These Solar-Powered Carnivorous Flatworms Divide and Conquer | Deep Look
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- Опубликовано: 25 мар 2024
- Tiny marine flatworms called acoels hunt for prey in coral reefs. They're referred to as “plant-animals'' because they've got a partnership with photosynthetic algae that live inside of them. But this acoel's real superpower is its ability to regenerate any part of its body!
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DEEP LOOK is an ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED in San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small.
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Researchers are studying a species of tiny marine flatworm called an acoel that has some surprisingly amazing abilities, despite being smaller than a grain of rice.
“They have two very obvious superpowers,” says Dania Nanes Sarfati, a researcher at Stanford University who studies acoels.
“They are able to regenerate any part of their body. And they also have a very intimate relationship with algae that they keep inside their bodies that they exchange energy and other nutrients with. When you look at them, they just look like a little worm, but if you look inside you can see there's this green photosynthetic algae that are living between the acoel cells.”
In addition to catching prey to eat, acoels will flatten themselves out in sunny spots so that their photosynthetic internal algae can absorb sunshine.
“It’s like they’re on vacation every day,” says Nanes Sarfati.
--- What are acoels?
Acoels are a group of small, simple, soft-bodied flatworms that mostly live in marine environments. Acoels lack a permanent but they do have a mouth that they use to eat prey.
--- What do acoels eat?
Acoels eat tiny prey like planktonic plants and animals that float in the water. An acoel will expand its head like a net to engulf its prey and then jam its meal into its mouth.
--- How do you pronounce acoel?
Acoel is pronounced “a seal.”
---+ Find additional resources and a transcript on KQED Science:
www.kqed.org/science/1991736/...
---+ For more information:
Acoels by Sarah J. Bourlat and Andreas Hejnol
www.cell.com/current-biology/...
Sikes Lab at University of San Francisco
sikesj61.wixsite.com/sikeslab
Dania Nanes Sarfati
biox.stanford.edu/people/dani...
---+ More great Deep Look episodes:
Want a Whole New Body? Ask This Flatworm How | Deep Look
• Want a Whole New Body?...
The Undying Hydra: A Freshwater Mini-Monster That Defies Aging | Deep Look
• The Undying Hydra: A F...
This Snail Goes Fishing With a Net Made of Slime | Deep Look
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Forbidden cornflakes
*creepy whisper* They're Grrrreat!
🐅
danger flakes
Why are they forbidden? They are delicious
@@TragoudistrosMPHOH NO
Thumbnail looks like fortune cookies
Tardigrade: I'm immortal!
Acoels: Hold my poop!
If they start working together, we are in trouble.
@@KQEDDeepLooki think acoela belong in the subphylum acoelomorpha, so they arnt flatworms.
@@thehantavirus they are not within the phylum platyhelminthes but they are indeed flat and worms.
I'm not overweight... I'm overpopulated.
Fair
Both
Flatworm math: 1 - ½ = 3 👌
Lmao
1 flatworm existing in 3 states all at once. Sounds like quantum physics to me :)
The Math maths!
You have to round up... duh!🙃
Underrated comment. Please divide the likes in half to receive 3x the current value!😁
Whenever there is a flatworm, there's almost always a scalpel. It's almost like a symbiotic relationship. 😆
Scalpel: mmmm stem cells😋🔪
Scalpel: mmmm stem cells😋🔪
Scalpel: mmmm stem cells 😋🔪
@@snapslingpeavine1371 Replicating comments!? How fitting. XD
Idk why but flatworms are weirdly cute to me, like their lil faces are adorable
We agree!
They look like strawberries
I get it. 😂 They're like Pikachu's to me. Same with Tardigrades😂
You should kiss one!
They’re just so weird they’re cute!
I don't like flatworms but for this orange cornflakes, I'll give an exception
Planaria are cute
>be flatworm
>get ripped in half lengthwise
>relatively minor injury
>regenerate 300%
life is good
also spontaneously rip themselves apart anyway
@@tosyl_chloride "i dont like how my back feels" *rips* *itself*
@@humanhuman7280"time to make another one"
*casually rips a new backhole by itself*
When someone says flatworms, what usually comes to mind is like, tapeworms or the hammerhead worm which is invasive and nasty. These are....kind of cute.
Their cheery orange color helps!
@@KQEDDeepLook does their color come from the creature they eat? it looks like artemia nauplii, maybe a copepod
@@magnumopus9058they said it contains toxens to keep predators away.
and aquatic planaria that also divide and are predators
the fact that the butt splits into TWO heads, is just, as horrifying as it is awesome
the ass hydra
Makes sense though 1 head per cheek
From two cheeks to eight.
Well.
* pushes bowl of corn flakes away *
Sorry about that
*Corn flakes crawl back to you*
Russian cornflakes
Chinese -knockoff- cornflakes
Eep
1:15 "you wouldn't kiss a butt" Oh, Laura, sweet summer child Laura...
NOOO LEAVE LAURA ALONE DONT RUIN HER INNOCENCE 😔
That felt more like Frank's line honestly 😅
Don't french-kiss a nudibranch
u il diiiie *SLUUURP*
No self respecting person would*
Well, we don't know the other side of Laura
Wew, guys, just stop, ok
Man, i just love these solar powered, immortal, poop spitting, orange sea cornflakes.
😂😂😂😂😂😂
You always amaze me with strange creatures that I never knew existed on Earth
We try!
@@KQEDDeepLook And you never fail!
Wow, organisms like this make me excited to learn what alien life will look like.
Surely unrecognizable in many cases!
I also wonder if one day we humans too might genetically modify ourselves with something like this to help sustain us as we embark on (very) long, lonely journeys through space in search of new habitable worlds. The ability to self-photosynthesize, whether through symbiotic algae living in our skin or modifying our own cells to contain chlorophyll, could be a massive gamechanger in long-term survival/sustainability on space flights without needing to carry a lot of stored food with us.
Dancing acoel 0:18
Edit:
- Acoel: "NUH UH-"
That very first image reminds me of the Hungry, Hungry Hippos game. Lol
Wow - yes!
The sound effects this episode are golden!
I expecially like the one when the flatworms eat 😅
The activity of a reef looks more like a city then a rain forest
Now this is a real life Pokemon
Indeed - what should it's name be?
I can't begin to imagine the knowledge we'll gain from studying these.
Wow! Never heard of these little guys. Thank you for posting. And for the fun script and narrator.
Glad you enjoyed it!
The sound and music team definitely killed it this episode! Those sounds when the worms slurped something up were so funky!
Pretty fun getting another visit of flatworms. What strange little critters they are!
I remember your first flatworm video, also dedicated how from two chunks, each can regrow new body rest. I did also heard about some photosynthetic flatworms, just green and freshwater. Even with that, it's cool to introduce to audience new species I never heard before for sure!
Great! Here's a link to our first flatworm video on planaria, for those that have not seen it. It goes into even more detail about regeneration: ruclips.net/video/m12xsf5g3Bo/видео.html
I’ve never heard of the word Holobiont, but I’ve definitely seen them in different sci fi media, love that I get to see it in real life and put a name to such a cool relationship!
“You wouldn’t want to kiss one”
Thanks for the warning, Deep look. I was just about to kiss one, you saved me
Glad we could be of service.
5 minutes of pure amazing infotainment! Deep Peeps you guyz rock!!!
I think their tiny lil tails are adorable :3
I’m glad you dropped this before April 1st because I almost thought this creature wasn’t real
I liked how you guys did make another sea-creature video after following up with your playlist on my previous reply. Loved it!! Thanks.
Glad you enjoyed it!
Another awesome video!
Glad you enjoyed it!
good god this channel is amazing. Another amazing creature I knew nothing about that I'm now obsessed with.
Glad you enjoy it!
splitting into 3 parts is an idea for a horror movie !
True!
This was the coolest one yet I think!!
Endlich ein neues Video, super !!
The flatworm sure has an interesting way of life for sure!
Watching things swallow each other alive gives me the creeping horrors. Thanks!
You and me both!
Fascinating thanks for the great work.🎉
that is really cool
Love watching these videos when I'm about to fall asleep or when I'm anxious, the narrator always has a calm voice and it's nice to calm down and learn some animal facts at the same time!
I always thought it was funny that we consider life forms like this so different when almost every animal has multiple symbiotic bacterial colonies inside them. Each living thing is more of a collective than an individual. Every cell has a life and a birth and a death. It’s just where do we want to draw the line.
Great point! The holobiont distinction for this animal does seem too arbitrary
You're twisting my melon, man :P
But I don't think cutting off a human butt would suddenly birth two new humans.
@@HowManyHintsDoYouNeed that’s…not at all what I’m referring to. I’m referring to lives living within a larger life.
You seem to have gotten stuck on functionality lol.
@@darksoals oh so you weren't making a logical comment. My bad.
1:12 "You mean rat hole to rat hole!? 🤢" -Tiger (Future Man)
(Great show!)
Absolutely fantastic video, as always!
Glad you enjoyed it!
Congratulations, it's twins
Thank you!!
This is why I love this channel, I consider myself pretty knowledgeable in biology, yet you guys can, and do, surprise me with organisms I have never heard about! Usually
a regeneration story talks about planaria. This particular, and particularly interesting, flat worm I didn't know. Good job, and thanks!
❤
would have been so cool to see a timelapse of the growth of another!
*THIS IS INSANE*
Well, that was absolutely fascinating. It's as if these flatworms are the missing link bridging plants and animals.
Flatworms are some of my favourite animals, such strange dudes
There are two unrelated phyla of flatworms: Platyhelminthes and Xenacoelomorpha
Coral & reef fishes are the staple of documentaries. Unique ecosystems are featured there. Despite its number covering the surface here & there, it's never been seen, let alone referred to! Few among viewers, however, might be aware of this extraordinary, monstrous creature for sure! Like acoel, like Deep Look! Open-mouthed as ever!
PS. Thanks for an easy access to a research paper in description. A nice follow-up & complete viewer-friendly attention!
Flatworms are one of my favourite phylums in the animal kingdom, I'm so happy to see more videos on them :]
I really like this channel.
My favorite part of my undergraduate was working with wacky little creatures like this. Things that just look like a blob are so fun to watch groove around your petri dish.
That knife scene is really throwing me back to when y'all covered planarians
What a cool organism!
That was. AWESOME!!!
This was super cool!!!
They're so awesome! sometimes they look like little orange ghosts!
Boo!
Fascinating creature 👽👽👽👽 1:3
A GRISLY , GROTESQUE SCENE BECOMES A PLEASANT , EXCITING EXPERIEÑCE UNDER THE SOOTHING VOICE OF THE PRESENTER!!!V.W.
i always share your video with my friends and teachers
Thank you!
Now I can never look at cornflakes the same again.
Such incredible creatures! That 1-to-3 regeneration seems unique in the tree of life, but totally makes sense that it would arise through evolution. And, they're totally adorable li'l orange blobs too! XD
Hi! Loved this!!! Question, though, what predators keep their population in check?
Kudo whoever synthesized the sound effects ❤
Fascinating.
Amazing evolution with animals.
2:07 “oh foo- oh. Oh never mind I wasn’t hungry anyways”
it's like a charged up planaria
I could see that!
The one significant figure with trailing numbers that matter.
I love me some flat worms
Great! We have an episode on planaria as well: ruclips.net/video/m12xsf5g3Bo/видео.html
Slight subtitle mistake at 3:47 - you probably meant "tail" and not "tale" in "Acoels can drop their tale/tail and clone themselves"
Thanks - we'll go take a look at that.
I remember watching The Future is Wild (speculative biology of future evolution) and they had predatory worms with gardens of algae on them as well
Wild
Often those tiny bizarre creatures are in fact monstrous in their special abilities. Acoels are one of them, thanks to Deep Look, totally unfamiliar to most of us otherwise. A creature like this makes me wonder what its ability of cloning for? Is it part of representative strategy? What about genetic diversity? Hermaphrodite? Stunning!
These little guys are pretty cool 👌
so incredible
I’m so amazed at how they can regenerate! WOAAH 😯
Amazing
I ❤ deeplook
Immortal plant-animal? Yes please!
(hears mouth -pooping part)
Uh...nevermind😂
New symbiosis just dropped
I got some live rock once and had a few of these cats pop up. They were the most interesting thing in my tank that also happened to be the hatdest worker.
Nature's Deadpool
Not wrong
at 2:10, i feel that way with food sometimes after work 😅
Wow, a holobiant is the correct answer! I learned something new.
Yep!
I’m in shock!!!
Reminds me of those fantasy stories where your enemies double if you hit them. Impressive, but terrifying in a way.
Are you kidding me. This is crazy
I want to put one in my laval lamp fr 🌋
this make me remembered of creature of sonaria , this is a photocarni i remembered
WHOA!
that's awsome
I think acoels were reclassified from turbellarians (which have similar abilities) to xenocoelomorpha. so not regarded as flatworms anymore :(
Great video!
Tardigrade: are immortal
Me holding a match stick lit:
u sure about that?
love the video.
Thank you!
Funny looking dried mango slices
*Pulls out knife*
*flashbacks to the flatworm video*
Hey Deep Look, I have a question i was hoping you guys could answer: Where do you guys get the music used in all of your videos? Is it composed specifically for your channel or is it stock music you guys purchase etc?
Thank you if you reply and thank you for another amazing video!
Hi - it is composed for each episode by the talented Seth G. Samuel. :-)
I love how they look like they have little tails
Can youdo corpse flower rafflesa next?💗