ÇATALHÖYÜK: "it's about the people" - 7,000 BC mega-site revealed.
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- Опубликовано: 5 авг 2024
- In November 2023 we we visited Çatalhöyük as part of the Göbekli Tepe to Stonehenge project (buymeacoffee.com/prehistoryguys). We were not there for long, but as you can imagine, we were left with a lasting impression.
Here we present an introduction to and an overview of the site - coupled with our own personal observations and reflections. We hope you find it valuable and enlightening. For too long, it has lived in the shadow of the other Turkish mega-site some 500 miles to the east!
00:00 - What is Çatalhöyük?
04:52 - What were the houses like inside?
10:01 - Do we know what the societal structure was like at Çatalhöyük?
15:55 - What was their relationship to death?
21:28 - How many people lived there and how did they subsist?
26:18 - What about the material culture?
30:00 - What did you takeaway from visiting Çatalhöyük?
32:42 - What would you like them to find at Çatalhöyük?
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Excellent documentary! Totally professional and very informative. Thanks for the insight and all the effort you two put in to bring us such high quality work!
One of the best channels out there, to be sure, and one of the very few I *always* make time for.
Thank you both so much
As you continue to “dig deeper “ the only thing being unearthed are a boat load of “dumb ass” questions from my head. All of which would take daily 3 hour tutorials and a library full of research papers. Please keep this stuff coming. Yours, A humble chef
I discovered your channel about a month ago and I have been binge watching your back catalogue eversince. Fascinating, informative and dare I say humorous when appropriate.
It would be very interesting to hear what an archaeologist from one or the Puebloan communities would have to say about Catalhoyuk.
The oldest villages on the slopes of the Azores have a similar format. ❤
Yes it would!
Was thinking the same thing.
Was thinking the same thing.
This is such a comfortable format. It was like getting to hang out in the room with one's favorite professors. As long as I stayed quiet, they might go on for ages. I would just keep the sweet tea coming. (I'm from the southern USA. I'd supply whatever was customary to the attendees.)
You put into words very well the exact thoughts and feelings I have while watching this; also, sweet tea sounds excellent, or perhaps a nice Arnold Palmer?
I prefer a english breakfast tea blended with an earl grey (which itself is a blend) with some semi skimmed milk and no sugar. But I am not a professor and you would find my ramblings tedious at best and disconcerting at worst😂
Brilliant discussion!! Wonderfully informative!! You guys really put the pieces together with this.
Living in farming all my adult life you don’t need any ruling class all is based on water management.
Hi `these people who slime up to the surface of the pond should and must be obeyed cheat and lie their way through life and call themselves our leaders your 100% right we don’t need any of them starting with the royals of this planet
But was it not having a surplus that led to a priestly class of buerecrats ?
Water management requires a gigantic administrative bureaucracy
I like this new format guys!
Oh yes! Thank you! This is lovely.
Another great video guys! You've played a BIG part in the reason I've been visiting amazing sites throughout Europe; like Dolmen de Menga in Spain, Newgrange in Ireland, La Hougue Bie Passage Grave in Jersey UK, Ruin Stones in Sweden, Carnac in Brittanny and many... many more. Thank you.
I'm doing the same... India, UK, Spain, Egypt, Japan, US, Ireland etc I need to go back to Turkey.
@@allisonbyrd8523 If you get the chance, visit the Dolmens in South Korea.
Thank you for another interesting and informative video - living my archaeological life vicariously via your journeys and enjoying every minute.
Great mini film as always...so informative & so accessible to the non professional that requires depth & substance like myself. It's your strength guys, thankyou so much 😊
Fascinating!
This female figures, particularly the enthroned figure, seem to reinforce Maria Gambutas's theory of the mother goddess. The goddess or matriarch on the throne is seen frequently in other ancient cultures as well.
What I found interesting was the agricultural aspect of the culture with the additional presence of animal paintings, suggesting both farming and hunter-gatherer societies, which I thought you might discuss. In such a permanently settled region, I'm wondering if it's possible to speculate on the role of hunting. Did perhaps hunting parties follow the herds and return? This society seems to breach two types of existence; the wall art resembles cave paintings, which may have been a cultural memory along with a settled agricultural life and fixed burial customs.
Thanks for this video.
love the content AND the format - kudos gents!
Thank you guys. How extraordinary that this site was covered up all those years ago for us to dig up and learn how our ancestors lived. It is in almost pristine condition. I see you are selling merchandise. I want a T-shirt. Thanks!!!
I love the concept of the video. With this Q&A concept, it's more enjoyable and easier to understand the different features of the sites. :)
Thank you for sharing your knowledge with us. Appreciated.
This is your best format so far - a lot of very interesting information in a very dens time, that keeps your audience paying attention and wanting more. And as a viewer of this content is makes your mind speculate in all sort of directions. Excellent!
Have to say "excellent job!" on the efficient editing here.
So many YT channels ramble on, that I often block them, just for wasting my time.
Here, the PG team has greatly improved their "watchibility".
Super enjoyable chat that fellas :) very interesting stuff.
Çatalhöyük may be an example from the time period between 'organizing a hierarchy for practicality' and the people at the top of the hierarchy figuring out that they could use their power to 'get more' and exploit people.
Love this format! Great video guys!
This was the first major prehistoric site in Turkey that I heard about. I even had a book from the 1980's that had a chapter about it, mentioning how the houses were accessed through the roof, and there were burials under sleeping areas in the houses. It also mentioned the practice of plastering skulls to make a representation of the deceased person. It would seem that an obsidian industry was there, and obviously also there was brick making and baking of bread. If 8000 people lived there, I'd think some organisations must have existed. Something like the guilds in the Middle Ages, or a large version of tribal councils. Where there is manufacturing, one would expect trade as well. As you said, so much about the lives of people there seems alien to us, but yet intriguing. I think also the debate about whether or not a community was egalitarian has been applied to sites in the Indus Valley civilisation as well, such as Harappa and Mohenjo Daro. They are about a thousand years younger, but also larger.
That makes it about 50 year old information, nothing new here, 😊
Thank you for the documentary. It's amazing to see how incredible this excavation even we had only 5% of the entire settlement. Keep this kind of great documentary coming please!
Yay! I've been so excited about this video! 🎉
Just fascinating!!! Another great video! Love how you guys just point out that nothing is really definitive...and this culture is just fascinating to speculate over...based on things that have been found...or not found yet!
Great presentation🌍
Entrance through the roof - oh that makes so much sense.
Another fascinating video. I do hope you will visit buster ancient (Neolithic) farm for a comparison of how folk lived at the time of Stonehenge construction. I have a massive disconnect with how advanced they were in the fertile crescent, Mesopotamia & Egypt, while we seem 1000s of years behind in North west Europe! I hope you might also look into the work of Howard Crowhurst (also on YT) on the mathematics and geometry of sites like Carnac, Stonehenge and the temple of King Gudea of Girso in Mesopotamia (c2144bc) which show incredible advanced mathematics and geometry at the times! Many thanks for bringing us these stunning videos 😊
Very professional and great interpretation of the most recent science, Bravo! Loved this one.
Really excellent. Thank you felllas
Thank you! You are really on a roll… 😄
usually i dont like this kind of video style, because its associated with annoying speculation. But you guys keep your discussion limited by the evidence and dont wander off into fantasy land. so it makes this style of presentation quite engaging.
Wonderful, very informative and entertaining at the same time!😊
I'm alil late to this party, but glad I found you guys. Good stuff, thanx!
A fascinating watch…. Thanks Guys 🙏🏼🏴🥃🥃🥃
I'm just gobsmacked by your vids educating and opening new doors for me. Goodness me, for years now your content and sources have been astonishing. Thank you again!
I love the idea of a fostering, highly nurturing society. Thanks for this one, guys. It's gorgeous.
The haplogroup most closely associated with domesticating cattle also happens to be from the same region.
My guess is that these Megalithic sites were used to trade milk, cheese and grains and most importantly, livestock itself, as a means for specialized tribes to trade their excess with tribes that have made more of other things than themselves.
In short, it's the stone age version of a city, before the need for cities were a thing. It's a seasonal complex where peoples could meet and trade in common, but likely had "priests" or staff that kept the place ready for the seasonal meetings and travellers.
That's just my opinion so far.
Your explanation makes ALL the sense. I read in another comment on another video that, as you hypothesize, first sedentary settlements were a means to trade resources seasonally by different tribes. That comment also suggested that old and disabled people from all those tribes could reside all year around. Also, it could function as a warehouse for valuables and, as you said, excess of crops.
Decision making, marriages, storytelling and culture definition. I imagine their equivalents of parliaments.
Beautiful -- the information is so clearly presented and organized. This is the best documentary on the subject that I've seen so far.
perfect Saturday night viewing (in my man cave) whilst the Mrs watches the football!
What a wonderful reconstruction of those rooms...of course they were not furnished with modern lighting but that being said; fire and pil lamps would have made for a cosy place to be all tucked up in, out of the elements at night. As for group cohesion; Terence McKenna may shed some light on that.
How on earth could people live in one place for 1500+ years with BlackRock buying up huts 😏
how long a human would live like at that naked and afraid tv show right?
They paid rent
@@RonBurgess hehehe
Wonderful discussion and presentation. I felt like I was there.
One question: The very last statement I had a hard time understanding with my poor hearing, even with my earbuds: "It would be a bit of a shock if they found XXX." Found what?
Thanks to anyone for helping me.
Found a T-pillar! A bit of a Göbekli Tepe joke. Thanks for the kind words. M😊
You commented that the storage area appears to be on the north side of the dwelling, and that it is not clear why that was so. Well, you'd want your storage area to be cool. It is pretty clear to me that the north side would be the cooler side of the dwelling - south facing walls receive the most solar radiation (in the Northern Hemisphere) That is the same reason that moss tends to grow on the north side of trees.
Absolutely Fantastic! This is perhaps the most interesting and enjoyable discussion on this site I've seen to date, and I've seen quite a few. Great Format with Beautifully Edited Content! You guys never disappoint but this one of the best "RUclips-documentaries" I've seen in quite some time. Hope to see many more like this! (I'm sure it was a hell-of-a-lot of work - But Please, May We Have Some More)
Thank you for the amazingly informative videos. Keep it up please!
Fabulous! Superbly well put together - you guys doing what you do so well! Thank you.
It would be very interesting to see what impact it might have on society if we started teaching all this prehistory in primary schools and Sunday schools before we teach “history” and the baggage that goes with it.
I really like this method of editing, to go back and forth like this. It keeps the thing moving along, but still loads of good information from each PHG.
I think the burials of the elders actually suggests that *they* were the leaders--if only of their family units.
Fascinating, and I really enjoyed the format. I would be very interested to hear how they managed waste, particularly sewage, with such a high population density this would of course be hugely important. The suggested excellent life expectancy suggests they had some very efficient systems in place?
First off, very well done! Second, it seems like the community gathering place might just be up on the roofs! :)
The interview format works really well, very nice presentation!
I thank you for presenting an incredible narrative. This video is a Jewell!
Excellent work, Prehistory Guys. Thank You!
Anarchists would argue it's not a problem to organise a community of 8,000 people into an egalitarian society. It was perhaps a golden age of sorts, before the rise of the king ruled city states
There's that dawn of everything book isn't there by David Graeber and the other one. Looks very interesting
The burial characteristics you mentioned are perfectly consistent with ancestor worship. That explains both why children and young people aren’t buried in the North ends - they died before they could leave descendants - and why outsiders weren’t buried there - their descendants, if they have any, live elsewhere. Passing around a doctored skull also implies ancestor worship, or at least veneration.
The Northward burial makes sense from a symbolic point of view. Ancient peoples tended to be East-oriented due to the importance of sunrise in daily life. North, then, is on the left hand side - the side universally associated with darkness, harm, and death; the English word sinister comes from the Latin word for left hand or left side. The right hand is associated with light, life, and goodness. Thus, you live on the South side, the right side, of your East-facing world.
Really great. Another place on my bucket list to visit now.
Absolutely superb video. Thanks fellas!
Very interesting. Thank you.
Thank you so much for your very informative video
Enjoyed thoroughly.
My most favorite history lads, slamming another one out of the park, as usual💪💪 thank you for all your hard work sirs❤
Thanks for this magnificent video. It's great to see this very interesting site in it and learn so many interesting facts.
Excellent discussion. Thank you. HJ
This is AMAZING
Beautifully done, as usual.
Excellent 👌 presentation and explanation.
Very interesting, I particularly like the idea of fostering the children of others. It may just be for apprenticeship . Great job, thank you.
Listening to you guys is not only informative, but also entertaining and meditative
I wonder about the big piggy looking creature that seems to be being attacked by people, a few of whom are headless, the body looks like a pig but the ears look more like horns, the bull skulls with horns in the room lead to believe it is a bull or a bull pig hybrid. I wonder if this could be a precursor of Gilgamesh and the Bull of Heaven Inanna sent to slay him? Seems to me a lot of myths survive in some form, and maybe this wall is the beginning of that one. If I recall correctly giant rather nasty boars show up in more that one Oral History.
Those boars are still nasty....
Saw a upload the other day on how industrial revolution in the weaving industry changed many lives. It was a program on making strings, and cloths. With what you say 8k worth of folks, that's lots of cloths needed besides hides from animals. Lots of spinning needed. Lots of kids, like a skill guild to train from young age. A place to teach and produce, folks sent their youth to come to learn ?
Great dialog, thanks, good work!
Wonderful, so evocative!
Excellent documentary. Thanks.
So happy I found the channel.
Great video, thanks! I like the 'talking heads' format, but be honest; is it just you two talking to each other?
Kind of. We just asked each other those prearranged questions and this is the heavily edited composite of what came out. Thank you Lewis. M😊
@ThePrehistoryGuys Well, it's very engaging. And fascinating as always. Catal Huyuk seems like one of those early experiments in living that worked just fine , but wasn't the progenitor any later settlements. Or am I wrong about that?
In many traditions, children are raised by the family and grandparents. It preserves tradition and allows parents to work, though Mother might be near.
So did they know how to make lime plaster then ?
there´s a video at Ancient Architects, even at Gobekli Tepe there´s a sort of concrete called "terazzo", is a very interesting video about this sort of artificial stone used to make floors.
The density of built-up area point to imposibility of keeping live stock in this place ,setlement was permanent so it is centre of centraly organised hierarchic society ,some kind of protective fortifications could be discovered on the perimeter .
All the best from Costa Rica ,.,
Fascinating
If there is ANYTHING so "important" that it would interrupt my Sunday Chores,...
I want it to be THIS😊
(THEREFORE IT IS❤)
Thank you
The more we include the people of these finds the more it connectz. The ceremonial sites tend toward the history of the 1 percent. We know society and culturez are people driven.
Bricks! Bricks! The difference between a child with Lego, and a child without.
The way they dealt with their dead has some serious Norman Bates serial killer vibes 😮
Funnily, the pictures remind me of Creta, but the roof culture is like the Pueblo Indians. It looks like a really pleasant place!
Missed the nearly last word. "Be a bit of a shock if they didn't find a te?(something)" Subtitles didn't help.
Had to listen twice myself, I think it's "Tee pillar", as at Gobekli Tepe, where they form ceremonial spaces.
@@differous01 That makes sense. Thank you.
Wonderfully informative as ever, with open discussion. But, whose bookcase is that in the back of the shots?
Do you have to build a 4 million dollar structure over a ruin?. I guess so for tourism. The reconstructions are interesting & speculative. Good work. Thank you for your accurate reconstructions, which are obviously speculative.
Hi Both, fascinating as usual, and brought many speculations as to when farming arose and how meat and fish were provided. If people were living until 60 years of age there was surely a division of wealth usually only thought of as modern. A town of this size needed all sorts of administrative skills. early thoughts for me which I know you will answer in time.
Awesome
It seems many people lived in Turkey back in the day, too...
When living with acacias …irrigation ditches all you need is a schedule of who gets it on what day, no need for hierarchy.
Yeah the idea that if you get more than 200 people together your only choices are ineffective chaos or violent oppression defies the evidence of history. Also 'hierarchical' and 'egalitarian' are both overly-broad and poorly defined terms that describe a huge spectrum of possible ways of organising societies.
@@davidharrison7072 I lived in a small village 350 folks,we had a volunteer fire department, no mayor or council we did fine for years but then rich people started to move there and disrupt things.
@@YarrowPressburg Rich people have been the truest enemy of humanity for millennia.
Good morning from the sizzling SF Bay Area. I just love the reproduced home, it looks very livable and attractive, wonder if the man puts away his clothes! Hahaha... Thanks for the video.
I wonder if this site is also run by WEF! If yes, don’t expect to be expanded and maybe the already excavated 5% might be re-burried.
Wow this is great, wish I found your channel earlier! Subscribed
Imagine living back then and knowing your way of life won't change for a very long time, even long after your death. Nobody would've known what the future will bring. I think about it, and I try to imagine being born 9,000 years ago instead of 34 years ago.
was there a central square or a market agora? would there have been roads to go to the next town or would they have just canoed up or down to the next place? if they were burying in the north of the structures, will more of these settlements also be found to the north, perhaps on the shores of the Black Sea?
Very nice documentary! Would you please tell me who the interlocutors are?