@Social Justice Warrior Sounds like you're using philosophy to prove you're point even though evidence suggests that the brain is the person. All cognitive processes happen in the brain. The brain processses all information our body collects, controls all body functions and makes all decisions. Sure we need arms for example but those are also controlled by the brain. We are who we are even without any limbs but if you remove the brain, no system in our body can continue functioning.
@Social Justice Warrior You must admit there isn't much need for philosophy until you get to the limiting of science by law or morals. The heart of the comment is a scientific revelation and one of humor I think.
Poetic. I always love the analogy that all life is super sophisticated biomechanical robots and that what makes 'us' is the order and likelihood of certain chemical reactions and diffusions, that's trippy to me.
@@mikaelsjoberg1894 TDS for sure. Ps. Funny how the only SJW coloured hair person in the video had to mention that their research is performed in a "non-biased manner", like all other researches are biased by default. Virtue signalling much?
That last one hits hard. Imagine if we could quantify the negative health effects of sleep deprivation. How many people would stop neglecting their sleep needs if they knew precisely how much damage sleep deprivation does?
When one is going thru sleep deprivation, I believe there is a point, a maxima if you will, where cognition is somewhat enhanced. I’ve felt wired and inspired many a time. Doesn’t last and the crash isn’t worth it
There would still be a significant number of people who wouldn’t change their habits even if they knew, look at alcoholics, drug addicts and even those who still smoke a pack a day.
That's because it is not a breakthrough. Prediction of protein folding at an individual protein level is not biologically meaningful. Proteins in reality interact with many other proteins, and also many proteins contain intrinsically disordered regions which can form more stable structure upon interactions. Additionally, many proteins undergo modifications. Protein structure determination still requires experimental validation. There is bias in algorithms that predict structures because they use a library of known structures, and thus fail in the case of new motifs/folds.
@@alanh.790 artificial intelligence uses existing data as its teacher, that is true. But it can also be told to go wild and do what it hasn't seen. But again, you are right in a way because in order to do this imagination process in a meaningfull and applicable way it needs to learn much more about molecular bonds, protein structures, cell conditions. But it isn't imposible. Just not ready yet
@@stereomachine yes, but protein Structure databases already suffer from human errors and bias. In this case, you feed the algorithm garbage and end up with garbage. We need a more fundamental (physical) understanding of protein structure rather than prediction algorithms.
So happy you've invested in good graphics people to create visual analogy to your writing. Often after seeing a supporting graphic do I say, "Ah, I SEE what you mean."
it's a long term effect so you don't have to worry if sometimes it happens. That said, take a nap during the day if you feel sleepy, it will for sure help
You'll never be able to actually do that. Your body won't let you. Even sleep deprivation torture requires constant oversight by the torturers. There are people who've been global circumnavigations in balloons who've wound up sleep deprived and almost fallen out of the sky just cos they were unable to stay awake. Regardless of how uncomfortable you are, your body won't let you go without sleep for more than a few days - and it takes a week or more of deprivation for it to actually start dying.
How have I only discovered this channel today when I spend hours each day learning an infinite amount on RUclips? I can't answer that but I am seriously grateful I did. These are the kinds of issues I am most interested in, finding factual discoveries of what probably makes things work, from a nano level to a universe sized level. This is what keeps me alive, my questioning everything and finding probable answers. Probable, because new facts can change everything. Cognitive dissonance is the enemy of discovery. I try to stop it when it raises its stupid head. I love finding out I was wrong, and why, and learning. Thank You! Of course, I subscribed. I look forward to learning every day. I am physically disabled and live in very serious pain because I will not kill my mind by using the meds the pain specialists have recommended. My thirst for knowledge has actually saved my life many times in many ways. Again, Thank You!
In the last topic, it would be interesting to see how sleep deprivation affects the immune system, and if sleep deprivation affect the immune system in a similar way that stress does it, both causing release of ROS. Also, it could be interesting to stain and quantify for the different forms of the glutathione to get a GSH/GSSG ratio. The increase of ROS can be caused by an increase in the production of these molecules, caused by a decrease in the production of what is supposed to eliminate (GSH), or something else.
There is something spooky about how many Asian philosophies kind got the gist of some major things in biology and science as a whole without much science. Particular how so many processes are cyclical, that we're 'all connected', etc.
All the cultures that evolved socially and technologicaly in the shorter time(egyptians, mayans, middle east) all had some sort of psychadelic drug Infused in they're culture, drugs that develop the perception of the conscius self, providing a higher cerebral activity, all of the psychadelic substances used by them evolved the know well known ego death effect and visualizations of mathematical and simetricaly abstract patterns, crazy to think that egypcians consumed psycadhelics on a regular bases. I did all my research you can do aswell Dmt producing psychadelic substances produce higher cerebral activity the highest activity of your life since the beginning of your own life, curious thing is that dmt is one of the chemicals that is only produced when you die. Ama please
The fact that there are like 100 comments along the lines of "I'm up late, instead of sleeping. Time to die, I guess" makes me very concerned about people's intelectual capacity, aswell as their talent for humor.
wow we were actually taught about ros build up in the cells this year in pathology i dd not know it was a recent discovery. this gave me a whole new appreciation to my professors in Istanbul university faculty of medicine.
I’m curious about the third one. In order to keep the animal subjects awake they had to keep them constantly moving and active, so I wonder if over-exertion is a factor. How does waking rest affect the oxidization ya know
I have Probable Autoimmune Encephalitis, its basically schizophrenia and I also have restless legs. I can't sleep and my symptoms are directly related to how well I sleep. I noticed my gut always feels odd or "queasy" when I wake up after sleeping only 2-5 hours a night, sometimes only half sleeping.
"An individual is a process" Fantastic! Sometimes a phrase comes along that can utterly change a definition but it makes so much sense and deals with a lot of problems that come about when trying to define an individual.
I had insomnia for a year. Thought I was surely going to die. No idea what caused it. I changed my whole life just to try and get rid of insomnia. Alot was changed so i have no clue what it was eventually, dont remember much from the insomnia period but at least now I can actually feel tired at night and fall asleep. The 3 major things i did was: move to a quieter place. change my diet. Eating less meat among other things. stopped caring so much about my job. I stopped bringing work home.
from 3:11 Don't wanna be nitpicky here, but how is a mere theory a breakthrough? The clip doesn't provide proof or evidence like with the other examples.
It also doesn't actually sound that novel, tbh. Of course the individual is a process through time. At least in my field in psychology/cognitive neuroscience, we've thought of it like that for at least a decade if not more.
I have to disagree with the narrator at 2:50 when he says "it would be more accurate to think of it as 100 billion tiny supercomputers". I believe neurons are more like logic gates and while I may be being pedantic there are people that don't know the difference between a computer and a monitor and I think we should be as accurate as possible so there are no misunderstandings
Third video... I really should get on with my day... lol keep making great content...as it happens sleep is the basis of my next video to be worked on. I read Martin Walker's book when it first came out and immediately improved my sleep routine.. my mental and physical health have never looked back and I was already exercising, eating healthy, meditating...etc., Now my sleep is locked down...it is a non-negotiable in my life.
I'm really unsure if this can be said "solution to the protein folding problem". Alphafold is remarkably better than other ones, but I doubt that actually sheds light into the underlying physics or its Biological implication. This is probably why Quanta Magazine excluded it.
There is talk that this problem hasn't been solved. They say Deepmind's AI methods rely on learning the rules of protein folding from existing protein structures. This means that it may find it more difficult to predict the structures of proteins with folds that are not well represented in the database of solved structures.
You'll never be able to actually do that. Your body won't let you. Even sleep deprivation torture requires constant oversight by the torturers. There are people who've been global circumnavigations in balloons who've wound up sleep deprived and almost fallen out of the sky just cos they were unable to stay awake. Regardless of how uncomfortable you are, your body won't let you go without sleep for more than a few days - and it takes a week or more of deprivation for it to actually start dying.
Saying xor is commonly used in neural networks isn't wrong, it just doesn't make much sense. It's like saying the letter "A" is commonly seen on keyboards for small laptops... It's really seen everywhere else, and not specifically more or less in that situation. xor gates, just like other logic gates (and, or, not, nand, nor) are used to build the basic circuitry for computers and basic computing power, and are also commonly used (at least and, or, and not) in programming. A neural network basically just uses trial and error with a large data set to set a bunch of values between 0 and 1 to determine different weights should be assigned to get the correct output for each input. Unless you're saying something else that I'm not understanding....
The scientists studying the impact of sleep deprivation on gut flora and the scientists redefining individuality in terms of information should get together and look at whether we’re considered an individual or a biome, considering there are more non-human cells than human cells in our body.
thank you for creating such wonderful content!! it is really helping me with my 2021 resolution to learn something interesting and new each day haha will definitely recommend it to more people
This last discovery would give support to the hypothesis that sleep deprivation is partially responsible for some forms of obesity. We already know that gut dysfunction & inflammation can trigger hypotrophy in Adipocytes, but that the sleep function (controlled & modulated by the brain through the Pineal ⇄ Suprachiasmatic Nucleus pathway) is also necessary for supressing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROR), & therefore maintaining gastrointestinal health, is an intriguing new part of the puzzle.
All I can think about is how me and so many others have to work full time and go to school fulltime and we are loosing so much sleep and pulling all nighters sometimes and then have the stress of passing exams and having money to pay for school, housing, and bills and just everyday stress.... this made me sad to think about my cells dying :(
With point two regarding redifining and understanding individuals, it's crazy to see connections between Buddhist philosophy and what these biologists are coming up with. Even the recognition of the ancient Chinese idea that things are not things, they are thing-processes is awesome.
About sleep deprivation, I know this for years. since I remember My mom told me if I don't sleep well I will get old sooner than other people I get sick faster. She also told me about sunlight effects over the years, Well she was 96 years old when she died. Long-life with lots of knowledge never went to college just to 6 grade.. in 1930
someone once explained to me that in a certain native american language, living things where described and understood as processes. like a tree is not perceived as merely a tree but a "treeing." it seems that the information theory of individuality may have been understood, at least intuitively, in other cultures
Thank you for helping the world also stay at the forefront of all the interesting and life changing work that is being done in science This channel is a blessinggggggg Also keeps the world curious and motivated
A lot worse than this goes on. And this is not 'new' the Germans did this to humans in the 1930's and Americans in the 1940' and 50' maybe even 60's. Ok they may not have been able 'see' the detail they can today but the results were the same.
Compared to older videos, I'm enjoying this longer form significantly more. It's also nice, personally, to focus on more concrete scientific focuses such as these (rather than occupational anecdotes lacking application).
That's because you multiply numbers much differently than the way a computer does. If a computer multiplied the way you do, it would only be somewhat faster.
McCulloch and Pitts have shown in their paper in 1943 that a very small two layered neural network can be trained to solve XOR problem contrary to what the researcher in the beginning says that a large neural network is needed for solving XOR. However, image recognition does require very huge and complex neural network called deep neural networks. It would be best if I read her paper and understand it before commenting any further but I didn't quite understand why she said that a large neural network is needed to solve XOR.
One word... Memristor! The neurons are "remembering" the previous charge which effects its future resistance. We in turn need a Neuromorphic memristor mesh processor to fully mimic the human brain... -DigiD
Interesting. The individuality perspective is aligned to process philosophy of the post-modern era. Not a new way of thinking, but certainly fundamental to fit under the scientific method if philosophers were correct!
I don’t why i am watching this, i’m in tenth grade, i am extremely stupid and don’t understand anything here, but this got recommended to me and i wanna learn ;)
... but you are in the 10th grade and have plenty of time to instill the necessary characteristics that will in the least lead you away from ignorance. Curiosity is the spark that leads to learning in a way that you want. Recognizing that you want to learn and what it is you want to learn is a good first step away from the path that leads to being "extremely stupid".
@@thebomb1393 Even smarter to acknowledge your stupid, and seeking to better yourself. Knowledge is a priceless treasure, the only one you can never lose.
Dont be so hard on yourself my friend! The fact that you are curious enough to learn about this stuff makes you already smarter than you probably think, these people spend a lot of time on these subjects and one day they knew as much as you did but decided to learn about this stuff, so again, dont be so hard on yourself!
The individuality idea is a bunch of semantics. Ideas like this are in existence in order to redefine terms. When we redefine a term after this much time it is normally to change long standing rules which someone or some group deem unfair or unprofitable. Imagine if your government decided you violated the rights of an individual, but it turns out they are just speaking of one of your white blood cells, so you sue and win and the legal repercussions would be that you have now forced the law to define the individual and worst of all a hierarchy of individuals or the lack of one. You could also imagine what could come of a law that said we were too small to be considered an individual and that the law now defines the whole earth as one. Then you could control large groups of people by putting them into the collective individual type. Or you could say entire races were one individual so that only larger individuals could make decisions, it gets really dangerous to redefine terms like this. I know it sounds crazy to comment all this, but redefining terms has already taken place this year, in an effort to control political issues. One example would be the term racism and another is "herd immunity". These big university professors and authors are some of the most low key dangerous characters.
Awesome report. I have a question though in relation to third section what about fish? How does thier cells adapted to lack of sleep especially in sharks were constant movement is essential for thier survival.
So doe this mean lack of sleep effects cellular respiration? Its it like when Your body uses lactic acid fermentation between the the cycle of cellular respiration to keep energy continuous and with lack of sleep it is unable too? Or what is it about sleep that creates oxidative stress
The Theory of Individuality sounds VERY much like Process Philosophy!! Very awesome and interesting to see these ideas get re-introduced to the west in today's science. :D
"In this respect, our approach might reasonably be framed through the lens of “process philosophy” (Rescher 2007) which makes the elucidation of the dynamical and coupled properties of natural phenomena the primary explanatory challenge. From the perspective of “process philosophy,” the tendency of starting with objects and then listing their properties-“substance metaphysics”-places the cart before the horse." It looks like the paper authors agree with you
![BLACK BAG - Official Trailer [HD] - Only in Theaters March 14](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/Du0Xp8WX_7I/mqdefault.jpg)
>Sleep deprivation kills
>me watching this at 2am
>oh
Literally came to comment this at 2am
eh ur fine unless u sleep at 2am and have to wake up early.
me at 4 a.m ...
I can't sleeeeeeepppp
I was thinking about the same thing
When your brain is trying to understand itself
You made me say “oh my god, so true” out loud, congrats.
@Social Justice Warrior You are aware the brain is the person ... right?
@Social Justice Warrior What is the person in your point of view?
@Social Justice Warrior Sounds like you're using philosophy to prove you're point even though evidence suggests that the brain is the person. All cognitive processes happen in the brain. The brain processses all information our body collects, controls all body functions and makes all decisions. Sure we need arms for example but those are also controlled by the brain. We are who we are even without any limbs but if you remove the brain, no system in our body can continue functioning.
@Social Justice Warrior You must admit there isn't much need for philosophy until you get to the limiting of science by law or morals. The heart of the comment is a scientific revelation and one of humor I think.
Awesome! Providing links to these important discoveries would be very much helpful and easy just to gain more idea on this. Thanks
Wow I'm gonna sleep now 🤪
@Anime SucksIt triggered you for some strange reason.
Insane that this have not been done :o
Yeah I'd love to take a look at those papers
@@BiBoetzke Probably paywalled. :/
"The brain is the most advanced machine in the universe" - Brain said
It's not our brains saying that, it's the tools at out disposal measuring the brains capacity for information processing.
Hahahahahaha
I imagine the Obama medal meme here
@@EdgarGarcia-li2jz that our brains are processing
@@EdgarGarcia-li2jz which mean by proxy the brain is saying that
i always wondered why my stomach felt weird when i had less sleep apparently i was dying
R.I.P
Holy crap watching this at 1 am and that last one scared me. Good night!!
1 AM isn’t too bad, as long as you get your 8 hours you should be good.
Rip
people can stay awake for ages
Its not like ur suddenly gonna die
1am? pffff chronic insomnia without a Benzo or Zopiclone script, that's were it's at 👌
@@steviesoprano you really only need 6
When that biologist mentioned "An individual is a process" I felt that.
we are merely a projection of many processes, which itself is a process.
Poetic. I always love the analogy that all life is super sophisticated biomechanical robots and that what makes 'us' is the order and likelihood of certain chemical reactions and diffusions, that's trippy to me.
@@dog-ez2nu you may like thomas hobbes then
Yes a point of interest. being saying this for years now. And the man was right it is 'information' .
So its confirmed that we truly are trapped inside some matrix.
The biggest discovery for me was Dragana's hair.
Yes, a Trump/Maga supporter for sure!!!
@@mikaelsjoberg1894 what?
@@aubade_1 trying to get political smh.
you're brutal bro xDD
@@mikaelsjoberg1894 TDS for sure.
Ps. Funny how the only SJW coloured hair person in the video had to mention that their research is performed in a "non-biased manner", like all other researches are biased by default. Virtue signalling much?
That last one hits hard. Imagine if we could quantify the negative health effects of sleep deprivation. How many people would stop neglecting their sleep needs if they knew precisely how much damage sleep deprivation does?
When one is going thru sleep deprivation, I believe there is a point, a maxima if you will, where cognition is somewhat enhanced. I’ve felt wired and inspired many a time.
Doesn’t last and the crash isn’t worth it
@@fullmetal783 I've felt that too. Like a second wind. Feels awesome, but the second crash that follows is too much.
@@FieryRedDonkeyOfHell can you explain it in layman's term hehehe
There would still be a significant number of people who wouldn’t change their habits even if they knew, look at alcoholics, drug addicts and even those who still smoke a pack a day.
@@azmard4865 lmao that was laymen’s terms
Sad to see Yauncheng Lu's epigenetic reprogramming paper not mentioned here :(
Whats that? got the link or some article?
I second your comment
@@mitziodelarge
@@mitziodelarge I'd like to introduce you to Google.
@@RazvanNemes kinda lazy for people who purposefully mentioned something significant was omitted 🤷🏽♂️
Thanks for letting me know of this grounbreaking study @FortNite King
3:56 When you see his daughter sleeping in the left corner, but realize it's an individual of pillows.
I’m surprised the AI protein folding breakthrough didn’t make it to the video.
That's because it is not a breakthrough. Prediction of protein folding at an individual protein level is not biologically meaningful. Proteins in reality interact with many other proteins, and also many proteins contain intrinsically disordered regions which can form more stable structure upon interactions. Additionally, many proteins undergo modifications. Protein structure determination still requires experimental validation. There is bias in algorithms that predict structures because they use a library of known structures, and thus fail in the case of new motifs/folds.
@@alanh.790 artificial intelligence uses existing data as its teacher, that is true. But it can also be told to go wild and do what it hasn't seen. But again, you are right in a way because in order to do this imagination process in a meaningfull and applicable way it needs to learn much more about molecular bonds, protein structures, cell conditions. But it isn't imposible. Just not ready yet
@@stereomachine yes, but protein Structure databases already suffer from human errors and bias. In this case, you feed the algorithm garbage and end up with garbage. We need a more fundamental (physical) understanding of protein structure rather than prediction algorithms.
So happy you've invested in good graphics people to create visual analogy to your writing. Often after seeing a supporting graphic do I say, "Ah, I SEE what you mean."
Just found this channel.
Absolutely blown away with the presentation quality. Gonna binge this channel for Christmas break.
why am I discovering channels like this at 1am??? this is my 2nd video from the 2020's Biggest Breakthroughs series.
That sleep deprivation scared me since i'm feeling sleepy rn
it's a long term effect so you don't have to worry if sometimes it happens. That said, take a nap during the day if you feel sleepy, it will for sure help
You'll never be able to actually do that. Your body won't let you. Even sleep deprivation torture requires constant oversight by the torturers. There are people who've been global circumnavigations in balloons who've wound up sleep deprived and almost fallen out of the sky just cos they were unable to stay awake. Regardless of how uncomfortable you are, your body won't let you go without sleep for more than a few days - and it takes a week or more of deprivation for it to actually start dying.
How have I only discovered this channel today when I spend hours each day learning an infinite amount on RUclips?
I can't answer that but I am seriously grateful I did. These are the kinds of issues I am most interested in, finding factual discoveries of what probably makes things work, from a nano level to a universe sized level. This is what keeps me alive, my questioning everything and finding probable answers. Probable, because new facts can change everything. Cognitive dissonance is the enemy of discovery. I try to stop it when it raises its stupid head. I love finding out I was wrong, and why, and learning.
Thank You! Of course, I subscribed. I look forward to learning every day. I am physically disabled and live in very serious pain because I will not kill my mind by using the meds the pain specialists have recommended. My thirst for knowledge has actually saved my life many times in many ways.
Again, Thank You!
Imagine being one of those neurons firing in your brain right now, all collectively wondering about if they individually are conscious.
In the last topic, it would be interesting to see how sleep deprivation affects the immune system, and if sleep deprivation affect the immune system in a similar way that stress does it, both causing release of ROS.
Also, it could be interesting to stain and quantify for the different forms of the glutathione to get a GSH/GSSG ratio. The increase of ROS can be caused by an increase in the production of these molecules, caused by a decrease in the production of what is supposed to eliminate (GSH), or something else.
The brain as a computer? Okay 2010
There is something spooky about how many Asian philosophies kind got the gist of some major things in biology and science as a whole without much science. Particular how so many processes are cyclical, that we're 'all connected', etc.
I don't think it is spooky at all. It is two observers with different biases observing the same physical reality and comming to similar conclusions.
I don't think Asian philosophers had any idea of any of those things. Saying that many processes are cyclical, is not saying much at all.
What you're referring to is reality is as it is.
when people claim so many different things it's just statistically likely some of those claims are true, there's nothing spooky about it
All the cultures that evolved socially and technologicaly in the shorter time(egyptians, mayans, middle east) all had some sort of psychadelic drug Infused in they're culture, drugs that develop the perception of the conscius self, providing a higher cerebral activity, all of the psychadelic substances used by them evolved the know well known ego death effect and visualizations of mathematical and simetricaly abstract patterns, crazy to think that egypcians consumed psycadhelics on a regular bases. I did all my research you can do aswell
Dmt producing psychadelic substances produce higher cerebral activity the highest activity of your life since the beginning of your own life, curious thing is that dmt is one of the chemicals that is only produced when you die. Ama please
The fact that there are like 100 comments along the lines of "I'm up late, instead of sleeping. Time to die, I guess" makes me very concerned about people's intelectual capacity, aswell as their talent for humor.
Much less than 100.
It’s just a comment. Doesn’t measure anything.
Try spelling intellectual correctly before calling out yt comments
You gotta love it when "intelectual" snobs forget to include words, and can't even spell.
@@dupeken They are the same people lol.
Scientist: Describe their opinion
Me: ok...🙄🤔
Narrator: explains
Me : Ohoooo 🤯
Their findings*, not their opinions though. Science is about facts, not beliefs.
Learning stuff like this just makes me feel good about the world. 🤟🏽
wow we were actually taught about ros build up in the cells this year in pathology i dd not know it was a recent discovery. this gave me a whole new appreciation to my professors in Istanbul university faculty of medicine.
This channel is now officially the year rewind.
everyone is saying this is a bad year
but thankyou to show the positive side of this year
I’m curious about the third one. In order to keep the animal subjects awake they had to keep them constantly moving and active, so I wonder if over-exertion is a factor. How does waking rest affect the oxidization ya know
And this is the reason I don't commit suicide. I want to see how far humanity can go.
And the reason I want to live long
Thanks, new here, but boy, am I enjoying these short summations. Thank you for the great work. I've subscribed!
I have Probable Autoimmune Encephalitis, its basically schizophrenia and I also have restless legs. I can't sleep and my symptoms are directly related to how well I sleep. I noticed my gut always feels odd or "queasy" when I wake up after sleeping only 2-5 hours a night, sometimes only half sleeping.
The rat torture machine is horrific.
"An individual is a process" Fantastic! Sometimes a phrase comes along that can utterly change a definition but it makes so much sense and deals with a lot of problems that come about when trying to define an individual.
I had insomnia for a year. Thought I was surely going to die. No idea what caused it. I changed my whole life just to try and get rid of insomnia.
Alot was changed so i have no clue what it was eventually, dont remember much from the insomnia period but at least now I can actually feel tired at night and fall asleep.
The 3 major things i did was:
move to a quieter place.
change my diet. Eating less meat among other things.
stopped caring so much about my job. I stopped bringing work home.
from 3:11
Don't wanna be nitpicky here, but how is a mere theory a breakthrough? The clip doesn't provide proof or evidence like with the other examples.
It also doesn't actually sound that novel, tbh. Of course the individual is a process through time. At least in my field in psychology/cognitive neuroscience, we've thought of it like that for at least a decade if not more.
@@ThomasAndersonPhD Doesn't even sound like biology to me
I have to disagree with the narrator at 2:50 when he says "it would be more accurate to think of it as 100 billion tiny supercomputers". I believe neurons are more like logic gates and while I may be being pedantic there are people that don't know the difference between a computer and a monitor and I think we should be as accurate as possible so there are no misunderstandings
I immediately paused on sleep deprivation and scanned through comments.
Me too, I couldn't stomach the experiments on mice. Basically, this means killing mice by sleep deprivation and then directing their bodies.
just discovered this channel, you've earned a subscriber. What an amazing quality of the content👌 keep up the good work
6:15 so admiral holdo is a biologist...
Third video... I really should get on with my day... lol keep making great content...as it happens sleep is the basis of my next video to be worked on. I read Martin Walker's book when it first came out and immediately improved my sleep routine.. my mental and physical health have never looked back and I was already exercising, eating healthy, meditating...etc., Now my sleep is locked down...it is a non-negotiable in my life.
Can you do a „Breakthroughs in Chemistry/Biochemistry“ Video? :)
I’ve read 40 pages of neuroscience for dummies and came to this same conclusion!! Insane
Fantastic work in the first two cases. And fantastic cruelty on Dragana Rogulja's part in the third one.
Simply the first two breakthroughs just sounded like physics , computer science and philosophical breakthroughs!
That is why scientists work together nearly all the time
Please continue this series.
Year's biggest breakthrough video without the recent discovery of solution to the protein folding problem? Seriously?
I'm really unsure if this can be said "solution to the protein folding problem". Alphafold is remarkably better than other ones, but I doubt that actually sheds light into the underlying physics or its Biological implication. This is probably why Quanta Magazine excluded it.
@@aniksamiurrahman6365 this is the biggest breakthrough in the last 50 years in biology and it was not included here. well, I'm outta here
Deep mind has yet to release a paper on alpha fold 2
There is talk that this problem hasn't been solved. They say Deepmind's AI methods rely on learning the rules of protein folding from existing protein structures. This means that it may find it more difficult to predict the structures of proteins with folds that are not well represented in the database of solved structures.
I hear you. I get upset when so called "sports analyst" put Kobe ahead of Jordan as best all time basketball players.
Me watching #3 on 4 hours of sleep 😭
"oh great, i'm dying right now:"
Enjoy your free radicals bruh
You'll never be able to actually do that. Your body won't let you. Even sleep deprivation torture requires constant oversight by the torturers. There are people who've been global circumnavigations in balloons who've wound up sleep deprived and almost fallen out of the sky just cos they were unable to stay awake. Regardless of how uncomfortable you are, your body won't let you go without sleep for more than a few days - and it takes a week or more of deprivation for it to actually start dying.
@@ArawnOfAnnwn well I sleep 3 hours average per day soo
that last one about sleep really got me...I'm going to bed bois. later
The video - "Why sleep deprivation kills"
Me (who hasn't slept yet and its 9am) - Hmm interesting
Saying xor is commonly used in neural networks isn't wrong, it just doesn't make much sense. It's like saying the letter "A" is commonly seen on keyboards for small laptops... It's really seen everywhere else, and not specifically more or less in that situation.
xor gates, just like other logic gates (and, or, not, nand, nor) are used to build the basic circuitry for computers and basic computing power, and are also commonly used (at least and, or, and not) in programming. A neural network basically just uses trial and error with a large data set to set a bunch of values between 0 and 1 to determine different weights should be assigned to get the correct output for each input.
Unless you're saying something else that I'm not understanding....
We found out that being starved while sleep deprived is worse than not being starved while being sleep deprived.
Amazing......
hollyy mollyyy! I always wake up at midnight extremely hungry and wake up with mt head aching
The scientists studying the impact of sleep deprivation on gut flora and the scientists redefining individuality in terms of information should get together and look at whether we’re considered an individual or a biome, considering there are more non-human cells than human cells in our body.
thank you for creating such wonderful content!! it is really helping me with my 2021 resolution to learn something interesting and new each day haha will definitely recommend it to more people
That’s a really good philosophy.
This last discovery would give support to the hypothesis that sleep deprivation is partially responsible for some forms of obesity.
We already know that gut dysfunction & inflammation can trigger hypotrophy in Adipocytes, but that the sleep function (controlled & modulated by the brain through the Pineal ⇄ Suprachiasmatic Nucleus pathway) is also necessary for supressing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROR), & therefore maintaining gastrointestinal health, is an intriguing new part of the puzzle.
All I can think about is how me and so many others have to work full time and go to school fulltime and we are loosing so much sleep and pulling all nighters sometimes and then have the stress of passing exams and having money to pay for school, housing, and bills and just everyday stress.... this made me sad to think about my cells dying :(
very cool! could you provide citations for the papers mentioned? I would love to read/ reference the published works of these discoveries
Couldnt have asked for a better christmas gift than finding this channel
Please provide the paper references
Great work btw..really really fantastic job
Xor means an ODD number of inputs is 1, e.g. xor(1,1,1) = 1, not 0.
Yep, it usually means the sum modulo 2
It means exclusive or. If A or B is true, but not both. xor(0,1) = 1, xor(1,0) = 1, xor(0,0) = 0 , xor (1,1) = 0
After viewing this video I looked up David Krakauer's paper on his Information Theory of Individuality. This theory is absolutely fascinating!
It's good to see admiral holdo is alive and well doing science
Thank you quanta magazine
Quanta: Sleep Deprivation Kills
Me watching at 3am: Guess I’m dead now
I desperately need more channels like this
With point two regarding redifining and understanding individuals, it's crazy to see connections between Buddhist philosophy and what these biologists are coming up with. Even the recognition of the ancient Chinese idea that things are not things, they are thing-processes is awesome.
About sleep deprivation, I know this for years. since I remember My mom told me if I don't sleep well I will get old sooner than other people I get sick faster. She also told me about sunlight effects over the years, Well she was 96 years old when she died. Long-life with lots of knowledge never went to college just to 6 grade.. in 1930
someone once explained to me that in a certain native american language, living things where described and understood as processes. like a tree is not perceived as merely a tree but a "treeing." it seems that the information theory of individuality may have been understood, at least intuitively, in other cultures
Into The Individuality - David Krakauer, 2020
Is oxidation this big of a problem for fungi?
Thank you for helping the world also stay at the forefront of all the interesting and life changing work that is being done in science
This channel is a blessinggggggg
Also keeps the world curious and motivated
i love these videos but please cite the papers with a link in the future
The sleep deprivation experiments on mammalian non-human animals is utterly inhumane.
A lot worse than this goes on. And this is not 'new' the Germans did this to humans in the 1930's and Americans in the 1940' and 50' maybe even 60's. Ok they may not have been able 'see' the detail they can today but the results were the same.
This should be more popular
Compared to older videos, I'm enjoying this longer form significantly more. It's also nice, personally, to focus on more concrete scientific focuses such as these (rather than occupational anecdotes lacking application).
Tech companies should be sponsoring brain research
Next level production
Glad to see fellow Greek scientists leading humanity :)
the animation of the xor gate does not make sense to me :/
is the purple square supposed to be an OR gate? What is the yellow square? 🤦♂️
How are spatial and temporal terms not the same?
Isn't strange how I have a billion super computers in my head, and yet it takes a minute to multiply 2 two-digit numbers in my head.
That's because you multiply numbers much differently than the way a computer does. If a computer multiplied the way you do, it would only be somewhat faster.
McCulloch and Pitts have shown in their paper in 1943 that a very small two layered neural network can be trained to solve XOR problem contrary to what the researcher in the beginning says that a large neural network is needed for solving XOR. However, image recognition does require very huge and complex neural network called deep neural networks. It would be best if I read her paper and understand it before commenting any further but I didn't quite understand why she said that a large neural network is needed to solve XOR.
love the hard work you guys do.
Anyone know where to find that paper that talks about the dendritic spikes?
One word... Memristor! The neurons are "remembering" the previous charge which effects its future resistance. We in turn need a Neuromorphic memristor mesh processor to fully mimic the human brain... -DigiD
5:20 Lem approve this message.
The indaviduality discussion sounds like they reinvented Difference and Repetition by Deleuze
Interesting. The individuality perspective is aligned to process philosophy of the post-modern era. Not a new way of thinking, but certainly fundamental to fit under the scientific method if philosophers were correct!
I don’t why i am watching this, i’m in tenth grade, i am extremely stupid and don’t understand anything here, but this got recommended to me and i wanna learn ;)
... but you are in the 10th grade and have plenty of time to instill the necessary characteristics that will in the least lead you away from ignorance. Curiosity is the spark that leads to learning in a way that you want. Recognizing that you want to learn and what it is you want to learn is a good first step away from the path that leads to being "extremely stupid".
You’re smart enough to be interested in this stuff.
@@thebomb1393 Even smarter to acknowledge your stupid, and seeking to better yourself. Knowledge is a priceless treasure, the only one you can never lose.
Dont be so hard on yourself my friend!
The fact that you are curious enough to learn about this stuff makes you already smarter than you probably think, these people spend a lot of time on these subjects and one day they knew as much as you did but decided to learn about this stuff, so again, dont be so hard on yourself!
The individuality idea is a bunch of semantics. Ideas like this are in existence in order to redefine terms. When we redefine a term after this much time it is normally to change long standing rules which someone or some group deem unfair or unprofitable. Imagine if your government decided you violated the rights of an individual, but it turns out they are just speaking of one of your white blood cells, so you sue and win and the legal repercussions would be that you have now forced the law to define the individual and worst of all a hierarchy of individuals or the lack of one. You could also imagine what could come of a law that said we were too small to be considered an individual and that the law now defines the whole earth as one. Then you could control large groups of people by putting them into the collective individual type. Or you could say entire races were one individual so that only larger individuals could make decisions, it gets really dangerous to redefine terms like this. I know it sounds crazy to comment all this, but redefining terms has already taken place this year, in an effort to control political issues. One example would be the term racism and another is "herd immunity". These big university professors and authors are some of the most low key dangerous characters.
individuality = unity
I actually watched Solaris this year so cool!
The summary is excellent
@Quanta Magazine Where/what is the "Sannafey" institute @3:44? Googed but can't locate.
They mean „Santa Fe“
@@larimus724 Ah okay thanks, appreciate it!
If someone can teach them the letter "t" it would be so helpful
Awesome report. I have a question though in relation to third section what about fish? How does thier cells adapted to lack of sleep especially in sharks were constant movement is essential for thier survival.
Great thought! I think I heard that they have discovered that sharks sleep. Sorry I cannot provide a reference right now.
So doe this mean lack of sleep effects cellular respiration? Its it like when Your body uses lactic acid fermentation between the the cycle of cellular respiration to keep energy continuous and with lack of sleep it is unable too? Or what is it about sleep that creates oxidative stress
What an awesome and informative video depicted in a beautiful way. Thank you @Quanta Magazine :D
Great as always...love ur channel and social handles...
Same.
no mention of microtubules and their role in the brain?? well, I guess there's always next year...
What cause-effect phenomena fall outside of the classification of computation?
The Theory of Individuality sounds VERY much like Process Philosophy!! Very awesome and interesting to see these ideas get re-introduced to the west in today's science. :D
"In this respect, our approach might reasonably be framed through the lens of “process philosophy” (Rescher 2007) which makes the elucidation of the dynamical and coupled properties of natural phenomena the primary explanatory challenge. From the perspective of “process philosophy,” the tendency of starting with objects and then listing their properties-“substance metaphysics”-places the cart before the horse."
It looks like the paper authors agree with you
still meaningless philosophy with no merit
So if someone finds a way to oxidize whatever they needed to, we could theoretically not have to sleep?