The Halo Effect - Cognitive Biases That Can Ruin Your Life
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- Опубликовано: 20 май 2024
- Get my new book, 'The Art of Living an Absurd Existence', here: www.amazon.com/dp/B0CX1MP7PF
In this video, we explore six of the most common psychological mind traps, how they can silently affect our lives, and how we can work to avoid them with a careful awareness and intellectual humility.
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we are being influenced beyond our own recognition, it’s impossible to know what choices are yours alone
I agree 100% with you on that. Oh wait…😮
This the danger of AI as propaganda developers that will surpass what we think is free will.
Some epistemologies are more helpful in understanding reality than others. There are a lot of epistemologies. Most are low accuracy. One must understand all of them to be able to empathize with all other points of view. Aint nobody got time for that. Instead we have a standardized epistemology available that everyone could learn and use to work with others in a multicultural world. We are all connected for the first time in the entire history of the universe. Thanks internet.
Does it matter? You live up to your personal potential, in your case options beyond imagination. But isn't that exactly what we want? A lesser or mediocre human specimen having less success? I Value inclusion, but there are differences. Especially as a musician, I feel strongly for those who really get it, and less for those who don't. Is that wrong?
damn true!
I really liked how each example was strung along by a continuing story.
Yeah
Exactly.
You're built like a continuous story
but whatever happened with the blonde and the abusive girlfriend?
Kinda feels like you stretching descriptions of very general psychological principles with very specific justifications for you wanting to cheat on your girlfriend
We'll never become the sole driver of our minds, of ourselves. But we can, perhaps, become a more observant passenger.
Well, that makes no sense whatsoever.
@@MartinPlath Makes sense to me
You can be completely in control of your mind. Stop consuming advertising and watch how quickly you change.🤷♀️
@@dpelpalno
@@dpelpalfree will isn’t real. Only an illusion
0:13 The anchoring effect
2:17 the halo effect
3:48 the mere-exposure effect
5:14 confirmation bias
6:37 selective confirmation bias
6:49 bias blind spot
Selective perception bias
Main character syndrome!
Thank you
2:17 the dump her effect
YES!
its amazing that we can be aware of such things but be unable to change them while change is also a constant fuel for life.
Yeah, it's almost paradoxical, isn't it? Humans are never satisfied with the status quo, we are always searching for _more._ And yet we are also most comforted by, and attracted to, patterns and regularity.
There are 4 certainties in life: Death, Taxes, Stupidity and Change. We generally refuse to play an active roll when it comes to change or transformation. However, we might be driven to change the minute we see greater benefits coming from it, or by becoming aware of something we were not before. This is a great channel and Robert´s books are great too.
The timing of this video is divine, i almost made a horrible decision
Don’t worry. There’s plenty of time to make more
@@jayk5549 hopefully this tool helps me overcome
I also stumbled across this just as I have a big decision to make that needs lucidity and clarity. Who is driving this vessel?!?
@mylesjeffers6148 whoever it is, we say thank you🤌
"Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts.” It's ok to make mistakes just as long as you learn from them and seek to repeat them.
This is why I try to form strong opinions on personal experiences only. I take what others think with a grain of salt. To understand that I may very well be wrong in all my assumptions, and to never try to convince others of my beliefs because of it. If I’m asked I will share my opinions with the reasons I hold them. They can then form their own conclusions with the information.
Get ready to not be liked by many people. I’ve found most people don’t like it when they can’t put you in a box. They need to easily “understand” you or they won’t try. They need to make sure you are on “their side”. People love labels and boxes.
If I don't care what my mind thinks of me, why would I care what any other mind thinks of me?😂
This is exactly why you should NOT form your opinions by personal experiences only. Your mind is too flawed. Like anyone else's...
Rely on empirical data instead.
@Jan-ny6
You should search-What is the meaning of empirical data?
“Empirical implies that the information is based on (experience), and data is information we (gather) about something. Thus the information acquired by (scientists) through (experimentation) and (observation) is called empirical data.” I think one could call this life experience imo.
Where does imperial data come from? Who collects it and interprets it? Has it ever been wrong in the past and does it ever change? If it were so easy to live life perfectly off the data others collect and give out why hasn’t that happened yet? If you’re just giving me your grain of salt that’s fine because that’s how I’m taking it. If you want to debate on this I’m not interested. All just give you this small essay as a token of good will. If you find joy living your life using “imperial data” that’s awesome. As for me, well my experience/ intuition tells me what to believe and how to live. Or you could call it my imperial data if you’d like. I understand your point, and I do take in a lot of information from areas other than my own personal experience. But at the end of the day, I’m the one that decides if I believe it or not. I don’t take anything as pure truth without question. And even then it’s subject to change with enough time and study. Kinda like the scientists that collect data and give it out as empirical. Again this is my way, you do what works for you.
Well put
@Jan-ny6sl life and it's decisions, choices and beliefs can't be determined from empirical data and certainly not alone.
1) anchor effect
2) halo effect
3) mere-exposure effect
4) confirmation bias
5) bias blind spot
6) selective perception bias
@@kittywalker2944 thanks, i didn't notice that one. Do you have the time stamp?
7. Living worth bias.
Sorry, your bias-explanation has a bias towards being able to realize biases, and understand that you're affected by these biases, hence circling back to being biased. So, I don't trust you. Or myself?
Overthinking is real
Go for a walk in the woods, and remember: you are not your thoughts; you are the person having the thoughts.
7:30
I agree. I'm beginning to think the producers of this video are trying to see how many people will catch that it is actually a cyclical argument. But to your other point, I trust myself more than the speaker in this video thinks I should.
@@SilkCityIndependentdetachment is real it has the clarity
I read both your books: The Art of Living a Meaningless Existence and The Art of Living an Absurd Existence. I have never in my entire life read anything that I have been able to resonate with as much as these books. I suffer from childhood sexual trauma with abusive parents and it has affected my sense of meaning and purpose in life so greatly to where I could not find any for many years of my life. I am now in my late 20s, and I have found solace in your essays and philosophy through your books, and it has drastically changed my perspective and interpretation of things. I am now able to experience my existence with less pain, more wonder, and gratitude than I have ever been able to. I wanted to write this post to say thank you for the work you put into your passion, I am now able to heal from these tremendous wounds that have been afflicted on me from such a young age. From my perspective, you are doing incredible work for people that really need it. 🙏
i dont know if he read this, but i did and i'm happy it's made some difference for you. you have a lot to work with so it likely won't be easy for you. i know it probably sounds trite by this point (but i myself have struggled with the tedium and frustration of this existence) you might consider learning about buddhism, specifically 'zen' buddhism or 'cha'n' buddhism (the chinese progenitor of zen).
they say a lot about the nature of existence and minimizing pain and struggle but there are concrete exercises that you can learn, think about and practice that can offer real long-term perspective... which can pull us out of our myopic view of what happens in our daily lives and give us long term focus.
since we may never speak again I'd recommend a book called 'zen flesh zen bones' by paul reps that is a translation of some zen texts. if you take the book wholly and slowly perhaps a day and an exercise/koan at a time, it may change your life completely - it truly did mine. but you have to look deeeep into the metaphors, they aren't saying what they seem to be on the surface. if you read one and think you get it immediately, you've obviously left something unexamined.
at any rate, i wish you well on your journey. i want it to be light and learned and full of joy. good luck brother.
"A more aware passenger."
I like that.
Please make a video about your team so we can honor them.
Thanks for all the videos over the years
The stoics say what stands in the way becomes the way. Camus says things are meaningless. Absurdity is something to revolt against. Acceptance is the key to serenity today. Live in the moment.
Biases are the mental shortcut. Our brain uses to deal with the complexity of different situations.
But there is not only the thing that they are bad. But they can be beneficial too if you think about it.
it is a habit formed in your subconscious
they are all bad in the long run
How bad they are is debatable. For individuals, they can be bad, but biases towards the familiar can be beneficial.
In each one of these cases, I can concoct a situation in which the delusion is good and another in which it's bad. If you want a yardstick for evaluating when it's bad, ask yourself and/or someone you trust. You can't see it, they may, and you should definitely leave if they're not sure.
Inversely, these biases can also save us from rejecting people we love and who love is. We should give some leeway to those we care about, but it shouldn't be absolute.
If somebody can't give you the same kindness you give them, you're not compatible, and one way or another, you should make sure you're not together. If you have some conscience and broadly demand more of someone else than you're willing to give you shouldn't be in that relationship, for their sake first and also for yourself, because that's a deep pool of loathing to wallow in.
Exactly!!
@@talideon I do not agree, some people struggle with relationships due to mental health issues, I experience this first hand due to mine own, I don't agree that it is ok to leave somebody just because they can't give love at that moment, as for people like me, it takes time to learn things like that, as many people love and are loved differently, making it difficult for people like me, and others that aren't, so yes you can leave a person if they aren't loving you at all, but have patience because maybe they just don't know how to love you specifically.
Every once in a while, you realize some shit is going wrong but not exactly what is going wrong
Every day
Right, human desire to classify and name things, real or imaginary. Just live your life however you want, there is no right way to do it. Enjoy it while you can.
There are most certainly right and wrong ways to do nearly anything. The key is to identify at least the BASICS of any given task *prior* to delving into it. Ethics are clearly important. Studying the foundations of X, Y, or Z are as well. And obviously, we don't steal, keel people, tromp all over them, exploit them, nor do we lie. WE *CAN*, YES. But we shouldn't. Unfortunately, if you want to become wealthy, powerful, and influential, you will need to ignore those last three sentences. ;) No exceptions.
This is the "Peter Pan" cognitive bias. It's all fun and games playing indians and pirates until you realize there's more to the real world than that 😂
Yes, this is so. When I'm asked what my favourite food, piece of music, book etc. is, I always say it changes all the time.
@@Novastar.SaberCombat Quote: There are most certainly right and wrong ways to do nearly anything. End Quote. And who determines that, I wonder...
Your biased just right there!😂
Your videos had helped me in my dark phase of my life. Currently, not so good happening but still i have recovered from where i was. Lots of love❤. Thank you 👍🏻😊
Keep going
@@thec0untess I will, thank you 🩷
The way the video uses a storyline and uses transitions so seamlessly with the help if the storyline, this is awesome, good job on the writing and editing. I can see you guys put a lot of thought into this!!
I truly cherish your channel and your books. Thanks for spreading great thoughts.
Dude every video of yours I watch gets me to reflect more and more in myself, for real. Keep it up with the good work and thank you
This video is awesome! I knew it was going to be great because it's from my favorite channel and now I can't stop talking about it to everyone. Plus, I'm pretty sure I understood everything perfectly on the first watch.
I guess the halo effect is why I let the girl I wanted to be with treat me poorly, lead me on, and ultimately break my heart. I didn't see how things really were because it wasn't how I wanted it to be. I chased her for almost 5 years but last November I told her to not call or text me anymore and am proud of myself for finally putting an end to it. We all deserve to be treated and loved the way we want to be.
"If someone keeps making you feel like they don't give a shit about you, then they probably don't"
Did she lead you on or were you projecting a relationship and hoping for it that you knew she had no intention of having with you...... because there are two sides to every coin and I have thought that people were my friend only to discover that they were putting up a false pretense and pretending to be my friend with the hope that someday they could get in my pants, guess what I now will not even speak to men who I don't consider fornicating with because I don't like being vilified for doing nothing wrong I don't like being told that I've led someone on when in no way shape or form have I communicated that I had any sexual interest in them.
You lying being creepy and sipping is not the halo effect it's you living in delusion.
I have experienced the halo effect with men I was actively romantically engaged with, I put up with the worst treatment ever from a guy who seems like all of his Ducks were in a row and he was a high-value man he wasn't studly or Chad like but he was pleasant, I let that man get away with murder because he already came with the image of hey I'm pretty perfect,,, nonsense is over all I can do is think back to one of my boyfriends who stalks were not in a row who treated me like gold whenever he was paying enough attention but because of his lifestyle and the pieces of trash he hung out with,, anyways I had zero patience with that man and if he had to pull the fraction of what my most recent text did I would have been out in record time
So he experienced the halo effect with his abusive girlfriend, then semi-consciously felt compelled to start seeing Margaret using the confirmation bias..
In the end his brain was indeed protecting him and helping him survive 🤔 While it may have been arguably cowardly, these biases potentially helped him to become a happier guy.
We are in denial about being in denial. Our own brains manipulate our own brains. Relationships are two insecure individuals that use and tolerate each other for their own selfish needs and wants all for the fear of being alone. They are all toxic on some level and narcissistically controlled by one. This is not love and this is no way to live but most and many do out of fear. All relationships are full of lies, deceit and manipulative manipulation due to hate which comes from fear. Everything we do is out of fear. If everyone truly knew what everyone was thinking then no one would have any friends and relationships would not be a thing. Trust no one
i hope someone comes through and teaches you more about love
@@CrazyGamer1541 Lol, been there already but Thanku. Being naive was never my thing
Nice work. Bias is a topic that runs deeper than almost anyone is able to understand. Thank you!
I noticed the "halo effect" but didn't know it had a name nor could articulately express it in my language. i always had very pretty maths teachers (it happend a few times) but one thing that i realize was that they were mean and not super nice. As for the anchoring one i knew about it too when comparing prices of goods. Some places always give a discount with the original price shown as much higher to convince us that this really is a nice deal.
ive had a rough week i cannot describe the help this channel provides to me in understanding myself and somewhat of others.
I love this video!! You did such an excellent job on presenting these effects.
Cant wait to get your new book, bought your previous ones and loved them
Fascinating exploration! Understanding the anchoring, halo, and mere exposure effects not only enhances self-awareness but can dramatically improve how we navigate complex situations in both personal and professional realms. 🧠
"Discipline. Consistency. Deadlines. Creativity. Reflection. Repeat." --an award-winning author
Study hard. Do your work. Get educated, trustworthy opinions about stuff. Make the best decisions you can. That's all you can do. YOU CANNOT POSSIBLY KNOW EVERYTHING ABOUT EVERYTHING, but that doesn't mean you need to trust the first sign of information about something. Do the research, double-check things, and use logic! It's actually not that hard, but it does require efforts. You can't go on auto-pilot.
Love, best wishes and a big thank you for sharing these insights , all the way from KASHMIR
Love your videos. Always good to be reminded of our own biases and how easily we can all be deceived. I do live a pointless meaningless existence, but I am sure many others out there also feel this way. I mean there is No real purpose or reason for any of us to be here. We just are and life is all about surviving until you die and it's expensive to live in this world. But we are here and we must keeping doing what we can to survive while trying to find some meaning to all this when in reality there really is none.
🧡your content, just bought your book. Cheers!
Always such thought-provoking an awesome videos I love that I found your channel thank you so much always
Damn the transition is so smooth!!! I didn't even realise that it's already a different list every time 😂 Awesome video dude
Biases are inherent, subconscious filters in our perception of the world, we all have them. But with conscious effort we can catch us in the act, and maybe alter our desicions.
And this is precisely why our environment and how we treat ourselves and others is of the utmost importance for our species.
Great job, very concise summary of useful details.
This is a super important topic.
Please do a reading of your book. If you did I’d pay for it. Your voice is unique and is part of the reason why I absorb your content. Thanks and keep up the great work.
Mere exposure effect
@@Diamondragan didn’t know about this one, thanks.
More amazing information thank you
Thankyou I really enjoyed hearing about our conceptual bias of reality.
I suppose its easy like a comfortable couch we dont want to leave.
This was a fantastic video. I think EVERYONE needs to watch this. Especially now
Great story tell. Hats off🎩
There is no 65 on a roulette wheel?
Yes. Good point
Found the gambler
They used a Roulette wheel for their own experiment. It does not mean it was the game of casino roulette. Maybe it was all multiples of 5. It could've been random numbers or maybe just 10 & 5. Ok. I think I'll watch porn now. Bye
Russian Roulette
Great video!
As always, top drawer!
The subject aside, I need to applaud the work put into all your videos' graphics. Maybe it's just my bias, but editing videos is a LOT of work, and finding all those snippets can't be easy. Cheers.
just bought the new book, thank you
This is so true. I have always thought that my mind makes excuses for something sometimes such good excuses i dont reconsider and reflect
thx for giving a name to that effect - i´ve seen that a lot the last 5 years
I have your guided journal and I really enjoy writing in it.
The prompt about imagining if you had no legs or no arms right at the beginning was pretty intense tho lol
I’m never asking Reddit to confirm my bias again
using google is confirmation bias if u dont provide all the information about your specific situation when it comes to relationships
@@manphan6689everything is bias including your comment. Me saying that is a bias. Two people in conversation will always be in a bias state until one subject matches.
Whats your point? Whats any point? Please, show your bias towards me
Thank you!!🙏
Thanks for the advices of being more aware of the blind spot : )
Great video.
I've recognized the first in myself many times, where I try to take on information from all sides of an issue and almost always feel myself leaning towards either my original assessment if it was made long ago or I will lean towards the most recent argument if I'm new to an issue completely. It's incredibly frustrating knowing that past me is just as capable of being wrong as present and future me and I always have to be cognizant of that or risk getting lost in a sea of hormones and hurt feelings, my own or other's.
great video!
You did it again
Thanks Robert
His book is great. Wonderful read
Awesome video
It is worth to learn lucid dreaming as well, that is the part of us as well. And it leads to better self understanding that your unconscious may be telling you, face and bear your fears and phoias. So powerful. Did it myself, it's been a long time since I had a lucid dream, still working to have another one, but can tell one thing, for those who never experienced it, it's pretty much life of thought changing experience. Worth to try.
7:07 thought it was going to talk about the Dunning-Kruger effect. 😂 was able to guess the mere exposure and halo effect though
Awesome as always, I absolutely love your channel, have subbed for years and I’ve never been disappointed! Thank you so much for sharing your time and effort with us, it’s wholesome, honest, philosophical, & eye opening, I hope we will have you for years to come…and thanks for the brain food & therapy I find here lol🫶🏻✌🏻
I love how you use those figures in the halo effect
Finally!
Thank you.... So very much.
Good stuff! 👍
This is brilliant 👌
"BEING AWARE BEYOND IT'S OWN THINKING, EMOTIONS,CHOICES, EVALUATION IS THE HARDEST THING HUMAN CAN DO RATHER HUMAN CHOOSES TO BE UNCONSCIOUS, LIVE IN THAT SAME PATTERS MOVING FORWARD TO FEEL SOMETHING."
I love this channel.
4:33 acc to psychology.. liking someone in general isn't psychological but getting psychologically biased is only psychology.. nowadays on social media psychology has become something diff than the study/talk of mental phenomenons and changes.. just like a diff subject which being unironically anotherworldly.. biases are mental phenomenon too affected by your perception and by the world around you.. this social media is pretty much of a psychological trick to biased to make us believe that this information is what we need.. and we end up taking up more useless info stored in our minds than we ever needed in our life or career and waste our precious time.
now off you go!!!😤
I discovered one day that i had been making assumptions without realizing I had made them. Things that i "knew" complete with details but they were there without my ever having placed them in my mind. The ground crumbled beneath my feet and I haven't been the same since.
But,
Does it just seem this way?
I can't be sure.
When i build a conclusion, how am i supposed to know that I haven't quickly skipped over some assumptions?
I know that I probably do.
It's terrifying.
Self delusion works because we don't know that it's taking place.
No matter how careful we are.
Wonderful video! I would add one, the Dunning-Kruger effect, as it seems prevalent.
Not the same
Dunder mifflin effect?
I love this.
I would love you to do a more focused video on cognitive bias in science and engineering fields where things need experimental proof rather than just ppls thoughts. It no doubt happens still as has been evidenced many times but the need for evidence perhaps makes it a subtler topic?
Mere-Exposure Effect is *very* difficult for me to discern because I'm autistic. I tend to have a narrow range of tastes/sounds/visuals/etc that I like (or can even put up with some days) and it isn't always apparent whether I have self-selected those things I already like or if I've grown to like them because that is what is always around/available.
Really enjoyed this. However, on Amazon, the usually discounted used books section is filled with higher priced offerings on his other books. While this book is one cent less in used-acceptable condition. Talk about absurd existences!
Plot twist:
The narrator has a coworker named Margaret and is talking about himself without realising it
He realizes it. He's trying to create a bias I. The viewer by using people in his life to see if you will fall for his bias, like a snake eating it's tale. It doesn't add up. For instance, why is there only the picture of the woman in the middle and not the two other researchers who he claims studied this concept! It's a ruse.
Did he put this video out on April 1st?
Robert- when will you make an audio your new book and “The Art of Living a Meaningless Existence”?
I wish there was something outside of ourselves that could bypass human bias, correct itself if followed, and lead to better outcomes for humanity....oh wait, it's the scientific method of thinking!
Will your book be available on Apple Books? I have 3 of yours on apple and hate to move platforms. Thanks
Nice transition into the halo effect
Mere exposure effect could explain family group bias.
This video makes me think of "no free will."
I would have added a little more to the top of the bridge and the tip.......just for a little more projection and to completely smooth the bump
so am I experiencing confirmation bias right now? This video supports most of my beliefs about society, human nature and biases...
I (secretely) think that people who believe otherwise are wrong (because of religion, lack of knowledge, ignorance,...) but at the same time I'm aware that these biases exist, I'm certainly not immune to them and I know of several occasions where I fell for one of them...
There is no 65 number on a roulette wheel ? But got the idea of anchoring effect. Thanks
That thumbnails goes hard.
I'm so curious about the writer/(s) of these. Their personality and what they look like ❤
again a mind blowing video(pun included)
is your new book available as an audiobook ?
I have the mere-exposure effect to this channel. 😂 I’ve been watching their videos for years.
my culture has stories about the trixster, these stories are about these mind traps. We have stories about how we trick ourselves and ones about how others trick us.
Here are some novel ideas, equations, and algorithms that advocate for the primacy of zero (0) and dimensionlessness (0D) over non-zero numbers (1, 2, 3 and 4, etc.) and non-zero dimensions (1D, 2D, 3D and 4D, etc.) while striving for non-contradiction:
1. The Zero-Point Field: In quantum field theory, the zero-point field is the lowest possible energy state of a quantum system. It suggests that even in the absence of matter or energy, there is still a fundamental, irreducible ground state that underlies all physical phenomena. This idea highlights the primacy of the zero-point as the foundation for all non-zero energy states.
2. Null Basis Vectors: In linear algebra, the null space of a matrix is the set of all vectors that yield zero when the matrix is applied to them. By focusing on the null space and null basis vectors, we can uncover fundamental properties of a linear system that are independent of its non-zero components. This approach emphasizes the importance of the zero vector in understanding the underlying structure of a matrix.
3. Infinitesimal Calculus: In non-standard analysis, infinitesimals are numbers that are smaller than any positive real number but greater than zero. By using infinitesimals, we can develop a calculus that is not based on limits or the concept of zero as a single point, but rather as a hyperreal number that is infinitely close to zero. This approach avoids some of the contradictions and paradoxes that arise in standard calculus, such as division by zero or the nature of infinitesimals.
4. Dimensionless Physical Constants: In physics, there are several dimensionless constants, such as the fine-structure constant (α ≈ 1/137) or the proton-to-electron mass ratio (μ ≈ 1836), that are independent of the choice of units. These constants highlight the fundamental relationships between physical quantities that are not dependent on arbitrary dimensional scales. By focusing on dimensionless constants, we can uncover the intrinsic properties of physical systems that are not contingent upon non-zero dimensions.
5. Topological Invariants: In topology, invariants are properties of a topological space that remain unchanged under continuous deformations or transformations. Many topological invariants, such as the Euler characteristic or the Betti numbers, are defined in terms of the connectivity and holes of a space, rather than its specific geometry or dimensions. By emphasizing topological invariants, we can capture the essential features of a space that are independent of its non-zero dimensional structure.
6. Information Entropy: In information theory, entropy is a measure of the uncertainty or randomness in a system. The concept of zero entropy corresponds to a state of perfect order or predictability, while non-zero entropy indicates the presence of disorder or information content. By focusing on the zero entropy state as a fundamental reference point, we can develop a theory of information that is grounded in the absence of disorder, rather than its presence.
7. Fourier Transform at Zero Frequency: In signal processing, the Fourier transform is used to decompose a signal into its frequency components. The value of the Fourier transform at zero frequency corresponds to the average or DC component of the signal, which represents its overall offset or baseline. By emphasizing the zero-frequency component, we can capture the fundamental level or background of a signal, independent of its non-zero frequency variations.
These are just a few examples of how the concepts of zero and dimensionlessness can be emphasized and utilized in various fields of mathematics, physics, and information theory. By focusing on the primacy of zero and the intrinsic properties that are independent of non-zero numbers or dimensions, we can develop novel and non-contradictory frameworks that capture the essential features of complex systems and phenomena.
Funny because if I had spun that roulette wheel and been asked that question... I said play what it said I have no idea.. that's funny that people think they have an answer to something that they don't know about
Where are the references for the experiments / studies / research quoted in this video i.e. for the roulette experiment ? Any sources available for peer review ?
Let's Find out.