you may have covered this but I cant find it on your vids...Question What are the 2 black wheels that turn by them self do ???
Conclusion: A tiny windmill
just curious, what airline do you fly for? and are you a captain in the real cockpit or a co-pilot?
@1min 47sec you say minimum of 20 min, just wonder if that is supposed to a maximum of 20 min?
From what he said later, I believe you are correct.
fantástico 😎
I was at Brooklands museum where a restored Concorde is on display with the RAT extended. When the tour guide asked if anyone knew what it was for, a little girl said that it was an outboard motor so if they had to ditch the aircraft in water, they could get to shore. Just a funny story I thought I'd share.
Let's try that in the Hudson.
That's not bad at all!
May be we shall have something like that in the future, who knows
Krisztian Kormos great idea she could be an aerospace engineer
james ndung'u Then we'd need flying boats again
I Love That He Is Always Smileing :) It Makes Me Smile
Stay positive!
It helps that he’s got a very handsome smile too!
Not negative
Not Corona positive 🙄😅
@@flywithcaptainjoe When MH370 was gliding to the surface of the ocean with the captain controlling it in the cockpit, & only RAT power available (but batteries too), at which point (e.g. 10,000ft) would he have tried to set the wings' flight surfaces (via the centre electrical system) to slow the plane as best he could for the ditching? Would the available flight surfaces take longer to set, due to being on the secondary power grid? I think he was aware of the slowness of the secondary power grid as he would have simmed it, so he was prepared for the delay to set those surfaces. What do you think? Thanks in advance. Mickey 👍
3:47 "RATMAN ON".
Is it a superhero?
LOL
Da da da da da da da da da da da da da da da da -- RAT MAN!
It is in Italy. Very funny comics.
@@netsky3 il uomo topo
@@kingghidorah8106 yes, kinda of :D
I thought it was to slice the birds up.
That's actually what it's for, but due to people getting butt hurt, they tell you that it's some lame generator.
I guess that's the "fresh" poultry they sell in business class.
+PASSwordUSERname Lmao. That's really funny
PASSwordUSERname lol
dingle you ever see a seagull at 12,000 ft?
"A RAT is one of the things you rarely see on an air plane." I would hope so
I do to
Like a hail mary.
Love your videos Captian Joe. I love knowing what's going on in the planes I fly in.
Bb vpv vv00ü00ü000üüği bbbbv0
Hey Jo, in the movie "Sully" sully turned on the APU. The movie didn't show the RAT.!
Seen that too!
Shame!
I was looking for this coment.
true
Probably the RAT would would have been destroyed on impact on water...hence the APU
One of the most notable use of the RAM is the gimli glider. remember that one that ran out of fuel due to a misconversion between imperial and metric? Yes, that one. No fuel, no engines, no APU, no control.
The same with the Azores glider.
That's the most primitive mistake you can make: "Oops! We ran out of fuel!"
thephantom1492 yea. Basically crap has really hit the fan when you need to use it hehe
thephantom1492 hahahaaha😂😂😂
True, I´ve mentioned it in the official incidents at the end of the video!
Thank you! Yes, the famous Gimli Glider was the case when the RAT helped to remain control over the plane.
Correct, as mentioned in the official incidents at the end of the video!
winni223 i loved that one....how the pilot landed that ...omg
I have a question for you captain, do pilots listen to music while cruising?
Fast_Wifi yes, usually they prefer Psarantonis
was that the side slip landing?
God only knows why I am watching this video at 2 am.
2 PM here. Hello person on the other side of the planet. How are you?
You live in India, not by name, by a short logic I deduced...
Are you from California? Or maybe Vancouver Canada?
I give you my coordinate: 23 pm
Nidhin Varkey Varghese 1:18 am here 😊
brilliant video. Just want to say that your spoken English is marvellous. And possibly better than some of our own native speakers.
If I'm not mistaken, learning English is a requirement for being a commercial pilot. Someone correct me if I'm wrong.
I don't think it is a requirement for Airchina pilots, since some don't even know the difference between MikeAlpha and November
Sir Adil-a-lot hahahahaahaha
Some of the vowels indicate he learned from a regional British speaker. Or possibly second-hand from same. The way he clips some of his words is very British English.
Thank you very much, means a lot to me :)
" The RAT was found in
the extended position when the airplane was recovered from the water. Both RAT blades were
present, and no major deformation of the blades was observed. " From the official report of the NTSB about the Hudson river landing
Dominique Touel really I found the rat making a nest in my boat.
But why didn't they use the APU?
@ They used the APU, and they didn't deploy RAT, it was deployed automatically, before Apu kicked in
True, and only because the plane deployed it automatically. They determined it's not necessary cuz they had APU started
Here after PIA crash. RIP.
They spotted RAT was active on the doomed flight.
this "rat" system was a key component of the safe emergency landing from FL360 (36,000ft) after a fuel miscalculation on an air canada flight. resulting in both engines flaming out with literally only minutes of alert warnings from the fuel pump pressure indicators. (from warning to engine flame out). The boeing aircraft landed safely but the nose gear didn't lock correctly and collapsed but the plane came to a safe halt at gimli airfield in the USA.
this aircraft was nicknamed the "GIMLI GLIDER" and flew many more years of service after undergoing small repairs :)
Gimli glider story :-P
oseo943
And Gimli is in Canada
Gimli Glider is one of my favorite story in terms of aviation accidents
@@hannahapor4856 Same!! (TACA110 is another one of my favourites; check it out if you're not familiar with it! Mayday episode 'Nowhere to Land'.)
Thomas yeah Canada was switching from Gallons to Kilograms and they asked for the amount of fuel in gallons and ground gave them that amount in kilograms.
Yo dawg, he heard you like redundancy, so we gave redundancy to your redundancy so you can be redundant while being redundant.
As far as I’m concerned, that’s redundant. Don’t you think?
Nice video again Joe! Great to see your channel doing so well!
Thank you very much :) Greetings Joe
@@flywithcaptainjoe b
Please explain the WiFi on airplanes
Most in-flight broadband systems utilize 'proximity linking' to connect to cellphone towers while over areas where cellular signals are available. For areas where no broadband cellular exists, Ku band satellite communications is used to interconnect. I believe they use a technique referred to (in engineering slang terminology as "spot beam projection mapping/tracking", which anticipates the route of flight, and maintains communication with one of three satellites triangulating the signal.
The WIFI system used on commercial aircraft does not, in any way (with the exception of the 400~ power system) interconnect with anything else on the aircraft, to protect from hacking, or a cascade interruption which could affect any of the aircraft's systems.
They can also connect to satelites, an example of this is inmarsat. Not sure entirely but I know inmarsat can provide wifi through satelites
what aspect of wifi on planes?
He did a video on that. It’s here somewhere
Wifi costs money, all you need to know bud
2:48 wtf
Hi Captain Joe,
erst einmal ein großes Dankeschön für deine Videos, welche du, trotz deines durchaus stressigen Berufes, hochlädst. Nun eine kurze Frage:
Kannst du ein Video über die genauen Unterschiede der Geschwindigkeiten (IAS, TAS, GS, Mach) machen, denn ich verstehe diese noch nicht genau.
Vielen Dank und mach weiter so!! :)
IAS: Angezeigte Fluggeschwindigkeit relativ zur umgebenden Luftmasse. Wird auch Unkorrigierte Eigenschgeschwindigkeit genannt. Wird direkt vom Staurohr gemessen= fehlerhafte messungen. Bei Airlinern wird dies allerdings korrigiert. Hier spricht man von CAS dann. Trotzdem wird es auch als IAS benannt, also bei Airlinern IAS=CAS.Unterhalb von FL270 ist IAS von Bedeutung. IAS= Die ''wichtigeste'' Geschwindigkeit, da die angezeigte Geschwindigkeit IAS über den Staudruck
gemessen wird. Der Staudruck ist ein Mass für den Auftrieb. Somit ist auch
die IAS ein Mass für den Auftrieb.
TAS: True Air Speed. Die ''echte'' Geschwindigkeit bezüglich der umgebenden Luft. Bedeutet hier wird alles berechnet. Wind, Windrichtung etc.
GS: Ground Speed. Geschwindigkeit bezüglich der Erdoberfläche
Mach: Alles über FL270 ist Mach ''wichtig''. Geschwindigkeit bezüglich der Schallgeschwindigkeit. Mach 1 ist Schallgeschwindigkeit. Passagier Flugzeuge fliegen bis zu 0,92 Mach (nur die großen 747-400etc.)
Danke! Die Themen werden auf jeden Fall in Zukunft geklärt! Grüsse joe
Hi Joe, thank you so much for making these highly informational but still very understandable videos for all the aviation enthusiasts out there, such as me. My biggest career dream is to one day become an airline pilot and your videos are motivating me every day. My question is, what is the most common malfunction on an aiplane and what's the standard operational procedure during the event? I wish you all the best and keep up the good work!
wow your channel grew so fast. i was with you ever since 20k
Can you tell me the idea/concept of pulling the stick back on a stall instead of pushing it forward like the rest of aircrafts?
If you enter alternative mode which shows on the ECAM you still have to push it forward as the plane can't recover by itself(That air france flight failed to acknowledge). You have stick pusher, right?
Seems better to have a push down moment incase of stall in all modes/scenarios.
RAT has to have a max speed right? 140kt for low speed. But does it come out at 0.76M automatically?
Wont it create enormous parasite/profile drag and the blades tip will over speed and stall, maybe even disembark.
Last question, you may not know this exactly but does the RAT create a yaw moment of the aircraft? If it does, are you restricted in crosswind?
Sorry for so many questions but the ATPL books don't explain that much about airbus or RAT.
Keep up the high quality videos captain! :)
Did you see how small the turbine was? I doubt it's able to cause any noticeable torque or drag. The landing gears are larger, and they're meant to be used all the time.
P.S. Someone please correct me if I am speaking nonsense.
Arcadiez I only know what I saw: the blade angle is adjustable, that will prevent overspeeding. But I wonder if you meant the moment it is opening? And the effect on yaw or gliding should be negligible, as there is no significant surface area compared to the size of the plane.
The *only* reason to pull back when stalling is if you are so close to the ground you'll, never regain control. In that case it's better to belly flop rather than nose dive.
Rathtrainer VLE for A320 is 280kt EAS or 0.67M so why not a RAT max speed? He stated that the RAT comes out automatically, but that seems irrational incase it has a max speed restriction, even at higher speed the blades will not be able to spin due to too high tip speed and high dynamic pressure.
Any type of drag at one site compared to other will create a disposable of forces. I'm not focusing on so much on the asymmetric blade effect but more on the fact that you have an object that will create parasite drag, especially as the parasite drag increases with speed.
The question is, is it noticeable. I know the rudder is extremely strong and the CFM 56 engined are strong but still.
Got a A320 TR or any aerodynamic engineering/physics degree? :)
Firecul42 But on airbus you pull back in all cases except when you're in alternative mode.
But in every other aircraft, small or big you pitch down to reduce the AOA. Every pilot get taught this, but then get taught to pull back on their airbus TR.. I get your point. But if you're stalled then you only option is to push forward to try to regain control even when you're close to ground otherwise you may fall like a stone especially with swept back wings(Tip stall).
Please. I would like to have Japanese subtitles by all means ...
Are u asking for a friend? Because your english is dope
Sorry about this buddy but in sully captain Sullenberger started up the APU
Donavan Emanuel They used both.
Donavan Emanuel by the time the APU started the RAT was already out,it takes about 1minute to start the APU.
Nice thing to háve on a plane! Makes me feel a whole lot safer.
I know, but the idea of a dead stick landing, withOUT a RAT....now thát is scary.