The Actual Reason Men Die First
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- Опубликовано: 30 май 2022
- Because females often outlive males, behavior is often blamed - but there is a decent chance our sex chromosomes might be to blame instead.
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To learn more about this topic, start your googling with these keywords:
- Chromosome: a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
- Gene: the basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child.
- Mutation: the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.
- Recessive allele: a type of allele which will not be manifested in an individual unless both of the individual's copies of that gene have that particular genotype.
- Transposon: a chromosomal segment that can undergo transposition, especially a segment of bacterial DNA that can be translocated as a whole between chromosomal, phage, and plasmid DNA in the absence of a complementary sequence in the host DNA.
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REFERENCES
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Austad, Steven N., and Kathleen E. Fischer. “Sex Differences in Lifespan.” Cell Metabolism, vol. 23, no. 6, June 2016, pp. 1022-1033, 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.019.
Bronikowski, Anne M., et al. “Sex‐Specific Aging in Animals: Perspective and Future Directions.” Aging Cell, vol. 21, no. 2, 23 Jan. 2022, 10.1111/acel.13542.
Nguyen, Alison H., and Doris Bachtrog. “Toxic Y Chromosome: Increased Repeat Expression and Age-Associated Heterochromatin Loss in Male Drosophila with a Young Y Chromosome.” PLOS Genetics, vol. 17, no. 4, 22 Apr. 2021, p. e1009438, 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009438.
Peona, Valentina, et al. “The Avian W Chromosome Is a Refugium for Endogenous Retroviruses with Likely Effects on Female-Biased Mutational Load and Genetic Incompatibilities.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol. 376, no. 1833, 26 July 2021, p. 20200186, 10.1098/rstb.2020.0186.
Sultanova, Zahida, et al. “Genetic Sex Determination and Sex-Specific Lifespan in Tetrapods - Evidence of a Toxic Y Effect.” BioRxiv, 9 Mar. 2020, www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.09.983700v1.full, doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.09.98....
Sultanova, Zahida, et al. “The “Unguarded-X” and the Genetic Architecture of Lifespan: Inbreeding Results in a Potentially Maladaptive Sex-Specific Reduction of Female Lifespan In Drosophila Melanogaster.” Evolution, vol. 72, no. 3, 2 Feb. 2018, pp. 540-552, 10.1111/evo.13426.
Sultanova, Zahida. (2022). Personal communication.
Xirocostas, Zoe A., et al. “The Sex with the Reduced Sex Chromosome Dies Earlier: A Comparison across the Tree of Life.” Biology Letters, vol. 16, no. 3, Mar. 2020, p. 20190867, 10.1098/rsbl.2019.0867.
Xirocostas, Zoe A. (2022). Personal communication. 
Наука
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the y chromosome isn't small, its above average and i bet it has a great personality
thank you, I was looking for these type of jokes in the comments
This took way to long for me to get, but I’m glad I got it.
I completely agree with your statement 😆
gotta use this joke more often
Yea, and just wait. Y just needs some support, he'll get big and strong eventually.
I never seen someone so cheerfully telling me "you are living 7 years less"
We can change that
@@zainmudassir2964 we also don't have blood coming out our genitalia one a month xd
and yet, in countries where retirement is goverment-based, women usually retire few years earlier
@@Devit42 true! Why is that? So unjust
you are living 7 years less*
*on average
Shouldn't men be allowed 7 years early retirement?
Female privalege
Good point.
In my country women retirement age is 5 years earlier 😂
It's the opposite all around the world 💀
Female privilege
In my country women gets money for being a woman and to enjoy their youth 🤡@@M43782
"You should probably hope you aren't a man."
What a way to find out
Hey I'm a man and I find sexiest. 😠
That is like a 50 year old women mocking 18 year old girls for having periods while she doesn’t
Not only men. XY women have the same problem
@@eljanrimsa5843 there is no such thing as xy women. XP
@@SolitaryElite Yes they can, look up Swyer Syndrome.
me with a small chromosome listening to the ending joke: I'm glad my 7 years shorter life on average amuses you so much.
7 years less of suffering on this earth is a bonus tho
I want early death. In my bed while sleeping is ideal. I don't wanna experience the horrors of old age and its illnesses and loneliness.
@@TheCraddingGuy You must be fun at parties…
you're laughing , half the population dies 7 year younger and you're laughing
"Always look at the bright side of life..."
My grandpa died at 2011, at the age of 82
My grandma died at 2018, at the age of 82.
Men do die 7 years earlier than women
Yeah
wot?
@@tacbleded202 grandpa is 7 years older than grandma
lol
Wait a second I'm so confused now. . .
I wish I'd got this news from someone who didn't sound so happy about it.
Ditto, my brother
I'm not surprised when it's a female voice narrating.👀
@@johndavidson3424 male snowflakes ☕☕ making imaginary porblems to get mad about
@@johndavidson3424 at least we aren’t male praying mantises
It's just her voice. Though, the music doesn't really help
What in the actual fuck was the ending??? "Let's hope you're not male so you life longer" like what???
As a women I ain't wanna live longer 😭😭😭 let's swap places bro
It’s hilarious that so many people are triggered by this video. Would you rather have a womb? No, thanks. Let me die young, please.
Probably not the best ending that they could have come up with. While this maybe true please spare us more men are bad nonsense, we already get enough of that from all the woke zealots out there.
@@ilgatto7327 what the, is bro getting political?
Don't worry. This video is outdated. Science, biology no longer applies to us. We can choose to be non-binary or to be transgendered so we are no longer stuck with the sex chromosomes we were born with. I now identify as someone who has two big sex chromosomes, so I will no longer be fated to die early.
Men: *Have Y chromosome*
Men: "Guess we'll die."
Welp just one more reason to live riskier then
@@BLOODKINGbro the Y in XY chromosome actually stands for YOLO
"Dont worry brother, our life are fun."
someone can add Y chromosome GM for longer life and health... maybe. don't ask me. :P
I mean, 100% of people die from death and death-related causes.
I never knew that other species had reversed gender for short chromosomes. Really interesting.
Read up on sex-determination systems, there’s a lot of weird ways to determine sex. And of course, there is hermaphroditism, which is not determining sex at all.
In humans our sex chromosomes are X and Y. In animals where their males have 2 big sex chromosomes, they have W and Z instead. So it's a different type of sex chromosome basically.
I watched a RUclips video a while ago that had a good description of the different methods of sex determination (including temperature of turtle eggs!). Unfortunately, I can't remember what it was called or what channel it was on, but if you can find it that would probably answer your question better than I can.
Ted ed has a summarized video on it
They said actual reason because they knew there'd be people who think the only reason is men being told to ''man up''. There is always room for social influences, but ''man up'' can also have is uses.
I hope this chromosome size becomes the new penis size bragging and shaming tactic.
why are you so happy about it?
Well, I can only assume that the narrator is a human female, so she has 2 big chromosomes and knows she will live longer :p
Right?
Cause she's a woman ☕️
Considering the state of the world today, maybe that's not such a bad thing
With any luck, we'll be peacefully dead before they announce the shitty sequel to WW3: Electric Boogaloo
@Drebolaskan what is your problem?🙄
I don't care, being a man is awesome
fr fr
Women have to deal with childbirth and period cramps
Imagine having XXY and still male I'm good with
It comes with a free pee hose.
@@cattysplat and also less chances of urinary infections because of public toilets
I love how at the end they pretty much tell you that you better hope to not be a guy to find out exactly why males tend to die first.
I agree it's pretty crude and in poor taste, but it didn't sound like it came out of malice
@@Loading-lg6hs True, they could've worded it differently though.
I gasped in male shock at the sexism of it
Actually, you can be a guy -- cis even -- and still have the big chromosome. One way it can happen is if a certain gene -- the gene that triggers the amount of testosterone necessary for the fetus to head down the path of male development -- ends up on the wrong chromosome. It's rare but _can_ happen. Another teacher told me that this is also the reason why schools stopped having a lab where students do chromosome tests on their own DNA, as that caused quite a confusing existential ruckus when this possibility hadn't been mentioned beforehand.
Edited to add my source for the last part.
I kinda picked up on that too. Yikes.
are there any species without chromosome size differences? and if so, do they still have gendered death ratios?
Turtles for one, where sex determination is based on temperature that the eggs experience when incubating. (Not so fun fact: Yes, their gender ratios are getting skewed by global warming)
I don't know about the gendered death ratios, but might be able to look it up.
In fact, the "small chromosome" is small because it doesn't participate in recombination, which in turn causes it to lose genetic code and genes over time, decreasing its size as time and generations go on. Because of this every single species that relies on chromosomes to determine sex eventually gets to a point where the non-recombinant chromosome starts to stop functioning, and is forced to evolve some other method of sex determination, at least for a while. Some use genes in recombinant chromosomes, some use environment temperature during gestation, some change sex as they age, etc...
This is possibly one of the reasons why sex determination in most species is controlled by a whole bunch of genes, spread across most if not all chromosomes. The non-recombinant chromosome usually just carries a "master switch" that the other genes involved in sex determination respond to. It's also the reason why sex is not quite binary -- if any of those other genes don't respond as usual to the "master switch"'s presence or absence, you can get partial sex determination, leading to i.e. intersex people, or to those insects that can be male on their left side and female on their right side, etc...
I guess Platypus since they have so many sexual chromosomes.
@@tubebrocoli this was enlightening tbh ,
it kinda makes sense that one gene on the Y chromosome isn't responsable for the limited differences in sex between us humans ,
also yeah genes are pretty complicated we are not quite ready to meddle with them yet , i recently learned about the function of introns , and the fact dna is really modular ( genes code for a section of a protein the way in wich proteins get recombined creates the hundreds of proteins we see in our metabolism ) and in general it works in ways wich we don't really understand / some will pretend to understand to sell you into some master race bs
@@tubebrocoli This is awesome information, thank you for sharing!
Interesting video. An important set of data that you don't mention is the differences between countries on this matter. For example the difference lifespan of men and women in The Netherlands is only 3.2 years and in Sweden 3.3, while people in these countries get a few years older than average. Clearly living circumstances are playing a big role and make the difference between men and women smaller as they improve.
I wonder if they have bigger Y chromosomes
We need more focus on men health. Including mental health.
The video was more focused on the biological aspects of it in regards to all animal species, not focusing on specific human population differences
@@derpychicken2131 I think he made an example of situations being rough for males and thus shorter life span on average whether animal or human.
and isn't it also true that taller people live less on average and since men are usually taller then their counterparts in almost all populations and this trend can't be taken out of the equation unlike the social trends like a dangerous job , alcohol ,smoking
me trying convince myself everyday there isn't an international plague of mocking and belittling men
and then this video is recommended
one day please, just one day
PSA: For anyone wondering about the "length is important for men" jokes - the original title of this video read "Size Matters". :D
Such a misandrist title.
@@samuraijosh1595 it's a joke stop taking it seriously
@@samuraijosh1595 that's why it got changed lol
@@missdemeanor608 crack a fat woman joke and see how many will take it seriously.
@@samuraijosh1595 Male Snowflake Alert ⚠️ 📢
One thing that I think should been made more clear is that this is a statistical phenomenon, sort of like how in the 1700's the average lifespan was 40... after you consider the high infant mortality. People who actually made it to adulthood would regularly live to 80 or more, they didn't just drop dead at 40. Similarly, having a Y chromosome might put you at higher risk of detrimental disorders, but if you *don't* have them, you'll likely live as long as your XX counterparts.
Open a random population pyramid
@@agus5621 And look at the statistical phenomenon?
FINALLY, i have been explaning every simple dumbass about the fact that it is fucking statistical and NOT something that happens on average.
It’s not just male medical disorders, men just don’t typically live as long as women
Minute earth make pretty interesting and enjoyable content, but the message isn't 100% concrete. I'm not saying the information is wrong, males do experience those genetic disorders more than females for those reasons, I'm just saying this likely isn't the reason for such a huge age difference.
As Henny Youngman said, "Why do men die before their wives? Because they want to."
Why the hell then do they lock their wives in a horrific loveless marriage trapped with someone who hates them but won't ever actually leave them alone? Because the vast majority of such cases is men scapegoating women and abusing them for perceived crimes they're innocent of and often the victim of too
@@vacafuegaa bitter feminist has entered the chat.
@@vacafuega hope you patch things up with your father sometime
I mean it is joked around a lot but married men and women live longer than singles.
@@vacafuega yikes, I recommend you see a therapist before you hurt someone else or yourself.
My grandpa is 88 years old and he’s still walking and so is my grandma but she’s 86
Still walking?
Stronk grampa gramma
@@uno2326 it means still alive
The Walking Old
Grandpa probably has XXY, i wonder if i should be worried or chill i have XYY (Super male). I have two copies of Y but as per this video it doesn't do much if anything.
I think this video left something important out. Each cell in a women's body only has one activated X chromosome. At around 20-200 cells old, each cell randomly chooses one of the X chromosomes while the other gets inactived. This still helps in cases for example color vision. Some of the cones might not work correctly or you get a reduced number of that type due to one of X chromosomes having a flaw, while the cones that came from a working X chromosome will. Though it's important to note that due to when the X chromosome is chosen, it's usually large regions so most likely the eye will all have the same chromosome and thus this provides no benefit in all but extremely rare events.
Fun facts:
(1) calico cats have gene for fur color on the sex chromosome hence only females get the multicolor fur
(2) women have stripes, though you can't see them normally as we humans don't have skin color or pigment genes in our sex chromosome
(3) ever heard of people that have 4 cones and thus see a much wider range of colors? Well only women can get that condition and it's extremely rare (because you have to get cones that have different X chromosomes and one cone has to have mutation that ever so slightly makes it different between the other cones that use the other X chromosome... I've heard women who have it, dislike it as its really hard to find clothes with matching colors, even though to normal people they do appear to match).
As a biologist, i was going to point that out too.
and also saying "uh, transposons affect more small chromosomes" like wth is that argument ? when the chromosome is decondensed in the nucleus, i don't really see how the size of the overall thing could affect anything, it's all just chromatin at this point. that seems like a shitty correlation if you ask me.
I wonder: is it possible then that someone with XX chromosomes is colorblind in only one eye? How would they describe such an experience?
@@Lapantouflemagic0 yeah that's a good point. Size doesn't matter, it's more of the fact the Y chromosome is shrinking and will eventually disappear is probably the hypothesis here. I think though that's more of getting the details. Though you can argue she implied it's the actual physical size was the reason but she only stated species where one sex has a smaller chromosome had shorter lifespans. Given this is a short video I didn't feel she made the implication when I watched it (she just left out the detailed reason why it's smaller chromosomes), but now that you mentioned I see how that's another thing people can get wrong by watching this.
@@fghsgh the gene that codes for eye (iris) color is on the X chromosome, so that's why women can have mismatched eye color. but the genes for colorblindness is likely on a normal chromosome (didn't actually check), so that doesn't happen as far as i know.
@@Lapantouflemagic0 I definitely do know that colorblindness is more common in XY individuals, so that's what I assumed. Might even have been mentioned in the video if I recall correctly.
It amazes me how MinuteEarth can condense so much information into such a short, pretty, and digestible video. Well done!
Also, I like that while simplifying for the sake of clarity, they don't ignore the nuances. For example, they say that sexual chromosomes are a "part(!) of what determines the sex of an individual". That is crucial, because many people mistakenly think that chromosomes are the be-all end-all of sex. They are not (not even in humans). In some animal species the influence of chromosomes can be almost non-existent.
@@martinsmolik2449 Can you explain the other factors? That sounds interesting...
Eh, their videos are often overly simplified I've found, leaving a lot of important details out
@@thundersheild926 it's why it's called minute video, and not hour video - if you really wanna know the detail study it in an actual school not on RUclips
@@physicslover4951do u think he has time for that? Why don't u just search up by urself?
The length of telomeres in the chromosomes shortening with time (with each replication cycle) has been correlated with aging. Maybe having a larger chromosome to begin with means that the chromosome can replicate more times while loosing a smaller percentage of genetic material.
Reminds me of a Winston Chuchill quote . Someone said if she was married to him she'd poison him. He responded, if you were my wife, I'd drink it"
So males can go with retirement 7 years earlier than women? #VoteForEquality!
lolz
We should generally reduce the work load of people.
@@Ninjaananas So who does the work then?
@@tim3440
We just do less work. A lot of work done is not even meaningful, and a lot of work time is unproductive. Add to this that we also have a bunch of unemployed people. So we could reallocate all this a bit with shorter but more productive work time. This of course easier said than done.
And it would not be in the interest of employers so it might take a long time to come.
@@Ninjaananas Ehm... We just do less work? A lot of work is not even meaningful?
Work doesnt have to be meaningful, it needs to be done.... :p It needs to be functional. Accounting might not be meaningful but it is hella important...
Well, that is what you get when the average IQ is 100. A lot of people are unproductive ;)
Unemployed people are often unemployed for a reason, sometimes because they are ill or even in lesser extend because they can live of wealthfare... But most of the time it is because their skills do not align with the current job requirements. So yeah. Thats a big; easier said than done... Thats like saying ''give everybody an house and we solve homelessness or give everybody a million dollar and we solve poverty...''
Well productivity is in the interest of employees because they will earn more on an hourly base.
Fun fact: being a male human doesn’t always mean that you have XY chromosomes. The male sex determining gene (SRY) is usually found in the Y chromosome, but because of how wonderfully frustrating biology is it can occasionally occur in X chromosomes
is there a way to find out what chromosomes you have
if i maybe have XX i can flex on my friends that im a male with xx chromosomes B)
Or they’re transgender
Edit: I get it now
@@BinglesP yesn’t. I am talking about biological sexes, male and female not men and women. Trans men are men and trans women are women but their bio sex and chromosomes remain the same. So applying the original fun fact, most trans women would have XY chromosomes but some may have an XX pair with an SRY gene snuck in
@@BinglesP I’m pretty sure that doesn’t count only two main genders
@@CUBYOA it doesn't count
MinuteEarth: We hope you are not a male
Me: Aww thank you~ You are too nice!
🤦♂
😑
wait saying that is actually sexism
@@aldeanschannel9432 thank you 😫
"You should probably hope you don't have a small chromosome."
This is so sexist and not funny smh. If the narrator was a male making a similar joke towards females, this video would've been removed by RUclips. 🤦🏻
Thought the same, the vid would be enough to get a scheißesturm.
🤓um, there are technically videos like that where single motherhood is joked about
LOL what world do you live in? There's TONS of sexist videos against women where a LOT worse sht is said and these videos aren't removed either. Sucks when you as a man receive the fraction of the energy back that women have been forced to endure for ages.
WHAT 😂😂😂 Bro, there are so many horrendously sexist videos against women on youtube, what on earth are you on about? I've seen videos where guys act like they sexually harrass women and then ridiculing them for being angry; those videos are still up, and you seriously throw a fit because of THIS? And then women are called the emotional ones and "generation snowflake" 😂
@@mich5131🤓☝️tekchinicallie
Don't forget that humans have a total of 46 chromosomes, not just 2. The smaller chromosome increases the chance of error, not the error itself, which is why the average man dies first but not every man is guaranteed a shorter life
24 Chromosmes not 46
@@PeterBuvik nope 46 chromosomes and 23 pairs
@@helohel5915 being 45 of those equal lol
@@diogoferreira7427 What? No? 23 per parent, 46 in total, any non equal amount of chromosomes will lead to issues
@@helohel5915 you didn't get it
45 of those are equal in males and females
But she said 2 inches is enough.
Edit: Original title was "Size does matter."
I’m sure the Y chromosome has a good personality 💀
This is a (mostly) family friendly channel
This video really fit with what u said lol ruclips.net/video/1PSh37Sf_2k/видео.html
its never enough. i have a 14 meter peen snd she still isn't grateful. ugh, women. /j
Average Chelsea fan
A wise 100 y/o man once said "you just keep breathing." That man outlived every double large chromosomes like a pro.
me remembering that joke that “when-n men marry a woman like you they just wanna die sooner”
I'm in no way arguing that genetic differences don't affect human lifespans, but our behavior also plays a huge role. In most societies around the planet, if you pick a dangerous occupation or activity that needs doing (with the major exception of childbirth) men perform that activity at a much greater rate. That doesn't just result in excess accidental deaths, but also in exposure to toxic chemicals, disease vectors, and masses of additional stress. (I understand that anyone could pick out one or two exceptions to this, but as a general pattern it's true.)
The other obvious factor is that men prefer younger women, and women prefer older men. If all things equal, the older person will obviously die 1st.
@@pvue That doesn't make any sense. The point is that men die _at a younger age,_ not that the male half of couples dies before the female half.
@@HeadsFullOfEyeballs I didn't see any reference to age at death, just that men die before women.
But I'll end this with a phrase that will support your point of view,
"Oh ok."
Yea. I understand part of it is genetic but it's definitely not all of it and I'd argue it's probably less than half given the smaller gaps in more developed countries. I would not be surprised if men face higher fatality rates from basically every public health hazard in society tbh, given that they will be the most exposed to it as you said
@@pvue literally how could u possibly reach any other conclusion from this video?
This is doing my head in. Isn't "having two big chromosomes is an advantage" and "having one small chromosome is a disadvantage" saying exactly the same thing?
The theory here is that two big chromosomes give advantageous characteristics, while one big and one small not only don’t give you these advantageous characteristics, they also give you disadvantageous ones.
It’s like having 10 extra minutes on your math test is an advantage and having 10 fewer minutes is a disadvantage. Not only do you lose out on the extra 10 minutes, you also miss out on 10 more minutes.
It's like " writing an English essay in good handwriting and cleanly" is beneficial, but "writing an English essay in wingdings" will give you worse marks
That's because you are used to think XX and XY only. X (Turner) people have no disadvantage from the small chromosome, but also no advantage from the second big chromosome. XXY (Klinefelter) people have the advantage from the second big chromosome, but also the disadvantage from the small chromosome.
So does XXX female live longest?
no. how would that be the same thing?
“on average, men die about 7 years earlier than women”
enbys, we were not mentioned, we are immortal.
An enby is only immortal if they were born as such. Forged from the croissants, True Gods
However, the more common types of non-binary just have their life expectency chosen at random
I love how cheerful she is saying I'm going to die 7 years before her. It's like shes smurking saying she won.
Title: "actual reason".
Video: "might be a reason".
When big trusted channels do this...
I'm not surprised by this. In 2020, they placed get-out-to-vote and yay-science type messages below several of their videos in their comments and descriptions.
Generally, the people who virtue signal the most about how much they love science aren't the ones who are most strongly motivated by curiosity about the natural world.
Good reason not to trust the channel
Most science videos are like "everything I told you was really depressing but here's the good news", but today I was told... "Yep your going to live a shorter and a lot worse in your late years"
rip
It sounds like Kurzgesagt
@@NguyenMinh792except kurzgesagt doesn’t hate men, or women for that matter
@@Icetea-2000 but it has existential crisis
I don’t think I needed this at 11pm, but thanks I guess.
I am supoosed to be studying for my Informatics exam and the two big chomosomes make me think of Redundant Arrays of Independent Discs lol
Someone should look at lifespan of XXY males (Klinefelter syndrome), if lifespan is the same as XX females, we know the Y chromosome likely isn't affecting lifespan.
getting a large enough sample group might be difficult though
Klinefelter tends to bring health problems with it, so their life expectancy tends to be shorter on average
There is such a small sample size of XXY that the results might be inaccurate. This is a similar situation to after Kennedy was assassinated, we could claim that 20% of all U.S. presidents died in office.
anomalies are pre-disposed to have problems is my understanding..is that not correct in nature?
yeah, so looking at XXY males wouldn’t help... I believe XYY and XXX have close to no issues, although this doesn’t give much insight on how chromosome length affects lifespan
Terrible ending ..... Repugnant
At least we aren’t male praying mantises
When in school we were told of "occupational disease", like breathing dust, fumes, and chemicals at work, combined with stress.
There's lots of other factors to consider about longevity, like diet, exercise, air pollution, secondary smoking, excessive alcohol drinking and whether a person takes illegal drugs.
Yeah this thumbnail makes it look like she's celebrating the fact that men die sooner
She is.
@@nativetexanful at least we aren’t male praying mantises so that is something good
Would bigger chromosomes also have bigger telomeres? Cause I know telomere degradation is what is most likely to cause mutation, so would small chromosomes have shorter ones hence their likelihood to cause mutation and make others mutate?
This is a good question
I hope someone smart looks at this. It's a good line of thinking.
@@avaboaudione, more like someone educated on this. :)
Telomeres are not related with the rate of mutation, nor do they have a major impact in ageing (as widely believed among non-specialists). Instead, telomeres act as a counter for how many times a cell can still divide.
In any case, the length of one's telomeres can be increased by the telomerase enzyme, so there's no fundamental reason a cell would be destined to have short telomeres.
At last, the length of telomeres are functional rather than reflective upon the length of the chromosome itself. I don't know how long is the Y telomere, but there's no obvious reason to me that it should be any shorter than that of other chromosomes.
Obs: I'm no specialist, so don't take me too seriously
@@mitchvk9846 yeah that makes sense
Clearly we need to invest in solving this so men live longer
This is the first time I've ever heard a reasonable answer to this question. Why did it take so long for me to hear about this?!
It's not the size of the chromosome, it's how passionate you're while using it!
Do you even know what a chromosome is?
@@antimatterg do you even know what a joke is?
That's what I always keep saying but they just laugh😭😭😭😭😭
@@InnovativeSparks yeah but jokes are not meant to be used everywhere you go, If they are teaching science than don't bring these shitty topics like Size matters or whatever
@@astrotaha Science is better learned with humour. Different people have different humour so their jokes about science would be different too.
0:48
'sex chromosomes generally come in two sizes: big and small'
A couple words taken away and that would be the story of my life
Sex generally comes in sizes:
Big and small? 😂😂
(0:25) Huge respect for having the balls to take on a lion and chimp at the same time.
I thought bigger wasn't always better. Now im back to square one. Thanks again science!
"You should probably hope you don't have a small chromosome."
Half the human population be like: ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ Guess I'll die.
muh male privilege
don’t forget that in a war we have to fight no matter what
Really like the video, but kinda a wierd ending... it is not really a choice to have a small chromosome.
Still a biological risk worth taking
Yeah lame distasteful joke
@@samuraijosh1595 probably his BF just dumped her so she was talking shit about men
Agreed. What a stupid ending.
What's the point of living longer when all my pets die before me?
😔
If biological differences were the only factor, you'd expect the life expectancy gap to be the same across countries. Yet in some countries women outlive men by 10 years, in others by 3 years, demonstrating that non-biological factors can make up 70% of the gap between countries (this doesn't even take into account that even in countries with only a 3-year gap biological factors likely aren't 100% of the explanation).
At least we are human males and not male praying mantises so that is something good
I love being told in a chipper upbeat way that I'm defective and going to die. ;P
Not defective, no one is defective.
And we’re all going to die, your life is just going to be seven years shorter.
Possibly, could be more or less.
@@Marscandy1 still kinda depressing
Nobody said men are defective. The video is presenting uncomfortable and upsetting objective information. It makes sense that information is upsetting; that being said the info doesn't point to being defective.
I invested a little bit of time researching this a while back, and I came up with a hypothesis stating that the Y chromosome has shorter telomeres due to its smaller size, so it becomes damaged by mitosis sooner.
Solid. I bet there's a paper on a similar subject waiting for you to read:)
@@spjr99 im pretty sure i read exactly that in a science magazine two weeks ago
I hope this isn’t true for me and my husband. It really scares me so much. I just can’t imagine life without him.
Thank you for that explanation and your work ❤
Personally I think that chromosome is actually normal size, above average even. You can tell it has a nice personality
💀
We could massively prolong our lifespans if we could extend or repair our damaged chromosomes, though we would have to make the repair in every cell the body for that.
Even if we invent technology needed to make human chromosomes more durable, it would only be possible to implement it in early stages of prenatal development, probably zygote stage.
Everyone already born will have to die "regularly".
technology like this would be amazing but would be exclusive for the ultra wealthy.
Jeff Bezos already invested in a company that will create anti-aging medicine
Ehh... ivf and some gene editing.
If we figure out the genes we need, it's not that extreme really.
@@eggrollsoup ^
I’m glad you didn’t add the “feelings” part to the XY and XX mix. I was told that married men die early because they want to, lol!
Because it's true. If women celebrating your earlier death why would a man want to live longer if nobody want him around 😢?
@@Superschokokeks at least we aren’t male praying mantises
My bio teacher says testosterone wreaks havoc on the body
I honestly don’t feel this video showed real evidence enough. It has been heavily found that while yes males are more susceptible to diseases and gene based illnesses like you said because of the single backup gene, but that males that reach 35 typically die the same age as women or at least very very close. The reason for this is by the age of 35 most males are dialing down aggression and have live through enough of their life without disease that it’s likely they will continue too. Also depression and will to live plays a massive part from what I’ve personally observed. Staying active with healthy hobbies and having a good mindset has allowed some of the oldest people I have seen stay active and healthy till death. I’ve seen 90ish year old males and females being completely normal and self sufficient until death this way. No wheel chairs no adult diapers etc.
Data has shown over and over again that since men stopped being the sole bread winners, hence women started having to deal with the same stress factors as men, the life expectancy gap narrowed a lot. Also men still tend to have riskier jobs and live riskier lifestyles, which also impacts the numbers
As a male I’m actually pretty scared
Me too
This video is inconclusive. It infers a conclusion, and provides sources that support that conclusion. There's many other factors. One obvious factor is, who's older, the guy or girl?
If it makes you feel any better, we also live in a world where anyone of us could die at any time: Car accidents, work accidents, recreational accidents, choking on food, getting murdered by a Crack head, just name a few...lol...
the affect your gender has on your lifespan is miniscule compared to other factors.
@@kemcolian2001 exactly. You want to live a long life? Treat your body and mind well with good food and relaxation. Exercise, get a job that doesn’t physically wreck you, be cautious in unsafe areas, and don’t stress about stupid things.
Leading a healthy life is infinitely more impactful than having a dick or not
Scared about what? It's a fact of life that you have no influence over. Also, averages say absolutely nothing about any single individual.
I thought it was due to accidents. But being more prepositioned to some diseases is also a good explanation
In the UK women retired at age 60 and men at age 65 until 2018 when they equalized both to age 65. Men were getting worn out at work as well as predominantly working in more risky to health environments (coal mining and lung disease, then there is asbestosis which springs to mind in boiler and building lagging)! So in UK women had 5 years on men to start with as they wound down so much earlier from work and from generally medically safer (to general health) work environments. Health and safety at work has also dramatically improved too. I suggest those equalizations will take some 20 to 30 years to ripple through in any who dies first comparisons, assuming UK data (or any other countries who were practising such retirement discrimination) has any impact on your observations. Also women get much better cancer education, testing/ screening and thus detection and treatment e.g. - breast cervix etc. Men’s health screening is by comparison very poor - just look at how much prostrate cancer has gone undetected.and so many men are ignorant about it. So I would suggest there are other significant factors that affect the death rate differentials, including education and social factors. Time will tell and I will not worry about it! Very interesting on what you had to say, thank you.
That final joke was a bit distasteful. You can’t control your genetics.
what joke? was it removed from the video?:o
A bit???
Literally cheerily talking about men dying sooner, wtf is wrong with women
I would love to see some engagement results from changing the titles of the videos. I wasn't particularly interested in this video when it showed up titled Size Matters, but clicked to find out why men die first.
It takes women longer to get ready to go.
Is because they are resting from 40 (or 50) years of mood swings and cramps
Maybe it is also related to the shortening of them. If i recall correctly only cancer cells and blood matrix cells have mechanisms in place to not shorten their dna while dividing. I am not a native english speaker so i am unable to explain it properly (i don’t know the english terms for all of those things that are important here)
Don't the ends of chromosomes (telomeres) shrink as you get older? Perhaps for the smaller chromosomes, too much DNA material is removed and that's why lifespans for that gender are so short compared to their counterpart.
My guess before watching was that it would have to do with telomeres, but looks like I was wrong! Very interesting
ditto
You are not wrong, telomere shortening is also heavily involved in this process. Since some chromosomes are smaller, the telomere reduction is more deterimental in said chromosomes. But just like most of the video, this assumption is still in a theoritical and speculative stage.
@@fjiturralde Lucky I got myself off that poison :p
@@WhichDoctor1 🤔🤔🤔 Telomerization?
I had thought that too. My other guess was that males produce more testosterone which can be bad for the health, such as increasing cholesterol
Notice it's a woman reading the script. You can hear the smug joy in her voice.
bro chill out 😭😭 its not that deep, everybody gonna die.
@@tolsbestadewumi3371 You sound like a wuss. You're one of those people who says, "Don't let it bother you." When someone is clearly bothered by something.
I’m tired of big chromosome controlling our lives!
So the small one ?
In humans, it only has been in modern times that women lived longer, many died in childbirth before the 1900's.
Not to mention before law and order.
@@cattysplatmen are still the big majority of mortality. Before law and order and after law and order.
"If a woman is in danger you have to put your life on the line to help her"
don't do it
@@krimokrimov6050 never will. Unless it's a child or someone that has no power to defend themselves. Such as someone in a wheel chair or someone with some sort of disability.
@@phish650 yeah of course , help is for the peoples that need it and not for a specific gender
@@krimokrimov6050 yes.
Who the heck would do that🗿
0:13 “might” is the important word here!
I can already tell you why men don’t live as long, look at men vs women careers
women are statistically more likely to choose something like office work where men are more likely to be welders
a stack of papers won’t blow you into a fine red mist if they fall over, an o2 tank might
and male animals are normally the ones that fight or sacrifice themselves
I'm not convinced that the two hypotheses you listed are actually distinct at all. They both say the exact same thing.
Thinking about it you're right, the wording in the video with the terms "better" and "worse" just makes them sound like the same thing said the other way around.
Me, a Male, with my little sex chromosome waiting for all the investigations to be done: ☠️
We have to be thankful for not being human males and not male praying mantises
At least we aren’t male black widows !
of course narrator sounds so happy in the end...
Female
Is the vocal fry narration necessary to attract younger listeners or just to make it more challenging for us old farts to listen until the end?
1:30 it's not just *big* chromosomes. It's the (different variant of) *same* chromosome (from a different ancestor). So having 2 big, but vastly different chromosomes could give less advantage (because no backups).
I blame the lady in the thumbnail, she knows what she did…
😂😂
At those ages what difference could it possibly make? Both sexes have long outlived their reproductive and most if not all of their labour value for the species. From a more individualistic perspective it may matter a tad more, but I'll wait and see. I'm only 52 and can't decide whether I'll be happy or not in my eventual decrepitude. My grandfather died December 31 2010 at 99 years and 49 weeks old. He had been in decent shape and compos mentis until almost the very end. My grandmother lives on, 104 last August, and has been a barely present wreck for nearly ten years. I'm not sure how to evaluate that comparison.
Now that I think 7 years more or 7 years less is not a big deal because it’s not like when you are 77 (average age men die) you can still do a lot of things like travel
bro what was that ending lmfao
I want to show this to my middle school class, but I feel like I'll traumatize the boys.
Do it. They need to be toughened up.
@@narsimhas1360 Nothing as fun as making people depressed that they were born a certain way?
@@swaghettimemeballs4420 nobody is born perfect
@@agnestennisberg4314 we all know, yes, but knowing that on average, half the human population may die 7 years earlier, is depressing. We aren't talking about perfection, but lifespan.
@@InnovativeSparks totally not like the public education system is the #1 source of suicide
Simplistic, 1 dimensional video on a much more complicated subject matter than they lead you to believe. There’s so many factors in play when it comes to men & women aging. Testosterone vs estrogen, stress levels, men engaging in more unhealthy behavior, men engaging in anti-social behavior, women’s periods causing wear & tear. There’s probably 30 other factors & size of a chromosome is such a simplistic metric. The actual genes on that chromosomes matter tremendously. What specific genes are males missing a copy of?
The one that doesn't make you colourblind for example
Men work like 97% of the dangerous jobs in the world which women universally avoid because safety is a priority.
"You are living 7 years less"
Doomslayer - "I beg ur pardon !?"
It's because men do the heavy lifting and demanding jobs most of the time, and sometimes die from it. Especially with construction, if you're on top of a skyscraper beam or a massive windmill or electrical pole, sometimes things go wrong. That and police work, the military, or firefighting. Respect to all the men who died trying to make our country better.
We need gender equality
🤡
More males are born than females, there's your equality right there.
I mean the thing is the jobs alot of men work also contribute to this. Mostly like miners, soldiers, oil workers etc. these jobs are risky and some men die doing these jobs. Some also die earlier of things like cancer.
@@wxtfishy But women work those jobs as well, I mean a lot of women died in factories. so idk
@@titandarknight2698 but the jobs are still male dominant.
Seems very reductive to say that the size of the chromosome is the reason why men live shorter lives. Especially when you look at the cause of death in men, it's primarily cardiovascular disease. The link between testosterone and cardiovascular disease is well established whereas oestrogen is considered cardio-protective. These links are unrelated to chromosome size.
My chromosome isn't small, it's actually above average for guys my age :(
This is ridiculously simplified but accurate
Risk can be easily dismissed as the reason in most countries when you look at cause and age of death statistics.
It depends what we mean by risk. Obviously there aren't more women than men reaching age 100 as a consequence of men dying of trying to do a backflip.
But if I 'take risks' with my health in my thirties, they might come back to bite me in my sixties and seventies.
Risks can be anything, in this context. It's risky to work with asbestos, but a 90yo today maybe didn't know at the time that it was, and spent ten years inhaling a carcinogen.
Let me tell you about workplace deaths, not enough attention to men's health, war deaths, suicides and so on that decrease the average lifespan of a man.
Yea, I really wish more people talked about that. I'm not one of those people that's like "BuT wHaT aBoUt MeN?!",but the increased risk of fatality from workplace deaths especially needs to be talked about more.
🤓Um.. women are actually more likely to su3cide but men use deadlier techniques
@@curranfrank2854OnE oF tHeSe PeOpLe
Men die earlier and women retire earlier, but how daaare you complain
@@comentaristametaforico9287 Countered by the general lower quality of life women face for a multitude of reasons, most of which are due to societal discrimination and sexism, personal and impersonal. Women have less free time, far higher rates of sexual assault and disproportionate victims of domestic abuse, have fewer leisure hours per week on average than men (because they serve as the emotional support in most marriages and disproportionally have to take care of children), deal with monthly periods and/or birth control side effects without much sympathy or understanding from men or broad society, and in general receive lower paychecks (for a variety of reasons other than directly getting paid less for the same jobs, but gender pay discrimination is NOT zero in the US now).
The life expectancy gap also used to be at least countered by all the women who died giving birth to their 5th or 6th, (or 7, 8th, . . . ) child
@@curranfrank2854 Please, do more research. Domestic violence and sexual abuse happen at similar rates between male and female victims. And male victims get no support either. Women retire earlier REGARDLESS of whether they are married or have children. Men are expected to work more dangerous jobs to be able to help sustain families. They have periods and birth control meds, therefore screw men? And of course, they die earlier too. While feminists keep making up excuses to treat these vulnerable men like trash. And if they complain, it's because they are evil incel misogynists.
A wise 100 y/o man once said "just keep breathing."and you'll outlive any double large chromosomes they been talk about.
Count not the candles, but the light they give. Count not the years, but the life you live.