What proto Indo-Iranian(Aryan) developed: 1. Aspect Different from proto Germanic, Proto-indo iranian keep PIE 3 aspect develop the forth aspect "Future aspect" derived from the desiderable verb. Avestan has the inchoative aspect. 2. Passive and Middle voice In the present aspect, the Aryan language developed the passive voice derived from the intransive verb, also the developed the middle voice in the perfect aspect. 3. Keep the derivational verb Difference from other indo-european languiage, the Aryan language keep the causative, desiderative and intenseive. Vedic sanskrit made the form of aorist and future for these verb. Conclusion, this language compared from the proto-germanic, keep the archic form and preserve more archaic word and developed the grammar.
Proto-Indo-Iranian has more open vowels as a striking feature. Especially more /a/ phonemes. This is what is pretty prominent in Sanskrit, too. The "chatwari" of Proto-Indo-Iranian is very interesting - exactly like in Sanskrit.
I’m hearing retroflexed consonants in Indo-Iranian, but I think this is a mistake. I believe the retroflexed consonants became a feature of Indo-Aryan because of contact with indigenous aboriginal languages in the Gangetic Plains. Avestan does not have this feature and it should according to this video since it is a scion of Indo Iranian
As much as they are related via their closely related vocabulary, Proto-Indo-European still has some extreme differences from Proto-Indo-Iranian, especially in terms of sharp phonetic differences. If you time-travelled, and got a Proto-Indo-European speaker to converse with a Proto-Iranian speaker, there would still be misunderstandings as the Proto-Indo-Euro speaker would be confused by the sound changes which have occured by the time Proto-Iranian languages fully took root. I mean, there would still probably be some mutual intelligibility between the two, but they would both have had to speak slowly and clearly with each other, and give each other phonetic-change pointers and time to think a bit in between sentences, and only then would they be able to have a smooth conversation. Otherwise, the PIE native speaker from 3000 B.C, if he/she time travelled to 2200 B.C Iran (800 years later), there would be communication problems even if some words seem familiar to the other. It would be like an Old Aenglisc Anglo-Saxon speaker from the 6th century CE hearing a Proto-Germanic speaker from the 1st century, relatable, but still different somewhat.
A language always keeps evolving and goes away from its original form while keeping the basic skeleton. As someone who speaks 3 Indo-iranian and 1 Indo-european languages, I am able to understand both the proto forms but maybe i will not be able to understand evolved forms of them like the germen from endo-europian family. I can speak Hindustani(Hindi-Urdu),Marathi,Kokani and off course English. i studied sanskrit for 4 years when i was in high school. I wont claim to understand Sanskrit completely since its a very rich language but i am familiar with the basics.
Indo-Iranian languages are Indo-European. So you speak four Indo-European languages. Three are from the Indo-Aryan group (Hindustani: Hindi and Urdu, Marathi and Kokani) of the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family and one is from the Germanic branch (English) of the Indo-European language family.
@@premroymathematicsclasses1969 ik that since proto Iranian went under s to h I'm talking about the H which was kept in places and the aspirations which both languages had
@@ibrohimh9976 yes, there is scientifically. Officially Pamiris are Tajik. Having the same origin nowadays they have language difference by Tajiks switching to Persian language more than thousand years ago
@@ibrohimh9976 turks in Anatolia also genetically are not mongoloid but consider themselves as so. They also monopolized the name of turkey as Iranians did with the name of Iran
"Proto" is a Greek prefix, meaning "first" or "original/originator." In linguistics, it's used to denote a reconstructed ancestral form of a language or language family. Therefore, "Proto-Indo-European" refers to the originator of Indian and European languages though it is a bit vague as ether language outside India and Europe are in the language family the languages are specifically Iranian, North Indian languages, and languages in Europe that are not Uralic, Turkic, Basque, Caucasian, and some of Semitic origin, which are not Indo-European. However, the Caucasian language Armenian is, in fact, Indo-European. We can further categorize Indo-European into a branch called Proto-Indo-Iranian, which is the originator of North Indian and Iranian languages.
Yes, they do seem similar even though they are also completely different. two PIE: *d(u)wóH → dos, dó, two, dva, dýo, ... PAN: *duSa → PMP *duha → duha, du(w)a, loro, roa, hugua, eru, ...
There's no proof that Austronesian and Indo European shares common ancestry. They totally differs culturewise and physiology wise. Maybe it's just a coincidence that the Indo Europeans and Austronesians have a similar word for number 2.
@@thyroton_764 I agree with you. Some scientists believe though that Proto-Austronesian may have a relationship with Proto-Austroasiatic, but the proofs are not conclusive.
I don't know about duwa, but, by the way, languages like Indonesian and surrounding languages have adopted many Sanskrit words. In fact, their number 8, 'asta,' comes from Sanskrit 'aṣṭa.' If you want, there's a wiki on the various Indic loanwords in Indonesian. It's a pretty big list! 😅
As an iranian i say The whole IE hypothesis is a hoax, it's only indian and iranian languages which are related, slavic, celtic and germanic hellenic are a language family by themselves each alone.
You can say that, but it doesn't make it true. There is a huge body of evidence from thousands of professional linguists all over the world proving that these languages come from a common ancestor
I speak Persian and i live in Poland. If you speak parsi just come here and see how polish is similar to Persian, you will be speechless. And Polish is Slavic. Just one verb to be (bić/budan-jest/hast) is enough to ease your life and learn the language with an advantage
@@User8888hdjsjsjshgdhsb yes! True... but some basic words of any language which are held to be loanwords doesn't make all these a family. There are some words in arabic which are close to english like Qorab=crow, kahf=cave, eye=ein But does this make Semitic relating to IE? also 'àb' in arabic means father and in korean a similar word aba! while two languages have different roots...!
@@User8888hdjsjsjshgdhsb whit all respect to poles, there are less relaions between slavic and aryan languages other than Germanic ones... Germanic have the potential to be related to Aryan languages but not balto_slavic, the grammar is far enough different to aryan..
This proto language sure loves the [a] sound
prata-languaga
Indeeda!
Brugmann’s law
@@tiramisu7544
Bragmanna's Lawa
Paraataa Andaa Araanayan Lavas Tha lattara a
What proto Indo-Iranian(Aryan) developed:
1. Aspect
Different from proto Germanic, Proto-indo iranian keep PIE 3 aspect develop the forth aspect "Future aspect" derived from the desiderable verb. Avestan has the inchoative aspect.
2. Passive and Middle voice
In the present aspect, the Aryan language developed the passive voice derived from the intransive verb, also the developed the middle voice in the perfect aspect.
3. Keep the derivational verb
Difference from other indo-european languiage, the Aryan language keep the causative, desiderative and intenseive. Vedic sanskrit made the form of aorist and future for these verb.
Conclusion, this language compared from the proto-germanic, keep the archic form and preserve more archaic word and developed the grammar.
@@japaneseapoist286Fascinating
As a Kurdish speaker, I understood many words
You can listen balóchi langauge words, That are mostly simler to kurdish
Same :P I'm Kurdish too
@@Mehr_Qoutes they all sound so similar to middle Persian.
I would say modern Iranian languages are so much closer to middle persian comparing to this proto languages @@Moh_Ka
as an austrian, i understood both of them perfectly.
this is because i speak english & i read the english subtitles.
😂
Pamiri Aryan here! Waited for this one because that's how my ancestors apparently spoke
Pamiri from Afghanistan, Tajikistan or Uzbekistan?
There is no pamiri in Uzbekistan i've seen many tajiks but not pamiri tajiks throughout my country
@@indianboy59 from Tajikistan
@@Hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh29 there are some in Tashkent and Samarkand originally from Tajikistan who moved there during the Soviets. Very few!
@@User8888hdjsjsjshgdhsb thank you for information could you tell me what the difference is between tajiks and pamiris
I hope you do Proto-Armenian soon, I love this series so far! 🤩
Love the old language videos.
Amazing how one can already hear the salient characteristics of Hindustani languages! Good job pronouncing it!
As well as some Persian features too, I can identify both being familiar with both Hindustani and Persian
Can you do Avestan and Vedic Sanskrit!
the PII reconstruction shown here is more close to actual PIE than your PIE reconstruction.
Proto-Indo-Iranian has more open vowels as a striking feature. Especially more /a/ phonemes. This is what is pretty prominent in Sanskrit, too. The "chatwari" of Proto-Indo-Iranian is very interesting - exactly like in Sanskrit.
What's more striking is PIE only having e and o vowels.
Will there be Proto Iranian or/and Proto Indo Aryan too
Yes
I’m hearing retroflexed consonants in Indo-Iranian, but I think this is a mistake. I believe the retroflexed consonants became a feature of Indo-Aryan because of contact with indigenous aboriginal languages in the Gangetic Plains. Avestan does not have this feature and it should according to this video since it is a scion of Indo Iranian
As much as they are related via their closely related vocabulary, Proto-Indo-European still has some extreme differences from Proto-Indo-Iranian, especially in terms of sharp phonetic differences. If you time-travelled, and got a Proto-Indo-European speaker to converse with a Proto-Iranian speaker, there would still be misunderstandings as the Proto-Indo-Euro speaker would be confused by the sound changes which have occured by the time Proto-Iranian languages fully took root. I mean, there would still probably be some mutual intelligibility between the two, but they would both have had to speak slowly and clearly with each other, and give each other phonetic-change pointers and time to think a bit in between sentences, and only then would they be able to have a smooth conversation. Otherwise, the PIE native speaker from 3000 B.C, if he/she time travelled to 2200 B.C Iran (800 years later), there would be communication problems even if some words seem familiar to the other. It would be like an Old Aenglisc Anglo-Saxon speaker from the 6th century CE hearing a Proto-Germanic speaker from the 1st century, relatable, but still different somewhat.
Same case applies to the Celtic, Germanic, Italic and Balto-Slavic branches to Proto-Indo-European
Indo Europeans weren’t in Iran 2200 BC. Proto Iranian language came to Iran only in 1000 BC.
A language always keeps evolving and goes away from its original form while keeping the basic skeleton. As someone who speaks 3 Indo-iranian and 1 Indo-european languages, I am able to understand both the proto forms but maybe i will not be able to understand evolved forms of them like the germen from endo-europian family.
I can speak Hindustani(Hindi-Urdu),Marathi,Kokani and off course English. i studied sanskrit for 4 years when i was in high school. I wont claim to understand Sanskrit completely since its a very rich language but i am familiar with the basics.
Indo-Iranian languages are Indo-European. So you speak four Indo-European languages. Three are from the Indo-Aryan group (Hindustani: Hindi and Urdu, Marathi and Kokani) of the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family and one is from the Germanic branch (English) of the Indo-European language family.
nice video there is an error there are places where we will have H in proto indo Iranian and aspirates in proto indo European
Sankrit Persian
Sapta Haft (7)
Sahasra Hezaar (1000)
Dasha Dah (10)
Vasanta Bahaar (Spring)
Sam Ham [with,both(prefix)]
Svasr Xahar (Sister)
@@premroymathematicsclasses1969 ik that since proto Iranian went under s to h
I'm talking about the H which was kept in places and the aspirations which both languages had
I suggest comparison PIE and Proto-Balto-Slavic. The earliest form of baltic and slavic languages
The proto indo iranian numbers are more similar to slavic numbers than the european ones
Slavic languages are European
That is probably because Proto-Balto-Slavic and Proto-Indo-Iranian are both satem languages, and Western European languages are centum languages.
Fun fact:- They both are reconstructed languages.
This is the most obvious thing ik.
I can't wait to learn these languages.
Please make Proto Balto Slavic and Proto Indo Iranian
Very cool!, First comment!
Balochi (Balochistan) language is also an iranian language, That is more simler to kurdish, Pashtu and Persian.
E became A
Strange. In PII the word for wool is ur?na. This is similar to the urdu word oon. But the persian word for wool is pasham.
Yes in Hindi un comes from Prakrit unna from Sanskrit urna. It's cognate with English wool.
🇮🇷❤️🇵🇰❤️🇮🇳
🇹🇯🇹🇯🇹🇯 don't forget your little Aryan brother
@@ibrohimh9976 I am Pamiri and we are 100 % R1a1 in Pamirs and we are IRANIC ARYANS
@@ibrohimh9976 yes, there is scientifically. Officially Pamiris are Tajik. Having the same origin nowadays they have language difference by Tajiks switching to Persian language more than thousand years ago
@@ibrohimh9976 I don't care as long as inhabitants of Republic of Iran consider themselves as Aryans and speak the Aryan language
@@ibrohimh9976 turks in Anatolia also genetically are not mongoloid but consider themselves as so. They also monopolized the name of turkey as Iranians did with the name of Iran
What is mean the proto?
"Proto" is a Greek prefix, meaning "first" or "original/originator." In linguistics, it's used to denote a reconstructed ancestral form of a language or language family. Therefore, "Proto-Indo-European" refers to the originator of Indian and European languages though it is a bit vague as ether language outside India and Europe are in the language family the languages are specifically Iranian, North Indian languages, and languages in Europe that are not Uralic, Turkic, Basque, Caucasian, and some of Semitic origin, which are not Indo-European. However, the Caucasian language Armenian is, in fact, Indo-European. We can further categorize Indo-European into a branch called Proto-Indo-Iranian, which is the originator of North Indian and Iranian languages.
Pie for one is óynos.
There were 4 ways of saying “one” including “óynos” but also “óykwos” and “sem-“ which the word “same” comes from
Why does it sound so similar to Sanskrit😭
This is because Sanskrit is a language descended from Proto-Indo-Aryan
And Sanskrit is a language related to Portuguese, English, Welsh, Russian, Latvian, Albanian, Latin, Greek, German etc.
It sounds like a Sanskrit speaker burnt his tongue while drinking a cup of hot tea
We are one strong people, the strongest of the world💪💪💪
Who?
Everyone is equally strong
@@MegaJellyNelly Said by the average LGBT support😂
@@axpowrt3456 We, the Aryans. Proto-Indo-Iranians are as well Aryans💪
Both sound similar as root for both is same. But, Vedic sanskrit is a completely different language abs has no relationship with these languages.
This languages are dialects of a one language. They are intellegible
No, Proto-Indo-Iranian descended from Proto-Indo-European
@@Nastya_07 In this video they are very close
dwoh and dwaH are so similar to Austronesian's duwa.
Yes, they do seem similar even though they are also completely different.
two
PIE: *d(u)wóH → dos, dó, two, dva, dýo, ...
PAN: *duSa → PMP *duha → duha, du(w)a, loro, roa, hugua, eru, ...
There's no proof that Austronesian and Indo European shares common ancestry. They totally differs culturewise and physiology wise. Maybe it's just a coincidence that the Indo Europeans and Austronesians have a similar word for number 2.
@@thyroton_764 I agree with you. Some scientists believe though that Proto-Austronesian may have a relationship with Proto-Austroasiatic, but the proofs are not conclusive.
I don't know about duwa, but, by the way, languages like Indonesian and surrounding languages have adopted many Sanskrit words. In fact, their number 8, 'asta,' comes from Sanskrit 'aṣṭa.' If you want, there's a wiki on the various Indic loanwords in Indonesian. It's a pretty big list! 😅
Javanese
Ekå
Dwi
Tri
Catůr
Påncå
Sat
Saptå
Asthå
Nåwå > Nawa ?
Dåså
Because of Sanskrit influence and Hinduism and Buddhism Scriptures
Proto-Indo-Iranian has SUS symbol 💀
Its not the n@zi symbol, its actually is symbol of mithraeism, an old ancient iranian religion
In all Historical Places in Iran you can see it
It's Symbol Of Indo Iranian People
@@OshinAttari we are not indo iranian we are only iranian.
It's a Hindu symbol. Only we use it now
Westerns 🦧
As an iranian i say The whole IE hypothesis is a hoax, it's only indian and iranian languages which are related, slavic, celtic and germanic hellenic are a language family by themselves each alone.
You can say that, but it doesn't make it true. There is a huge body of evidence from thousands of professional linguists all over the world proving that these languages come from a common ancestor
You are crazy! Mother Father brother. Tochter und Schwester. star, stern, setara.. doesn't say anything to you ?
and they are hundreds
I speak Persian and i live in Poland. If you speak parsi just come here and see how polish is similar to Persian, you will be speechless. And Polish is Slavic. Just one verb to be (bić/budan-jest/hast) is enough to ease your life and learn the language with an advantage
@@User8888hdjsjsjshgdhsb yes! True... but some basic words of any language which are held to be loanwords doesn't make all these a family.
There are some words in arabic which are close to english like
Qorab=crow, kahf=cave, eye=ein
But does this make Semitic relating to IE?
also 'àb' in arabic means father and in korean a similar word aba!
while two languages have different roots...!
@@User8888hdjsjsjshgdhsb whit all respect to poles, there are less relaions between slavic and aryan languages other than Germanic ones...
Germanic have the potential to be related to Aryan languages but not balto_slavic, the grammar is far enough different to aryan..
Love from India Bengal 🟧⬜☘️