Hospital Administration - Definition, Objectives, Functions and Classification with Mnemonic.

I. Introduction
• Hospital is an institution for the treatment, care, and cure of the sick and wounded, for the study of disease, and for the training of physicians, nurses, and allied health care personnel.
Hospital System
Hospital is an organization, that mobilizes the skills and efforts of widely divergent group of professionals, semiprofessional and non-professionals so as to provide highly personalized care to individual patients.
II. Definition
Hospital is “an integral part of a social & medical organization, the functions of which are to provide the population complete health care both curative and preventive with out-patient services reaching out to the family in its own environment and also to carry out training of health workers or functionaries and the biosocial research.” (WHO)
III. OBJECTIVES of Hospital
1. Provide optimum health services
2. Provide Care, Cure, Preventive service.
3. Protect the human rights of clients.
4. Provide training for professionals.
5. Provide in-service/continuing education in all discipline.
6. Participate/conduct research.
IV. Functions of Hospital
A. INTRA-MURAL FUNCTIONS
Therapeutic
1. Curative
2. Diagnostic
3. Rehabilitative
4. Care of emergencies
ii. Preventive
1. Antenatal and postnatal services.
2. Well baby clinics and immunization schedule.
3. Family welfare services.
4. Control of communicable diseases
5. Health education
iii. Education
1. Medical : Undergraduate, post-graduate and post- doctoral.
2. Nursing education :Undergraduate, post-graduate and doctoral.
3. Specialty
4. Paramedical
5. Community health
iv. Research
1. Clinical medicine
2. Hospital administration.
B. Extra mural Function
i. Out-patient services
ii. Home care / Out-reach / Domiciliary services
V. Classification of Hospital
According to:
A. Function
B. Length of Hospital care
C. Size
D. Management
E. Objective
F. System of Medicine
G. Clinical Basis
H. Ownership / Control.
A. Function
a. Primary Hospital
PHC
b. Secondary Hospital
- CHC. Taluka HQ hosp, Sub divisional hospital etc.
c. Tertiary care Hospital
Distract Hospital, Medical college, Super specialty
B. Length of Hospital care
1. Short term
2. Long Term
C. Size
a. PHC : 4- 6 Beds
b. CHC: 25 - 30 Beds,
c. Taluka HQ. Hosp - 31-100 beds
d. Dist. Hosp. -100 - 500 beds
e. Teaching / Medical colleges Hospitals: Above 500
D & H. Management & Ownership / Control
1. Public / Govt. Hospital
i. Union/ Central / National Govt.
Autonomous - MoHFW.
E.g. AIMS, NIMHANS etc.
ii. State Govt. / Regional
ESI Hospitals, Prison Hospitals etc.
iii. Local Bodies
Panchayat - PHC,
At Block Level - CHC,
Taluka Level - Taluka HQ hospital, Sub- Divisional level
District: District Hospital.
2. Semi-Govt. / Semi-Autonomous
Self-ruling, free, independent, sovereign, self- sufficient, self-governing, self-determining bodies.
E.g. Military Hospital, Railway Hospital etc.
3. Cooperative Hospitals
Developed in the 1930s, the cooperative hospital offered a solution to rural communities.
The management / ownership by Cooperative Hospital Service Organizations (CHSOs)
4. Voluntary Hospital
• Charitable non govt. hospitals runs with public / private funds.
• Established and incorporated under the Societies Registration Act
5. Corporate Hospitals
• Hospitals which are Public limited companies formed under the companies act.
• E.g:- Hinduja Hospital, Apollo group of hospitals etc.
6. Pvt. Hospital
• Generally owned by an individual doctor / a group of doctors
• Run the hospital on a commercial basis.
F. System of Medicine
3. Allopathy
4. Ayurveda
5. Yoga
6. Naturopathy
7. Unani
8. Siddha Hospital and
9. Homeopathy
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