European languages comparison - Food
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- Опубликовано: 11 июн 2024
- All (or most) European Languages compared just for fun.
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Comparison of European Languages through vocabulary related to food.
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Second song:
Music: Vopna by Alexander Nakarada (www.serpentsoundstudios.com)
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"How do you say carrot in Welsh?"
"Moron!"
"Hey, man, I was just asking!"
Actually "moron" means "carrots" (plural), the singulative form is longer - "moronen". Likewise "adar" means "birds" ("aderyn" = "bird") and "plant" means "children" ("plentyn" = "child") etc.
@@lothariobazaroff3333 ahahaah so different
@@lothariobazaroff3333 children = plant xD
it's like an azerbaijani word "xiyar" being both "cucumber" and a swear word )
@@ostestebibobu Bizde de hıyar denir salatalığa ve aynı sizdeki gibi hakaret olarak da kullanılır😂
I really wish you would have added pineapple, which is ananas in like any language apart from English😂
I honestly did not add it because it was almost the same in all languages except english "pineapple" and spanish "piña", so it was a pretty homogenous map ;) maybe for the next one
In Portuguese "ananas" is "abacaxi". Pretty different as well
@@gustavoloriano2221 I visited Portugal a few weeks ago and there was a pineapple stand near the beach dubbed "Ananas", so I am not sure what you mean. Maybe it's a quirk of Brazilian Portuguese? I'm pretty sure "abacaxi" is a derivative of ananas anyways, so it would work out either way.
@@Frxzt In Portugal ananás and abacaxi are slightly different types of pineapple, ananás is the most used word. However in Brazil they use abacaxi mostly
It's "pinafal" in Welsh.
I'm very impressed you included the three celtic languages of Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
Well done. Great video.
But missed Celtic cultures who are Manx, Cornish, and Breton (Brittany France). OK I guess I'm being being picky.
3:55 - Cheese
In italian we say also "cacio", coming from latin "caseus".
This might explain the origin of the words into green areas.
This king of argument could be done for other words too, many come from latin and every language slightely changed the original sound/word
Wonderful how almost all Europe finally agreed on something, when it came to naming basil.
Welsh Brenhinllys has the same meaning too, just uses different root words.
All of Europe agrees that Basil is the King's plant, for some reason.
You mean manjericão?
@@brunoalves-pg9eo Yeah, your country is insignificant.
U mean fesleğen?
@@germanfalc Yeah, your country is insignificant too.
Just one remark: in German „Möhre“ and „Karotte“ is both used for „carot“. I think „Karotte“ is even more widespread.
Und mohrrübe
@@ragnarostbrok1254 yes, good point.
But arent that two different things?
@@matthiasbachetzky3085 In north and east germany the majority says möhre in west and south germany the majority says karotte
@@matthiasbachetzky3085 There are not different things. Which dialect regions uses which term predominantly I honestly don’t know but all Germans know them and perceive them as standard (high) German. Also Mohrrübe is known by every German I dare say.
As a contrast: „Grumbeere“ is a dialect term for potatoe which is only known to people in very specific regions. Such a word I would not have suggested as an alternative for „Kartoffel“
In Germany, the first word that would come in to my mind for "carrot" is "Karotte". Möhre is a synonyme to that, but we have both words. Möhre more refers to a big sized "Karotte".
Also, we have the word "Orange", but also "Apfelsine" (like russian "apelsin"), but it refers to a smaller sized orange.
We also have "Limone", which refers to a green "Zitrone" (lime vs lemon).
Rhineland adds to German:
We have Ääpel for potato in dialect aswell (greetings to our neighbors NL & A)
We have Öllich or Üllich greetings to NL, FR, UK for Onion
Fantastic video!!! Love to see how the "old foods" have so many different local names, whilst the recent ones have nearly everywhere the same name. Just 4 little corrections: In Flanders we use both aardappel and patat as frequently, much more often ajuin instead of ui, more often appelsien as sinaasappel and more often bloem instead of meel.
Lovely you included things like Frissian and Basque as well, I can really appreciate that
They also split Belgium in half to account for both French and Flemish. And more so, it's not "just the same as Dutch", it actually shows where the vocab differs in spelling. It's really nice attention to detail. 😊
But RIP goes Tatar and all of Russia's Uralic and Caucasian languages. And Kurdish. And Georgian, for some reason.
but sadly no Breton language
Я чувствую себя Lovely, мои трусы от Barbery
no brezhoneg, though...
It's interesting to see, how older words like *apple*, *honey*, or *milk* are clearly separated by each ethnic group (ger/slav/lat/ugro).....and then words like *cinnamon* and *potato* (which came much later) were already established by each formed nation individually ..or by unions (f.ex. Yugoslavia).
Worst = Sausage
There is the Dutch word PATATTEN which also means potato.
And onions can be called AJUINEN in the south.
@@heotapgym-piggym2460 Saucijsje!
Tell that to Hungarian lol
On honey I disagree with the map, romance and slavic look too similar to be separated
Also "sucuk" also exists as a word for sausage, but it only refers to a specific kind of Turkish sausage. "Sosis" is only used for foreign,Western varieties of sausage.
Yeah ur right
Wow, this channel is awesome. Exactly what I’m after as someone who loves languages and their history/origin. Really well researched including a lot of smaller languages too. Instant subscribe!
Amazing how the word "lemon" is so widespread in just 2 variations 😮
It is a young word.
Internet 1 variations🤣
@@kookajoy French: la Toile c:
In german it is also Limone, mean the green variant.
Apfelsine and Orange are also synonymous.
Many more examples could be made.
La toile c'est le mot français pour désigner le web, internet reste internet pour autant que je sache
In kazakh 🍎 is "alma" like in hungarian.
Kazakh language is turkic family and some foods are same or sound very similar with turkish, like honey - bal, milk, meat and cucumber. Also we have food names came from russian language.
Centuries ago, in Turkish also it was "alma" but it changed to "elma" with time.
Old Turkish for apple is Alma new..elma
Also the kazakh word 'ata' and hungarian word 'atya' has the same meaning: father
@@user-rs9py9yr1r Turks/Kazakhs and Hungarians are both from Siberia. The ancient Turks are not closer to Mongols, but Uralic people.
The first apples in the world are originally from that area.
6:25 orange in estonian really is apelsinipuu? Because "puu" is tree. So that just says orange tree. You sure its not just apelsini?
Thank you very much, it must have been difficult to make this type of video, but it was still very useful, I hope it continues like this
Everybody: Share words with each other
Hungarian boyz: Hahaha, no.
And Turkish MFs
They share carrots with serbia
They're not Indo European, that's why.
Hungary has just some shares with Finland I think
Very interesting, also Moloko->Mleko->Melk->Molke->Milch->Milk is like transformation of same word east to west... you can paint them in same color practically. If you would have word "Water", it would be the same result practically from Slavic "Voda" to English - "Water" all Europe, except of "Aqua" for Latin group.
That is because most European languages belong to the Indo-European language family. Milk and Moloko as well as Water and Woda are not borrowings one of the other but are instead inherited from a common ancestor of Slavic and Germanic languages. Slavic, Germanic, Romance, Celtic, Greek, Albanian, Armenian, Iranian and Indo-Aryan are all language groups belonging to the wider Indo-European language family, with common ancestors speaking a language linguists refer to as Proto-Indo-European, which is the ancestral language to all of these languages, and which was spoken 6,000 years ago on the steppes of Ukraine and South Russia.
Молоко :)
When somebody put water to us we say me kvasi. Which is connected to Aqua. If you remove A from Aqua you got Qua or Kva(kvasi-to put water). So all european languages come from Serbian which is predecessor to Latin. Its joke dont get hyped up. But the fact is kva or akva(aqua) are connected for sure.
In Greek water is very different it is called "νερό" pronounced "nero" with the accent on the letter "o".
The ancient Greek word which can be used today too everyone knows is quite different too, " Ύδωρ " pronounced something like "Ethor" with the accent on the letter Y, the E is pronounce like the letter E and the letters "th" are pronounced like in "the, this" etc.
@@Kwstas_Vagias ὕδωρ was pronounced as hödor in Ancient Greek and wōdor in Mycenian Greek. Usually teansliterated into the Latin script as hydor, most known in the form of hydro. As you can see, it is cognate with the English word Water or the common Slavic woda/voda. The word nero I think comes from the commom Greek word for drinking water, or water purified or fresh enough to drink. Later on this word was used to describe any kind of water.
Thanks for the video. Minor correction regarding Icelandic: Flour is called "hveiti" in icelandic. Mjöl is the word for the edible part of any grain (meal).
I've noticed that the map appears to coloured according to common etymology - very nice touch!
So in Turkish I-ı and İ-i are two completely different letters with their own sounds and cucumber would be "hıyar", not "hiyar". Also an even more commonly used word for cucumber than hıyar is "salatalık".
You can call someone "Hıyar" even if you want to add emotion call people "Lan Hıyar" he will be so happy to debate with you ;)
@@NoName-xx9zd It's the {ɯ} vowel in the International Phonetic Alphabet. A good example of the sound in English is {e} in jumper, container, maker, fighter; aka the -er suffix. So it's somewhat similar to what's known as schwa, just more clearly pronounced -like every sound in Turkish.
In Albanian you can use "sallator" instead of "kastravec" too, which sounds kinda similar to the Turkish variation.
@@BorisGamingChannel What's funny is 'salatalık' means something like 'for salad'
@@NoName-xx9zd ı is pronounced like the i in "cousin"
Now I know that the name of one of my favourite musicians ever, Liszt, means Flour. Interestingly Farinha is a common surname in Portugal as well :)
Yes, liszt means flour in Hungarian. However it is not common as a surname.
So his actual name is French Flour.😂
@@telebubba5527 Yep! :D I'm guessing his ancestors were millers or something similar
@@telebubba5527 Francis Flour
@@telebubba5527 Ferenc is not France :D
To be more specific Polish Jabłko have the same root as Apple ;>
It was in proto-slavic language: Jabłko < Jabło < Jablo < Ablo. Alike Apple in proto-germanic was Apple < Appel < Apla < Abla. As You see Ablo and Abla is very similar.
What surprised me here was on numerous occasions Frisian (and to a lesser extent, Dutch) had correlations with many Nordic words. In some cases Frisian and Finnish even had similarities. Finnish is a conservative language which is known to “freeze” words in time, and Frisian is a close relative to old English. Cool to see words from 1,000+ years ago interlaced and still being used in their original forms.
I would have expected the Dutch/Frisian to be on par with whatever Germany and England were using, so it’s cool to see that unique connection.
Yes, Gothic/proto-Germanic loanwords in Finnish. Kuningaz is genuine word. ( king, kung, konungen, kong, etc). We use the original ”kuningas”.
Why is "milk" in Slavic and Germanic languages painted in different colors if it is the same exact root?
Sounds more like English than Slavic
@@dajmispokoj4168 It's both.
@@dajmispokoj4168 you mean germanic
I was wondering the exact same thing.
all from proto-indo-european
Slavic and Germanic words for milk are from the same protoindoeuropean root. And a Czech word for potato comes from a name of part of Germany.
Slavic melko (milk) is an old borrowing from Germanic languages.
Brambora? Where it comes from
@@ragnarostbrok1254 I'm guessing Brandenburg.
@@Artur_M. And the name Brandenburg is germanized Slavic toponim Branibor. A life of a word. :D
@@nenadstefanovic779khvoiny (sosnovy or elovy) les brani ~ pineforest of battle? 🤔
Great idea, that comparison. 👍
Наденица(Nadenica) refers to one type of sausages in bulgarian, it could be used as unbrela term as tehre are a few, but we can also say kolbas, that would refer to almost any meat product - sausages, salami, ham. We have Луканка(Lukanka) for another specific one, which matches what you have for greek and Кърначе(Karnache) which matches the romanian above. So it might be a similar case in Romanian and Greek, either the word for "kolbas" refers to a broader range or it's too specific.
Small correction: in the "orange" map, the word for "orange" in estonian is "apelsin" not "apelsinipuu" because "apelsinipuu" means "orange tree"
Puu is tree in Finnish too, but that is hardly a surprise.
No buddy "apelsinipuu" you doo under tree 3am after Friday night spend out with the boys drinking ... ;)
@@huzarion3814 You think you know better than an estonian? :)
@@mertoj1536 ... "puu" is universal in any language ;)
In lower germany (the north) orange is called "Apfelsine" or "Appelsina", wich means "Apfel aus China" (apple from china).
As a person from the Basque Country and native Basque (and Spanish) speaker, I'm very glad to see our language included!!
As it should
@@rao803 Basque is not important enough
@@neyou6940 It is
@@rao803Whatever
@@neyou6940 que hablas, no soy vasco y puedo ver el odio que te han metido dentro
In france they also use the word "patate" for potato, "pomme de terre" is just a fancier way to call a potato
As to which regions have similar names for each food sometimes depends on when the item first appeared there.
In Yakut (Far North East Siberia) we have only 2 common words with Turkish: et-et = meat, süt-üüt = milk, as we live in Arctic and didn't have even flour, vegetables and fruits are from other planet for us.
As a Turk I find it quite normal, Siberia is our place of origin and Yakut people our not so distant relatives.
I was watching a documentary about Yakutia and I noticed another common word, Balık, means fish. Here is the youtube link of the documentary. There is Russian subtitle if you are interested. ruclips.net/video/MgCiNNfeNoE/видео.html
Ettoone= food in the night, 9 000 kms and 7 000years. We still remember
@@berk3723 ne diyon la sen ?
@@gozcsulke1224 Biraz barzoluk yapmışım pardon.
6:50 Limon Citron civil war
What is the music called i think i know it from something…
In Azerbaijani apple is "Alma" same as hungary, tomato is Pamador like Slavic and in my dialect Potato is called "Yer Alma" meaning ground apple.
From my observation the Greek, Turkish ,Hungarian and Albanian had the most unique words. Honorable mentions : Basques, Finnish and Walesh
@Skanderbeg Turkish culture or language aren't isolate, tho. There are Turkic cultures and languages: Azerbaijani, Turkmen, Kazakh, Uzbek, Uyghur, Kyrgyz, Bashkort, Tatar, Gagauz...
@Skanderbeg Çkemi shqipe! The only languages isolated in the Indo-European languages family is Albanian, Armenian, Basques and Greek (alphabetical order)
@Skanderbeg anatolian turks are in the turkic culture group
@Skanderbeg you have good name Skanderbeg! Greetings from hungary!💪🏻😁
@Skanderbeg I know it warrior brother! He fought with our national hero Janos Hunyadi against the ottomans.💪🏻
In Polish we can name potato "kartofel" as well - it's derived from German word - but it's only a regional word, used mainly in Silesia, a region in southern Poland.
Officially potato is "ziemniak" indeed.
Its probably ecause silesia had a big german speaking population for a long time wich made certain german words stick even after most of them are gone now, i think thats the same with möhre in german wich is similar to the slavic words for it and mostly used in the east were slav ic tribes and germanic ones lived side by side for a long time eventually mixing into each other, even today a lot of the towns and villages have slavic names or are derived from them.
Its a fascinating topic :)
Also "pyry"
Wow that's explains why I heard that word sometimes :D but never thought is from Germany tho... :3 fantastyczne
I live in northern Poland (trójmiasto) and I've heard kartofel being used interchangeably with ziemniak many times. Especially among older generations. Also the word 'bulwy'
@@Ziemniak158 I'm from the south around Kraków (Tarnów to be specific), and I've also heard kartofel quite a lot.
I expected Finnish and Estonian to have more sole words in common with Hungary due to them both being the only Uralic languages in Europe. But it looks like the years of separation and assimilation to neighboring languages really cut those ties.
Love the addition of Basque, Neapolitan, Sicilian and Maltese! Often forgotten in these kinds of maps (Frisian often does get included)
Yes, fin-est can understand each other if old words is knowin’ but magyar is from another tree of altai-uralic. Similarities are far far away style. Pi=Fiu etc. yes there is better examples but doesn’t matter, can’t understand spoken magyar. (or written). Only basic system. Sülearvuti=tietokone= számitogép. What an Earth is that thing 🤔
Finnish has words "mesi" and "piimä". In Estonian "piim" = milk, Finnish "piimä" = fermented milk.
Hungarian "méz" and Estonian "mesi" = honey,
Finnish "mesi"= the sugar liquid in flowers.
Same thing here, our grammar teacher (in Hungary) always explained to us the similarities in these languages as sidenotes, I thought more "ancient" words would be similar like milk or meat that were around in every age.
You are correct. Many of these words are internationally spread loan words, like tomato with slightly different versions. More cognate words in Uralic language family can be found on subjects like human body parts, kinship terms, numbers, nature objects, which have always been there, instead of words meaning tiger or giraffe, which are animals from different regions. But still, as you said, Hungarian and Finnic languages are very distant in vocabulary.
@@turkoositerapsidi if I remember well, the Hungarian word for milk (tej) is old Iranic origin
Potato in poland changes depending on region. My grandparents called it "bulwa", some people call it "pyra" other call it "kartofel"
The Turkish, Greek and some Balkan word for Orange literally comes from the name Portugal.
It’s the same in Arabic, Burtuqal
Same for neapolitan, purtuall.
Same in the dialect of Emilia dialet is called partugal, and potato is pom da tera, cucumber is cummor
And I like the word turkey (kind of poultry) which is hindi in turkish :'D So turkey originates from India? (a hungry Hungarian asks this :) )
@@zsu8498 turkey originates from North America but everybody thought the Turkey came from the country that traded it to them and so named it after where they bought it from
@@mokkaveli in portuguese tur🦃key is peru and theres a country name Peru..
Onion in Belarusian is "Цыбуля". Spelled in latin alphabet it would be identical to Ukrainian's "Tsybulya"
absolutely right, ukrainian and belarusian have the same history of development starting Kyiv Rus peiod, after The Grand Duchy of Lithuania when all words were created. And only after 18 century both were invasioned by Moskovia tsardom
@@taras2567 We're reaching levels of revisionism previously thought impossible
@@georgiykireev9678 Taras is absolutely right. All the major revisionism comes from your president though
@@PUARockstar Literally nothing he said was true. Let's break it down, bit by bit:
Ukrainian and Belarusian history, as in history that can be meaningfully separated from Russian history, began in the 15th century, when The Russian Tsardom and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth first got a defined border, and modern day Belarus and western Ukraine ended up on the PLC side. Due to their isolation from other East Slavs and Polish influence they began to develop linguistic differences, and that laid the foundation for what would later become their national identity. "Kyiv" (Київ) is not a historical spelling or pronunciation, as the name of the city was first Кыієвъ (similar phonetically), then Киевъ (literally modern Russian spelling except for a single minor detail), and it stayed this way for EIGHT CENTURIES straight. Kiev was a major player in the scattered mess of feudalism now called the Kievan Rus in the early mediaeval times, then got conquered by Lithuania and later joined the PLC, then the locals revolted against their Lithuanian leader and went, WILLINGLY, to the Russian Tsardom, and have stayed a part of it and the Empire all the way until the revolutions of the early 20th century, when Ukraine's first attempt at becoming a sovereign country happened.
So as you can see, he messed up literally everything - the names, the dates AND the events.
Edit: cleaned up some typos
На примере цыбули,на карте четко видны последствия оккупации католиками славян. Там где были католики - там латинское слово *цибуля* ,а у тех славян,что оставались православными ,у них *лук*.
woah its very accurate. Although potato in polish its also "kartofel" not only "ziemniak" it depends from region you came from. (sorry for my english)
1:40 'Pomme de terre' in French and 'Aardappel' in Dutch could actually be put under the same colour seeing as both mean 'Earth apple' in their respective languages:)
It think those are calques, instead of cognates, which seems was the intended differentiation...
We patate in french , I don't know why they choose "apple of the earth" as a word . It's just used (the word) in cooking and selling .
2:25 When you realize as a Hungarian, the Serbs completly brought it over the Hungarian word to the Serbian vocabulary. "Sárga" means orange, "Répa" means "the carrot" but we say "Fehérrépa" to call "Petroselinum's root". So I'm very surprised about the Serbian version of this word.
Greets from Hungary to every Serbians! :DD
In russian rEpa means turnip
It's actually a merge of one Slavic, and one Hungarian word, repa in Slavic is turnip which was joined together with sárga to create an unique word shared by both languages, although i heard that Hungarians more often say just repa for carrot or another borrowing from Slavic sounding similar to "mrkva"
@@zicma5366 Yes, we often call simply "répa" the carrot
@@zicma5366 Murok is general for carrot-like plants, only used dialectally or as part of a scientific plant name.
@@zicma5366
Repa in Serbian means a root vegetable. So we have SECERNA REPA is Sugar beet.
Sausage is "Sosiska" in Russian, Ukrainian and so on... so Kolbasa is big sausage, you could have painted half of Europe in blue :-) BTW "Pomidor" is kind of folk version, it is also called Tomat in Russian. If you would check documents and recipes it is usually referenced as Tomat.
And bread is not xleb, it's khleb.
@@hastalavista9579 кслеб, ксліб
Sosiska and tomato in Russian appeared only recently. Sosiska, this is kind of not-russian, German kolbasa.)) The same with tomato. This is like industrial, official name. In supermarkets - yes, in common language - no. Even in a restaurant you will never see a "tomato salad", only "salad iz pomidor". I admire how the author felt this difference.
Ничёподобного
@@user-zp7cx1ur5l yes, but u will never say "pomidorny soup", u will say "tomatny soup"/tomato soup in Russian
Thanks for showing the words in Basque too!
I think banana (a long, curved fruit with a usually yellow skin and soft, sweet flesh inside) is very similar word in all the European languages, for instance in Finnish it is "banaani".
4:37 bread in France "p̶a̶i̶n̶"
Spain without the s is tasty
I love that you included Napulitano ❤️ I haven’t seen anyone use the word vasanicola for basil since I was a kid
Appreciate the fact you added the Frisian language! Although Carrot is Woartel in Frisian, not wortel like Dutch.
Orange is similar to Portugal in Southeastern Europe because the Venecian and Genoese traders used to sell Portuguese oranges there. The name of the fruit became similar to the name of its place of origin.
In Moldova/Romania we have a regional synonym for castravete (cucumber), which is pepene(especially in the countryside), very similar to its’ Spanish/Portuguese equivalent - Pepino. We also use the word tomate for tomatoes
There is a word in Spanish that is very rare nowadays it is a synonym of pepino 'cohombro'
În Moldova castravetele este pepene, iar pepenele vostru e harbuz.
Also "carne" for Moldova at 7:40
Yes, we have tomată too, but it's almost never used compared to roșie.
@@spineshivers Vraiment, en roumain, le mot tomată est assez rare employé, en comparaison avec le mot roșie. Le mot tomată est un néologisme.
Tomatl is an Aztec word, imported from Spain, while pomodoro is a word from central Italy that compresses the phrase pomo d'oro because the first tomatoes arrived in Europe were actually yellow, so in the Slavic regions they took up and contracted the Italian name because it was certainly brought there by the various Italian engineers and artists called by the tsars.
The presence of Greek and Latin words in all languages is due to the fact that culture, even after the political end of Rome and Constantinople, remained a Roman thing,
In Bulgarian it is domat which has nothing to do with pomo d'oro and it's far closer to tomato.
@@ivanpetrov5185 Yes, in the case of Bulgaria it is similar to the Greek version of the name which is a variant of the Aztec one.
@@Antonio_DG It's funny, in Russian there are both versions.
Томат - apparently from the Greeks
Помидор - and "European version"
No difference. But there is a nuance - a large variety is more likely to be called a tomato. And a small one is more like a "pomidor"
@@TheAlien729 And something made out of tomato/pomidor is always tomat, tomat sauce for example
The name- pomidor, pom- arancza brought by Bona Sforza, the wife of one of the kings of Poland, who grew fruit and vegetables brought from the New World in her garden in the royal residence at Wawel.Hence, all exotic vegetables spread to the territory of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and further to the East.
In Polish while Ziemniak is the default and proper Polish word, a lot of people also say kartofel due to the German influence. But we have like 20 regional words for potatoes anyway lol
bravo
*This is great! Is the term given for these foods below Sicily Maltese, since Malta is accounted a part of Europe, rather than Africa?*
4:31 France: PAIN
Lemon🍋 big picture was such a lovely view 😍😍😍 Similar word maps definitely point out not originally indigenous foods
2:50 I like to explain the Czech word for tomato and why it's so different from the others, except it's not 😀 Rajce is shortly for "rajske jablko" raj=paradise, jablko=apple. Btw no one ever uses this long form anymore. So the word rajce is actually combination of the orange shaded areas (variations of the word paradise and the red areas which are different versions of the latin and french word for apple.)
Nice work and beautiful music 🎵
5:47
All countries: flour
Hungary: let's just write the name of our composer
Glad you show Welsh also, makes people aware English isn't the only language in UK
And Gaelic
@@burhanerdem it didn't show an unrecognised state created after an invasion that needs permission to do anything from Turkey?
@@burhanerdem they can just look at the Turkish ones, and realistically how many from the NCTR are watching this?
@@burhanerdem there aren't many Welsh speakers in London...
@@burhanerdem 77% to 18% in Cyprus. Also why did you use Wales and London since they're nothing like Cyprus?
very nice video thanks for your effort
Nice video. In Hunagry next to the word "burgonya" we use also "Krumpli". Would be nice to know all the words soruce, where came from.
You included Venetan!!! Thank you so much...I cannot explain the feeling of being recognized and included. So many languages are still unrecognized by their respective governments in the world..and with Venetian (and other languages as well) it has been a battle long decades now. Your work is precious for rising aknowledgement
Is Venetian still widespread?
@@tacidian7573 It is pretty much. Young people speak it. But it's still endangered if we keep thing like this (it's classified "definitely endangered" by UNESCO so it's one of the lowest levels of endangerment)
I agree with you, same for alpine lombard, spoken from valdossola to valtellina, from the pre-Alps north to Switzerland. When I speak it no other italian south of the river Po can undestand me, that to me makes it a proper language and not a dialect.
'Salatalık' is more common for cucumber in Turkish. And for 'orange', the word 'portakal' is right but 'narenciye' which is related with other 'orange' words, stays for all orange fruits in Turkish.
Btw in armenian there is a word "khiyar" which means "unripe cucumber". So I think or we borrowed that word from you, or you from us lol
@@Cripalani Well there is an option three, maybe we both borowed from the Persians :)) (mweh, actually your options are more likely but don't know which one is right in this case)
You won’t know how happy I am, that you included ‘t prachtige Frysk!
In Dutch the word Appel was used for a lot of ‘fruit’ naming in the day. Like aardappel (earth apple, potato) or sinaasappel (china’s apple, orange)
I am Romanian but I never realized that a few words are entirely different from the other languages like sausage, cinnamon cheese ect...
Some says that sausage and cheese are dacian words
Romanians are the odd latins 😅
Carne + Mat = Carnat. Sorry I don’t have Romanian keyboard. But Meat and intestine joined to become the word of Carnat.
@@x3aga971 nobody says that "carnat" is of dacian origin :). some say that "branza" is dacian
Interesting how you can very clearly see from these maps how some languages are similar - you can see how Basque, Greek, Turkish, Albanian, and Hungarian differ from larger groups in most staple items, how English mixes and matches between French and German (and sometimes Celtic), and how Estonia sometimes wants to be Nordic instead of Baltic - and, of course, how there's much less difference in later foods than earlier ones.
Estonian language is not related to other Baltic language. Its Finno-Ugri languange. So words are similar with finland. And some newer words are from Sweden and German, because they have occupied Estonia back in history.
Estonian is neither a Baltic or "Nordic" language. It's a Finnic language, related closely to Finnish and more distantly to Hungarian.
@@Phantamoon what do you mean as people? Genetically latvians and lithuanians are closer to estonians than finnish to estonians, however linguistically estonians are not baltic.
in Finns langouage till today use about 2 procents baltic words... many tousands years Finns lived where is Lithuania today, with balts
zeme is original word. changed to suomi. means ”land”
Very impressive and very interesting. I can suggest some edits. Orange: in Serbian, Naranža is used (but very rarely Naranča, which is typical in Croatian), but Pomorandža is much more common so I suggest using that. Also, it somehow feels to me that blue and orange should be combined here but I am not an expert...
Basil: in Serbian, Bosnian and Croatian, it is Bosiljak, so Basiljak is an error
Meat: in Bulgarian, it should be Meso when transcribed to Latin letters, it is still in Cyrillic as it is
It's like looking into the past at the remnants of the different migrating, invading and trading cultures. Very cool. At 6:13 I was wondering who originated the word for orange in the red countries.
In French we also use the word "patate" for potato, I'd say it is as used as "pomme de terre"
we use ... aard appel ... or pomme de terre but then in dutch ;)
but patate (patat) is what muricans call "fries" ... pomme de terre can be any potato, while patate is fried/baked not cooked (I not extremely serious about this)
However, 'patate' if not describing a variety, such as 'patate douce' (sweet potato) is seen as a colloquial or less 'correct' variety. In reality, the term 'patate' in French refers to a variety different from that of the 'pomme de terre'.
Dans le langage familier, on dit couramment «patate» lorsqu’on veut parler de «pommes de terre».
En réalité, il ne s’agit pas du même légume.
Certes, l’un et l’autre produisent des tubercules comestibles, mais la patate (el patatos) est une plante des régions chaudes, originaire elle aussi d’Amérique du Sud, du Mexique et des Caraïbes, et son tubercule a une chair douçâtre.
@@PhilologieRomane Intéressant, je l'ignorais, merci pour l'info ^^
@@-kvz-8829 ...
1:24
Damn, sausage in the Netherlands is the worst...
I think this comparison would benefit from using more universal nouns, such as house, tree, sky, sun, man, woman etc, rather than more recently introduced nouns for objects that may have been unknown indigenously until introduced locally and then adapted from other languages
You do know that this is not the only language video on this channel? Why include "house" in a video about names of foods and beverages? I think it was interesting to see how the more recent foodstuffs such as tomato were named across Europe.
Some of these for the Dutch words are okay, but some also have a Felmish variant which will bring it more in line with the rest (those words are mostly archaic in "proper" Dutch but very much used in Belgium still, with the archaic ones I know used in neither are still in line with the rest).
Flour also is literally the same word as flower, bloem. Meel is unsifted, bloem is sifted.
Niet zo overdrijven zot
8:08 "Hey can I drink your Pienas?"
"OI WHAT?"
In the fridge, you get it from cows?
Woah, someone finally included Malta into a European map? FINALLY! Everyone forgets us and thinks we're just a dinky island in the middle of the Mediterranean. Also our language is so different because of the arabic's reignin the 800s AD, just to clear up any confusion!
Your only mistake was at 2:02, we say karotta not zunnarija, everything else was spot on though! Great work!
Maltese is quite fascinating :)
As a Hebrew speaker, finding common roots in Maltese is fun. Sounds like Arabic with an Italian accent.
Close your Tax loopholes pls
Really interesting to see how Romania is kinda just there vibing, while the language uses many words of Latin origin, there is a huge slavic influence, and then some words that just kinda appeared out of nowhere
The out of nowhere words are most likely dacian, given the fact that we still kept a small part of the dacian vocabulary to this day. There are only a few usual words tho.
@@BalkanTerrorist Yea you're more than probably right, they could also be a combination of several different languages. It's really strange how Romania, while being surrounded by slavic and balkanic countries, remained pretty Roman compared to it's neighbours.
@@BalkanTerrorist there is only one "out of nowhere" (unknown origin) word in this list - "brânză". the rest of them have clear origin. also, this map is a simplification, for some words there is regional variation. and there are errors - for some reason for flour and meat rep of moldova uses different words (which they don't)
Northern Part and Eastern Part of Germany call often the Orange Apfelsine too, but since 1995 i think, its shifting more onto Orange.
Potato in Poland is also widely called "kartofel". Both words are often used alternatively by the same speakers
zależy na pomorzu (kaszuby) mówi się bulwy. A kartofel to tylko Ci zdrajcy niemiecy ze śląska "godają"
@@wojtasvsk3193 Nie.
1:48 Just a clarification, but the word "patate" also exists in French and Dutch :) It's very commonly used in French instead of "pomme de terre" (earth apple), but seen as familiar/dialect language in Dutch compared to "aardappel" (which also means earth apple!)
True ☝️
In Germany we use also "Erdapfel" = "pomme de terre", the term is more common in southern Germany.
And in Northern France we say « pennetière » like in : « Kevin, ramène-teu pour mincher t'pennetières ou té va t'printe eun' margnoufe sut' guiffe! ».
In Turkish we call earth apple for Jeruselam Artichoke, sunroot, wild sunflower, topinabur.
The german word Kartoffel ( (k)art-offel,) also comes from a dialectical form of Erd-apfel=earth-apple
Don't stop making those videos, because a I can't stop watching!
In Flemish (Dutch) "patat" is also commonly used for potato instead of "aardappel"
6:17: Estonian word for orange should be: "apelsin" not "apelsinipuu", which means "orange tree".
I really like this video, i think the idea of showing how words are pronounced in every country of the europe is cute and very original!
Greetings from italy🇮🇹❤
Where did the Isle of Man disappear to ? It's a crown dependency with its own language but has completely vanished from the map ! You've included all the other islands, so it's really odd !
there are few names for carot in Germany. Möhre, Karotte, Wurzel. Depending on the area in germany. You see the similarities in bordering countries. Orange can also be called Apfelsine in germany.
Great work. Shows culture impact through history. Would be interesting to do more words used for long time like "horse" "wheel" "sword" "head" and few that come later like "corn" "bathroom" "chimney"
What an extremely simple idea/video...
I love it! I want this as an endless screensaver
The fact that you separated northern and southern belgium, catalunya etc it's great
In nothern and southern Poland we also call potato a "bulwa" similar to Belarusian name. But we use "ziemniak" too
5:44 НА этом слайде, глядя на Датское "MEL" я вдруг понял, почему слово "МЕЛ" в русском пишется именно так: ведь его "мелют" то есть МОЛотят, разМЕЛьчают. Как и русская "Мука" в германских языках, "MEL" тоже МЕЛют, МОЛотят из МЕЛьчают в МЕЛьницах! Я обожаю подобные "инсайты" - озарения, когда до меня доходят подобные "вроде бы" очевидные вещи!
И правда, прочитал этимологию, исходит из протоиндоевропейского "Мол - перемалывать"
Да ты прям языковед очевидность
One thing for Albanian suxhuk is more of a blood sausage not the word sausage itself. The word for sausage in Albanian is “ salçiçe” which is actually very similar to sausage in pronunciation as well. Other than that you got everything right about Albania
Word Suxhuk is derived from turkish sucuk .
In my family we use the word salçiçe lol
Also Trangull instead of Kastravec.
@@TheLime1231 po kastravecit i themi trangull
@@blacks_life_doesnot_m..... yes in albania we have words we can use from turkish or other country's descent but we also have the albanian version. example is the color green, we can say yeshile but also i gjelbert
What a great video!
Great video !
Great video! It would be nice to see you make similar ones for other continents
South America for example.
I'd love to know how the Lemon vs. Citron usage came about...
When was lemons (citron) 🍋 introduced to Europe? I'm guessing only recently within a few hundred years ago? Because the terminology hasn't changed drastically for it to only have 2 different words used to describe it.
same with tea/Chai One came from the silk route from China and the other name was derived from India if i remember correctly
As far as I know, arab traders introduced the lemon to Spain during the years of the Grenada Khalifate. But I am not 100% sure.
Greeks have lemons (citrice) since forever
@@andreyanc4 maybe the arabs re-introduced it?
I'm pretty sure there were lemons and other citrus fruits present in mediterranean Europe during the antique period (Greeks and Romans), so a few 1000 years at least.
It was so nice of you that you included Turkey. It is not an indo european language but still has got so many words copied from French. 80% the words are completely different and that makes it really hard to learn English in Turkey. That's why our English level is not so well. But same goes for a person who speaks an indo european language and trying to learn Turkish. I saw quite fluent speakers but never seen native like fluency and pronunciation. When it comes to Koreans, Hungarians, mongols, They easily reach native like fluency but with slight foreigner accent.
I can see influence of saint Cyril and Methody now :). Great work!