Model for rotation by a Brownian ratche for the mitochondrial ATP synthase

Model for proton translocation with a Brownian ratchet in the mitochondrial ATP synthase. This model is based on the cryo-EM stucture of the ATP synthase and evolutionary covariance analysis, and includes features from the observed rotational states and substates, as well as side chain orientations from X-ray crystallography.
This work is described in detail in Zhou A, Rohou A, Schep DG, Bason JV, Montgomery MG, Walker JE, Grigorieff N, Rubinstein JL (2015). Structure and conformational states of the bovine mitochondrial ATP synthase by cryo-EM. eLife e10180. doi: 10.7554/eLife.10180.