Greek War of Independence: Egyptians Attack - Early Modern DOCUMENTARY
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 21 июл 2024
- @MANSCAPED is the perfect gift for Father's Day! Get 20% OFF + Free International Shipping with my link manscaped.com/kings #sponsored #fathersday
Kings and Generals historical animated documentary series on the early modern history, as well as the history Greece and the Ottoman Empire continues with the second episode in our story of the Greek War of Independence, which gave Greece its new era of independence. In the first video ( • Greek War of Independe... ) we talked about the reasons this revolt has occurred and what the life in the Ottoman Empire was like for the Greeks. This second episode will talk about a number of battles, including Peta and Karpenisi, how these battles led to the internal strife among the Greeks and forced the Ottomans to send an armada from Egypt to attack the rebels. All that put the revolution into peril.
Rise of Bulgaria - Battle of Tryavna 1190 - • Rise of Bulgaria - Eve...
Sack of Constantinople 1204 - • Sack of Constantinople...
What Was Lost in the Sack of Constantinople - • What Was Lost in the S...
Varangians - Elite Bodyguards of the Byzantine Emperors - • Varangians - Elite Bod...
Adrianople 1205 - • Battle of Adrianople 1...
Siege of Damascus 634 - Arab - Byzantine Wars - • Siege of Damascus 634 ...
Byzantine Empire Strikes Back - Battle of Nikiou 646 - • Byzantine Empire Strik...
Siege of Constantinople 717-718 - Arab-Byzantine Wars - • Siege of Constantinopl...
Pliska 811 - Byzantine - Bulgarian Wars - Pliska 811 - Byzantine - Bulgarian Wars
Versinikia 813 - Byzantine - Bulgarian Wars - • Versinikia 813 - Byzan...
Third Crusade 1189-1192: From Hattin to Jaffa - • Third Crusade 1189-119...
Basil II - Reformer, Restorer, Bulgarslayer - • Basil II - Reformer, R...
Creation of the Medieval Roman Army - • Creation of the Mediev...
Strategikon - Army Manual of the Eastern Roman Empire - • Strategikon - Army Man...
Elite and Levy Units of the Eastern Roman Army - • Elite and Levy Units o...
Medieval Battles - • Early Muslim Expansion...
Support us on Patreon: / kingsandgenerals or Paypal: paypal.me/kingsandgenerals or by joining the youtube membership: / @kingsandgenerals We are grateful to our patrons and sponsors, who made this video possible: docs.google.com/document/d/1o...
The video was made by Lito Areta, while the script was researched and written by Leo Stone
This video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & / @gameworldnarratives )
✔ Merch store ► teespring.com/stores/kingsand...
✔ Patreon ► / kingsandgenerals
✔ Podcast ► www.kingsandgenerals.net/podcast/
✔ PayPal ► paypal.me/kingsandgenerals
✔ Twitter ► / kingsgenerals
✔ Facebook ► / kingsgenerals
✔ Instagram ► / kings_generals
Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: www.epidemicsound.com
#Documentary #GreekWarOfIndependence #Ottoman
@MANSCAPED is the perfect gift for Father's Day! Get 20% OFF + Free International Shipping with my link manscaped.com/kings #sponsored #fathersday
Since you did that can you make videos about the first and second Egyptian ottoman wars, which happened as consequences of the Greek war since the ottoman empire promised Egypt of giving them the Syria province if they helped them in the Greek independence war, but the ottomans didn't keep their promise.
Which map editor software you use ?
East-West Divan: In Memory of Werner Mark Linz
A number of authors have mentioned the origins of the Mohamed Ali dynasty: Prince Mohamed Ali Tewfik in one of his many books, Emine Tugay in Three Centuries (although the dynasty ruled for roughly two centuries she goes back further to the family's early origins), and Nevine Yousry in Kismet. They all refer to the family as having originated in a village in Eastern Turkey called Ilic. In one of his many letters to his son Ibrahim Pasha, Mohamed Ali refers to Izzet Pasha, the Ottoman Admiral of the Fleet who defected to Mohamed Ali, as someone from our region'; Izzet Pasha was born in the district which includes the village of Ilic. King Farouk commissioned a historical research team and asked them to document the family origins, but they failed. Their main problem was that all the local documents were housed in Erzincan (the capital of Erzincan Province) and the town was destroyed by a very powerful earthquake in 1939. The local record office collapsed and caught fire; nothing could be rescued.
Recently, the author and his family went on a pilgrimage to that mythical village, fully expecting to find a dull little place, but the opposite was the true. We found a dynamic and expanding little town set in a dramatically beautiful mountain range. We expect that Mohamed Ali's ancestors left llic roughly one hundred years before his birth. In those days, life up on those mountains must have been harsh, particularly during the winter months. Such an environment must have bred tough and determined sons; traits that were certainly visible in Mohamed Ali himself.
It is sometimes pointed out that Ilic today has a mixed population of Turks and Kurds, and that Mohamed Ali's ancestors might have been Kurds. However, the great Kurdish migration to that region did not occur until the late 18th century, as a result of raging wars, by which time the great man's ancestors had already left. In their day the population was either Armenian or Turkish; the former being the original inhabitants and the latter arriving with the Seljuk invasion. Mohamed Ali's family were, therefore, Turks with strong links to Armenians. Mohamed Ali maintained this link when he became Pasha of Egypt. surrounding himself with several Armenian advisors. This was unprecedented
among Ottoman Pashas. The family tradition also mentions that the people who left llic were horse traders. Armenians were mostly merchants and needed horses, mules and other pack animals to carry out their trade: therein probably lies the origins of their cooperation. The llic ancestors headed with their animals to Konya, that great trading centre and caravanserai. In those days Konya was the starting point of the Silk Road. Caravans went to Samarkand, Bukhara and beyond, all the way to China. The new arrivals from Ilic were probably quite astute and soon became merchants in their own right.
In one of his letters, Ibrahim Pasha appears to refer to a blood feud being the reason for their departure from Konya. This might have been one of the reasons, but the author suspects that competition was fierce in Konya and they probably sought to broaden their trade. Many years later the family imported many workers for the tobacco trade in Kavala. The members of this workforce were commonly referred to as 'Konyalis'. This suggests that the family maintained ties with that city; it is not uncommon for merchant families to leave members of the family to man various trading posts, thus facilitating the movement of goods from one to the other.
Whatever the reason, the family moved on from Konya to Edirne (Andrinople in French or Andrinopolis in Greek), which was the main trading centre with Europe. Edirne had been an Ottoman capital city before the fall of Constantinople. Various Sultans remained very attached to Edirne and preferred to reside there, although the capital had since become Istanbul. In spite of the terrible damage which occurred during the Balkan wars, the city remains. extremely attractive today and is endowed with magnificent monuments. The family prospered in what was then a vibrant and bustling city, and eventually it bought most of the best tobacco-growing land in Kavala.
To this day, Kavala, which is now in northern Greece, grows the best quality Turkish-type tobacco anywhere in the world. The fact that the family's main activity was trade with Europe meant that they were fully aware of the tremendous technical advances beyond their borders. This also explains why Mohamed Ali turned immediately to Europeans in order to resolve the problems he was confronted with in Egypt.
Mohamed Ali's great-grandfather, Ibrahim Aga, was the first to move to Kavala. As with most large trading families, it is very likely that the relatively less well-off members were sent to look after newly acquired properties. He, on the other hand, sought and got the Ottoman position of Yol Agsi. This meant that he was in charge of maintaining the roads at his own expense, as well as a small band of armed men to ward off bandits; it also meant that he was permitted to levy tolls on the viaduct leading to the town as well as the bridges. The family had set foot on the first rung of the Ottoman hierarchical ladder. They continued to prosper as Mohamed Ali's uncle, Toussoun Mehmet Aga (his father's brother), became Mukhtar of Kavala, or 'mayor' in approximate English. Mohamed Ali's father, also named Ibrahim, died while Mohamed Ali was young (it is not clear what his age was) and he was brought up by his uncle the Mukhtar, although the latter in reality probably had little to do with his nephew's upbringing.
Zeyneb Hatun, Mohamed Ali's mother, was from a small town north of Kavala called Nusret. She was a Muslim and the daughter of a local landowner. This suggests that she might have been an ethnic Albanian, this ethnicity being predominant among most of the Muslim population in this part of the Balkans. As already noted, Mohamed Ali's father died when he was young; it is likely that he was raised by his mother, largely with the help of her family. The result was that he spoke fluent Albanian; later on in his life this allowed him to declare to his Albanian troops that he was one of them. He could even claim anotherMuhammed Ali Pasha did not libareted Egyptians from Turkish rule
In his kingdom, Turks were sole elite of state and local egyptians were subject of Turks
village of origin, other than Ilic; this was Zamlak, which is in Albania. A regiment from Zamlak was stationed at an island on the Nile opposite to Mohamed Ali's Shoubra Palace. Today this island is considered to be one of Cairo's more desirable districts; it is called Zamalek.
Even though he was not of paternal Albanian descent as such, he was clearly very comfortable among them. In fact, his mother, the formidable Zeyneb Hatun, found him a very suitable wife. She was Emine, the daughter of Hadji Hussein Aga, a Corbacibasi or 'Colonel' (approximately) of the Janissaries. Her father had retired, bought land and married locally, probably to another lady of Albanian origin. Janissaries were mostly of European origin, Serbian, Romanian, etc. They were uprooted from their native culture, however, when they were taken into service. Nevertheless, Mohamed Ali was almost certainly reintegrated through his wife's family and became part of their community.
In 1791 Hadji Hussein Aga was appointed the Mutesellim (deputy lieutenant governor and local collector of taxes and tithes) i.e., the local representative of the Governor of Salonica, the province to which Kavala belonged. It is almost certain that it was his Corbacibasi father-in-law who found Mohamed Ali his commission in the Ottoman navy, probably attached to the Kavala harbour. When the time for the Egyptian expedition came, they chose another retired and senior Albanian officer to command the force, Abubekir Bey, who was later murdered in the streets of Cairo. This gives another illustration of the many aspects of Mohamed Ali's complex personality.
Mohamed Ali, as we have noted, spoke Turkish and Albanian fluently,
however, he also spoke Greek and Italian; languages which Ottomans sailors
found useful to know. We can speculate that he had a good knowledge of the
Quran which endeared him to the Sheikhs and the Ulema of Cairo, this suggests that he knew classical Arabic although he could not at first speak the local language. Mohamed Ali's fondness for Europeans appears to have started early in his life. He is reported to have worked as a young man for a French tobacco merchant in Kavala named François Lion who was from Marseille. Mohamed Ali seems to have had fond memories of his first employer, for he invited him to
Egypt once he had become Pasha. The poor man died, however, as he was
setting off on his trip. Mohamed Ali described himself as illiterate in conversation with several people. What he almost certainly meant by this was that he had no knowledge of the colourful and rich Ottoman-court language, therefore, aged 40, he decided to take lessons and learn it. He could not have been illiterate in the literal sense, this would have precluded him from becoming an Ottoman naval officer. Indeed, he was quite a linguist and obviously a bright and gifted young man, even before he left his native Kavala.
Finally, having lost his own son in the campaign, and failed to raise the men required for his new army, Muhammad 'AH realized that the Sudan campaign had been a complete failure.
When he was informed that a large number of Turkish-speaking officers were about to desert the campaign and return en masse to Egypt he wrote to the governor of one of the Sa'idi provinces: "Since the Turks are members of our race and since they must be spared the trouble of being sent to remote and dangerous areas, it has become necessary to conscript around 4,000 men from Upper Egypt [to replace them]."
Fahmy, K. (1998). The era of Muhammad ’Ali Pasha, 1805-1848. In M. Daly (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Egypt (The Cambridge History of Egypt, pp. 154). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
“Since the Turks are members of our race” doesn’t sound very Albanian or Egyptian (Islamized Coptic) to me
Serbian war for neutrality is great and bloody. Hajduk Veljko Petrović is biggest hero on earth.
Greece lost almost 40% of its pre-war population during the Hellenic Revolution period. It's beyond human logic how we survived this as a nation.
@@ericjohnson7234 Nah, just some super rich ship owners stubborn enough to escape Ottoman rule. They are still around today and thriving and that has nothing to do with common Greeks.
Because Greece was used by the west(British empire) to destroy the number one global super power and Islam which the ottomans represented. It’s the reason why everyone thinks “Greeks” created Byzantine empire and are so romanticized in the media while Albanians are portrayed negatively because we were the ottomans number one allies.
@@Katunar_shqiptar It seems that history is not your strong point. Try harder...Back then ALL western powers were initially against Greek revolution. British hanged sympathisers among local population on the Ionian. It took 5 bitter years to change the tide.
@@nikpist1030 sureeeeeee. “The Greek cause, however, was saved by the intervention of the European powers. Favouring the formation of an autonomous Greek state, they offered to mediate between the Turks and the Greeks (1826 and 1827). When the Turks refused, Great Britain, France, and Russia sent their naval fleets to Navarino, where, on October 20, 1827, they destroyed the Egyptian fleet. Although this severely crippled the Ottoman forces, the war continued, complicated by the Russo-Turkish War (1828-29). A Greco-Turkish settlement was finally determined by the European powers at a conference in London; they adopted a London protocol (February 3, 1830), declaring Greece an independent monarchical state under their protection. “ yeaaaaaaaaaaa
@@Katunar_shqiptar It took 5 bitter years to change the tide : 1821 - 1826. you want me to write it for a third time? Hope no, time is precious.
It was nostalgic to see cities such as Thebes, Corinth and of course Athens, once so famous in antiquity mentioned again in the modern times
Thebes and Corinth never returned to their former glory, now days are almost village like suburbs of Athens
...Megara are very important from archeological point of view - they constantly find new things..
Chalkis is modern day Chalkida a very 19th century town built upon the ruins of the ancient ones with the same streets ect 😉
Is 1824 ‘modern?’
@@Quincy_Morris For Grece? Yes.
When the Ottomans razed Thebes, I wonder how Alexander the Great watching from the afterlife would've felt.
@@florinvoinea5203 good point
If I'm gonna be honest, this probably the first time in my life I learned a part of Greek History that is not during the heyday of the old Greek civilization and the Greek Empire. Everytime I read or watch about Greece it was always about the Empire or the ancient Greek civilizations. Thank you for shedding light into this relatively unknown part of Greek history
@@BOZ_11 yeah i figured that too. Kinda sad tbh
History of Greece only begin from 1821 A.D. onwards. This is what you call the real Greek, the rest of ancient greek stuff is a collection of fairytales.
@@supermavro6072 δεν μου απάντησες ακόμη" συνελληνα " μιλάς ελληνικά ; Πώς πάει ο πληθωρισμός; Τα την βγάλεις και φέτος με τρουσι;;; 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
@@BOZ_11 who said that???? The fact that you might being ignorant on personal level doesn't means that there is some conspiracy going around, it just means that you didn't paying attention in classroom.
Modern history is well known to Greece and aboard you just need to open a book instead of making childish hate comments
@@BOZ_11 indeed. History is still history
انا مصري مشتراك في هذهي القناة الرائعة حقن لقد ادهشة بحديثك عن حرب الموره إلقاء أكثر من رائع ومعلومات قيمة بمونتها الحيديه تحياتي لك 🇪🇬🇬🇷
Kolokotronis is one of the greatest and most underestimated military men of the 19th century, a borderline genius ; he was awfully treated by the greek state, since the politicians wanted to show themselves as the saviors of the nation. The Greek war of Independence is a truly complicated story.
@@Universal.. for the 1000000th time. As an Arvanite I am telling you! Arvanites were bilingual Greeks like many Greek tribes who lived in different regions of the Ottomam empire. Arvanites never fought for Albania or Ottoman Turks! To call them Albanian is absurd! Take it easy at Albanian troll farms once in a while…. We are fine in Greece and keep good track of history and our tribes. If you coming from Albania think you can revise history think again, Albania was a secluded former communist country, isolated from the world before the 90s & endless civil wars . You can’t possibly think you know more about Arvanites or Greeks than Greeks themselves. Give it a rest or you will keep getting responses. Stop trying to spread alternative facts here. It is getting tiresome.
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@sakisgr1396 First of all I open a parenthesis about the name of Albania or Albanians quoted by Strabo (around 58-21/25) in the 1st century BC and Claudius Ptolemy (around 100 - 170 AD) in the 2nd century AD.
It derives from the name of an Illyrian tribe, the Albanoi, which was located around the city of Albanopolis (now Zgërdhesh located in the region of Krujë).
Moreover, even today, a region of Albania, from the north of Tirana (between the rivers Mat and Erzen), is called Albëni (gheg dialect) or Arbëri (tosk dialect).
But this name Albanoi with its various variants (Arbanites, Arvanites, Arvanitis, Arvanos, Arban, Arbani, Arbanon, Arnavuts, Arnauts, Arbëri, Arbër, Arbëni, Arbën, Albën, Albanois, or Albanians) really began to spread when the Albanian territories became a field of hostility and a buffer zone between Byzantines and the new Slavic invaders (Serbs, Croats etc.. ...) towards the beginning of the seventh century AD.
Several writers of the eleventh century, including Michel Attaliate and Jean Skyltzes, have recounted this kind of confrontation and widely spoken of these Albanian mountain tribes.
It is the Angevin chancelleries (Charles I of Anjou, brother of St Louis, proclaimed himself king of Albania in 1272) which, in the 13th century, conveyed the name of Albanian or Albanians, which spread rapidly, like wildfire, throughout Europe.
It should be noted that the Albanians never use this name (Albanian) to designate their own ethnic group: they call themselves Shqiptar, that is to say son or child of the eagle.
Source 📜 : Albanie: histoire du Moyen Age au XXe s, P.54, Mathieu AREF (Histoire et langue) ou l'incroyable Odyssée d'un peuple préhellénique.
@@sakisgr1396 While Arvanitika was commonly called Albanian in Greece until the 20th century, the desire of Arvanites to express their ethnic identification as Greeks led to the rejection of language identification with Albanian as well...
Source📜: a b GHM 1995
...In recent times, Arvanites had only very vague notions of how their language was or was not related to Albanian.
Source📜: Breu (1985: 424) and Tsitsipis (1983)
Since Arvanitika is almost exclusively a spoken language, Arvanites also have no practical affiliation with the standard Albanian language used in Albania, as they do not use this form in writing or in the media. The question of linguistic proximity or distance between Arvanitika and Albanian has come to the forefront especially since the early 1990s, when a large number of Albanian immigrants began to enter Greece and came into contact with the local Arvanite communities.
Source📜: Botsi (2003), Athanassopoulou (2005).
Since the 1980s, there have been organized efforts to preserve the cultural and linguistic heritage of the Arvanites. The largest organization promoting Arvanitika is the "Arvanitik League of Greece" (Αρβανίτικος σύλλογος Ελλάδος).
Source📜: Arvanitik League of Greece
Arvanite culture
Fara
Fara (Greek: φάρα, from Albanian fara "seed" source: Χριστοφορήδης, Κων. ΛΕΞΙΚΟΝ ΤΗΣ ΑΛΒΑΝΙΚΗΣ ΓΛΩΣΣΗΣ , p. 456. )
is a pattern of descent similar to the clans to the Malësia tribes of northern Albania. The Arvanites were organized into lighthouses (φάρες) mainly during the rule of the Ottoman Empire.
The apical ancestor was a warlord and the lighthouse was named after him. In an Arvanite village, each pharaoh was responsible for keeping genealogical records (see also civil registration offices), which are preserved to this day as historical documents in local libraries. There was usually more than one pharaoh in an Arvanite village and sometimes they were organized in phratries which had conflicts of interest. These phratries did not last long, because each pharaoh leader wanted to be the leader of the phratry and did not want to be ruled by another.
Source📜: See Biris (1960) and Kollias (1983).
Arbanon (Albanian: Arbër or Arbëria, Greek: Ἄρβανον, Árvanon; Latin: Arbanum) was a principality ruled by the native Progoni family, and the first Albanian 🇦🇱 state to emerge in recorded history.
Source 📜 : Elsie 2010, p. iv: "To the east and northeast of Venetian territory in Albania arose the first Albanian state recorded in historical documents under Prince Progon, Arbanon, which lasted from 1190 to 1216."
@@sakisgr1396 New facts about Kolokotronis and Marko Botsaris ethnicity,both of them were Arvanites (Albanian) . The name "Kolokotronis " is translation of his original surname (in Albanian or Arvanite dialect) "Bythguri",. Before surname "Bythguri" alias "Kolokotronis" ,they were named "Çergjini"
Source 📜 : Greek Documentary "1821".
Teodor Çergjini nicknamed "Bithëguri" (later translated and adopted into Greek by Kolokotroni) was an Albanian Orthodox (Arvanite) from Greece and the most emblematic leader of the Greek-Turkish wars of 1821.
He was an Arvanite (Albanian by blood) but influenced by Greek culture and the Greek Orthodox Church (from an Orthodox family)
He lived in a typical Arvanite (kleft) warlord lifestyle (caravan thieves), wore traditional Albanian Arvanite clothes.
Arvanite traditional clothes = Fustanella = Origins =
Fustanella is a traditional and warlike garment for men, worn by the Albanians, LATER by the Greeks and other Balkan nations (Influence).
Objects from the Illyrian (🇦🇱) period describing the dress have been found in Slovenia, Korça and in the district of Durrës.
In Albania, the fustanella was the official uniform of the royal guard and continues to be used by polyphonic groups, while in Greece, a shortened type of frock coat continues to be used by military ceremonial units such as the Evzones.
In Illyria, dresses of the fustanella nature are present since the 5th century BC. Thus in Maribor, Slovenia, an Illyrian (🇦🇱) sculpture with a dress was discovered.
Source 📜 : Fig 162 - Burrë me Fustanellë (gur i gjetur në Maribor të Sllovenis shek. V p.e.r)
Maxwell : “The foustanela, like the Scottish kilt or Lady Llanover’s Cambrian Costumes, provides ample material for authenticity-fabrication debates, not least because its origins apparently lie in Albania. During the Greek independence war, however, its Greek connotations became so powerful that foreign Philhellenes adopted it to show their sympathy for the Greek cause. Henry Bradfield, a surgeon who served in Greece, observed one English gentleman who tried to make a foustanela from a sheet. Philhellene enthusiasm for the foustanela survived knowledge of its Albanian origins; Philhellene William Whitcombe described the foustanela as a light Albanian kilt” in his 1828 memoirs.”
Source 📜 : pp. 170-171
St. Clair 1972, p. 232 📜 : “Gradually, more and more Greeks found ways of getting themselves on the Government’s pay roll. The money was never accounted for in detail. A captain would simply contract to provide a number of armed men and draw pay for that number. Again, the opportunities for embesslement were eagerly seized. Anyone who could muster any pretensions to a military status appreared in Nauplia demanding pay. It was probably at this time that the Albanian dress made its decisive step towards being regarded as the national dress of Greece. The Government party, being largely Albanians themselves, favoured the dress and a version of it was common among the Greek klephts and armatoli. Now it seemed that anyone who donned an Albanian dress could claim to be a soldier and share in the bonanza.” 📜 St. Clair, William (1972). That Greece Might Still be Free: The Philhellenes in the War of Independence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Skafidas p. 148 📜: “The modern fustanella appears in Greece worn by Albanians, and especially the Arvanites, as Greeks of Albanian ancestry were called, most of whom fought alongside the Greeks against the Turks in the long war of independence.” 📜Skafidas, Michael (2009). “Fabricating Greekness: From Fustanella to the Glossy Page”. In Paulicelli, Eugenia; Clark, Hazel. The Fabric of Cultures: Fashion, Identity, and Globalization. New York and Oxford: Taylor & Francis (Routledge). pp. 145-163.
Angelomatis-Tsougarakis 1990, 📜
p. 106: “On the other hand, Albanian dress was daily becoming more fashionable among the other nationalities. The fashion in the Morea was attributed to the influence of Ydra, an old Albanian colony, and to the other Albanian settlements in the Peloponesse. Ydra, however, could not have played a significant part in the development since its inhabitants did not wear the Albanian kilt but the clothes common to other islanders. In the rest of Greece it was the steadily rising power of Ali Pasha that made the Albanians a kind of ruling class to be imitated by others. The fact that the Albanians dress was lighter and more manageable than the dress the Greek upper classes used to wear also helped in spreading the fashion. It was not unusual even for the Turks to have their children dressed in Albanian costume, although it would have been demeaning for them to do so themselves.”
Welters, p. 59📜: “According to old travel books, the nineteenth-century traveler could readily identify Greek-Albanian peasants by their dress. The people and their garb, labeled as “Albanian”, were frequently described in contemporary written accounts or depicted in watercolours and engravings. The main components of dress associated with Greek-Albanian… men an outfit with a short full skirt known as the foustanella.”; p. 59-61📜. “Identifying the Greek-Albanian man by his clothing was more difficult after the Greek war of Independence, for the so-called “Albanian costume” became what has been identified as the “true” national dress on the mainland of Greece. In admiration for the heroic deeds of the Independence fighters, many of whom were Arvanites, a fancy version of the foustanella was adopted by diplomats and philihellenes for town wear.”; Welters, Lisa (1995). 📜“Ethnicity in Greek dress”. In Eicher, Joanne. Dress and ethnicity: Change across space and time. Oxford: Berg Publishers. pp. 53-77.
The Chios massacre is one of the most terrifying events in modern Greek history, however, it failed to drop the morale of the Greek revolutionaries, who continued their fight for freedom
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@Universal.. and we thank them, from wherever they may have come from! We thank them and praise them as heroes and call them "Greeks" not because we want to erase their past, but because we are so grateful for their bravery and sacrifice that we see them as family! :)
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
@@giorgioviras8266 I guess you start Greek propaganda.
@@supermavro6072 guess who can't speak Greek while pretending to be one
When I was a kid Kolokotronis used to be something like my favorite super hero. I used to reenact the battle of dervenakia with my toy soldiers all the time.
@@CaptainHarlock-kv4zt Tragic figure indeed
@@Eagle_data his just a bot 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
@@arvanites4318 it's just a bot copy pasting the same comment over 1000+ on this channel alone, you have to be a little bit dummy not to realise that you are talking to a program 🤣
@@Pavlos_Charalambous yes arvanites means albanian in greek . Arvanon is an albaian city . If arvanites are greeks then epirus is albanian it means that greeks imigrated from epirus 🤦♂️
Greeks: Let's start a civil war while fighting the ottomans...(Greek history in a nutshell)
Persians and Germans too
we nerf ourselves to be honest
Greeks only let greeks fight greeks
@@realtalunkarku not really
@@realtalunkarku Lmao I don’t have to give arguments. Every sane person who has an idea about Greek history, knows that Greeks have always been fighting each other. What about Ancient Greece? Didn’t the Ancient Greek states fight each other all the time? (A famous example: The Peloponnesian war, Athens VS Sparta. And many, many more). Throughout the Byzantine empire, Greeks were fighting Greek emperors in order to become Christian. Greeks were fighting Greeks throughout the Nikas riot and the issue with the icons. Also don’t forget the Byzantine civil wars (1321- 1454). In the Greek independence, Greeks were fighting Greeks in the First Greek civil war (1823) and the second Greek civil war (1824). Finally, we also had the Greek civil war, in 1946-1949. So yes, Greeks definitely didn’t have only 1 civil war, and Ancient Greece takes the number 1 medal when it comes to civil wars. Literally almond the half of wars ancient Greeks had, was just Greeks VS Greeks
Hey kings and generals as a Greek that follows your channel a long time I would like to thank you for referring to The Greek Revolution. Because it was such a crucial period for Greece and it has interesting history which people don't hear often.
If we get any more debt added on to us thanks traitorous politicians and backstabbing “Allie’s”, that revolutionary freedom will get reversed soon!
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@Universal.. As a Greek, I completly agree with you on that.
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
@@supermavro6072 as what??? You can't write a single phrase in Greek 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
We're not taught at schools about Egypt's role in the Greek War of Independence. In any case, the Greeks are our friends now and we are very much fond of them.
@@Universal.. do you get paid from doing this
We love you too!
Lots of love from Greece ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
@@dragooll2023 it's a bot 😉
@@Universal.. They called Albanians those who lived near the area called Albania or those who they believed that came from there. They didn't had dna tests back then 🤣 Albanians called themselfs Illyrians (a name came from Greeks to describe a broad group of people/cultures that lived near them). Illyrians don't exist anymore, they had no languange or unity to form a nation and a common culture.
Those people that you call Ablanians, they called themselfs Greeks. That was their take, if you dont agree with them, then its your problem not theirs. If they was here today, they would be angry with you, so better don't write about them.
@@Thessaloz bro it's a " bot "
Hey Kings and Generals. Because it’s towards the end of the school and all my classes are pretty much done with their final exams etc, I’ve been recently showing some of your videos that are related to some of the topics we covered throughout the year such as the Pacific series which they absolutely loved. Just wanted to quickly thank you for making my classes just glued to the screen in fascination while also learning something important.
Thank you, it is an honor!
@@KingsandGenerals You really are one of the best history channels 👏 🙌
@@KingsandGenerals your videos made more explanations and clarity than all the history classes I attended combined.
Say what you want, but Kolokotronis is an awesome name for a guerilla fighter.
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
This war is one of the most (if not the most) important ones for us Greeks. The attention to the details is amazing, once again you nailed it. Thank you so much for this series Kings and Generals, we'll be waiting for the next video!
I can see why! A shame I never learned about this (the world has SO MUCH history) but I’m glad I am now!
@@balclava4937 Greetings from Greece mate!
@@balclava4937 Egypt is also one of my favorite countries in the world! We share a lot together!
@@balclava4937 lots of love to you too and to all of you wonderful people!!! from Greece ❤️❤️❤️
Wasn't even referring to religion, our countries go waaay before those came to be, literally Bronze Age :D
Crazy how the Greeks managed to win against all odds.
The same with Euro2004.
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@Universal.. Arvanites and Albanians are two different nations. Albanians are Shqiptars, who first appear in the Ottoman Empire identifying as such in the 1600s, while the Arvanites have never identified as Shqiptars in their history. In fact Arvanites were first mentioned 1000 years ago as Arvanites in Byzantine sources. They are a completely distinct people to the Albanian Shqiptars. The only similarity is the languages. Albanian Shqiptar identity however is based not on ethnicity but on linguistics hence why they try to claim the Arvanites as Shqiptars.
@@drillxedit Send sources.
@@drillxedit First of all I open a parenthesis about the name of Albania or Albanians quoted by Strabo (around 58-21/25) in the 1st century BC and Claudius Ptolemy (around 100 - 170 AD) in the 2nd century AD.
It derives from the name of an Illyrian tribe, the Albanoi, which was located around the city of Albanopolis (now Zgërdhesh located in the region of Krujë).
Moreover, even today, a region of Albania, from the north of Tirana (between the rivers Mat and Erzen), is called Albëni (gheg dialect) or Arbëri (tosk dialect).
But this name Albanoi with its various variants (Arbanites, Arvanites, Arvanitis, Arvanos, Arban, Arbani, Arbanon, Arnavuts, Arnauts, Arbëri, Arbër, Arbëni, Arbën, Albën, Albanois, or Albanians) really began to spread when the Albanian territories became a field of hostility and a buffer zone between Byzantines and the new Slavic invaders (Serbs, Croats etc.. ...) towards the beginning of the seventh century AD.
Several writers of the eleventh century, including Michel Attaliate and Jean Skyltzes, have recounted this kind of confrontation and widely spoken of these Albanian mountain tribes.
It is the Angevin chancelleries (Charles I of Anjou, brother of St Louis, proclaimed himself king of Albania in 1272) which, in the 13th century, conveyed the name of Albanian or Albanians, which spread rapidly, like wildfire, throughout Europe.
It should be noted that the Albanians never use this name (Albanian) to designate their own ethnic group: they call themselves Shqiptar, that is to say son or child of the eagle.
Source 📜 : Albanie: histoire du Moyen Age au XXe s, P.54, Mathieu AREF (Histoire et langue) ou l'incroyable Odyssée d'un peuple préhellénique.
Greek determination was truly impressive.
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111.
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
@@giorgioviras8266 Teodor Çergjini nicknamed "Bithëguri" (later translated and adopted into Greek by Kolokotroni) was an Albanian Orthodox (Arvanite) from Greece and the most emblematic leader of the Greek-Turkish wars of 1821.
He was an Arvanite (Albanian by blood) but influenced by Greek culture and the Greek Orthodox Church (from an Orthodox family)
He lived in a typical Arvanite (kleft) warlord lifestyle (caravan thieves), wore traditional Albanian Arvanite clothes.
Arvanite traditional clothes = Fustanella = Origins =
Fustanella is a traditional and warlike garment for men, worn by the Albanians, LATER by the Greeks and other Balkan nations (Influence).
Objects from the Illyrian (🇦🇱) period describing the dress have been found in Slovenia, Korça and in the district of Durrës.
In Albania, the fustanella was the official uniform of the royal guard and continues to be used by polyphonic groups, while in Greece, a shortened type of frock coat continues to be used by military ceremonial units such as the Evzones.
In Illyria, dresses of the fustanella nature are present since the 5th century BC. Thus in Maribor, Slovenia, an Illyrian (🇦🇱) sculpture with a dress was discovered.
Source 📜 : Fig 162 - Burrë me Fustanellë (gur i gjetur në Maribor të Sllovenis shek. V p.e.r)
Maxwell : “The foustanela, like the Scottish kilt or Lady Llanover’s Cambrian Costumes, provides ample material for authenticity-fabrication debates, not least because its origins apparently lie in Albania. During the Greek independence war, however, its Greek connotations became so powerful that foreign Philhellenes adopted it to show their sympathy for the Greek cause. Henry Bradfield, a surgeon who served in Greece, observed one English gentleman who tried to make a foustanela from a sheet. Philhellene enthusiasm for the foustanela survived knowledge of its Albanian origins; Philhellene William Whitcombe described the foustanela as a light Albanian kilt” in his 1828 memoirs.”
Source 📜 : pp. 170-171
St. Clair 1972, p. 232 📜 : “Gradually, more and more Greeks found ways of getting themselves on the Government’s pay roll. The money was never accounted for in detail. A captain would simply contract to provide a number of armed men and draw pay for that number. Again, the opportunities for embesslement were eagerly seized. Anyone who could muster any pretensions to a military status appreared in Nauplia demanding pay. It was probably at this time that the Albanian dress made its decisive step towards being regarded as the national dress of Greece. The Government party, being largely Albanians themselves, favoured the dress and a version of it was common among the Greek klephts and armatoli. Now it seemed that anyone who donned an Albanian dress could claim to be a soldier and share in the bonanza.” 📜 St. Clair, William (1972). That Greece Might Still be Free: The Philhellenes in the War of Independence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Skafidas p. 148 📜: “The modern fustanella appears in Greece worn by Albanians, and especially the Arvanites, as Greeks of Albanian ancestry were called, most of whom fought alongside the Greeks against the Turks in the long war of independence.” 📜Skafidas, Michael (2009). “Fabricating Greekness: From Fustanella to the Glossy Page”. In Paulicelli, Eugenia; Clark, Hazel. The Fabric of Cultures: Fashion, Identity, and Globalization. New York and Oxford: Taylor & Francis (Routledge). pp. 145-163.
Angelomatis-Tsougarakis 1990, 📜
p. 106: “On the other hand, Albanian dress was daily becoming more fashionable among the other nationalities. The fashion in the Morea was attributed to the influence of Ydra, an old Albanian colony, and to the other Albanian settlements in the Peloponesse. Ydra, however, could not have played a significant part in the development since its inhabitants did not wear the Albanian kilt but the clothes common to other islanders. In the rest of Greece it was the steadily rising power of Ali Pasha that made the Albanians a kind of ruling class to be imitated by others. The fact that the Albanians dress was lighter and more manageable than the dress the Greek upper classes used to wear also helped in spreading the fashion. It was not unusual even for the Turks to have their children dressed in Albanian costume, although it would have been demeaning for them to do so themselves.”
Welters, p. 59📜: “According to old travel books, the nineteenth-century traveler could readily identify Greek-Albanian peasants by their dress. The people and their garb, labeled as “Albanian”, were frequently described in contemporary written accounts or depicted in watercolours and engravings. The main components of dress associated with Greek-Albanian… men an outfit with a short full skirt known as the foustanella.”; p. 59-61📜. “Identifying the Greek-Albanian man by his clothing was more difficult after the Greek war of Independence, for the so-called “Albanian costume” became what has been identified as the “true” national dress on the mainland of Greece. In admiration for the heroic deeds of the Independence fighters, many of whom were Arvanites, a fancy version of the foustanella was adopted by diplomats and philihellenes for town wear.”; Welters, Lisa (1995). 📜“Ethnicity in Greek dress”. In Eicher, Joanne. Dress and ethnicity: Change across space and time. Oxford: Berg Publishers. pp. 53-77.
@@giorgioviras8266 While Arvanitika was commonly called Albanian in Greece until the 20th century, the desire of Arvanites to express their ethnic identification as Greeks led to the rejection of language identification with Albanian as well...
Source📜: a b GHM 1995
...In recent times, Arvanites had only very vague notions of how their language was or was not related to Albanian.
Source📜: Breu (1985: 424) and Tsitsipis (1983)
Since Arvanitika is almost exclusively a spoken language, Arvanites also have no practical affiliation with the standard Albanian language used in Albania, as they do not use this form in writing or in the media. The question of linguistic proximity or distance between Arvanitika and Albanian has come to the forefront especially since the early 1990s, when a large number of Albanian immigrants began to enter Greece and came into contact with the local Arvanite communities.
Source📜: Botsi (2003), Athanassopoulou (2005).
Since the 1980s, there have been organized efforts to preserve the cultural and linguistic heritage of the Arvanites. The largest organization promoting Arvanitika is the "Arvanitik League of Greece" (Αρβανίτικος σύλλογος Ελλάδος).
Source📜: Arvanitik League of Greece
Arvanite culture
Fara
Fara (Greek: φάρα, from Albanian fara "seed" source: Χριστοφορήδης, Κων. ΛΕΞΙΚΟΝ ΤΗΣ ΑΛΒΑΝΙΚΗΣ ΓΛΩΣΣΗΣ , p. 456. )
is a pattern of descent similar to the clans to the Malësia tribes of northern Albania. The Arvanites were organized into lighthouses (φάρες) mainly during the rule of the Ottoman Empire.
The apical ancestor was a warlord and the lighthouse was named after him. In an Arvanite village, each pharaoh was responsible for keeping genealogical records (see also civil registration offices), which are preserved to this day as historical documents in local libraries. There was usually more than one pharaoh in an Arvanite village and sometimes they were organized in phratries which had conflicts of interest. These phratries did not last long, because each pharaoh leader wanted to be the leader of the phratry and did not want to be ruled by another.
Source📜: See Biris (1960) and Kollias (1983).
@@giorgioviras8266 Arbanon (Albanian: Arbër or Arbëria, Greek: Ἄρβανον, Árvanon; Latin: Arbanum) was a principality ruled by the native Progoni family, and the first Albanian 🇦🇱 state to emerge in recorded history.
Source 📜 : Elsie 2010, p. iv: "To the east and northeast of Venetian territory in Albania arose the first Albanian state recorded in historical documents under Prince Progon, Arbanon, which lasted from 1190 to 1216."
You should make a series on how the industrial revolution dismantled the Ottoman Empire.
It’s not really what dismantled the Ottoman Empire though, or any empire for that matter. It wasn’t really until WW1 where they lost a war because they were “out-produced” on an industrial and economic level.
But I do agree that a video on how they engaged with the revolution (or didn’t) would be interesting.
Then what about a serie about the austro-hungarian empire fall.
@Zebra Last most of those nations are on the same axis. Still unipolar
@@rahman9749 Oh of course not directly but Machinery,military, and politics put the old man out especially when the idea of democracy plays a factor in balkins.
Industrial revolution and Napoleon ideas impacted the world most. Ussr communism did too
If we take a step back and see the greater picture of the time, that being the Ottoman Empire, while well past its prime, was still a powerful state and could afford considerable resources to try and turn the war around, and that the Europeans, due to living in the afternath of the Conference of Vienna, were obsessed with the preservation of monarchies and border stability, it is a miracle the Greek cause eventually succeeded. Truly against all odds.
What a miracle :D? Russia and Britain supported the orthodox Greek bandits in everything. Nationalist revolts within the Ottoman Empire also whetted the appetites of European monarchies on ottoman soil. Especially Austria and Russia. If the European states, especially Russia, had not intervened in this small rebellion, there would never have been a state called Greece today. In addition, the massacres (Genocide) of the Greek Orthodox in Mora were supported by the European states and these atrocities were covered up. The hellenic adoration began not in Greece, but in the West. The Greek rebels were just a tool. The monarchies that govern Greece today also came from Western Europe, not from this geography.
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
@@giorgioviras8266 My sources are not Albanian so it is not Albanian propaganda ...
My sources are considered reliable, just look at my sources.
But of course the Greeks will say that my sources are propaganda because the truth hurts them.
And my sources are approved by historiography.
@@giorgioviras8266 First of all I open a parenthesis about the name of Albania or Albanians quoted by Strabo (around 58-21/25) in the 1st century BC and Claudius Ptolemy (around 100 - 170 AD) in the 2nd century AD.
It derives from the name of an Illyrian tribe, the Albanoi, which was located around the city of Albanopolis (now Zgërdhesh located in the region of Krujë).
Moreover, even today, a region of Albania, from the north of Tirana (between the rivers Mat and Erzen), is called Albëni (gheg dialect) or Arbëri (tosk dialect).
But this name Albanoi with its various variants (Arbanites, Arvanites, Arvanitis, Arvanos, Arban, Arbani, Arbanon, Arnavuts, Arnauts, Arbëri, Arbër, Arbëni, Arbën, Albën, Albanois, or Albanians) really began to spread when the Albanian territories became a field of hostility and a buffer zone between Byzantines and the new Slavic invaders (Serbs, Croats etc.. ...) towards the beginning of the seventh century AD.
Several writers of the eleventh century, including Michel Attaliate and Jean Skyltzes, have recounted this kind of confrontation and widely spoken of these Albanian mountain tribes.
It is the Angevin chancelleries (Charles I of Anjou, brother of St Louis, proclaimed himself king of Albania in 1272) which, in the 13th century, conveyed the name of Albanian or Albanians, which spread rapidly, like wildfire, throughout Europe.
It should be noted that the Albanians never use this name (Albanian) to designate their own ethnic group: they call themselves Shqiptar, that is to say son or child of the eagle.
Source 📜 : Albanie: histoire du Moyen Age au XXe s, P.54, Mathieu AREF (Histoire et langue) ou l'incroyable Odyssée d'un peuple préhellénique.
As a Turk I find this series highly educating and I think they should be viewed by Turks to draw lessons from mistakes made, since these lessons can be applied even today in some circumstances. Keep up the good work. Peace in Mediterranean forever!
That is a nice wish for all people, peace and prosperity mate
Too many turks deny their genocides
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
In the contrary also, we Greeks should learn also from our mistakes from the Asia Minor campaign/ Turkish War of Independence. Apart from the emotional part, it is a very interesting part of modern history.
@@jothegreek I am not here to talk about the battles...
I am here to talk about their acsendence.
Often is overlooked how important lord Byron was for the Greek cause, he wasn't just martyr he was perhaps the very first superstar in history that turned into a martyr
The philellhnes who fought for greek indepentence were kinda unlucky heroes/martyrs.They fought for a noble cause but were taking orders from some greek leaders who were more interested in their personal politican gains at some occasions.
@@ianblack3634 hmmm in purely tactical level they had their own hierarchy pretty much like standard line infantry of their time, the biggest problem was logistics, and that had to do of course with the rivalries between Greek politicians..
I mean they couldn't break the second siege of messolongi because they didn't have the money to maintain their fleet...
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@Universal.. a the hateful bot is back , what took you so long?
Copy pasting the same comment won't get you anywhere , we all know what that means
@@jothegreek is just an annoying bot copy pasting the same comment over 1000+ on that channel alone
Report it to get rid of that nonsense
Gained my like at 15:29, when you mentioned the fate of my Island, Kassos. Something that rarely even Greek documentaries mention, although this specific island provided majorly in terms of naval forces and manpower, regardless of it being semi-autonomous and having little to gain from the rebellion. In the end, we paid for our heroism dearly...
Thank you.
💯
As a Greek undergraduate university student in the history department i have to thank you for your videos. You guys are doing great work
Μόνο τους Σουλιώτες Αλβανούς να μην λεγαν κατά τα άλλα το βίντεο είναι εξαιρετικό από κάθε άποψη !
@Black Crow do you have any links to more accurate accounts? I'd like to learn more about it. Thanks you
@@balclava4937 most modern day Greeks are actually ethnic Egyptian Orthodox converts.
🇦🇱arvanites🇦🇱 🇦🇱suliotes🇦🇱 are 🇦🇱albanians🇦🇱
@@supermavro6072 Akp troller spotted.
How the inflation going mate ?
"Brothers, i didn't ask for millitary ranks from the Government, neither to be appointed General, and in order to show you, that i' m still the same Markos, who always fought at your side, behold... in front of you i rip this paper that appointed me General. The enemy is out there, and is waiting for us. Who is worthy, let's fight with me tomorrow, and let's receive his rank in the battlefield, against the enemy who is coming to enslave us again. And if we fall, there is no greater honour from joining Leonidas and his 300, in the afterlife."
From Markos Botsaris's last speech, before the Battle of Karpenisi in 1823. Markos himself gave the answers...
Respect those Greeks for their independence dream.
🙋♀️🇬🇷
Greeks are unique in civil wars (Examples below):
The Spatans fought with the Atheneans to kick out the Persians. Later the Spartans took bribes from Persians to win the Atheneans at the Peloponnese war.
During 1821 Greeks did not had a formal nation yet and the best thing that they could do is begin civil wars!!
After WW2 Greece was destroyed by the Nazis and yet again we started a new civil war!!!!!
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
How funny you forgot byzantine empire search how many civil wars byzantines had
You mean the Italians? The germans would have never been in greece to begin with if it wasn’t fir the Italians
@@Universal.. haha, what are you drinking in albania?some albanians yes helped the greek revolution and thats all ,but most of them was with the ottomans,
and it is silly man why they didnt just keep their names?wtf are you talking about?why the f+ck lord byron keep his name?
why albanians only hide their names? what is it? a taboo? ofshsh..
Hey it's our national hobby, and let's not forget the civili war of 1916. right in the middle of WWI
As an Egyptian I never knew the details of that campaign , and the actual role of the Egyptian army in it , thanks a lot
We have too much history to learn in school hahhahaah
@@supermavro6072 what nonsense is this 😂
i believe this was the first war between Greeks and Egyptians having in mind our 3000+ old relations.
@@supermavro6072 γιατί συν Έλληνα δεν μιλάς λίγο στα ελληνικά να δούμε πόσα απ' ίδια πιάνει ο σάκος; 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
@@mint8648 they were Egyptians, you don't know anything
One important thing that the video don't show is the sacrifice of Papaflessas. He was a rogue priest and one of the most important figures of the revolution. When the Egyptians landed he was minister of the central government. He immediatelly resigned his position, gathered his men and went to fight the egyptian army on the hill of Maniaki. He knew he will lose and die there but he hoped that his sacrifice will stopped the civil war and united the Greeks.
I'm currently watching this on a beach in Crete, Greece so this is a welcome, thematic way to enjoy my holiday.
Apart from the civil war Ibrahim's campaign was the most devastating blow to the greek cause. Not only his reformed, along european lines, professional army could successfully repel the rebels but his plans for Peloponnese caused a huge bloodbath. Ibrahim didn't simply want to pacify the region but to also colonize it with Egyptians. As such the destruction could only be compared with the aftermath of the failed 1770 Orlov Revolt. Even today the phrase "Braïmis passed by" is used to describe a big disaster. It was Kolokotronis and his policy of punishing those that surrendered that kept the Revolution going. Even through Ibrahim's forces would only be destroyed at the 1827 naval battle of Navarino the guerrilla attacks did took a toll to his army. The irony of the story is that his father Mohammad Ali is held in high esteem because he encouraged many Greek merchants to settle in Egypt giving them many privileges. Their presence was crucial for the region's economic development and by the end of the 19th century the constituted practically Egypt's middle class.
I thought the whole idea of colonizing Greece with Arabs was not an actual plan, but a rumor of propaganda.
It's weird that Egypt by the time of the 1800s was seen as a decript backwater when in antiquity and up to the end of the renaissance was seen as the go to place for learning, trade and agriculture
You just spoit this series because you said Ibrahim will be destroyed. Now i will know what will happen
@@thatoneguyii5458 The Ottoman conquest of Egypt stifled the country in the centuries following, and when trade began to go around africa instead of through Egypt, the country lost a huge deal of wealth income.
Egypt middle class was constitutes by Albanians, western Europeans and arabs. Greeks made a minority of the middle class there.
Economic vitality was because of the reforms of the Albanian dynasty of Mehmet Ali and not because some merchants settled there.
He was going to exterminate every single being in Peloponnese if Europeans wouldn't have intervened in 1827
Excellent video as always, very interesting topic that isn’t covered enough. Keep up the tremendous work
Would be nice if you add some battle tactics as well.. I would love to see what kind of guerrilla tactics greeks used..
guerrilla
Chest Beating for intimidation was a popular one.
We decided to add the battles to the full video
@@ManzanaRepublica it will be made after the standalone episodes are done. Probably late 2022
@@supermavro6072
😆😆😆😆😆
Χρόνια Πολλά της Ελλάδας μας - Ζήτω το Αθάνατο ‘21! Με πατριωτικούς χαιρετισμούς σε όλους τους Έλληνες και Φιλέλληνες του κόσμου.
Thank you again for the start of this great series. Looking forward for more Greek and byzantine videos!!
@@Leoforos13 Τα πρόσεξα κι εγώ.
@@karras.apostolos ναι ρε λογικό αφού :
α) Αφού οι Αρβανίτες Έχουν Αλβανική Κουλτούρα, Γενετικά μπορεί να είναι Έλληνες και να θεωρούνται και σήμερα Έλληνες, αλλά όταν πολλοί απο αυτούς δεν ήξεραν Την Ελληνική γλώσσα. Ο Ευρωπαίος δεν θα το ψάξει άλλο και θα πει ότι κατευθείαν ήταν Αλβανοί, μια χαρά βίντεο ήταν αλλά όταν επισημάνει ότι οι Αρβανίτες είναι Αλβανοί είναι σπαστικό
@@bariuslippius exactly
Το Wikipedia δεν δίνει σαφή απάντηση για τη καταγωγή τους. Ίσως ήταν Αλβανοί που εξελληνιστηκαν, ίσως ήταν μια μίξη. Το σίγουρο είναι ότι επέλεξαν την Ελλάδα και ήταν χριστιανοί ορθόδοξοι.
@@bariuslippius Πρακτική Σκέψη joined the chat.
"On the blackened ridge of Psara
while Glory is walking alone
she observes the gallant young men:
on her hair she wears a crown
made of what little grass
remained on that desolate land"
- Dionysios Solomos
(This 1824 raid on the island of Psara left no human breathing on the island with more than 15.000 slaughtered and others sold to slavery, with very few escaping. This poem is taught in Greek primary school...)
As for the events of the Greek War of Independence outside Peloponnese, Central Greece and the Aegean Islands, the Greek Revolution in Macedonia started in 17 May 1821 at Polygyros in Chalchidiki by the Macedonian rich trader from Serres, Emmanouel Pappas who was a prominent member of Filiki Eteria and leader of the Greek War of Independence in Macedonia. The Uprising had an initial success, with the Greek rebels arriving outside Thessaloniki. Though the proximity with Constantinople and the massive Ottoman forces managed to contain the Greek Rebels at Mount Athos and Kassandra Peninsula, which was completely destroyed by the Ottomans during October-November of 1821. A couple of months later the Armatoloi of Mount Olympos, took the arms when a small force sent by Dimitrios Ypsilantis arrived, and simultaneously the cities of Naousa and Veroia revolted. The Pasha of Thessaloniki Emin Loubout moved against them with a massive army of 20.000 men and after two months of struggle, he destroyed comlpetely Naousa in 13 April of 1822 (Massacre of Naousa), ending after a year of heroic struggle, and many battles the Greek War of Independence in Macedonia. Many Greeks of Macedonia though, who escaped the slaughter, they continue the struggle against the Ottomans in Southern Greece.
Thank you for telling our story! I am always very excited and grateful when someone shows Greece’s recent history. Most think we went from togas to ties
It's crazy what determination and heroism the Greek people showed. The thirst these people have for freedom, I mean for some querilla fighters to achieve such great victories against the regular Ottoman army. It's fascinating!
Greece definitely has a track record of beating the odds before too, the Persian Empire for example from over a millennium ago. Part of me though, wishes they could capitalize on their success and take back Constantinople when they had the chance too, would love to see the Hagia Sophia become an Orthodox church again
@@hattorihaso2579
1) 400 years
2 ) 27 revolts and constant riots
3) entire areas out of the reach of ottoman authorities ( mani , Morea, mountains of Crete, hippirus ect )
Ps a keyboard warrior talking about cowards from his gaming chair goes beyond cringiness but i guess the life of an" Akp troller" is hard and people must make a living
@@hattorihaso2579 looks like someone is b@tthurt!
@@hattorihaso2579 if so then the ottoman is largest NOOB Empire.
@@hattorihaso2579 actually they were in constant more or less active rebelion for the whole 400 years period.
As an Egyptian I wanna point out the story of the group of Coptic Christian soldiers in the army who were under the mission to raid a monastery in Cyprus in the war but and decided instead to hide in the hills refusing to attack it. The ottoman leaders killed them all for treason.
Edit: for those complaining in the comments. My name isn’t Kyriakos it’s a cool saint name I put as my username, and krakos is gibberish I made up and isn’t even a Greek name it’s polish apparently
عشان في ناس مش فاهمة
Where can I read more about this?
@@samyebeid4534 or is this just a fake news?
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
@@MrShadyMustafa there was uprisings at Cyprus, Crete and Asia minor as well as Wallachia and hippirus it's just that those was putted down quite fast and often aren't mentioned
I'm Egyptian 🇪🇬 and I love 💕 my greek friends 🇬🇷
From Alexandria with love ❤️
الكفتس ميبقاش كفتس لو مفساش مكان ما يروح
ولسه بتشهدوا على نفسكم انكم طابور خامس وخونه وولاءكم مش هنا
ليكم يوم
Despite being easily defeated by the Egyptians, the Greek rebels grew to admire them for their bravery, organization and strength. As a Greek, I love Egypt very much, and am glad that our two countries are brothers and allies.
@@nassauguy48 greece revolts lost against egyptian armies because of strengh and numbers and some traitors and because some them trained by france commanders and learning the experience from their wars with napoleon bonaparte.
Great historical analysis of the Greek struggle for independence. Excellent work.
Please mention the year more often - this video left me having to look them up elsewhere. Thanks for your great work.
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@𐔟𐔓𐔍𐔠𐔇𐔙𐔛𐔀𐔐 (i am not linking his username because he blocked me, AGAIN, and when i go to reply to him the system doesn't accept my comment)
Stop spamming whole comment sections with your outdated and half-truth nationalistic nonsense. I told you in the other video as well, some months ago.
The most famous heroes of the *Greek* War of Independence were *Greeks* . Names such as Karaiskakis, Kolokotronis, Papaflessas, Diakos, Nikitaras, Kanaris, Anagnostaras, Mavrogenous, are just a few. And thousands upon thousands of Greek fighters such as Maniots, Agrafiots/Sarakatsani, Sfakians, and Greek Klephts and Armatoloi. In fact, we have the names of all, stored in the National Library of Greece (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted). There was a certain committee which was established in 1846, in order to remunerate and compensate the fighters of 1821, and that's how we know of all; literally thousands of names.
Theodoros Kolokotronis was Greek; fully Greek to be precise. Instead of digging up baseless sources, you might as well read his memoirs (yes he wrote memoirs) where he identifies as a Greek, and gives a short background of his family as well. In his memoirs we learn that the earliest attested region of the family is Ρουπάκι, at the borders of Arcadia and Messenia, which up until 1670 had the name of Κότσικας, which is a diminutive of Κωνσταντίνος/Constantine. Furthermore, in the Ottoman census of Peloponnese in the 1460s which made an ethnic distinction between Greeks and Albanians, that village is recorded as having a purely Greek population comprised of 21 houses. Furthermore, it is a known fact that Theodoros Kolokotronis couldn't even speak Albanian as a second language; Kolokotronis' secretary, Theodoros Rigopoulos, in his own memoirs mentions the existence of a sister of Theodoros who was abducted as a child by the Turks. When Theodoros Kolokotronis went to Albania as an envoy of the French, he met her there where she lived as the wife of an imam. She and her husband knew her origins. Brother and sister hugged with tears but could not speak because the woman didn't speak Greek, while Kolokotronis didn't speak Albanian. We even have a descendant of his who has tested his Y-DNA (patrilineal DNA), and it shows that he belonged to a rare Greek haplogroup that has been in Greece way more than a 1000 years, meaning way before there was any migration of Albanians to the south, and is even totally absent from all Albanians; namely I-A480.
Now, let's touch upon the Souliotes, such as Markos Botsaris and Kitsos Tzavelas. Souliotes were a bilingual community, that had mixed Greek-Albanian origin. There are many sources that support this. Also, regarding their two dialects, Markos Botsaris himself wrote a dictionary. Specifically, Markos wrote the dictionary in 1809 when he was 19 years of age, on the island of Corfu after the request of French Philehellene François Pouqueville. After the dictionary was finished Markos gave it to Pouqueville, whom with his turn donated it to the National Library of Paris, where the original continues to be. According to Pouqueville's notes, Markos Botsaris wrote the dictionary with the help of his father Kitsos Botsaris, his uncle Notis Botsaris and his father-in-law Christakis Kalogeros. The whole dictionary was written with Greek letters, and it included 1494 Albanian and 1701 Greek entries. Of the Albanian entries, the 528 are loans from Greek, 187 loans from Turkish, 21 loans from Italian and 2 from other languages. What does this indicate to you? First of all that the Souliotes were bilingual in Greek and Albanian, and second, that even their Albanian dialect was almost 1/3 Greek in vocabulary. Furthermore, Titos Yochalas, who studied, analyzed, and published the dictionary in 1980, wrote that even the syntax of the Albanian dialect followed Greek rules. Imagine that. And since we touched on Markos, even the aforementioned Tzavellas left us with a document, namely his personal diary while a captive of Ali Pasha, and is written in Greek also (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted).
Even for real Arvanite-speakers such as Andreas "Miaoulis" Vokos you mentioned above, few know it but his family actually originated from the Greek-speaking town of Fylla in Euboea. Andreas Miaoulis himself writes this in a letter to Kapodistrias, which i can also share. His family arrived at Hydra in 1668, along with a number of other Greek families from throughout the Greek world. Sorry to disappoint you, but both Hydra and Spetses had a very mixed population, even though Arvanitika prevailed as a language because it was established on the two islands from prior of the 17th century, and most immigrants came after 1668.
@𐔟𐔓𐔍𐔠𐔇𐔙𐔛𐔀𐔐 The surname of Kolokotronis is explained by him in his memoirs. The name "Bythegouras" (Μπιθεγκούρας), is nothing more but a nickname that was originally given to Theodoros' grandfather, Giannis, by an Arvanite, because he had strong butt/legs, and of course the Kolokotroni family, being exclusively Greek-speaking, translated it into Greek, "Kolokotronis" (Κολοκοτρώνης), and was hence passed on to the descendants. The father of Giannis was called Botzikas. Botzikas' father was Dimos Tzerginis. The father of Dimos was Dimitrakis Tzerginis. And with Dimitrakis' father we reach the progenitor of the family, Triantaphyllakos Tzerginis. Now, even though i can give your a Greek etymology for this first original surname, i can tell you with certainty that this is obviously a mistake; either from the oral tradition of the family or from when the memoirs were published. I say this because there have been two Greek members in the aforementioned I-A480 haplogroup, whose surname is "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης), and we even have one of those who wrote in a newspaper article that Kolokotronis actual historical surname was not "Tzerginis" (Τζεργίνης), but "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης) or "Tzertzinis" (Τζερτζίνης); i do have a copy but i cannot share the URL here because my comment will get deleted. Furthermore, if you go at the Greek online application "Από πού κρατάει η σκούφια σου;" at the website "apps . vrisko . gr", whichs shows the distribution of all Greek surnames, and you search for these exact surnames, you will see that it's not possible for the real surname to have been Τζεργίνης or Τσεργίνης, because nobody has them. But, if we search for Τζωρτζίνης or Τζερτζίνης, there is a significant distribution in Messenia, specifically for the former. That is important, because Kolokotronis in his memoirs says that some 60 families in Messenia also bore his original family surname. By the way, "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης) is a Greek rendering of the Italian diminutive for George; "Giorgino". This is probably due to the relationship that the head of the family, Triantaphyllakos had with the Genoese admiral Andrea Doria, who had tried to start a revolution against the Turks around 1532, but failed. Although I do not know why "George". Maybe it was his patronymic. I could add more, but these should clear some things out.
I've been waiting for the next video on the Greek War of Independence for so long now!
Great vid! Keep making videos for modern day Greece since its in the shadow of the usual ancient Greece vids
Well, a minor correction about Dramalis. The expression (still in use in day to day lingo) is "the SLAUGHTER of Dramalis" not the disaster - "Η ΣΦΑΓΗ του Δράμαλη". It is used to express big crowd chaotic - mostly nonviolent - situations. Example: "The Apple Store opening on Black Friday was the slaughter of Dramalis"
Υπάρχει και η έκφραση " η Νίλα του Δράμαλη", οπότε και τα δύο είναι σωστα
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
@@giorgioviras8266 My sources are not Albanian so it is not Albanian propaganda ...
My sources are considered reliable, just look at my sources.
But of course the Greeks will say that my sources are propaganda because the truth hurts them.
And my sources are approved by historiography.
@@giorgioviras8266 First of all I open a parenthesis about the name of Albania or Albanians quoted by Strabo (around 58-21/25) in the 1st century BC and Claudius Ptolemy (around 100 - 170 AD) in the 2nd century AD.
It derives from the name of an Illyrian tribe, the Albanoi, which was located around the city of Albanopolis (now Zgërdhesh located in the region of Krujë).
Moreover, even today, a region of Albania, from the north of Tirana (between the rivers Mat and Erzen), is called Albëni (gheg dialect) or Arbëri (tosk dialect).
But this name Albanoi with its various variants (Arbanites, Arvanites, Arvanitis, Arvanos, Arban, Arbani, Arbanon, Arnavuts, Arnauts, Arbëri, Arbër, Arbëni, Arbën, Albën, Albanois, or Albanians) really began to spread when the Albanian territories became a field of hostility and a buffer zone between Byzantines and the new Slavic invaders (Serbs, Croats etc.. ...) towards the beginning of the seventh century AD.
Several writers of the eleventh century, including Michel Attaliate and Jean Skyltzes, have recounted this kind of confrontation and widely spoken of these Albanian mountain tribes.
It is the Angevin chancelleries (Charles I of Anjou, brother of St Louis, proclaimed himself king of Albania in 1272) which, in the 13th century, conveyed the name of Albanian or Albanians, which spread rapidly, like wildfire, throughout Europe.
It should be noted that the Albanians never use this name (Albanian) to designate their own ethnic group: they call themselves Shqiptar, that is to say son or child of the eagle.
Source 📜 : Albanie: histoire du Moyen Age au XXe s, P.54, Mathieu AREF (Histoire et langue) ou l'incroyable Odyssée d'un peuple préhellénique.
Greeks: Fight among themselves more than their enemies since antiquity
Some random eastern superpower: Excuse me gentlem-
Greeks: *EXCUSE YOUUU INDEED SIIIIIIR! DON'T YOU SEE WE ARE TERRIBLY BUSY RIGHT NOW??* Brothers, we shall expell this rude people for interrupting our ancient tradition of 'fraternal browling'
Ottomans: * confu s e d d e s i n t e g r a t i o n *
Maan so true.Its like everytime a huge power comes to conquer Greeks start fight each other
Greco-Persian wars
War of indipendence
WW2
Drama is a Greek cultural touchstone.
@@DeveusBelkan so much, we've named a city after it. 🤣
@@Imperator-vo4to Believe it or not it's called Drama
@@Imperator-vo4to
It's in northern Greece 😃
Finally the next episode. I was waiting for it. I really like this series.
Greeks infighting amongst themselves? Classic Greeks.
Hello! Your imperial majesty
Thank you very much for showcasing the Greek struggle for independence! I hope you cover the political background too, and the influences of people like Thomas Jefferson in the Greek politician's school of thought!
Amazing work one more time! We can't wait for the next episode!
Great video! One of the best I've seen for awhile!
So interesting! Even though I am from the balkans I didn't know the details of the Greek revolution. Please do Bulgaria next!
And Serbia!
Awesome video! I can't wait for the next installment.🙏👍
Exellent covered 👌about this period next episode don't forget to cover the Egyptian invasion of Mani, the most HEROIC of war together with Messolongi EXODUS,
Strategos Ypsilanti when? Really excited to continue this series.
I think you need to make a series of videos about the battles between Greeks and Ottomans at that time, because there are soo many that its shame only to mentioned by name and not a detailed recording like soo many other videos that you have in your channel , btw its was a good video and I WANT MORE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! :P
Thank you for uploading this series. It’s nice to learn about my country’s fight for freedom. Hope the next episode is coming soon!😊
This is an interesting conflict and i am learning something.
I can't wait for the Alexander's Conquest #8.
Greeks show to Ottoman how the Spartan warrior still exist inside every Greek
The assistance of Egypt to the Ottomans in the greek war of independece was crucial, but the revolutionary flame kept its strength! Eventually, Peloponesus became Ibrahim's Vietnam... Excellent video!
Egypt was going to crush the Greek revolution, but the western countries saved them, simply !
My friend, Ibrahim had no chance against the Greeks, can't you understand?
400 hundred years of ottoman occupation and still kicked em out.
ibrahim was destroying the greeks but greeks were saved by the western countries
@@smyakv0098 while the egyptians were fighting with western modern arms even the lutenants were french and germans as well as tactics and not by their own forces so dont say big words peloponisos are a mountain terrain were modern warfare had no chance only guerilla warfare could win this war egyptians had no chance
@@00Abrams00 while the egyptians were fighting with western modern arms even the lutenants were french and germans as well as tactics and not by their own forces so dont say big words peloponisos are a mountain terrain were modern warfare had no chance only guerilla warfare could win this war egyptians had no chance
Very interesting topic and very well covered. Well done K and G.
always a good time when you upload :D
Thank you for making videos about my country's history. 🥰
As a Greek who has been told this history many a time, I honestly got chills and goosebumps at the masterful portrayal of Greece's fight for freedom and your attention to detail is astonishing. This is an extremely painful part of our history as we remember all that was sacrificed in order for Greece to live freely today. All the innocent lives stolen in massacres perpetrated by the Ottomans, families broken apart with even children raped and sold into slavery by the Ottomans, and so many other lives lost because of Greek infighting. Yet despite all this pain I feel in my heart, I weep a tear of gratitude to all who sacrificed their lives (Greeks and most especially philhellenes from nearly all parts of the globe such as people from Italy, France, England, America and so many more indescribably brave individuals) Thank you! With all my heart Thank you! And Thank you King's and Generals again for this! I know I've learnt of this before, but seeing it again, as painful as it is to learn and be reminded of how my people were slaughtered time and time again, it helps me realise just how important and valuable the freedom that i have now is! Thank you!
Μην ξεχνάς όμως ότι γινόταν και το αντίστροφο
Greeks have always been fighting each other from ancient times all the way into modern times. But when Greeks look at each other as fellow country men anything is possible. In ancient times they put aside their petty differences and created an empire (under Alexander the Great) that stretched from the Adriatic Sea to Kashmir. And the Greece of modern times put aside their differences and reclaimed their homeland and their freedom.
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@molonlabe4745 alexander the great conquered ancient greece. They did not cooperate
@@Universal.. Stop spamming whole comment sections with your outdated and half-truth nationalistic nonsense. I told you in the other video as well, some months ago.
The most famous heroes of the *Greek* War of Independence were *Greeks* . Names such as Karaiskakis, Kolokotronis, Papaflessas, Diakos, Nikitaras, Kanaris, Anagnostaras, Mavrogenous, are just a few. And thousands upon thousands of Greek fighters such as Maniots, Agrafiots/Sarakatsani, Sfakians, and Greek Klephts and Armatoloi. In fact, we have the names of all, stored in the National Library of Greece (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted). There was a certain committee which was established in 1846, in order to remunerate and compensate the fighters of 1821, and that's how we know of all; literally thousands of names.
Theodoros Kolokotronis was Greek; fully Greek to be precise. Instead of digging up baseless sources, you might as well read his memoirs (yes he wrote memoirs) where he identifies as a Greek, and gives a short background of his family as well. In his memoirs we learn that the earliest attested region of the family is Ρουπάκι, at the borders of Arcadia and Messenia, which up until 1670 had the name of Κότσικας, which is a diminutive of Κωνσταντίνος/Constantine. Furthermore, in the Ottoman census of Peloponnese in the 1460s which made an ethnic distinction between Greeks and Albanians, that village is recorded as having a purely Greek population comprised of 21 houses. Furthermore, it is a known fact that Theodoros Kolokotronis couldn't even speak Albanian as a second language; Kolokotronis' secretary, Theodoros Rigopoulos, in his own memoirs mentions the existence of a sister of Theodoros who was abducted as a child by the Turks. When Theodoros Kolokotronis went to Albania as an envoy of the French, he met her there where she lived as the wife of an imam. She and her husband knew her origins. Brother and sister hugged with tears but could not speak because the woman didn't speak Greek, while Kolokotronis didn't speak Albanian. We even have a descendant of his who has tested his Y-DNA (patrilineal DNA), and it shows that he belonged to a rare Greek haplogroup that has been in Greece way more than a 1000 years, meaning way before there was any migration of Albanians to the south, and is even totally absent from all Albanians; namely I-A480.
Now, let's touch upon the Souliotes, such as Markos Botsaris and Kitsos Tzavelas. Souliotes were a bilingual community, that had mixed Greek-Albanian origin. There are many sources that support this. Also, regarding their two dialects, Markos Botsaris himself wrote a dictionary. Specifically, Markos wrote the dictionary in 1809 when he was 19 years of age, on the island of Corfu after the request of French Philehellene François Pouqueville. After the dictionary was finished Markos gave it to Pouqueville, whom with his turn donated it to the National Library of Paris, where the original continues to be. According to Pouqueville's notes, Markos Botsaris wrote the dictionary with the help of his father Kitsos Botsaris, his uncle Notis Botsaris and his father-in-law Christakis Kalogeros. The whole dictionary was written with Greek letters, and it included 1494 Albanian and 1701 Greek entries. Of the Albanian entries, the 528 are loans from Greek, 187 loans from Turkish, 21 loans from Italian and 2 from other languages. What does this indicate to you? First of all that the Souliotes were bilingual in Greek and Albanian, and second, that even their Albanian dialect was almost 1/3 Greek in vocabulary. Furthermore, Titos Yochalas, who studied, analyzed, and published the dictionary in 1980, wrote that even the syntax of the Albanian dialect followed Greek rules. Imagine that. And since we touched on Markos, even the aforementioned Tzavellas left us with a document, namely his personal diary while a captive of Ali Pasha, and is written in Greek also (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted).
Even for real Arvanite-speakers such as Andreas "Miaoulis" Vokos you mentioned above, few know it but his family actually originated from the Greek-speaking town of Fylla in Euboea. Andreas Miaoulis himself writes this in a letter to Kapodistrias, which i can also share. His family arrived at Hydra in 1668, along with a number of other Greek families from throughout the Greek world. Sorry to disappoint you, but both Hydra and Spetses had a very mixed population, even though Arvanitika prevailed as a language because it was established on the two islands from prior of the 17th century, and most immigrants came after 1668.
Was wasting for the next video for a while now. Thanks for delivering 😁
Great video my friend very educational for those that don't know and for myself that does now know
"When the nations of this world were born,
the Greeks were blessed,and cursed
for great and unfortunate things"
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111.
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
@@giorgioviras8266 My sources are not Albanian so it is not Albanian propaganda ...
My sources are considered reliable, just look at my sources.
But of course the Greeks will say that my sources are propaganda because the truth hurts them.
And my sources are approved by historiography.
@@giorgioviras8266 First of all I open a parenthesis about the name of Albania or Albanians quoted by Strabo (around 58-21/25) in the 1st century BC and Claudius Ptolemy (around 100 - 170 AD) in the 2nd century AD.
It derives from the name of an Illyrian tribe, the Albanoi, which was located around the city of Albanopolis (now Zgërdhesh located in the region of Krujë).
Moreover, even today, a region of Albania, from the north of Tirana (between the rivers Mat and Erzen), is called Albëni (gheg dialect) or Arbëri (tosk dialect).
But this name Albanoi with its various variants (Arbanites, Arvanites, Arvanitis, Arvanos, Arban, Arbani, Arbanon, Arnavuts, Arnauts, Arbëri, Arbër, Arbëni, Arbën, Albën, Albanois, or Albanians) really began to spread when the Albanian territories became a field of hostility and a buffer zone between Byzantines and the new Slavic invaders (Serbs, Croats etc.. ...) towards the beginning of the seventh century AD.
Several writers of the eleventh century, including Michel Attaliate and Jean Skyltzes, have recounted this kind of confrontation and widely spoken of these Albanian mountain tribes.
It is the Angevin chancelleries (Charles I of Anjou, brother of St Louis, proclaimed himself king of Albania in 1272) which, in the 13th century, conveyed the name of Albanian or Albanians, which spread rapidly, like wildfire, throughout Europe.
It should be noted that the Albanians never use this name (Albanian) to designate their own ethnic group: they call themselves Shqiptar, that is to say son or child of the eagle.
Source 📜 : Albanie: histoire du Moyen Age au XXe s, P.54, Mathieu AREF (Histoire et langue) ou l'incroyable Odyssée d'un peuple préhellénique.
@@Universal.. the only one that is hurt by the truth, is you my friend.
I admire this channel very much, being an history myself! I have one question: can you make a video about the Italian War of Independence during the XIX century? I will gladly help you if you need some information about the italian society of those times!
Good video thank you for sharing this information 👍🏻
Exceptionally well done - bravo!
It's downright poetic how this conflict echoes the Greek-Persian Wars.
"When the nations of this world were born,
the Greeks were blessed,and cursed
for great and unfortunate things"
Thank you for the amazing video as always! I come from Chios and I most people don't know about the massacre of the island so it is nice to see it mentioned.
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@Universal.. I am not sure if it worth overgeneralizing. Your comments seems a bit random and generic since it not related to my comment. Also I will leave the claims about the origin of these fighters to experts who have studied this historical period.
@𐔟𐔓𐔍𐔠𐔇𐔙𐔛𐔀𐔐 (i am not linking his username because he blocked me, AGAIN, and when i go to reply to him the system doesn't accept my comment)
Stop spamming whole comment sections with your outdated and half-truth nationalistic nonsense. I told you in the other video as well, some months ago.
The most famous heroes of the *Greek* War of Independence were *Greeks* . Names such as Karaiskakis, Kolokotronis, Papaflessas, Diakos, Nikitaras, Kanaris, Anagnostaras, Mavrogenous, are just a few. And thousands upon thousands of Greek fighters such as Maniots, Agrafiots/Sarakatsani, Sfakians, and Greek Klephts and Armatoloi. In fact, we have the names of all, stored in the National Library of Greece (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted). There was a certain committee which was established in 1846, in order to remunerate and compensate the fighters of 1821, and that's how we know of all; literally thousands of names.
Theodoros Kolokotronis was Greek; fully Greek to be precise. Instead of digging up baseless sources, you might as well read his memoirs (yes he wrote memoirs) where he identifies as a Greek, and gives a short background of his family as well. In his memoirs we learn that the earliest attested region of the family is Ρουπάκι, at the borders of Arcadia and Messenia, which up until 1670 had the name of Κότσικας, which is a diminutive of Κωνσταντίνος/Constantine. Furthermore, in the Ottoman census of Peloponnese in the 1460s which made an ethnic distinction between Greeks and Albanians, that village is recorded as having a purely Greek population comprised of 21 houses. Furthermore, it is a known fact that Theodoros Kolokotronis couldn't even speak Albanian as a second language; Kolokotronis' secretary, Theodoros Rigopoulos, in his own memoirs mentions the existence of a sister of Theodoros who was abducted as a child by the Turks. When Theodoros Kolokotronis went to Albania as an envoy of the French, he met her there where she lived as the wife of an imam. She and her husband knew her origins. Brother and sister hugged with tears but could not speak because the woman didn't speak Greek, while Kolokotronis didn't speak Albanian. We even have a descendant of his who has tested his Y-DNA (patrilineal DNA), and it shows that he belonged to a rare Greek haplogroup that has been in Greece way more than a 1000 years, meaning way before there was any migration of Albanians to the south, and is even totally absent from all Albanians; namely I-A480.
Now, let's touch upon the Souliotes, such as Markos Botsaris and Kitsos Tzavelas. Souliotes were a bilingual community, that had mixed Greek-Albanian origin. There are many sources that support this. Also, regarding their two dialects, Markos Botsaris himself wrote a dictionary. Specifically, Markos wrote the dictionary in 1809 when he was 19 years of age, on the island of Corfu after the request of French Philehellene François Pouqueville. After the dictionary was finished Markos gave it to Pouqueville, whom with his turn donated it to the National Library of Paris, where the original continues to be. According to Pouqueville's notes, Markos Botsaris wrote the dictionary with the help of his father Kitsos Botsaris, his uncle Notis Botsaris and his father-in-law Christakis Kalogeros. The whole dictionary was written with Greek letters, and it included 1494 Albanian and 1701 Greek entries. Of the Albanian entries, the 528 are loans from Greek, 187 loans from Turkish, 21 loans from Italian and 2 from other languages. What does this indicate to you? First of all that the Souliotes were bilingual in Greek and Albanian, and second, that even their Albanian dialect was almost 1/3 Greek in vocabulary. Furthermore, Titos Yochalas, who studied, analyzed, and published the dictionary in 1980, wrote that even the syntax of the Albanian dialect followed Greek rules. Imagine that. And since we touched on Markos, even the aforementioned Tzavellas left us with a document, namely his personal diary while a captive of Ali Pasha, and is written in Greek also (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted).
Even for real Arvanite-speakers such as Andreas "Miaoulis" Vokos you mentioned above, few know it but his family actually originated from the Greek-speaking town of Fylla in Euboea. Andreas Miaoulis himself writes this in a letter to Kapodistrias, which i can also share. His family arrived at Hydra in 1668, along with a number of other Greek families from throughout the Greek world. Sorry to disappoint you, but both Hydra and Spetses had a very mixed population, even though Arvanitika prevailed as a language because it was established on the two islands from prior of the 17th century, and most immigrants came after 1668.
@@Agras14 When you write i want sources (Pages, Books...)
I didn't block you, you're afraid to mention my name because you know I'll finish you off like last time.
When you write I want sources on EVERY STATEMENT you tell us. (Be careful, I want you to separate the sources on each subject)
My sources are not Albanian so it is not Albanian propaganda ...
My sources are considered reliable, just look at my sources.
But of course the Greeks will say that my sources are propaganda because the truth hurts them.
@@Agras14 First of all I open a parenthesis about the name of Albania or Albanians quoted by Strabo (around 58-21/25) in the 1st century BC and Claudius Ptolemy (around 100 - 170 AD) in the 2nd century AD.
It derives from the name of an Illyrian tribe, the Albanoi, which was located around the city of Albanopolis (now Zgërdhesh located in the region of Krujë).
Moreover, even today, a region of Albania, from the north of Tirana (between the rivers Mat and Erzen), is called Albëni (gheg dialect) or Arbëri (tosk dialect).
But this name Albanoi with its various variants (Arbanites, Arvanites, Arvanitis, Arvanos, Arban, Arbani, Arbanon, Arnavuts, Arnauts, Arbëri, Arbër, Arbëni, Arbën, Albën, Albanois, or Albanians) really began to spread when the Albanian territories became a field of hostility and a buffer zone between Byzantines and the new Slavic invaders (Serbs, Croats etc.. ...) towards the beginning of the seventh century AD.
Several writers of the eleventh century, including Michel Attaliate and Jean Skyltzes, have recounted this kind of confrontation and widely spoken of these Albanian mountain tribes.
It is the Angevin chancelleries (Charles I of Anjou, brother of St Louis, proclaimed himself king of Albania in 1272) which, in the 13th century, conveyed the name of Albanian or Albanians, which spread rapidly, like wildfire, throughout Europe.
It should be noted that the Albanians never use this name (Albanian) to designate their own ethnic group: they call themselves Shqiptar, that is to say son or child of the eagle.
Source 📜 : Albanie: histoire du Moyen Age au XXe s, P.54, Mathieu AREF (Histoire et langue) ou l'incroyable Odyssée d'un peuple préhellénique.
Another great episode as always
Always learn something new from this channel
Oh kings and generals, what have you done?
This Sikh guy from Singapore has fell in love with the Greek revolution...
This channel is amazing. I can’t say this enough. The research, the content, the facts, it’s untouched.
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111.
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
@𐔟𐔓𐔍𐔠𐔇𐔙𐔛𐔀𐔐 (i am not linking his username because he blocked me, AGAIN, and when i go to reply to him the system doesn't accept my comment)
Stop spamming whole comment sections with your outdated and half-truth nationalistic nonsense. I told you in the other video as well, some months ago.
The most famous heroes of the *Greek* War of Independence were *Greeks* . Names such as Karaiskakis, Kolokotronis, Papaflessas, Diakos, Nikitaras, Kanaris, Anagnostaras, Mavrogenous, are just a few. And thousands upon thousands of Greek fighters such as Maniots, Agrafiots/Sarakatsani, Sfakians, and Greek Klephts and Armatoloi. In fact, we have the names of all, stored in the National Library of Greece (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted). There was a certain committee which was established in 1846, in order to remunerate and compensate the fighters of 1821, and that's how we know of all; literally thousands of names.
Theodoros Kolokotronis was Greek; fully Greek to be precise. Instead of digging up baseless sources, you might as well read his memoirs (yes he wrote memoirs) where he identifies as a Greek, and gives a short background of his family as well. In his memoirs we learn that the earliest attested region of the family is Ρουπάκι, at the borders of Arcadia and Messenia, which up until 1670 had the name of Κότσικας, which is a diminutive of Κωνσταντίνος/Constantine. Furthermore, in the Ottoman census of Peloponnese in the 1460s which made an ethnic distinction between Greeks and Albanians, that village is recorded as having a purely Greek population comprised of 21 houses. Furthermore, it is a known fact that Theodoros Kolokotronis couldn't even speak Albanian as a second language; Kolokotronis' secretary, Theodoros Rigopoulos, in his own memoirs mentions the existence of a sister of Theodoros who was abducted as a child by the Turks. When Theodoros Kolokotronis went to Albania as an envoy of the French, he met her there where she lived as the wife of an imam. She and her husband knew her origins. Brother and sister hugged with tears but could not speak because the woman didn't speak Greek, while Kolokotronis didn't speak Albanian. We even have a descendant of his who has tested his Y-DNA (patrilineal DNA), and it shows that he belonged to a rare Greek haplogroup that has been in Greece way more than a 1000 years, meaning way before there was any migration of Albanians to the south, and is even totally absent from all Albanians; namely I-A480.
Now, let's touch upon the Souliotes, such as Markos Botsaris and Kitsos Tzavelas. Souliotes were a bilingual community, that had mixed Greek-Albanian origin. There are many sources that support this. Also, regarding their two dialects, Markos Botsaris himself wrote a dictionary. Specifically, Markos wrote the dictionary in 1809 when he was 19 years of age, on the island of Corfu after the request of French Philehellene François Pouqueville. After the dictionary was finished Markos gave it to Pouqueville, whom with his turn donated it to the National Library of Paris, where the original continues to be. According to Pouqueville's notes, Markos Botsaris wrote the dictionary with the help of his father Kitsos Botsaris, his uncle Notis Botsaris and his father-in-law Christakis Kalogeros. The whole dictionary was written with Greek letters, and it included 1494 Albanian and 1701 Greek entries. Of the Albanian entries, the 528 are loans from Greek, 187 loans from Turkish, 21 loans from Italian and 2 from other languages. What does this indicate to you? First of all that the Souliotes were bilingual in Greek and Albanian, and second, that even their Albanian dialect was almost 1/3 Greek in vocabulary. Furthermore, Titos Yochalas, who studied, analyzed, and published the dictionary in 1980, wrote that even the syntax of the Albanian dialect followed Greek rules. Imagine that. And since we touched on Markos, even the aforementioned Tzavellas left us with a document, namely his personal diary while a captive of Ali Pasha, and is written in Greek also (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted).
Even for real Arvanite-speakers such as Andreas "Miaoulis" Vokos you mentioned above, few know it but his family actually originated from the Greek-speaking town of Fylla in Euboea. Andreas Miaoulis himself writes this in a letter to Kapodistrias, which i can also share. His family arrived at Hydra in 1668, along with a number of other Greek families from throughout the Greek world. Sorry to disappoint you, but both Hydra and Spetses had a very mixed population, even though Arvanitika prevailed as a language because it was established on the two islands from prior of the 17th century, and most immigrants came after 1668.
@𐔟𐔓𐔍𐔠𐔇𐔙𐔛𐔀𐔐 The surname of Kolokotronis is explained by him in his memoirs. The name "Bythegouras" (Μπιθεγκούρας), is nothing more but a nickname that was originally given to Theodoros' grandfather, Giannis, by an Arvanite, because he had strong butt/legs, and of course the Kolokotroni family, being exclusively Greek-speaking, translated it into Greek, "Kolokotronis" (Κολοκοτρώνης), and was hence passed on to the descendants. The father of Giannis was called Botzikas. Botzikas' father was Dimos Tzerginis. The father of Dimos was Dimitrakis Tzerginis. And with Dimitrakis' father we reach the progenitor of the family, Triantaphyllakos Tzerginis. Now, even though i can give your a Greek etymology for this first original surname, i can tell you with certainty that this is obviously a mistake; either from the oral tradition of the family or from when the memoirs were published. I say this because there have been two Greek members in the aforementioned I-A480 haplogroup, whose surname is "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης), and we even have one of those who wrote in a newspaper article that Kolokotronis actual historical surname was not "Tzerginis" (Τζεργίνης), but "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης) or "Tzertzinis" (Τζερτζίνης); i do have a copy but i cannot share the URL here because my comment will get deleted. Furthermore, if you go at the Greek online application "Από πού κρατάει η σκούφια σου;" at the website "apps . vrisko . gr", whichs shows the distribution of all Greek surnames, and you search for these exact surnames, you will see that it's not possible for the real surname to have been Τζεργίνης or Τσεργίνης, because nobody has them. But, if we search for Τζωρτζίνης or Τζερτζίνης, there is a significant distribution in Messenia, specifically for the former. That is important, because Kolokotronis in his memoirs says that some 60 families in Messenia also bore his original family surname. By the way, "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης) is a Greek rendering of the Italian diminutive for George; "Giorgino". This is probably due to the relationship that the head of the family, Triantaphyllakos had with the Genoese admiral Andrea Doria, who had tried to start a revolution against the Turks around 1532, but failed. Although I do not know why "George". Maybe it was his patronymic. I could add more, but these should clear some things out.
Great video, perfect job.
Thanks guys, great presentation.
I predict this will be one of the finest series by Kings and Generals 😍
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111.
@𐔟𐔓𐔍𐔠𐔇𐔙𐔛𐔀𐔐 (i am not linking his username because he blocked me, AGAIN, and when i go to reply to him the system doesn't accept my comment)
Stop spamming whole comment sections with your outdated and half-truth nationalistic nonsense. I told you in the other video as well, some months ago.
The most famous heroes of the *Greek* War of Independence were *Greeks* . Names such as Karaiskakis, Kolokotronis, Papaflessas, Diakos, Nikitaras, Kanaris, Anagnostaras, Mavrogenous, are just a few. And thousands upon thousands of Greek fighters such as Maniots, Agrafiots/Sarakatsani, Sfakians, and Greek Klephts and Armatoloi. In fact, we have the names of all, stored in the National Library of Greece (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted). There was a certain committee which was established in 1846, in order to remunerate and compensate the fighters of 1821, and that's how we know of all; literally thousands of names.
Theodoros Kolokotronis was Greek; fully Greek to be precise. Instead of digging up baseless sources, you might as well read his memoirs (yes he wrote memoirs) where he identifies as a Greek, and gives a short background of his family as well. In his memoirs we learn that the earliest attested region of the family is Ρουπάκι, at the borders of Arcadia and Messenia, which up until 1670 had the name of Κότσικας, which is a diminutive of Κωνσταντίνος/Constantine. Furthermore, in the Ottoman census of Peloponnese in the 1460s which made an ethnic distinction between Greeks and Albanians, that village is recorded as having a purely Greek population comprised of 21 houses. Furthermore, it is a known fact that Theodoros Kolokotronis couldn't even speak Albanian as a second language; Kolokotronis' secretary, Theodoros Rigopoulos, in his own memoirs mentions the existence of a sister of Theodoros who was abducted as a child by the Turks. When Theodoros Kolokotronis went to Albania as an envoy of the French, he met her there where she lived as the wife of an imam. She and her husband knew her origins. Brother and sister hugged with tears but could not speak because the woman didn't speak Greek, while Kolokotronis didn't speak Albanian. We even have a descendant of his who has tested his Y-DNA (patrilineal DNA), and it shows that he belonged to a rare Greek haplogroup that has been in Greece way more than a 1000 years, meaning way before there was any migration of Albanians to the south, and is even totally absent from all Albanians; namely I-A480.
Now, let's touch upon the Souliotes, such as Markos Botsaris and Kitsos Tzavelas. Souliotes were a bilingual community, that had mixed Greek-Albanian origin. There are many sources that support this. Also, regarding their two dialects, Markos Botsaris himself wrote a dictionary. Specifically, Markos wrote the dictionary in 1809 when he was 19 years of age, on the island of Corfu after the request of French Philehellene François Pouqueville. After the dictionary was finished Markos gave it to Pouqueville, whom with his turn donated it to the National Library of Paris, where the original continues to be. According to Pouqueville's notes, Markos Botsaris wrote the dictionary with the help of his father Kitsos Botsaris, his uncle Notis Botsaris and his father-in-law Christakis Kalogeros. The whole dictionary was written with Greek letters, and it included 1494 Albanian and 1701 Greek entries. Of the Albanian entries, the 528 are loans from Greek, 187 loans from Turkish, 21 loans from Italian and 2 from other languages. What does this indicate to you? First of all that the Souliotes were bilingual in Greek and Albanian, and second, that even their Albanian dialect was almost 1/3 Greek in vocabulary. Furthermore, Titos Yochalas, who studied, analyzed, and published the dictionary in 1980, wrote that even the syntax of the Albanian dialect followed Greek rules. Imagine that. And since we touched on Markos, even the aforementioned Tzavellas left us with a document, namely his personal diary while a captive of Ali Pasha, and is written in Greek also (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted).
Even for real Arvanite-speakers such as Andreas "Miaoulis" Vokos you mentioned above, few know it but his family actually originated from the Greek-speaking town of Fylla in Euboea. Andreas Miaoulis himself writes this in a letter to Kapodistrias, which i can also share. His family arrived at Hydra in 1668, along with a number of other Greek families from throughout the Greek world. Sorry to disappoint you, but both Hydra and Spetses had a very mixed population, even though Arvanitika prevailed as a language because it was established on the two islands from prior of the 17th century, and most immigrants came after 1668.
@𐔟𐔓𐔍𐔠𐔇𐔙𐔛𐔀𐔐 The surname of Kolokotronis is explained by him in his memoirs. The name "Bythegouras" (Μπιθεγκούρας), is nothing more but a nickname that was originally given to Theodoros' grandfather, Giannis, by an Arvanite, because he had strong butt/legs, and of course the Kolokotroni family, being exclusively Greek-speaking, translated it into Greek, "Kolokotronis" (Κολοκοτρώνης), and was hence passed on to the descendants. The father of Giannis was called Botzikas. Botzikas' father was Dimos Tzerginis. The father of Dimos was Dimitrakis Tzerginis. And with Dimitrakis' father we reach the progenitor of the family, Triantaphyllakos Tzerginis. Now, even though i can give your a Greek etymology for this first original surname, i can tell you with certainty that this is obviously a mistake; either from the oral tradition of the family or from when the memoirs were published. I say this because there have been two Greek members in the aforementioned I-A480 haplogroup, whose surname is "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης), and we even have one of those who wrote in a newspaper article that Kolokotronis actual historical surname was not "Tzerginis" (Τζεργίνης), but "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης) or "Tzertzinis" (Τζερτζίνης); i do have a copy but i cannot share the URL here because my comment will get deleted. Furthermore, if you go at the Greek online application "Από πού κρατάει η σκούφια σου;" at the website "apps . vrisko . gr", whichs shows the distribution of all Greek surnames, and you search for these exact surnames, you will see that it's not possible for the real surname to have been Τζεργίνης or Τσεργίνης, because nobody has them. But, if we search for Τζωρτζίνης or Τζερτζίνης, there is a significant distribution in Messenia, specifically for the former. That is important, because Kolokotronis in his memoirs says that some 60 families in Messenia also bore his original family surname. By the way, "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης) is a Greek rendering of the Italian diminutive for George; "Giorgino". This is probably due to the relationship that the head of the family, Triantaphyllakos had with the Genoese admiral Andrea Doria, who had tried to start a revolution against the Turks around 1532, but failed. Although I do not know why "George". Maybe it was his patronymic. I could add more, but these should clear some things out.
European governments: "Yeah, the greeks are right about their self-determination, but we shouldn't get involved in that mess..."
Philhellenes: "Don't expect us for dinner, because we're going on an adventure!"
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111.
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
@@giorgioviras8266 My sources are not Albanian so it is not Albanian propaganda ...
My sources are considered reliable, just look at my sources.
But of course the Greeks will say that my sources are propaganda because the truth hurts them.
And my sources are approved by historiography.
@@giorgioviras8266 First of all I open a parenthesis about the name of Albania or Albanians quoted by Strabo (around 58-21/25) in the 1st century BC and Claudius Ptolemy (around 100 - 170 AD) in the 2nd century AD.
It derives from the name of an Illyrian tribe, the Albanoi, which was located around the city of Albanopolis (now Zgërdhesh located in the region of Krujë).
Moreover, even today, a region of Albania, from the north of Tirana (between the rivers Mat and Erzen), is called Albëni (gheg dialect) or Arbëri (tosk dialect).
But this name Albanoi with its various variants (Arbanites, Arvanites, Arvanitis, Arvanos, Arban, Arbani, Arbanon, Arnavuts, Arnauts, Arbëri, Arbër, Arbëni, Arbën, Albën, Albanois, or Albanians) really began to spread when the Albanian territories became a field of hostility and a buffer zone between Byzantines and the new Slavic invaders (Serbs, Croats etc.. ...) towards the beginning of the seventh century AD.
Several writers of the eleventh century, including Michel Attaliate and Jean Skyltzes, have recounted this kind of confrontation and widely spoken of these Albanian mountain tribes.
It is the Angevin chancelleries (Charles I of Anjou, brother of St Louis, proclaimed himself king of Albania in 1272) which, in the 13th century, conveyed the name of Albanian or Albanians, which spread rapidly, like wildfire, throughout Europe.
It should be noted that the Albanians never use this name (Albanian) to designate their own ethnic group: they call themselves Shqiptar, that is to say son or child of the eagle.
Source 📜 : Albanie: histoire du Moyen Age au XXe s, P.54, Mathieu AREF (Histoire et langue) ou l'incroyable Odyssée d'un peuple préhellénique.
@@giorgioviras8266 New facts about Kolokotronis and Marko Botsaris ethnicity,both of them were Arvanites (Albanian) . The name "Kolokotronis " is translation of his original surname (in Albanian or Arvanite dialect) "Bythguri",. Before surname "Bythguri" alias "Kolokotronis" ,they were named "Çergjini"
Source 📜 : Greek Documentary "1821".
Teodor Çergjini nicknamed "Bithëguri" (later translated and adopted into Greek by Kolokotroni) was an Albanian Orthodox (Arvanite) from Greece and the most emblematic leader of the Greek-Turkish wars of 1821.
He was an Arvanite (Albanian by blood) but influenced by Greek culture and the Greek Orthodox Church (from an Orthodox family)
He lived in a typical Arvanite (kleft) warlord lifestyle (caravan thieves), wore traditional Albanian Arvanite clothes.
Arvanite traditional clothes = Fustanella = Origins =
Fustanella is a traditional and warlike garment for men, worn by the Albanians, LATER by the Greeks and other Balkan nations (Influence).
Objects from the Illyrian (🇦🇱) period describing the dress have been found in Slovenia, Korça and in the district of Durrës.
In Albania, the fustanella was the official uniform of the royal guard and continues to be used by polyphonic groups, while in Greece, a shortened type of frock coat continues to be used by military ceremonial units such as the Evzones.
In Illyria, dresses of the fustanella nature are present since the 5th century BC. Thus in Maribor, Slovenia, an Illyrian (🇦🇱) sculpture with a dress was discovered.
Source 📜 : Fig 162 - Burrë me Fustanellë (gur i gjetur në Maribor të Sllovenis shek. V p.e.r)
Maxwell : “The foustanela, like the Scottish kilt or Lady Llanover’s Cambrian Costumes, provides ample material for authenticity-fabrication debates, not least because its origins apparently lie in Albania. During the Greek independence war, however, its Greek connotations became so powerful that foreign Philhellenes adopted it to show their sympathy for the Greek cause. Henry Bradfield, a surgeon who served in Greece, observed one English gentleman who tried to make a foustanela from a sheet. Philhellene enthusiasm for the foustanela survived knowledge of its Albanian origins; Philhellene William Whitcombe described the foustanela as a light Albanian kilt” in his 1828 memoirs.”
Source 📜 : pp. 170-171
St. Clair 1972, p. 232 📜 : “Gradually, more and more Greeks found ways of getting themselves on the Government’s pay roll. The money was never accounted for in detail. A captain would simply contract to provide a number of armed men and draw pay for that number. Again, the opportunities for embesslement were eagerly seized. Anyone who could muster any pretensions to a military status appreared in Nauplia demanding pay. It was probably at this time that the Albanian dress made its decisive step towards being regarded as the national dress of Greece. The Government party, being largely Albanians themselves, favoured the dress and a version of it was common among the Greek klephts and armatoli. Now it seemed that anyone who donned an Albanian dress could claim to be a soldier and share in the bonanza.” 📜 St. Clair, William (1972). That Greece Might Still be Free: The Philhellenes in the War of Independence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Skafidas p. 148 📜: “The modern fustanella appears in Greece worn by Albanians, and especially the Arvanites, as Greeks of Albanian ancestry were called, most of whom fought alongside the Greeks against the Turks in the long war of independence.” 📜Skafidas, Michael (2009). “Fabricating Greekness: From Fustanella to the Glossy Page”. In Paulicelli, Eugenia; Clark, Hazel. The Fabric of Cultures: Fashion, Identity, and Globalization. New York and Oxford: Taylor & Francis (Routledge). pp. 145-163.
Angelomatis-Tsougarakis 1990, 📜
p. 106: “On the other hand, Albanian dress was daily becoming more fashionable among the other nationalities. The fashion in the Morea was attributed to the influence of Ydra, an old Albanian colony, and to the other Albanian settlements in the Peloponesse. Ydra, however, could not have played a significant part in the development since its inhabitants did not wear the Albanian kilt but the clothes common to other islanders. In the rest of Greece it was the steadily rising power of Ali Pasha that made the Albanians a kind of ruling class to be imitated by others. The fact that the Albanians dress was lighter and more manageable than the dress the Greek upper classes used to wear also helped in spreading the fashion. It was not unusual even for the Turks to have their children dressed in Albanian costume, although it would have been demeaning for them to do so themselves.”
Welters, p. 59📜: “According to old travel books, the nineteenth-century traveler could readily identify Greek-Albanian peasants by their dress. The people and their garb, labeled as “Albanian”, were frequently described in contemporary written accounts or depicted in watercolours and engravings. The main components of dress associated with Greek-Albanian… men an outfit with a short full skirt known as the foustanella.”; p. 59-61📜. “Identifying the Greek-Albanian man by his clothing was more difficult after the Greek war of Independence, for the so-called “Albanian costume” became what has been identified as the “true” national dress on the mainland of Greece. In admiration for the heroic deeds of the Independence fighters, many of whom were Arvanites, a fancy version of the foustanella was adopted by diplomats and philihellenes for town wear.”; Welters, Lisa (1995). 📜“Ethnicity in Greek dress”. In Eicher, Joanne. Dress and ethnicity: Change across space and time. Oxford: Berg Publishers. pp. 53-77.
Fantastic video keep it up your doing amazing job
When will you bring the 3rd episode? Can't wait ;)
Nice Work. After this series you should make a series about Turkish War of Independence.
NO dont say that especially now becuase on 19 of may 1919 the turks started the pontic genocide where 330.000 greeks were killed, dont forget about the assyrians and the armenians
And don't forget Air Nation, Earth Nation, Water Tribes and Elves
coward Turks also killed them.
@@bariuslippius true, but turks are egoistic and won't recognise their actions
It's an extraordinary to see that Egypt could raise such a large number of highly weaponized navy ships in a campaign against Greece, early 19th century!
The nejd expedition may have been even more impressive
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
@𐔟𐔓𐔍𐔠𐔇𐔙𐔛𐔀𐔐 (i am not linking his username because he blocked me, AGAIN, and when i go to reply to him the system doesn't accept my comment)
Stop spamming whole comment sections with your outdated and half-truth nationalistic nonsense. I told you in the other video as well, some months ago.
The most famous heroes of the *Greek* War of Independence were *Greeks* . Names such as Karaiskakis, Kolokotronis, Papaflessas, Diakos, Nikitaras, Kanaris, Anagnostaras, Mavrogenous, are just a few. And thousands upon thousands of Greek fighters such as Maniots, Agrafiots/Sarakatsani, Sfakians, and Greek Klephts and Armatoloi. In fact, we have the names of all, stored in the National Library of Greece (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted). There was a certain committee which was established in 1846, in order to remunerate and compensate the fighters of 1821, and that's how we know of all; literally thousands of names.
Theodoros Kolokotronis was Greek; fully Greek to be precise. Instead of digging up baseless sources, you might as well read his memoirs (yes he wrote memoirs) where he identifies as a Greek, and gives a short background of his family as well. In his memoirs we learn that the earliest attested region of the family is Ρουπάκι, at the borders of Arcadia and Messenia, which up until 1670 had the name of Κότσικας, which is a diminutive of Κωνσταντίνος/Constantine. Furthermore, in the Ottoman census of Peloponnese in the 1460s which made an ethnic distinction between Greeks and Albanians, that village is recorded as having a purely Greek population comprised of 21 houses. Furthermore, it is a known fact that Theodoros Kolokotronis couldn't even speak Albanian as a second language; Kolokotronis' secretary, Theodoros Rigopoulos, in his own memoirs mentions the existence of a sister of Theodoros who was abducted as a child by the Turks. When Theodoros Kolokotronis went to Albania as an envoy of the French, he met her there where she lived as the wife of an imam. She and her husband knew her origins. Brother and sister hugged with tears but could not speak because the woman didn't speak Greek, while Kolokotronis didn't speak Albanian. We even have a descendant of his who has tested his Y-DNA (patrilineal DNA), and it shows that he belonged to a rare Greek haplogroup that has been in Greece way more than a 1000 years, meaning way before there was any migration of Albanians to the south, and is even totally absent from all Albanians; namely I-A480.
Now, let's touch upon the Souliotes, such as Markos Botsaris and Kitsos Tzavelas. Souliotes were a bilingual community, that had mixed Greek-Albanian origin. There are many sources that support this. Also, regarding their two dialects, Markos Botsaris himself wrote a dictionary. Specifically, Markos wrote the dictionary in 1809 when he was 19 years of age, on the island of Corfu after the request of French Philehellene François Pouqueville. After the dictionary was finished Markos gave it to Pouqueville, whom with his turn donated it to the National Library of Paris, where the original continues to be. According to Pouqueville's notes, Markos Botsaris wrote the dictionary with the help of his father Kitsos Botsaris, his uncle Notis Botsaris and his father-in-law Christakis Kalogeros. The whole dictionary was written with Greek letters, and it included 1494 Albanian and 1701 Greek entries. Of the Albanian entries, the 528 are loans from Greek, 187 loans from Turkish, 21 loans from Italian and 2 from other languages. What does this indicate to you? First of all that the Souliotes were bilingual in Greek and Albanian, and second, that even their Albanian dialect was almost 1/3 Greek in vocabulary. Furthermore, Titos Yochalas, who studied, analyzed, and published the dictionary in 1980, wrote that even the syntax of the Albanian dialect followed Greek rules. Imagine that. And since we touched on Markos, even the aforementioned Tzavellas left us with a document, namely his personal diary while a captive of Ali Pasha, and is written in Greek also (go search for it because when i include the link my comment gets deleted).
Even for real Arvanite-speakers such as Andreas "Miaoulis" Vokos you mentioned above, few know it but his family actually originated from the Greek-speaking town of Fylla in Euboea. Andreas Miaoulis himself writes this in a letter to Kapodistrias, which i can also share. His family arrived at Hydra in 1668, along with a number of other Greek families from throughout the Greek world. Sorry to disappoint you, but both Hydra and Spetses had a very mixed population, even though Arvanitika prevailed as a language because it was established on the two islands from prior of the 17th century, and most immigrants came after 1668.
@𐔟𐔓𐔍𐔠𐔇𐔙𐔛𐔀𐔐 The surname of Kolokotronis is explained by him in his memoirs. The name "Bythegouras" (Μπιθεγκούρας), is nothing more but a nickname that was originally given to Theodoros' grandfather, Giannis, by an Arvanite, because he had strong butt/legs, and of course the Kolokotroni family, being exclusively Greek-speaking, translated it into Greek, "Kolokotronis" (Κολοκοτρώνης), and was hence passed on to the descendants. The father of Giannis was called Botzikas. Botzikas' father was Dimos Tzerginis. The father of Dimos was Dimitrakis Tzerginis. And with Dimitrakis' father we reach the progenitor of the family, Triantaphyllakos Tzerginis. Now, even though i can give your a Greek etymology for this first original surname, i can tell you with certainty that this is obviously a mistake; either from the oral tradition of the family or from when the memoirs were published. I say this because there have been two Greek members in the aforementioned I-A480 haplogroup, whose surname is "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης), and we even have one of those who wrote in a newspaper article that Kolokotronis actual historical surname was not "Tzerginis" (Τζεργίνης), but "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης) or "Tzertzinis" (Τζερτζίνης); i do have a copy but i cannot share the URL here because my comment will get deleted. Furthermore, if you go at the Greek online application "Από πού κρατάει η σκούφια σου;" at the website "apps . vrisko . gr", whichs shows the distribution of all Greek surnames, and you search for these exact surnames, you will see that it's not possible for the real surname to have been Τζεργίνης or Τσεργίνης, because nobody has them. But, if we search for Τζωρτζίνης or Τζερτζίνης, there is a significant distribution in Messenia, specifically for the former. That is important, because Kolokotronis in his memoirs says that some 60 families in Messenia also bore his original family surname. By the way, "Tzortzinis" (Τζωρτζίνης) is a Greek rendering of the Italian diminutive for George; "Giorgino". This is probably due to the relationship that the head of the family, Triantaphyllakos had with the Genoese admiral Andrea Doria, who had tried to start a revolution against the Turks around 1532, but failed. Although I do not know why "George". Maybe it was his patronymic. I could add more, but these should clear some things out.
Damn it, currently making a project on this, it's a shame you haven't released the next part yet xD still, enormous thanks for all this
Love it KnG. You're the best ❤
Is this when Egypt also tried to invade the Ottoman Empire to reform it? Well, too bad. The French, British, and Russians aren’t gonna let a reformed Ottoman Empire destroy their exploitation in the middle-east 😅
To be fair France was going to support Egypt but that resulted in the Fashoda incident.
Kolokotronis actually took back estern Morea in 1927 and maniosts defended their land successfully,theses battles are all important and interesting,will you talk about it?And thank you for your great work.
Thank you Kings and Generals Team.
Eagerly waiting for next episode
How much manscape product do I need to buy for these guys to keep pumping out great content......
Some should be enough :-)
@@KingsandGenerals on it!!!
Sultan Mahmut: „I command you to crush this rebellion!“
Mehmet Ali: „Ok i‘ll do it, but only because i want to.“
Muhammad Ali*
Not really.
Every day there is something new to learn in this channel
Can't wait for next episode
Like Kolokotronis said, "If it wasn't for that damn civil war, we would have captured Constantinople by now".
Lol. Kolokotroni would have captured my balls.
Greeks didnt captured Istanbul in 1920 with the help of Brits,French and Russians, got their ass kicked. i dont think that some Albanian thievs and Aromanian thievs could have a chance against a regular Ottoman Army. Albanian irregulars were not paid thats why your Albanain Orthodox thievs won.
@@Echapolus yah
@@Echapolus yah
If Mahmud Sultan did not execute Ali Pasha of Yannina, would the rebellion still happened? Aside from some controversial stuffs in the eyes of the West, Ali Pasha is quite a good and capable ruler. To be exact, the Albanian Pashaliks and the Khedivate of Egypt would have become the successor states of the Ottoman Empire eventually if the Europeans did not intervene. And the best way to do that is to keep Ali Pasha as the ruler of his de facto independent realm.
P.S: Start a civil war in a middle of a war against a foreign superpower is a bad idea. The good example of this mess is the Old Sith Empire because while the two Dark Lords of the Sith were at each other's throats, one of them also led a war against the Galactic Republic as well. And before they know it, the Republic and the Jedi retaliated by putting an end to their entire civilization.
Ali pasha wanted to replace the ottoman sultan and that cost him his head ( literally)
According to one old legend, Ali asked Cosmas Aitolos if he going to " get" to Constantinople ( meaning conquer)
Cosmas replied" yes but your beard will be red "
According to the legend after his death ( his was shot thought the wooden floor he was standing) he was decapitated and the head was sent to Constantinople as a proof of his death
But yes fighting eachother when you are facing an existential threat is .. not advisable 😏
I think the correct term would be remove, since Ali Pasha was executed in 1822, one year after the revolution began. However, the decision to fire him was made in 1820. Ironically, in his rebellion, Ali Pasha used Souliots and klephts to fight against the Ottomans, when he had went after them earlier in his reign.
@@angusyang5917 also allot of his klephts like karaiskakis for example eventually joined the Greek revolution
By the way, the greatest heroes of Greek independence against the Ottoman Empire, were Arvanites/Souliotes (Albanians).
The most famous of them were (they have Greek names because they assimilated):
⚔🇦🇱🦅=
- ⚔Theodoros Kolokotrónis
- ⚔ Markos Botzaris
- ⚔Kítsos Tzavélas
- ⚔Dimitrios Plapoutas
- ⚔Georgios Kountouriotis
- ⚔Laskarina Bouboulina
- ⚔Lazaros Kountouriotis
- ⚔Andreas Vokos
- ⚔Antonios Kriezis
Etc. (the fighters of 1821 were Arvanites/Souliotes)
Source📜: Cambridge Liberary collection
A HISTORY OF GREECE, volume 6, the greek revolution, part 1
George Finlay : The Albanians p.34
- Colocotroni (Kolokotronis) who was once in our service, and who has since, it will be remembered, made his mark in Greece. He is an Albanian, and as one recognizes it, a kleftis... He and his companions, (seven or eight), desperate Albanians like him, are here pursued by the Turks...
Source📜: Selections, My Journal, The Mediterranean, London, Greece.p.111
@@Universal.. I guess you start the Albanian propaganda
thanks. great work
Thank you for this 🙏
This is my response to an Albanian propagandist trying to claim Greek history in the comment section, I suggest any other Albanian propagandists take a read of this aswell:
The Arvanites were a minority group in Greece, they migrated to Greece during the late middle ages and inhabited small parts of the mainland, the Arvanites self-identified as Greek, fought for the Greek cause, and would later assimilate into Greek culture entirely. It would have been impossible for the Arvanites to make up the majority of Greek revolutionaries, volunteers came from all over Greece, some even came from Anatolia, Serbia, and Romania, in fact, most Albanians fought for the Ottomans, remember, the large majority of Albanians were Muslim and were quick to submit to Ottoman authority, the Arvanites were a small group of Albanian orthodox Christians that fled to Greece after the Ottomans conquered their homeland, their Muslim counterparts outnumbered them 0-1.
Sources:
- Mark Mazower, 2021, "The Greek Revolution: 1821 and the Making of Modern Europe". P34
- Alfred Philippson, 2006, Zur Ethnographie Peloponnes, Pettersmans Mitteilungen. P217
- John L. Comstock, History of the Greek Revolution; compiled from official documents of the Greek Government; and other authentic sources, New York, W.D. Reed, 1828.
- i.pinimg.com/originals/07/b7/97/07b797c06e13d2a09fca317a9e827df6.jpg (map of the Arvanite settlements in Greece)
I suggest that you read over your comment again, because you make absolutely zero sense, you're assuming that the Greek language, a language that has evolved and that has been passed down from generation to generation for thousands of years suddenly faded out of existence and made an abrupt return after the Greek war of independence? Please provide at least one source for your claims. If you knew anything about our language, you would know how it has evolved throughout history and how it came to the state that it is in today.
Sources:
- qph.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-82cee8dc825b1a2f33c24c2d1cb83b72-pjlq
- wedaneushome.files.wordpress.com/2019/01/language.jpg
Your arguments show that you know absolutely nothing about Greek history. You assume that the people living in Greece during the Ottoman occupation weren't Greek because they called themselves Romans, allow to give you a brief history lesson. As you know, the Byzantine empire was completely Hellenised, the official language of the empire was Greek, the official religion was Greek orthodoxy, the capital city of Constantinople was founded on the Ancient Greek colony of Byzantium, and the majority of the empire was made up of ethnic Greeks/Greek speaking peoples. So you may ask, "then why did the Byzantines call themselves Romans and not Greeks?", this is the because the Byzantines saw themselves as the successors of Rome and wanted to detach themselves from the term 'Hellene' as they believed it had polytheistic routes, this carried on up until the late 18th - early 19th century.
60% percent of Greeks are assimilated Albanians? Please stop making up statistics, the scientific evidence goes against each and everyone of your claims. In 2017, researchers tested the DNA of 30 modern Greeks and compared it to the remains of Minoan and Mycenaean people, they found a lot of genetic overlap. The researchers concluded that modern Greeks share similar proportions of DNA from the same ancestral sources as the Mycenaeans.
Source:
- www.science.org/content/article/greeks-really-do-have-near-mythical-origins-ancient-dna-reveals
🤣🤣🤣 That hurts you so much.. We can't change the reality because of you..
@@pripri632 Try to respond to my arguments then, you obviously can't. You Albanian ultra nationalistis pump out all of this anti-Greek propaganda yet you can't even defend your beliefs when they're criticised, you're unable to respond to any of the points of I've made, all you can do is pump out this pathetic propaganda that you yourself can't even defend 💀
@@pripri632 Xaxaxaxa
You are funny with the answer you gave !!
I wonder have you ever open a book!!!
Have you visit an ancient greek city in albania or meseum or to a greek church in albania?.
You are a victim of propaganda
An invention of italian fascist that gave you identify eyerything based on greek history heroes kastriotis ....to harm hellenism did you understand that..ok untill then you didn have identity !!
All albania is full of greek in any period of time!!!
All your names are of greek origin !!
No even one battle against turks
No even in Balkan. Wars because you hade no identity
You spiritual were greeks
First book you write in 20century
First time you learn kastriotis in 20 century
Arvanites are from Arvanon of Epirus of greek origin dna greek are Hpeirotes !!! culture greek consciousness who declared in all books the give their life for hellenism !!!!
no Albanian!
And spoke a a albanogreek dialekt a dialekt like many dialekts in North..with cutting greek words .
Which albanian descent from greek latin to 80 %ok 80 !!!with other slavic and turkish words !!!
And you give me two words in a false meaning xaxaxaxa
Like
,many makedonian fighters who spoke a slavogreek dialekt in balkan wars and give their life for hellenism
I know you can handle the truth because you are brainwashed
Make a test dna
You are a greek descent afilliated in a modern artificial nation state like turkey and skopia .....
Or you are from kaukasus because
Alvanian dna doesnt exist!!
And you have Caucasian characteristics no greek !!
Thats you have greek origin , greek culture , and a tosk greek origin dialekt !!
Victim of propaganda to learn to hate your roots..
Come to your roots or go to kaukasus as barbian your are ,
katsap ades
Have a nice day
AMAZING ANALYSIS
AMAZING ANALYSIS WITH HISTORICAL FACTS AND SOURCES. MY ABSOLUTE RESPECT
Respect to 🇬🇷 from 🇺🇸. Our founding fathers admired Ancient Greece very much
We are eternally grateful to all Americans who sailed to Greece and fought for our freedom, like George Jarvis mentioned in 16:40
Modern greeks have nothing to do with ancient ones though as this documentary proves.
@@torikeqi8710 Cope
@@torikeqi8710 tourkoalbanos
Excellent video 📹
Well done!