How the Dutch Shaped Indonesia
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- Опубликовано: 17 май 2024
- Indonesia is a country with a great diversity in climate, culture and religion. It’s so diverse because it is a construct, shaped by the Dutch and their colonial greed.
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00:00 - 01:02 - Indonesia is a special place
01:02 - 01:47 - Indonesia as a construct
01:47 - 03:08 - Pre-Europe
03:08 - 05:10 - VOC & Monopoly
05:10 - 06:20 - Plantation Economy
06:20 - 06:59 - Birth of a colonial army
06:59 - 09:22 - Greed is good
09:22 - 11:11 - Full blown Imperialism
11:11 - 13:31 - Birth of a nation?
I got great help from @ky.kale, fellow Indonesian-Dutch history nerd, especially colonial architecture. Follow him at ky.kale
Sources:
Pepijn Brandon (eds). De slavernij in Oost en West. Het Amsterdam-onderzoek
David van Reybrouck - Revolusi. Indonesië en het ontstaan van de moderne wereld
Piet Hagen Koloniale oorlogen in Indonesië: Vijf eeuwen verzet tegen vreemde overheersing
P.J. Drooglever Een daad van vrije keuze: de Papoea's van westelijk Nieuw-Guinea en de grenzen van het zelfbeschikkingsrecht 2005
Rodd McGibbon Secessionist Challenges in Aceh and Papua: Is Special Autonomy the Solution? www.files.ethz.ch/isn/26104/P...
Benidict Anderson imagined communities; is.muni.cz/el/1423/jaro2016/S...
www.newmandala.org/was-majapa...
Sandra Sardjono and Christopher Buckley (2022) A 700-years old blue-and-white batik from Indonesia. Fiber, Loom and Technique: 64-78
Hi there, my name is Jochem Boodt. I make the show The Present Past, where I show how the present has been influenced by the past. History, but connected to the present and fun!
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My Oma was Indonesian and Dutch (she's sadly passed away). Sometimes when talking about ethnicity I mention that and many people are surprised at the combination and I have to break it to them that Indonesia was a colony for more than 300yrs. In the English speaking world there is so much focus on English colonization and imperialism sometimes people forget the other European nations undertaking the same colonial and imperial expansion.
The father of my grandmother was also indonesian but nobody guess it.😂 Great video. Congratulations from France
My Oma was a cook for the Indonesian Red Cross, my Opa was a KNIL soldier. They met in Surabaya, had a daughter just before the Japanese invasion. Opa died in Japanese concentration camp while few years later Oma fought the Dutch brutal aggression. Their stories taught me a lot in my formative years.
@@wenderis My grandfather was executed by the indonesian and my grandmother went also to concentration camp.
My opa was also Dutch from his father's side, which honestly I probably should not have been surprised about considering my mom looks like your average European women.
it is said that whatever Dutch does first, British does it better. FOr example, Dutch colonized Indonesia, British colonized India
Take a ferry from Singapore to Batam, and you can see how the artificial border between Dutch and British Southeast Asia produced different realities lasting to this day. Once you reach Indonesia, you are in an environment that has much more in common with Jakarta than nearby Singapore - language, infrastructure, forms of business. All because the British and the Dutch drew a line that split the Riau Sultanate down the middle of the Singapore Straits.
of course even when you cross woodsland as well to Johor Bahru the environment totally different
Isn't this how every border is....
Batam is a great city though, a modern and industrialize city, really enjoyed it there
Besides it is unfair to compare a medium large indonesian city to a sovereign city state, Batam is also one of many Indonesian Industrial centers
@@briantarigan7685 The reason why one is a sovereign city state in the first place is because a line was drawn in the water between the Dutch and the British.
British and Dutch didn't split Riau sultanate. they split Johor Empire. Riau at that time under Johor rules
Very nice video! The Dutch Indonesia also shaped my state here in Southern Brazil. After Indonesia's independence some dutch colonists resettled on an unpopulated region of my state, that is, the northern Campos Gerais of Paraná in cities like Carambeí and Castro making a Little Netherlands in Brazil. This colonists than became the biggest producers of milk in the entire country usually associated with cooperatives with names referencing the Netherlands. Nowadays they also have some touristic potencial and every sunday in the historic dutch center of Carambeí they make a indonesian/dutch traditional lunch for the tourists, so they haven't forgotten their origins in Dutch Indonesia. It's certainly worth the trip, if you are around the region. I highly recommend it!
Wow, what an info! 😲
Never thought that before.
nice info, a piece of Indonesia in Brazil. Actually dutch indonesian diaspora spread not only in Brazil. They can be found in the US and Canada too.
Não sabia disso não, que legal.
Wow,what's the food name they serve in the event?
They received dutch-indonesian migration starting in 1937 but the majority of dutch immigrants in the Carambeí region came earlier and was not of asian dutch origin, but from the Netherlands
Fun fact: Multatuli means 'I have suffered a lot' in Latin. Multatuli is a pseudonym for the writer Eduard Douwes Dekker. He wrote the book about the coffee trade which had strong repercussions in parliament at the time.
Hi, I just want to add a note regarding to the painting at 7:48. I realized that you used Nicolaas Pieneman's "The Submission of Prince Dipo Negoro to General De Kock". As an Indonesian myself, I feel like it'll be better and more accurate if you'd use the Raden Saleh one, Penangkapan Pangeran Diponegoro.
Why is that? Pieneman’s painting showed that the painter has never been to the Dutch East Indies. He depicts Indonesians with Arabic faces, which have very different characteristics to Javanese people. Second, Diponegoro was never captured. He was tricked into believing that the Dutch wanted a peaceful talk with him to end the war. In Raden Saleh’s painting, Diponegoro’s face looks tense as he is overwhelmed with anger by the betrayal. But in Pieneman’s painting, the prince’s face is plaintive.
Nonetheless, a great video overall. Thank you for covering the history of Indonesia (albeit only a small part of it).
imigran arab di seluruh dunia hanya bikin kacau negara orang
Second this. Most, inc myself, see that depiction mostly like North Indian-Punjabs. But, yeah, Pieneman knew almost nothing about Diponegoro and Java.
LOL he is Dutch so he prefers his own side...
Thanks for the comment, I've hard of Raden Saleh, but didn't know this picture!
Kalo dulu Hindia Belanda masih ada, cowo indo pasti tampan semua.
Interestingly, across this islands of thousand different ethnics and culture, they do have same language, the Indonesian language. Among other effort of nationalizations, this epic feat largely contributed to the fact that currently, Indonesia is not only merely a construct shaped by the Dutch. It is a construct that is built by the Indonesians themselves.
Be realistic, 280 million Indonesiens earning as much as 17 million Dutch (GDP). Still a long way to go!
The leaders very sensibly chose a language NOT belonging to a local group as their national language Bahasa Indonesia. It was Malay trading language used around that part of the world. This prevented problems such as in the Philippine and India where part of the population resents having to speak the language belonging to another part
It's the Javanese that dominate the country and rule the other islands today. West Papua is Melanesian, a completely distinct ethnicity to the rest of Indonesia. They want nothing to do with Indonesia, and have been fighting for independence since Indonesia took over, but they are violently subjugated by the military, run from Java (and trained and equipped by Australia and the US). Indonesia is still a colonial country, it's just that one island's local elites has taken over managing it.
@@Pushing_Pixels they want nothing to do with indonesia..... Ha. The one who instigated the unity itself came from papuan namely frans kaisiepo. You know what forget it. You know nothing of it and only learn it thru bs western media. Those separatist only came to be after the dutch agreed to hand over half of new guinea island to Indonesia. Which means that it was their last effort to stick their white fingers on the eastern hemisphere.
To be fair tho. Indonesia is modelled after the majapahit. Which suites the political construct of current indonesia. A strong core in java. So your statement of some elites reigning unaccounted is legit
@@peterdevalk7929 be realistic. Indonesia are abundant in natueal reasources. Things are generally cheaper there. You are comparing indonesia and the dutch and european in general that often used banking system and WTO to manipulates their economy just to have an edge and survive in their barren and over exploited land
Some corrections (although this was mostly from local indonesian history book):
1. The cause for the local kings exploitation was because they were promised more reward by the dutch if they could produce surpluses in the productions, and the dutch didn't do anything to fix this as it benefited them.
2. Diponegoro was not one of these kings, and if he do, he wouldn't have gotten so much support in his war because there's no way for the people who's being exploited to support the exploiter.
3. Instead, the cause for this war was a succession conflict in Yogyakarta sultanate in which the dutch intervend to gain influence. So of course this pissed Diponegoro, who was one of the successor, and started opposing the dutch, this way he earned the support of the javanese people who was at that time suffered under the exploitation, hence the scale of the war.
4. The scale of this war caused massive loss for the dutch, and in the end they started to make some reforms to appease the people so as to not cause another rebellions, and they were successful doing it, until the culturstelsel.
Seeing your sources in the description, it seems that most of them were from the dutch so a lot of them may have been biased. It would be nice if you could include more of the indonesian sources to balance things out.
Indonesian history book for what level??? Anak SD? Anak SMP? atau Anak SMA? atau Anak Kuliah?
During my SD time, it was pre-reformasi era, the history book was largely DOWNPLAYED the roles of local rulers as the reason why the Dutch stayed for so long. As if it was all the Dutch fault.
However, the year during my SMA and Kuliah years after reformasi. The history book no longer downplay the local rulers/sultans roles in preserving Dutch East Indies. The nuance is totally different, we were taught when we were colonized it was also because of our corrupted local leaders (you cannot openly discuss this during Soeharto era history book).
Having studied history at school for both era, I learned that even in Indonesia. There is also political bias when studying history.😅
Apart from that local rulers' roles, the history mentioned in this video is pretty similar with the one we learned at school in Indonesia (for both Before and After Reformasi) such as Cultuurstelsel.
I believe if you really want to know when the history lesson start to
deviate between The Dutch and Indonesia it would be anything that happens after 1942, especially 1945-1949... Many disagreement over there. But pre-1942, the history teaching for both Indonesia and Dutch was pretty similar.
Though, I must say, this video left out the fact that the Dutch was extremely apartheid in the Indies where societies were divided into social classes and racial identity which led to Youth Movement in early 1900s. The first youth movement was due to apartheid in the Dutch East Indies Education system.
This is why after independence, only few was able to speak Dutch. Because the Dutch language was reserved to the elites. The elites tend to speak only malay to locals.
Had Diponegoro won the Java War he'll just stay content with Java state not an unified DEI
Ah right.
That's what I thought when I saw the Diponegoro section.
Well i know someone that descendent from sultan HB III generation (his other siblings apart from diponegoro), he said diponegoro never actually "rebeled" or against the sultan and yogya, it was actually an ideas brewed by sultan HB II's sons, that had enough of the dutch that were the reason for solo-yogya split and hostility, not to mention the exploitation. And diponegoro was to be the spearhead with HB III in throne, the other siblings were lived in hiding outside the keraton, even outside of yogya border, which means they lived in dutch controlled areas (now central java). Basically acting as "spies".
@@ilhamrj2599 yes that's why most Indonesian don't speak dutch. And even if my grandpa and grandma from mother side knows dutch and spoke dutch to each other (both were from "upper classes" and lived in Dutch controlled area), they didn't teach Dutch to their children, and prefer to spoke in javanese or bahasa indonesia to the kids or the servants.
And before the islands were called Indonesia and Dutch East Indies by Europeans, the Chinese called the region Nanyang or the Southern Ocean, the Arabs called them Jaza’ir al-Jawi or the Java Islands, and actual Indians called them Dwipantara or "islands in between".
Nusantara, the name chosen by the government for their new capital, means "outer islands" and this was the Old Javanese term for the archipelago. It's honestly such a cool sounding name. Better than Indonesia imo. It's nice when a country embraces its ancient heritage. The temples they built are architecturally incredible. More architects these days need to look at the past at these designs and think out of the box instead of designing the most basic skyscrapers
Taking Indonesia as name is for remembering the Colonial event, so every nationalist wont forget what happen to this country before.
If the ducth or other nation laugh to the name “indonesia” then its gonna be a fuel to more nationalist grow in this nation
Its the implementing the quotes “we forgive but we shall not forget”
Propaganda, but NOT History, has led us to believe that the Empire of Japan began its territorial expansion in the 1930’s, invading China, creating the puppet State of Manchukuo and “Provoking” the war with the Western Powers. But, Was this really, how events happened? Did Japan invade China and South East Asia? It seems so. However, the Propaganda does NOT say that for centuries, all Asia was invaded by Western Powers. England occupied India, Burma (Myanmar); Singapore, Malaysia and China (Hong Kong, Nanking, Shanghai, etc). France dominated all Indochina. The Netherlands intervened by the Force of its Arms, to all of Indonesia. And Belgium, Germany, Portugal, Spain, and of course, also the United States were in South East Asia cuz, for example this country, the US, occupied the Philippines since 1898. (Spanish-American War). Thus the panorama in the 30's, the Empire of Japan, when defeating to the Tsarist Russian Empire, it also decided to "Grow" by invading its neighbors. In those years, all European nations had colonies in Africa, India, the Middle East, Asia and America. (England came to occupy almost ¼ part of the planet). For its part, the US, in 113 years of existence as a nation in those years, had "Grown" 711 the size of its territory from its original 13 colonies. Now is the picture clear? Japan for its part, had fought on the side of the winners in World War I (1914-1918), and they, the Japanese, not awarded any "Gain". The western victors of WWI divided the world. Japan was excluded. Thus, Japan's motives for attacking and expanding as the Europeans and the US did seem clearer, right? Then they, the Japanese, attacked China in 30’s, which was occupied by 6 Western Powers for almost a century. None of the Western Powers occupying China at this time, OPPOSED or fought Japan for Invading China. NONE! Then, 11 years later after having occupied the territory of China and coexisted without any problem with the Western Powers within China, they, the Japanese, attacked Hawaii, which in turn, this Island had been occupied and annexed by the US in 1898. (In 1900-01, Hawaii became US territory and Hawaii ceased to be an independent nation after more than 630 years of sovereignty. By the time Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, the United States had just completed the 40th anniversary of the military occupation and annexation of Hawaii). They, the Japanese, attacked Singapore, which was then a Colony of England. They, the Japanese, attacked the Philippines, which were occupied by the US and whose Gov’r, Douglas MacArthur reined as Emperor. Yup… Truly like an Absolute Autocrat. Therefore, the Japanese did NOT attack (In the 40’s), Singapore, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Borneo, Timor, the Philippines, etc. In reality, the Japanese attacked England, France, Belgium, Holland, the US, etc. That is, the Japanese attacked the Western Powers invading all of Asia. That is the verifiable truth. But, Propaganda has made us believe that the good guys were us, the US. And of course… Nanking was a horrendous Genocide committed by Japan, but, it was no more horrendous than the 12 Genocides committed by the United States in his History and all over the world. Nor was it less horrendous than the Genocide committed by King Leopold II of Belgium, in Central Africa. Nor was Nanking more or less horrendous than the Genocides that the British Empire committed in America, Africa, Australia, Middle East, India and also in China too. And now, the Japanese are our friends and allies... Yup… But, to fight against China, AGAIN!!! Well… No More. No More British Malaya nor British Borneo nor British wherever. No More French Indochina. No more Dutch Indies. No More Portugese Domains. No More US Domain here. Asia is for Asians and “The China Sea” belongs to CHINA. Westerns powers have nothing to do in Asia.
Yeah name from Javanese languange in kalimantan capital make sense
Lame shortest people in the world
@@piplupempoleon4225 The Name of Nusantara is not even modern Javanese language, it's from sanskrit origin that even the first Kingdom in Indonesia, the hindu Kingdom of Kutai Martadipura(the location in East Kalimantan/Borneo) use as their goverment official language. And "Nusantara" is not just Kalimantan Capital, it's all Indonesian capital.
Nusantara is a combine word of nūsa, a word from old Javanese that mean island. Old Javanese is a languege that combine a austronesian and sanskrit. if you notice. old Javanese writing system is femiliar to sanskrit writing system. Than अन्तरा (antarā) is from sanskrit that in the early kingdom in Indonesia use as a common official languege that we can find in all early indonesian kingdom stone inscription.
Our ancestor change from "Dwipantara" to "Nusantara" because when the Singosari, Srivijaya, and Majapahit start having teritorial outside their island, Dwipa is not commenly use by the commen people in that time. They prefer to use Nusa to prefer a island description.
another interesting video (i like how you cover colonization from the dutch perspective) - glad you are back - look forward to your next production
Great video. FYI, I just found my grandfather belongings in my house. A box contain old Guldens (Dutch money), invoice and notes. This was his salaries for being a "mandoor" or supervisor for Dutch sugarcane plantation. Before he passed away, he told me a story about how ignorance the natives before were educated by "ethical policy", which made they didn't think about themself for hundreds years. Eventually, a little educated population spark the revolution for natives. This is why education always be a great weapon, ironically acted as double edge sword for Dutch in its colony.
The reason why many east Indies native is uneducated is because duct east Indies private school act, restrained native to open school, keep school costs very high for native, to the point only aristocrat and rich can access it.
My grandfather fortune enough to go elementary school (his family have rather good status in local area)
Ignorance? The region of Lampung and interior North Sumatra had more than 50% literacy rate by 1910 (Dutch sensus). Because the Dutch (and the missionaries) introduce latin script along with their not-so-ethical-but-so-called 'ethical policy', the literacy rate went down to around 5-10%. Only after we kicked the Dutch, the literacy rate went skyrocketing.
@@wenderis ya indonesia kn bukan cuma lampung bang
@@user-lr6hw4dq4t ya tentu. Sama sprti 'ignorant natives' yg disebut di atas bukan satu2nya endonesa
@@wenderis ya kan secara umum emang gak dapet akses pendidikan pra politik balas budi. Bukan berarti harus 0%. Buktinya baru ada gerakan2 inteleltual awal abad 20 an, bukan sebelumnya
Beautifully put together, well thought out. Nice one!
Great video. I'm excited to see your channel grow, you clearly are very passionate about learning and teaching about history and other cultures.
Nice work, Jochem! And congratulations on your sponsorship!! I just got back from Indonesia and am looking fwd to seeing part 2!
Goed je hier te zien Jeroen!!
Wow, another FANTASTIC video! 🔥👏 Thanks for taking the time to create this great video about Indonesia! "Terima Kasih!" 🙏🏻
Indonesian here. there's a common misconception in our people about that the dutch colonising our islands for 350 years, but that not the exact meaning of it. in fact, 350 it's about from how the dutch made an attempt to contact with the local inhabitant/pribumi and their merchant by estabilishing the VOC, and then their struggle to conquer completely the nusantara after they take over the voc because bankruptcy. but still at that that time the dutch didn't completely took over all indonesia.
I've been looking for exactly this type of video on the colonization of Indonesia for YEARS! Bedankt for making it. I'm a history teacher in the United States, and I won't speak for people's knowledge in other countries, but Indonesian history is an absolute unknown here.
I'm from Indonesia, and just want to inform that I already learnt about the history of the US war of independence and state building when I was still in elementary school (grade 5 and 6).
also man this history cover is heavlily ducth sided. if anyone wants to get a neutral one should probably find a national no... a national conservative Muslim source that didn't like to bias to much since they were desendence of those that didn't mind ducth rule but hated portugese rule
There is a book called "The Jakarta Method: Washington's Anticommunist Crusade and the Mass Murder Program that Shaped Our World"
There is another history of Indonesia that correlated with the USA,, in case you're interested.
Padahal new york sebelumnya bernama new amsterdam ...dibangun oleh dari harta indonesia yang kemudian diambil alih inggris dengan negosisasi
I'm an Indonesian and I would argue that the narrative presented by this video is not the most accurate. I would advise you to present videos from Indonesian-made content for a better understanding of the Natives social, economic, political, and cultural background at the time
Thank you so much for making this video. My son (8 yo) got his understanding better now about the past war that happened in Indonesia.
After twelve years of history classes in the Netherlands, I learned new things from this video. I hope future generations watch videos like these in their classes because it's embarrassing how little I knew after high school
Thank you JB, i really enjoy your videos. your explanation on how history influences us in the present day are really on point
Hele goede video maat! Mooi uitgelegd.
A well put explanation. Thanks for a bit of the research in our history.
The best youtube historian is back!
I like the title you landed on. Maybe you'll get fewer views than with some of the ideas that you had in your poll, but this feels more appropriate.
Awesome content! Really loved subscribing to your channel!
love Indonesia from indonesia 🇮🇩
amazing video!
if i can just ask for smth, can u please increase the volume of the audio next time?
like the clairy is great, it's just that the audio is a bit low.
i tried playing other videos to double check the problem wasn't with my device, and yours sounds a bit quiet.
other than that, great video!
keep 'em coming!!
This is perhaps my third time through watching this video. So content rich - learning something new each time.
Hey Jochem, I'm new on your channel and from that I've watched I find it super interesting and my kind of thing, I love your videos and most importantly your idea about the channel. Just like you history has always fascinated me since my childhood and I hope I get fascinated by your videos in my teenage. Love from India 🇮🇳
Great content.waiting for more content videos relating to VOC,especially Japan_Dutch Relationship during VOC era.
Ah yes, the Majapahit...Bill Wurtz did well in teaching me about that empire. Regarding Prince Diponegro, Prince Diponegoro's rebellion wasn't him overworking the farmers but rather, the Dutch were unwilling to lose influence over the Yogyakartan court by creating a succession crisis, and they also wanted to build a road through his parents' tomb which was his final straw. Of course, it ended in Dutch victory, and when they invited Diponegro for a "peace conference"...they captured him. He died in Makassar, South Sulawesi in 1855 at age 69 (nice) while kept prisoner in Fort Rotterdam.
Goddamn was this a great video. Keep it comin' bro. Great stuff.
great, very informative. all complete information. starting from its history, its natural resources, the years and the figures too. I really appreciate this video. You understand very well even though you are not an Indonesian citizen. That is all and thank you
This is so well made
Excellent video! As a brit, I didn't know the details of dutch expansion throughtout indonesia
This channel is gold!
the algorithm sucks.. i followed you and had been looking forward to another video of yours for weeks.. and months.. Im glad i remembered to come back! i enjoy your videos a ton!
glad you made it back!
good quality content. can't wait for the rise of your channel
I'd like this video great interesting history to tells, but make sure you cover up from the both perspective, so its not get biased, there's many kind of video like this who is biased, they just covered the history from western/dutch perspective, for example "western media shows that there's small rebellion conflict against the Dutch" but the fact there's bloody 4 years war not just a conflict, from the urban battle Of Surabaya in 1945 to The General Offensive of Djogjakarta of 1949, the second misconception is "Indonesia gain Independence in 1949" not 1945, its kind like US get independence in 1783, not in 1776, (Indonesia and US share similar history. Declaration and then going to war) that's kind of unrespectful for them. overall I like this kind of video.
Really enjoyed this!
Thank you for this great video, very informative
It really gives you the bigger understanding when it presented briefly in a video like this than a long history textbook, good work!
Thanks for making this. Not a lot of videos cover Dutch colonization of the Indonesia.
hey mate, thank your for this fantastic video. wether we like it or not, Indonesia and Dutch have shared and entangled history. now it's already in the past, become a lesson and story for both people of both Nations going forward. may Indonesian and Dutch people always be at peace and prosperity. cheers for us all.
regards from Indonesia
Now both countries are at peace.
Yes. Many Indonesian nowadays actually like Dutch architecture, they're so pretty and built to last.
I’m always amazed at the friendliness of the Indonesian people, even when I mention my county’s terrible deeds, for which I feel we need to apologize profusely and often! Especially the “Aksi polisionil” by the Belanda is something my generation can simply not understand 😓
@@jeromekruft don't be so fucking naive? Look at how we get along with the Germans. At this moment we are the biggest trading nations to each other!
@@jeromekruft BTW, The King apologised a few years ago. No other big empire from these ages has done that!
As an Indonesian, good video. Learnt this in school but from a different perspective
Thanks for this great video! It would be really cool if you could discuss the role of the Netherlands in the development of Capitalism and asset speculation. I’d like to learn about the tulip craze.
Lived in Bali for almost two years and can’t wait to dive into this video. Saya cinta Indonesia!! 🇮🇩
Terimakasih ❤️
Bali is the only place in indonesia that still holding on to the original cultures of our first cilization in much of area that were once indianized especially Java island. Baliness are Javanese technically.
yogyakarta mampir siniiiiii
@@davidivory3234 Indonesian muslims have rich cultural heritage. Even the culture of Aceh became the highlight of Asian Games opening ceremony. Many people wrongly assume that outside of Bali, Indonesia is cultureless Taliban land.
@@MultiDivebomber What exactly do you mean by "Taliban land" ? Care to elaborate?
Love the title you settled on!
Bro this shit was so fun to watch, fucking amazing quality man your channel is def gonna blow up soon king
A great and concise description of the Indonesia's past when the Dutch colonized the then Republic of Indonesia. Being Indonesian, I am proud of our nation's leaders who have struggled for freedom and finally proclaimed the independence of our country. Just a few notes on the narrator's spells that need correction: Majapahit not Majapit, and Hatta not Hakka. Look forward to watching the second part of the video.
Indonesian people be like :
"Ada Indonesia coy ! "
Great work!
Great content, subbed for more. Thanks
Interesting Fact: Ottoman rulers suffered because they could not protect Indonesia from the Dutch.
woah. That's interesting. was Indonesia a protectorate state of the Ottomans?
@@Gabriel-l Yes and that is called Aceh Darussalam
They are once who controls the entire Sumatra and Half of Java
And when Ottoman Empire in 18th century is Weak, the Dutch took opportunity for the prey of Colonialism by Europeans
Suffered? Well they sent a few ships.. Three arrived.. A few weapons and prayers.. That's all they could offer
Cool did not know that
@@barryirlandi4217 I would be very surprised the Ottamans could project power that far out across oceans. They would've be so lacking in naval technology after the 16th century, they couldn't handle the Portuguese and this was centuries before the Dutch war against Aceh.
Finally the best recap of my years of history class
Decent video. Overly simplified - that's the nature of this kinda vid, anyway - but nothing fundamentally erroneous. Specially love the ref to an article made by a friend (Jarrah).
Great video, thank you Sir. This story it reminds me again.
My father is from Yogyakarta and my mother is from Aceh. I've heard this story several times from my mother's father (who lived his entire life in Europe). But at that time I was young and almost forgot.
Great video as per, looking forward to the rest of the series. Just one thing, during Chapter 3, you talked about English colonies - but the Acts of Union was in 1707 - so they were British colonies. A key distintion to make !
I just hope that the part 2 will be criticall for Indonesian to reflect but not failed to understand how nationalism in Indonesia grew like so many other videos that using european model on developing natiolism (i.e. ethicity). We can be critiall about some treatement that minorities get in Indonesia but still understand that is it because ethnic/religius differences or political entanglement from both outside and/or inside Indonesia.
Post more, this is amazing
Well done! Continue.
Soekarno is the key to Indonesian independence......
He is Leadership
You didn’t need the Belgians but you needed a Belgian to write the critical book on Dutch colonialism in Indonesia
i wonder if it was written before or after the congo experiment
@@JasperKlijndijk the very same Belgian in question also wrote the most poignant historical book on Congo (and with that all the Belgian atrocities).
You know the saying: you can't build beautiful Victorian cities without some colonial atrocities
@@arnovr6947 Who we talking about?
also do some Indonesian Colonialism in East Timor and Papua.
Awesome video, u got a new sub
Best explanation I have heard so far.
Another great video about Dutch history! However, I did notice some 'mistakes'. The cultuurstelsel was not implemented until 1830, not 1815. And the Java-war (1825-1830) did not start because of the cultuurstelsel, it was actually the other way around. Because of the Java-war and eventually the Belgian independence war, The Netherlands was broke. This is why they implemented the cultuurstelsel. You could say that the landrentestelsel was similar enough to be considered part of the cultuurstelsel however it definitely did not start the Java war and started in 1813 not 1815. The biggest surprise for me, was that you said that the Java war was started because of the abolishing of the cultuurstelsel. This is just plain wrong. The cultuurstelsel was ended in 1870, but the java war started BEFORE this whole stelsel. Actually against the rising of Calvinism in the region, plus meddling in a succession crisis by the Dutch caused this war.
Listen again Sam, this is exactly my point :)
@@ThePresentPast_ I just listened again, point still stands imo. please elaborate haha
The 10 day independence war with Belgium? Really? No, they were broke because of the Napoleontic occupation.
@@DenUitvreter not the war, the 9 year long state of readiness caused the Dutch coffers to be empty
@@DenUitvreter Willem 1 kept the Dutch Army fully mobilised until 1839. You can imagine the cost.
Just a little fact according to volume 2 of the book "Van Nul tot Nu": on page 7, the Indonesian farmers were FORCED to cultivate pepper plants instead of rice, by the decree of the governor-general Jan Pieterzoon Coen!
Guess what happens to the rice price at harvest time? But the Dutch couldn't care less about whether the local population would starve or not. It's ALL about profits.....
Can't wait for the second part
Very good video. Thank you for that❤
I really appreciate and enjoyed this video. Ive heard indonesia called the 'biggest invisible thing in the world', and honestly its not far off. Im indonesian but lived most of my life in the middle east and now canada, and i rarely hear a peep about it. even I know embarassingly little about the country's history. Ill probably be using your sources as some reading material in the coming weeks haha. Looking forward to the next part.
Thank you for bring Max Havelaar. Multatuli with his book make everything changed colonialism in east indies because that book had powerful impact for Dutch government, because of that Dutch government give east indies noble family go to school, in the future first generation who had knowledge from school share their idea of indendence until Soekarno/Hatta generation
Thank You , for the content
Great video!!
It is truly amazing what Europeans were able to achieve. They are impressive people.
What? Impressive people the Europeans? Not! Our Economic, Political and Military development was established thanks to the Piracy, the Slavery, the Massacres, the Opium Trade or Cocaine Traffic, and the Weakness of many abused sovereign nations. Look Here: Propaganda, but NOT History, has led us to believe that the Empire of Japan began its territorial expansion in the 1930’s, invading China, creating the puppet State of Manchukuo and “Provoking” the war with the Western Powers. But, Was this really, how events happened? Did Japan invade China and South East Asia? It seems so. However, the Propaganda does NOT say that for centuries, all Asia was invaded by Western Powers. England occupied India, Burma (Myanmar); Singapore, Malaysia and China (Hong Kong, Nanking, Shanghai, etc). France dominated all Indochina. The Netherlands intervened by the Force of its Arms, to all of Indonesia. And Belgium, Germany, Portugal, Spain, and of course, also the United States were in South East Asia cuz, for example this country, the US, occupied the Philippines since 1898. (Spanish-American War). Thus the panorama in the 30's, the Empire of Japan, when defeating to the Tsarist Russian Empire, it also decided to "Grow" by invading its neighbors. In those years, all European nations had colonies in Africa, India, the Middle East, Asia and America. (England came to occupy almost ¼ part of the planet). For its part, the US, in 113 years of existence as a nation in those years, had "Grown" 711 the size of its territory from its original 13 colonies. Now is the picture clear? Japan for its part, had fought on the side of the winners in World War I (1914-1918), and they, the Japanese, not awarded any "Gain". The western victors of WWI divided the world. Japan was excluded. Thus, Japan's motives for attacking and expanding as the Europeans and the US did seem clearer, right? Then they, the Japanese, attacked China in 30’s, which was occupied by 6 Western Powers for almost a century. None of the Western Powers occupying China at this time, OPPOSED or fought Japan for Invading China. NONE! Then, 11 years later after having occupied the territory of China and coexisted without any problem with the Western Powers within China, they, the Japanese, attacked Hawaii, which in turn, this Island had been occupied and annexed by the US in 1898. (In 1900-01, Hawaii became US territory and Hawaii ceased to be an independent nation after more than 630 years of sovereignty. By the time Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, the United States had just completed the 40th anniversary of the military occupation and annexation of Hawaii). They, the Japanese, attacked Singapore, which was then a Colony of England. They, the Japanese, attacked the Philippines, which were occupied by the US and whose Gov’r, Douglas MacArthur reined as Emperor. Yup… Truly like an Absolute Autocrat. Therefore, the Japanese did NOT attack (In the 40’s), Singapore, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Borneo, Timor, the Philippines, etc. In reality, the Japanese attacked England, France, Belgium, Holland, the US, etc. That is, the Japanese attacked the Western Powers invading all of Asia. That is the verifiable truth. But, Propaganda has made us believe that the good guys were us, the US. And of course… Nanking was a horrendous Genocide committed by Japan, but, it was no more horrendous than the 12 Genocides committed by the United States in his History and all over the world. Nor was it less horrendous than the Genocide committed by King Leopold II of Belgium, in Central Africa. Nor was Nanking more or less horrendous than the Genocides that the British Empire committed in America, Africa, Australia, Middle East, India and also in China too. And now, the Japanese are our friends and allies... Yup… But, to fight against China, AGAIN!!! Well… No More. No More British Malaya nor British Borneo nor British wherever. No More French Indochina. No more Dutch Indies. No More Portugese Domains. No More US Domain here. Asia is for Asians and “The China Sea” belongs to CHINA. Westerns powers have nothing to do in Asia.
Yes we are
@@YourfavoritefaceGEKOLONISEERD 🇳🇱
dutch must pay back Indonesia 7 trilion dollar for their cruelty..
No.
@@drpepper3838 dutch and england rob our gold
Great video!! As someone with a bad hearing, would it be possible to increase the volume of the video's that you upload? :)
This video greatly reminds me of Johnny Harris' style... Very simplified history with great visuals, but this one also has some citation links
Thank you for making this insightful video. As a Javanese Indonesian working for a Dutch company and having a lot of Dutch good friends, this really put things into perspective. One cause and effect sparked another and so on.
From this history we can learn not to do it again, both sides.
PS: if you're a Dutch, trust me you won't be troubled when visiting Indonesia. Most of us are ridiculously super friendly 😂
Dude, the colonization happened nearly 80 years ago. It was only idiots and ultranationalists that still held grudge against the Dutch. Even then, most people here knew them as insane.
Bantar gebang🇲🇨
The joke: "You Belandas should've stayed lol" gets flung aroud a lot, I noticed.
Great video! A small bit of technical feedback: the audio levels vary quite widely between you talking on camera and voiceover.
thx will fix that
I love this video, thank you
This video give more history lessons than my teacher. Im Indonesian
Fantastic video! So interesting to get an in-depth look at the Netherlands colonial history. Especially considering they, alongside England, were the first to spread capitalism around the world
Well the VOC was the first and biggest Multinational EVER, 10 times bigger than any other British company until this very day. After we invaded England Scotland and Ireland things were turning towards the later British empire. Just saying!
Thanks, this is a good documentary on the history of the Dutch East Indies.
Really good video, but definitely glossed over the VOC segment of the video, particularly the diplomatic and military aspects of it
Just a few week ago I'm transiting for over 6 hour at Schiphol, and when my friends ask I where I am, I tell they that I'm in the country that made Indonesia.
the country without which Indonesia would not exist, just as you say in this video.
I'm Indonesian btw.
You're not wrong, without the Dutch, we wouldn't be a modernized state. Heck, even Sukarno himself, the strong anti-Dutch, got his education and skills partly from the Dutch.
But to say that Indonesia was created by the Dutch is only a partial answer. There's a lot to that. The national patriots did their fair share. The Japanese too. The old Hindu-Buddhist memories of Majapahit kept the spirit of Nusantara alive. I can't say the same for Islam though, because, brave and fierce as they were to fight for the Sultanates, unfortunately we'd still be small Sultanates fighting each other. Remember how Bali, of all places, the nearest to Java, was the LAST place to be colonized by the Dutch. Goes to show the Hindus were probably on good terms with the Dutch for a long time. Yeah maybe it's a religious conflict after all.
dutch didnt "made" indonesia. our founding fathers did.
@@rizkyadiyanto7922 bs, when the Dutch came early 17th century there was no Indonesië, only some kingdoms etc, shopping each others heads of. Ofcourse the Dutch did their fare shear of shopping themselves, but without them there would NOT be an Indonesië.
@@peterdevalk7929 before the dutch there was majapahit, it was even larger than modern indonesia because it also include malay peninsula.
@@rizkyadiyanto7922 learn history my boy! There was NO such thing like a united majapahit. At that time it was a bunch of feudalistic states butchering each other.
I just liked that Indonesia and Netherlands are at peace now and have strong trade business. I hope colonialisation never happened again.
Peace and prosperity for Indonesia-Netherlands 🇮🇩 🙏🇳🇱
God Bless Us ☝️
At peace? when you kill someone you bring them peace too.
What about compensation? something like Germany compensated Jewish people 😒😒😒
@@Mym794 they're already did 🙏
@@vidarodinson5246 when? What I know is there is "a plan" to only compensate the children they executed their parents.
@@Mym794 2020 but the problem is there is no info about Indonesian Gov accepted It.
Excellent content
man you give me more understanding than my guru sejarah tell me in my entire school terimakasih
The Netherland never apologized for Its colonial period !
Yes we did. Multiple times. You're just not strong enough in your heart to forgive us. There has to be some forgiveness down the line.
Apart from that - Indonesia has its own horrible track record of atrocities it hasnt adressed.
Now, that's explain why current Indonesia is very much anti-monarchy and die hard Republic
Thanks for making historical video of Indonesia. Please continue until WW II that also shaped the independence of Indonesia
Great video even the local history text books have erased many details that I learned from your research thanks for the sharing the past colonial brutality. Something that we can learn about what not to do in modern day management that seems to be the pervasive remote slavery for startups and mnc
Are you Dutch? (Just curious). Could you please do a video on the Netherlands Antilles and what the differences were once the Dutch took the islands from the Spanish? What did they use them for and how both colonizers shaped them and their people?
He is, yes. He says so in his intro video.
One thing that struck me about how pervasive and insidious the Dutch influence has been in essentially creating Indonesia is the Indonesian language. When I visited Bali, the Indonesian language was utterly dominant. I worked on learning Indonesian before I went because you could barely find materials on Balinese, and when I was there, any interaction that could not be handled in English could easily be handled in Indonesian, there was no need to know any Balinese and no advantage to learning it. I saw almost no public signage nor heard any public media in Balinese - everything was in Bahasa Indonesia. This level of cultural obliteration and banishment of local languages from the public space is stunning, and it is all thanks to the successor regime's effort to forge a single nation out of a highly diverse archipelago forcibly united by the Dutch.
Oh I couldn't imagine if we were still using our local languages. Indonesian language (Malayu) was selected because it was the lingua franca of the archipelago, even before the Independence.
It was the language of trade, of diplomatic relations, a language that unites all. But imagine how the Javanese language was not selected as the national language, despite the Javanese comprising nearly 90% of the archipelago's population at the time.
Hmmm, yes and no. Yes in the sense that, like most other European countries, the Dutch did try create a single region out of many different ones. No in the sense that technically the Dutch never went as far as to try create a universal language. As you say yourself it was the successor regime. Bahasa Indonesia was created at a later stage post independence. So you can blame the Dutch for creating this belief in a single nation, but you cannot entirely blame them for the obliteration of local languages. Not trying to dimiss the colonial legacy entirely, but at this point you sort of dismiss the responsibility of the post independence government.
??? people still talk with their respective traditional languages tho? ofc not in public places and involving bules cause... why would they do that lmao? my batak mom still speaks batak with her family. my friends here in central java speak javanese with each other regularly. where i come from, west java, sundanese or basa sunda is a mandatory lesson in all schools. and on social medias, you get tons and tons of contents in various traditional languages. I'm not saying that our languages need zero protection, but as an indonesian myself i can tell you that our languages are still very much used in our day to day life.
@@captaincronch6007 it's a substratum level, though, particularly in Bali where I could directly observe it, and that is overall very unhealthy for the status and overall use of those languages, even if it takes a few generations for the effects to be fully felt. What you're describing would apply to the status of the Irish language for centuries, but it eventually underwent near-total collapse.
as an Indonesian i dont really understand you considering we use our regional languages normally as slang or entirely, but the reason much of the media uses Indonesia is solely because how the majority population (Javanese and Sundanese) have spread across the archipelago, and the reason we even made it was to give a common language as an answer to the hundreds of languages where going for a 30 minute walk will intertwine you with 3-4 local languages. The state i live (Banten) can have multiple cultures from Javanese, Sundanese, Batak, Aceh, Betawi, and much more in common whilst being able to communicate with each other for normal actions. And much of my family can still communicate normally with our local languages, with many schools doing cultural exchanges and strong encouragement to present their culture to everyone. If you didnt find any local languages then it might be because you didnt speak Balinese. A local from Bali cant expect the person next to them to know their language just because they might be a Javanese or Ambonese.
Your best video man
This is magnificent
I appreciate how you started with "350 years" and then explained the course of timeline started from Banda to Acheh. Some, or I could say majority, of Indonesian do not aware about this: Indonesia is a political construct. We, our founding fathers, chose to be Indonesia. Indonesia's national motto shown this idea. "Bhinneka tunggal ika", which taken from Javanese sanskrit text, means "Unity in diversity". I am a Lampungnese, people of southern tip of Sumatera, who live in Jakarta, a muslim and I am Indonesian.
Thank you Jochem, really worth the wait. Very dope that you can fit a very highlighted overview of Dutch-controlled Indonesia under 15 minutes, and surprisingly more impressive to see how far back the relationship and influence that many East Asian nations had with Indonesia and other South East Asian countries, (Like the fact that there were Chinese farmers in Indonesia in the 18th century, and Japanese Samurai mercenaries in the 16th century even with the ongoing Japanese period of Isolationism). Because many of these intersect of cultures were very much left unmentioned to create a sense of national unity, especially after the purge of Chinese-Indonesians in the 1960s and later on in 1998.
Great to hear!
There was also trade with the Ryuku Kingdom which acted as middleman between East Asian and Southeast Asian trade, especially during the Japanese isolation period.
The Japanese were brought there by the Dutch.
@@onebigsnowball They hired ronin to work as mercenaries for the VOC (Dutch East India Company).
The Dutch were the only western empire to trade with Japan for almost 250 years, as if from the early 17th century. Look up Rangaku and amaze yourself!
awesome , bro... thanks
Thanks. Top-notch.
Saya sebagai orang Indonesia sangat mengapresiasi rangkaian dari konten yang anda buat tentang Indonesia.
Tetap selalu berkarya, brother.