HOW IT'S MADE: Magnets
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- Опубликовано: 4 июн 2024
- HOW IT'S MADE: Magnets
There are classic main shapes of magnets that are manufactured in the industry. These molds are filled with sand and smoothened out completely. Then gases are pumped into the furnace and this chemically alters the sand, hardening it completely. This would next be infused with metals like copper, cobalt, sulfur, pure iron, aluminum, and even titanium.
These metals are loaded into an induction furnace and are heated upto 3000 degrees Fahrenheit! This mixes with the sand in the mold and forms the metal mix. It is then cooled. The molds are shattered by the workers or the machines and we obtain a lot of metal pieces.
Step #2. Magnetizing the metal pieces
There would be a set of rings which is a really powerful electromagnet. The ring-covered pipe is placed in a tube with the silica sand hardened metal pieces and both ends of the tube are sealed with concrete.
It is then passed through an electric furnace which heats up the tube until it is red. This allows the rings inside to accept an electromagnetic field which will be delivered by this metal rod.
The rod slides down the center of the copper pipe and is clamped into place thoroughly. The water keeps the pipe from melting as a low-voltage high-current charge is delivered to the rings. Later, the seal is broken and the rings would be mildly magnetized. You may wonder why this isn’t very powerful, but it is only because the material is getting prepped for magnetization.
This step empowers them with a strong electromagnetic charge such that the establishment of that weak magnetic field earlier ensures that the magnetization is now properly oriented.
This is the basic overview, but how are the next few steps done in an industrial process?
Making magnets in the industry
There are various processes to make magnets but the most common method has to be Powder Metallurgy where a pre-decided metal mix is pulverized and heated to meld it all together in a liquid phase sintering. Most of the magnets you find are sintered magnets.
Ferrite, Samarium cobalt, and neodymium-iron-boron magnets are all made like this.
The SmCo and Neo magnets mentioned before are made first by melting them under a vacuum or some inert gas in an induction melting furnace.
This is poured into a mold or processed in a strip caster which forms thin strips. This is then pulverized to form a fine powder that can be from 3 upto 7 microns in diameter. This powder is highly chemically reactive and even capable of igniting spontaneously in the air, and thus must be protected from oxidation in the air.
The compacting of this powder is super important as aligning the particles so that in the finished piece all the magnetic regions should be pointing in a prescribed direction.
Step #3. Compacting or Pressing
This is done by axial or transverse pressing where the powder is placed in a cavity and just before the pressing, the magnetic field is applied. So, the compaction just fixes the particles in this alignment. This leads to a high-energy product that is very efficient.
There is even another compaction method called isostatic pressing where a flexible container is filled with powder and dunked into a fluid which could be hydraulic fluid or water which is used to compact it. The main advantages are that large blocks can be made where the powder stays in good alignment.
Step #4. Sintering
These are next directed through a vacuum sintering furnace where the particular temperatures and type of vacuum or inert gas would determine the type and grade of the magnet being produced. This has a well-studied list and following those conditions are very important. When it reaches room temperature, both materials are given a lower temperature heat treatment.
During sintering, the magnets actually reduce in size to about 15 to 20 percent of their original size. The finished magnets have a rough surface and irregular dimensions.
Step #5. Finishing
The finishing aspect gives shape to the magnets. This requires little diamond wheels for slicing or abrasive wheels for shaping. The magnet material is both brittle yet very hard. Slicing has to be performed with superb precision and it has to be monitored carefully to prevent cracks and slips.
When many pieces have to be manufactured, in bulk, about 5000 and more, tooling is preferred. When pressing to shape, all the material scrap would be minimized, thus avoiding wastage.
The order quantity, part shape, size, and complexity will all contribute to the decision of the method of manufacture. The delivery time will also affect all the decisions as making limited quantities from stock blocks is better than ordering tooling for press-to-shape parts.
Many specialized magnet shapes can be made from these alloys but the materials we’ve discussed above are best suited for simpler shapes. Machined magnets will have sharp edges that could be prone to chipping.
#howitsmade #magnets #howitsdone
You two are hilarious to watch!
Thanks for letting us tow along with ya!
Very hurried breathless explanation. Need many more repetition to familiarise and understand the content. Thanks for the effort.
The best use of magnets = for cubing, spring noise is finally a thing of the past.
This just uses the footage from Discovery's How It's Made and dubs over a summary of the same thing. I don't know if this is legal, but it's not an improvement over the original.
do a how its made: success and happiness
Poorly done video! I have to stop watching halfway through the video because I cannot digest what the video shows and feel like vomiting everything out. This video tries to cover all types of magnets in the world but do not explain technically how magnets are manufactured, despite its title.
This is for the casual, that drink a few beers like me. cool your jets. It's like an introductory resource.
Amazing
I'm interesting in learning this.
It sounds like the source of 'magnetism', is in the initial compounds, then heated to some, super-high, controlled degree?
Magnetized cities with rocketsrockets underneath 😮
Good job.
Imaging process.
I have a questing.
How many Voltage & Current need process it?
Based on my estimates, a small (hand-held) horseshoe magnet needs about 8250 Joules (300 DCV and 27.5 DCA for 1s) to get magnetized.
Dudes just reading off a Wikipedia page or something lol
And a lot of the footage is ripped directly from another video from Discovery UK that shows how magnet manufacturing is done that they basically just chopped up and dubbed over. Sad. SMH
I agree
Did anyone understand a word of what this guy said
You stole the video from Discovery UK
Good job
ask my sister, what time is it. she will talk for 45 seconds before you get the time. this video reminds me of talking to my sister.
I can provide ferrite press and magnet supporting equipment
What he is doing in 3:57 minutes. I just need to know that.Can anyone help me?
he is magnetizing an Alnico horseshoe magnet on a magnetizing fixture - when he pushes a button, one side of the fixture becomes a North pole, the other side a South pole. at 3:53 the horseshow was still not magnetized yet, after this step it will become magnetized.
He literally stole tihs
*ferromagnetic! NOT ferrimagnetic...
In order for there to be two energies fermie cells which comprise an Oort cloud magnetosphere there has to be an equator/plane separating the two energies like the Milky way or solar plane where the moons/planets/stars are held.
Think while it is still legal.
My biggest problem is that all the videos shown during the dialog have almost nothing to do with the topic
it does, in the beginning where it was plagiarized
1k 👍
Gente vamos fazer o youtube dominado por JESUS!
Cole isso em todos os vídeos que você vê!
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fixa?
magnetic wire
Noice
Horrible. Monotone, too fast, no depth
Super 👍🏻👍🏻 🇮🇳 || Kuki 26|03|2022
I can provide ferrite press and magnet supporting equipment
I wanted you to get 100000000 subscribers
Thx youtube for removing dislikes
Gadder
Very good
This whole video is technical overload. I got nothing out of it because the creator seemed to be reading off of a college student level script.
Probably better off watching a different video that only talks about the magnet polarity manufacturing.
same here... I like the videos and the idea behind them but I'm having trouble understanding the narrator
idk what exactly you expected. making magnets is so simple it would hardly make 3min video. besides, this is half plagiarized from the original.
you melt a mix of metal suitable for magnets and cast it into magnet shape molds, let cool then break the molds and extract the cast. separate the new castings into their individual magnet pieces and clean them up. the last step is tricky, charging. it helps to know some quantum mechanics for this but if you send electricity thru the magnet shape piece of metal, it will align the magnetic domains which i think are just electrons spinning all sorts of ways idk, look up "what is magnatism". but yeah. so if the domains are random before charging like
~|S|>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>|N|~~~~ this does not and will amplify the effect of magnatism because the forces do not work against themselves.
i hope it makes sense. ~ field strength > domain spin direction |S|>|N| south & north of magnet
btw, polarity manufacturing is cool stuff. i assume u mean how they get multiple polls on one surface? or weird pole shaped that dont match the material shape? i seen a vid about that from the company who pioneered it.
btw, its not too technical,its too wordy and they all run together. holycow this vid issss.... wow(edit) i think its a txt to speech synth. thats why it sound kinda monotone even tho it really isnt. just the cadence never changes and is way too steady
yep. I agree. it makes me a little sleepy when he talks non-stop.
I understand why this is such horrible video. there is no pacing in speech and very monotone. it is like reading without punctuation.
just try to read this
there is another even another compaction method called isostatic pressing wave flexible container is filled with iodine and dunk it with fluid which can be hydraulic fluid or water which is use to compacted it.
u don't understand? me too
What about chick magnets?
This isnt how its made. This is how its bullsh*t
Stolen content & poor explanation
Original video: ruclips.net/video/qed4ynPYVIA/видео.html
Absolutely boring
This has got to be the worst video ever