Pretest and Posttest Analysis Using SPSS

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  • Опубликовано: 15 июл 2024
  • This video demonstrates a few ways to analyze pretest/posttest data using SPSS.

Комментарии • 156

  • @solomon_sen_ngp
    @solomon_sen_ngp 4 года назад +6

    Respected Dr. Todd, there are no words to thank you enough ... Thank you, Thank you so very much ... may you be richly rewarded ... in short, you are truly a LIFESAVER ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐

  • @brittanyhoffman8068
    @brittanyhoffman8068 5 лет назад +1

    Thank you for sharing this video Dr. Grande. I believe this video is useful, especially to those who are unfamiliar with spss or not confident in their ability to use spss. It is a longer video, but it thoroughly breaks down the analysis of pretest and post test in spss.

  • @carolkirby9558
    @carolkirby9558 8 лет назад +1

    This was an excellent introduction to SPSS. The visual depictions from inside the program were particularly useful. Materials like this are best learned with visual representations. It is difficult to understand this program and these concepts without them.

  • @remigiusdemby7433
    @remigiusdemby7433 7 лет назад +1

    Dr. Grande, your videos are helpful materials in helping me with the practical implementation of these concepts.

  • @MyDonh
    @MyDonh 8 лет назад +1

    i had to watch this several times to get the basis of the analysis. It is a very detailed process.

  • @dalietamears7116
    @dalietamears7116 8 лет назад +1

    I needed hear this a couple of times to get an understanding of SPSS. This is a ver detailed lesson.

  • @ranaqa8278
    @ranaqa8278 4 года назад +4

    this video saved my life, omg thank you, Dr. Grande for this valuable content

  • @melissaclendaniel9811
    @melissaclendaniel9811 9 лет назад +1

    Like many others, I thought this video was very detailed. But I thought that was a good thing because it gave me a chance to understand a more encompassing view of pre and post test analysis. In addition, I was able to see what options are available when considering pre and post test data analysis and which tests to run and when.

  • @rebeccameece013
    @rebeccameece013 9 лет назад

    This video was very detailed and I like seeing how to do the pretest and posttest using SPSS. I feel pretty comfortable with this information after watching the video. This was a good video to watch.

  • @aliciazahn1718
    @aliciazahn1718 9 лет назад

    I've never used the transform function in SPSS so that was really intriguing to see. I also learned that the paired samples t-test is for a within subjects design when using SPSS to run tests.I picked up that you don't look at the corrected model, but, instead, the group when looking at the test of between subjects effect.

  • @shekeyiabaker8060
    @shekeyiabaker8060 8 лет назад

    Submitted by Shekeyia Baker:This video helped me to visualize how to measure the effectiveness of counseling treatment that is provided to clients. Learning the contingencies that insurance companies place on the number of treatment provided and seeing a video like this helps to guide me as an aspiring counselor to seek counseling models that are evidence based and empirically supported. I feel this is because SPSS places the observable facet (example- decreased anxiety) of counseling into an objective form (numerical values) which supports concretely whether a treatment provided is or is not working.

  • @aliaayub9254
    @aliaayub9254 7 лет назад

    Really an excellent explanation of pre-test/post-test experimental design in easy and interesting way. I learn a lot through this video.

  • @chelseydavis4989
    @chelseydavis4989 9 лет назад

    This video relates to my research within subjects design in that I wanted to use pretests and posttest with the participants in the study. The video had a lot of information, that I will need to watch more than once to grasp all of.

  • @kimeeshareedwalker2602
    @kimeeshareedwalker2602 8 лет назад

    The fun part in all of this is being able to score and input the numbers manually. I look forward to doing that.

  • @kellykidd2004
    @kellykidd2004 8 лет назад

    Thank you so much for this easy to understand video. It really came in handy for me when designing my research proposal.

  • @ashleymogle2700
    @ashleymogle2700 5 лет назад +3

    Although this was a longer video, I can see the benefits of comparing pre- and post-test data. This is one of the ways researchers measure to see if the independent variable has had any effect on the dependent variable. Due to the somewhat difficult nature of this analysis, I am certain I will be re-watching this video in the near future.

  • @aussiebreezekorb8877
    @aussiebreezekorb8877 7 лет назад

    This was the first video I watched and I thought I was in for it! Then I moved on to some others and they are not as overwhelming. SPSS has a great offer for detail, but I am not sure that I am ready to delve into this. I see the value here for those who get in depth with research data, but I may stick to excel for now.

  • @jeanfranco77
    @jeanfranco77 9 лет назад

    This is amazing. Thank you for your videos!

  • @michelemunday7653
    @michelemunday7653 8 лет назад

    I liked this video. I thought it was easy to understand and follow. I chose to watch it specifically because it used pretest and post test analysis, which is often used in the research literature.

  • @jessicawilliams6286
    @jessicawilliams6286 8 лет назад

    I thought the video was insightful and provided detailed, step by step instructions which were easy to follow,. This is extremely beneficial for someone who has not used SPSS.

  • @zureezee1887
    @zureezee1887 7 лет назад +1

    This video explains the concept of analyzing pretest/posttest data using SPSS really well especially for someone who has never used SPSS before, however I would need more examples to understand the concept.

  • @kyarapanula1002
    @kyarapanula1002 8 лет назад

    Watching one more time....pretest and posttests are a great resource for research, but can also cause error....good background.

  • @jpincinjr
    @jpincinjr 9 лет назад

    Whoa. Lots of stuff in here. Showing a possible significant difference and everything else these analysis do is certainly very helpful.

  • @tommyfisher-klein8768
    @tommyfisher-klein8768 8 лет назад

    I think this was a good video to showed the similarities and differences of SPSS and Excel and how much more can be done using SPSS.

  • @susanwilder7616
    @susanwilder7616 9 лет назад +1

    The more I watch these videos, the better understanding I have when I read through peer reviewed articles.

    • @jpincinjr
      @jpincinjr 9 лет назад

      Susan Wilder Yes! I agree, Susan! That is a benefit of this, even though this stuff isn't really getting any easier...

  • @PublicHealthResources
    @PublicHealthResources 2 года назад

    Thank you Dr Grande, you inspired my channel. You are wonderful

  • @bethanyelstrom3566
    @bethanyelstrom3566 9 лет назад

    There was a lot going on in these test, but I found it helpful to see the difference plotted. I found the explanation of within subject design and between subject design to be helpful. I also found the questions that Dr. Grande asked about the research to be helpful.

  • @brittanyvodzak9198
    @brittanyvodzak9198 9 лет назад +1

    When thinking about my research paper I wanted to look at a pre test and post test so I found this video to be very helpful. I usually have trouble understanding SPSS but I found this video to be easy to understand. I think that if I was entering statistics into SPSS for this calculation I think I would feel overwhelmed because there are so many different numbers! It seems like it would be easy to understand once I had all the information entered in.

    • @CandyKaneLane
      @CandyKaneLane 9 лет назад

      Brittany Vodzak There is definitely more to SPSS than excel, but I like that we can import our data from excel to save time of having to enter in each calculation into SPSS.

  • @kimberlykelly386
    @kimberlykelly386 9 лет назад +1

    There is definitely a lot of information in this video but it's comforting to know that as long as we understand what these tests/analyses can be used for, we can reference this when applying it to our specific research. One of the important points I took from this is that paired samples T tests are usually used with Within Subjects designs (same person tested multiple times).

  • @katesurfs2738
    @katesurfs2738 3 года назад

    You're a legend! Thanks so much.

  • @michellerobinson968
    @michellerobinson968 9 лет назад

    This video has alot of information. Demonstrating the different ways to analyze pretest and posttest data was helpful. I would need to watch this a few times to absorb all the information.

    • @daniellemaldonado631
      @daniellemaldonado631 9 лет назад

      Michelle Robinson Definitely a lot of information! I too like the different ways to analyze pre and pottest data. Like you, I will need to watch again to make sure I have everything down, due to the amount of information. Overall, this was a good video and very easy to follow.

  • @lamiacedar3809
    @lamiacedar3809 3 года назад

    Thank you Dr Grande you are lifesaver

  • @mohammadyamini8395
    @mohammadyamini8395 6 лет назад

    Thanks dear Todd grande . your you tube files are very useful and helpful for me and our students understanding . Thanks a lot.

    • @DrGrande
      @DrGrande  6 лет назад

      You are welcome - thanks for watching -

  • @adamwilson4642
    @adamwilson4642 8 лет назад

    It's nice to have options in how to assess the significance of the DV.

  • @milry012
    @milry012 7 лет назад +1

    As usual thanks for the wonderful video. There is only one matter of concern here.
    From the other video which tests pretest and posttest normality distribution, posttest did not turn out to be normally distributed (unlike pretest).
    The questions is whether we are still allowed to use t-test or ANOVA for non-normally distributed variable of posttest here.

  • @monicaperry13
    @monicaperry13 7 лет назад

    I found this video to be very useful, especially because it used a simple example. I am not familiar with SPSS, so I found it helpful that the video demonstarted how the data was entered and used. I do not yet completely understand how SPSS works, but look forward to learning more about it.

    • @lizconnor1820
      @lizconnor1820 7 лет назад +1

      SPSS is actually less intimidating and easy to use the more you work with it! I used it in an undergraduate course and remember hating the software, but it was really helpful in generating the statistical analysis we needed for research projects and scenarios. I think the more videos we watch where SPSS is demonstrated, the easier it will be to remember the different tests and their uses in research studies.

  • @PejmanJ
    @PejmanJ 5 лет назад +1

    Very helpful!

  • @tamarabakergibbons5715
    @tamarabakergibbons5715 5 лет назад +1

    Its interesting that the "hope" of upcoming treatment can mediate the results before the pretest and actual treatment. Also independent samples t test and paired-samples t test in between subjects design are the same? Thank you for the video.

  • @Gaabane205
    @Gaabane205 7 лет назад

    Thank you. You will add other videos related this clip. I am very interesting.

  • @rosasutton8472
    @rosasutton8472 8 лет назад

    Although there was a lot of information presented, I was able to garner much from it. I think it was a very useful video for introducing students to SPSS and it's myriad of functions. I appreciated the visual demonstration of analyses along with the walkthroughs.

    • @shekeyiabaker8060
      @shekeyiabaker8060 8 лет назад

      I agree Rosa it is a lot of information presented and very useful. Its nice to have it in a format that we can refer back to going forward.

  • @rachelfoster5463
    @rachelfoster5463 9 лет назад

    This video was very detailed, which was helpful. Also, my partial eta question from a previous video was answered in this video! I like how there are different ways to look at the statistics based on the study and the results you are looking for.

    • @aliciazahn1718
      @aliciazahn1718 9 лет назад

      Rachel Foster Glad your question go answered! This was a very detailed video, I agree. There was a lot of information but it was all really detailed.

    • @melissaclendaniel9811
      @melissaclendaniel9811 9 лет назад

      I am also glad your question was answered! Even though it was a lot to take in, I felt that it was a more comprehensive view of pre and post test analysis and different ways to look at data.

  • @levifriedmann7439
    @levifriedmann7439 3 года назад +1

    This is awesome! Anyway, Dr. Grande, do you do Time Series Forecasting tutorial? The one that is as complete and as thorough as this one? Anything like ARIMA, VAR, VECM, that'd be very helpful. .

  • @timstauffer1351
    @timstauffer1351 7 лет назад

    very helpful. Thanks.

  • @alexandruboncu3403
    @alexandruboncu3403 7 лет назад

    Thank for the tutorial!! I have a question. Can you (or someone) recommend some references were is explain this method (introducing a variable that consists of difference between time 1 and time 2)? Thank you

  • @corinne7324
    @corinne7324 7 лет назад

    I have taken a class on SPSS prior to watching this video. I understood some of the things Dr. Grande showed, but I would have to have some more practice with the SPSS program/Excel to have a better understanding. I learned some new terms such as Posttest, Pretest, within subjects and the waiting list. If I started with the basics I would eventually be able to accomplish using the pretest and posttest.

    • @remigiusdemby7433
      @remigiusdemby7433 7 лет назад

      Corinne, I think these videos are guides to help us practice the concepts on our own.

  • @sofiaabuter237
    @sofiaabuter237 9 лет назад

    Thank you so much!!!!

  • @jazzynovy5400
    @jazzynovy5400 9 лет назад

    I personally prefer Excel. It's what I am used to and SPSS in this video made the analysis more complicated than what it actually is. I appreciate Dr. Grande giving examples to something we can relate the data to in order for us to understand the groups better. I am still not a fan of the multiple screens when conducting analysis on SPSS.

  • @paulapazdan202
    @paulapazdan202 4 года назад

    I am currently taking a research methods summer class and we are asked to create our own research. We are asked to make up our own data and do a statistical analysis, I had the hardest time figuring out what to do on spss for my research and this video SAVED MY LIFE thank you so much

  • @GretchenNH77
    @GretchenNH77 4 года назад

    This was so helpful

  • @elmahdizt2489
    @elmahdizt2489 Год назад +1

    Thank you Mr Todd for these explanations. I am starting a pre-test of a questionnaire for a scientific article (also for the SPSS software). Or is it optional? Suppose I have chosen a number of 20 respondents, is it possible to do 10 face to face and 10 online? Thank you in advance for your clarifications.

  • @shenat-ey8ge
    @shenat-ey8ge 6 лет назад

    so is it possible to do paired t-tests separately for each group, for instance calculating the pretest and posttest differences for the intervention group first then doing the same for the control group?

  • @ariadnaaguero-roman5525
    @ariadnaaguero-roman5525 9 лет назад

    Finding statistically significance between the control group and the experimental is important to determine the independent variable is effective. SPSS is able to run analysis for different research design. In this case the same subject was tested more than one time and there was a comparison within subjects.

  • @mandabear52289
    @mandabear52289 9 лет назад

    I think that althought there was a lot going on in this video I was still able to get a lot out of it. I really liked the explainations of the differences between the tests. I thought they were clear and easy to follow.

    • @kimberlykelly386
      @kimberlykelly386 9 лет назад

      Mandy Moore Mandy, I agree. I think I'm still a little more comfortable with Excel because it seems more familiar, but I'm thankful we'll have these videos to reference in the future. In the meantime, I'm focusing on wrapping my head around when and why we would use specific designs and statistics to get the data we're looking for.

  • @royalnewzealnd6237
    @royalnewzealnd6237 7 лет назад

    Hi Dr Todd, my all variables are on 1 to 5 Likert scale and measured twice. Can I use difference scores for each variable including independent variable? And can I use those change scores in structural equation model for all variables? And can I say, for example, that the change in independent variable (commitment) was significantly related to change in employee engagement (B = .32, p = 001).
    Please help, and I hope you will.

  • @daniellemaldonado631
    @daniellemaldonado631 9 лет назад

    Lots of information! However, it was still easy to follow along with Dr. Grande. I may have to go back and watch it again just to be sure I understand everything. I did not feel lost watching it though.

    • @reneemendez4287
      @reneemendez4287 9 лет назад

      Danielle Maldonado The pretest/posttest videos seem to be one of the easier videos to follow because it's an easier concept to understand. Just watching the step-by-step processes makes interpreting the data easier.

    • @rebeccameece013
      @rebeccameece013 9 лет назад

      Renee Mendez I think these videos are easier to understand also because the information is easier to follow and grasp as a whole. Because there was so much information, I will probably go back and rewatch it just to make sure I fully understand, but I do feel comfortable with it.

  • @thecorgisquad9861
    @thecorgisquad9861 9 лет назад

    This video was a little more cerebral than all of the prior ones, and I had to restart it and stop it multiple times. An overwhelming amount of information, however, it was helpful and informational. I appreciate the breakdown of when to use different types of statistical measures, but it was a lot of information to take in. Also, the more I watch videos on SPSS (the software program I previously preferred and learned how to do statistical analyses on), the more I see how people could consider Excel to be easier to understand and use.

  • @josephinemusyoka5798
    @josephinemusyoka5798 8 месяцев назад

    Very helpful. Thank you

  • @psricc
    @psricc 7 лет назад

    Helo Dr. Grande. What if I wanted to compare for significant differences for pre post within 5 groups inside of an independent variable. Which test do you recommend? Repeated Measures? I have run that over a few different ways and can get output showing significant differences between groups but not within a particular group ex. jobs is the independent variable with 4 types: police, fire, teacher, postal. I'd like to test for significant differences within each job. I look forward to hearing from you. Thanks

  • @alonmayormita5991
    @alonmayormita5991 8 лет назад +2

    Thank you for this very helpful video Mr. Todd. I have a question. Since you have shown three ways of statistical treatment if I am not wrong these are: paired T-Test, Anova, and Independent T-Test, which one is suitable for a study that compares the results of pre-test and post-test in 2 groups (control and experimental)? And how to know that the experimental work significantly or not compare to control group?

  • @balewzeleke5480
    @balewzeleke5480 4 года назад

    Very helpful for me !!!

  • @IIllytch321nonadinfinitum
    @IIllytch321nonadinfinitum 8 лет назад

    Good distinction at 5:33.
    Mind you I'm a psych major that doesn't have a great deal of experience, but can you explain why you did the within-group analysis including both groups (Starting at 15:30)? That doesn't make sense to me, as you're lumping both groups in with each other, precisely what you don't do in a within-group comparison. You even mention at the end of said analysis that this won't tell you about the treatment effect (whether the treatment group had significantly different pre- and post-tests; 17:10 - 17:31).
    Any clarification would be greatly appreciated.

  • @kellykane7586
    @kellykane7586 7 месяцев назад

    🤔 humble beginnings
    Look at the Doc now 🍻

  • @MarkVanderley
    @MarkVanderley 8 лет назад +12

    This one was longer than the others, the videos that use smaller bites of information are more easily digested

  • @sophiasilverstein8772
    @sophiasilverstein8772 6 лет назад

    Very clear, very helpful for me

  • @imanejai6953
    @imanejai6953 Год назад

    Very helpful thank you 😊

  • @toniettemorda6247
    @toniettemorda6247 9 лет назад

    Interesting Video. SPSS is good to use when there are several factors involved. This was a lot of information and I was getting somewhat confused. But overall good video!

    • @mandabear52289
      @mandabear52289 9 лет назад

      Agreed, SPSS is better for the more complex statistics using multiple factors. There was a lot of info but with practice you will get it.

  • @cherrytsang6596
    @cherrytsang6596 3 года назад

    Hello, Dr. Todd. If there is no treatment group with pre and post test, which Analysis method would be appropriate? many thanks!

  • @ronnalizasevilla8032
    @ronnalizasevilla8032 3 года назад

    Hi I have question, the quasi-experimental we have have 3 groups, one group is for control, two for experimental which recieve different reward. We do 3 trials of pre-test and post test. It is right to use t-test and anova for their test difference?

  • @MrsBobDylan
    @MrsBobDylan 7 лет назад

    I thought that this video explained pretest and posttest analysis very well. I think I am starting to understand SPSS a little more after watching this video. I'm still leaning a little more toward Excel though.

    • @amandagerrick5407
      @amandagerrick5407 7 лет назад

      I agree, Jillian. Even though I can see more using SPSS and understand the results a little better. I appreciate the way pretest and posttest analysis is done using Excel because I am more familiar with it.

  • @Upasana-Sharma
    @Upasana-Sharma 2 месяца назад

    Which test is used when we have a larger sample size for RCT ?

  • @tammywitzke6642
    @tammywitzke6642 8 лет назад

    I thought this was a good video, easy to follow and understand.

  • @mesiazul8435
    @mesiazul8435 Год назад

    Hi, do you know how to estimate sample size if the research paper is using the mean difference without standard deviation shown?

  • @aminathaliagerminoana8037
    @aminathaliagerminoana8037 6 лет назад

    this video is so helpful.

  • @neuroticoeuvre1108
    @neuroticoeuvre1108 2 года назад

    Hello dr grande. I have experimental and control group where I compare their pre and post tests scores of 3 different questionnaire. What kind of test I should be using?

  • @samjuankirmiprizu8018
    @samjuankirmiprizu8018 4 года назад

    is ID number a necessity in order to perform this?

  • @kwaiyinghan4484
    @kwaiyinghan4484 8 лет назад

    for difference, can I change post test subtract pre test?

  • @jhoward1129
    @jhoward1129 9 лет назад

    This video was packed with a lot of information. I wonder why the identical video in Excel was so much shorter. Is it not capable of the same? Or maybe it just wan't relevant. I think I may need to watch it a couple more times to really understand it all.

    • @thecorgisquad9861
      @thecorgisquad9861 9 лет назад

      Jessie Howard I think this video was so much longer not only because it contained a little more in-depth information, but SPSS usually has a few more steps to carry out the same function. This speaks to your previous mention about the ease of Excel verses using SPSS and I tend to agree with you!

  • @ahmedseliem3201
    @ahmedseliem3201 3 года назад

    Can you recommend a method Pretest and Posttest Analysis in social research where participants randomly selected from both intervention and control groups either in the pretest or the post-test so they are not the same persons?

  • @nurihsan9818
    @nurihsan9818 7 лет назад

    very helpul...

  • @madu3058
    @madu3058 6 лет назад

    I want to analysis my pretest and post test of dferent three groups using MANCOVA advice me

  • @SaraKhan-tj5jf
    @SaraKhan-tj5jf 3 года назад

    Dear Sir, very useful and helpful effort ... I am very grateful. I have a confusion. how ID number 1 comes up in the post-test when he lies in the control group 1. I will be very grateful for ur response.

  • @jacklinskibicki6098
    @jacklinskibicki6098 9 лет назад

    Although I understand the general concepts associated with pretests and posttests, as well as what SPSS is looking to analyze, I seem to get somewhat caught up in the confusion of the actual computer program itself. I may need further clarification on using SPSS.

  • @charliehelmijr
    @charliehelmijr 5 лет назад

    Not sure if you're still reacting to this video. But why would we not use a Repeated Measures Anova? (Under General Linear Model) in SPSS, with the variable with groups as the Between-Subjects variable and turn on Post-Hoc tests? Does it matter?

  • @lucias1276
    @lucias1276 Год назад

    when I have scores from a test where do i put the overall number of points they coudl score?

  • @diablomonkey8399
    @diablomonkey8399 7 лет назад

    thank you

    • @DrGrande
      @DrGrande  7 лет назад +1

      You're welcome - thank you for watching.

  • @katherinebeck593
    @katherinebeck593 9 лет назад

    I was a little confused by the control group and the waiting list group because they sounded very similar

  • @lolujubril
    @lolujubril 4 года назад

    Why did you divide them into a control and test groups, if they all actually received the treatment?

  • @thesolvit7407
    @thesolvit7407 4 года назад

    I've followed your instructions in wilcoxon, paired t-test, independent t test and anova. I don't know which one is correct in analyzing the difference between the pretest and posttest if the number of participants in my control group is 15 and control group is also 15, defying the criteria of using parametric test. What should I do? Please help♥️😭

  • @gedefawtaye2130
    @gedefawtaye2130 3 месяца назад

    Thank you Dr. Grande, but I need help/ video how to enter control and experimental group data in spss. please help me DR

  • @aifoonaahammed129
    @aifoonaahammed129 2 года назад

    One of the assumption for paired t test is that the paired measurement should be normally distributed. Suppose that our data contains 100 observations. Don't we go for a normality test before performing paired t test? Please respond ..

  • @rondelsnow674
    @rondelsnow674 24 дня назад

    Hi good day I have a research to do and I’m stuck at analyzing the pretest posters, I watched your video however I have never use the software before and would like some assistance if that Oly with you

  • @memoona4287
    @memoona4287 3 года назад

    Listen in chi test pre and post how we can use??

  • @BalthasarGondii
    @BalthasarGondii 3 года назад

    Any kind of T-test is posterior to the Normality Test that must be done first.

  • @samihasharma8785
    @samihasharma8785 3 года назад

    Sir I studied that t test is apply on more than 30 samples. My sample size is 60. Whitch test is better.

  • @ranianggraini3663
    @ranianggraini3663 6 лет назад

    How to analisis frequences 2 class. Exam class A 22 people and class b 24 people, i have problem of missing 2 people on my statistic. Thanks

  • @reneemendez4287
    @reneemendez4287 9 лет назад

    There is not much to say about this video. It was interesting seeing how to analyze pretest/posttest information in SPSS versus Excel, but, as I have mentioned before, I wonder how useful this information is to someone like me who has never used SPSS before.

  • @pearlbutler9377
    @pearlbutler9377 8 лет назад +8

    Am I he only person that feels completely lost. The information seems great and very helpful but I don't understand. The explanation is understandable to some degree but having the knowledge to get to this point has me fearful.

    • @charmainequarles5863
      @charmainequarles5863 8 лет назад +2

      No Pearl you're not the only one. I too am having a hard time understanding the material. I feel like this is a foreign language.

    • @brittbell15
      @brittbell15 8 лет назад +1

      I watched this video twice and became very overwhelmed! I think we just need to continue to learn the basics of this subject matter and then maybe we can build with information, such as this, later down the road!

    • @melissahansbury6522
      @melissahansbury6522 8 лет назад +1

      I have to agree that I feel lost. The videos are always helpful but because these concepts are so foreign and we aren't using the programs in class it seems hard to grasp.

  • @mouthofthesouth3903
    @mouthofthesouth3903 3 года назад

    Hi Todd, very good tutorial but my sum and average values are negative. For example, my control group is -8 and my experimental group is -14. What does this mean???
    Thank you in advance

    • @mouthofthesouth3903
      @mouthofthesouth3903 3 года назад

      Just adding to that, I followed your excel tutorial, not the spss one.

  • @husam1001
    @husam1001 8 лет назад

    Thank you for your presentation! You have not provided the reliability test

  • @yunal8735
    @yunal8735 2 года назад

    Hi, how do I report if my p is more than .001?