Learn Finnish! Lesson 20: Cases, part 1 - Sijamuodot, osa 1
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- Опубликовано: 2 мар 2019
- Here is finally the first video on my series on Finnish cases. In this video: intro to cases, nominatiivi, partitiivi and genetiivi.
This topic is big and complex, so further study is required to master it. Here are some links to help you:
✦ www.mondly.com (offers a course in Finnish)
✦ users.jyu.fi/~pamakine/kieli/s... (Detailed presentation on Finnish cases and word stem changes in English)
✦ users.jyu.fi/~pamakine/kieli/s... (Detailed presentation of the partitiivi case)
✦ jkorpela.fi/finnish-cases.html
✦ www.osaansuomea.fi/osaan-sija... (in Finnish, but some of it may be helpful)
Thanks for watching & happy learning!
-Anna :-)
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A difficult topic, but your lessons really help to motivate me to persevere. Thank you !
That was so nice to hear, thank you!
Everytime i watch these lessons i feel thankful 😍
In all honestly, if you have a firm understanding of grammar in general, the cases themselves aren't particularly difficult. There are a lot them for sure, many more than any of the Indo-European languages, but also far less than Tsez, and none of them include ergative, so it's entirely manageable as it is. The most difficult part (for me) so far has been memorizing the consonant change patterns. Anyway, I appreciate the effort you put into your videos! You've helped me quite a bit, thank you :)
Thanks for watching! Glad you find the cases manageable!
I prefer constructive comments
Just found your channel, amazingly clear lessons. Everything I knew already even make more sense now!
Thank you, glad you enjoy my videos!
Kiitos Anna! I'm finally starting to understand. You are great!
Your English is so good, Anna.
thank you for this amazing lesson.
Thanks! And thanks for watching! :-)
your lessons are perfect, i took notes from the links you gave + this video, i have a very clear understanding over the cases. kiitos
thanks a lot for the big effort in teaching!! I been trying to learn finnish from other courses but your method makes it easier and im starting to understand it better its a beautiful language!
you are amazing, great lesson, thank you, this is so helpful, you are the best ! thanks for your effort really appreciated you are doing awesome anna 1
Thanks so much for watching and for your kind words! :-)
Wow, thanks for this. Subscribed!
So from my current knowledge of Finnish cases, everything seems sensical and systematic,
Notwithstanding how trying to differentiate between Partitiivi and Akkusativii makes my brain go haywire. 😩😤
Oh well, I reckon it’ll make sense over time. :)
Partitiivi and akkusatiivi are tough indeed. Hopefully the difference will clarify as you continue studying!
Can you recommend a textbook (i English) for the Finnish language? Some of the ones I looked at on Amazon seem to be little more than phrasebooks with no grammar. Beginner to intermediate level, I don't think I will ever get to advanced!
Oh nice lesson 20 already, good work, looks like I missed on a lot, been busy with my finals.
Thanks! :-) Good luck on your finals!
@@FinnishWithAnna Appreciate it, I am already done with em tho :^D
Paljon kiitokset!
Why with a kissa is there 2 a's for (partatiivi) form
but with hevonon (horse) it completely changes to (sta)
My only struggle is when Im using this how do i remember which one to use?
Cats and horses are both animals- do they change because of the middle of the sentence?
"May I pet (the) Horse? = Sta?
I adore (that) Cat = a?
because this whole time ive been using (että) for the word (that) when i'm speaking
I am just really confused as a native english speaker how this can be remembered clearly--
Is it because one is an object- and one is a human?
Like does the horse become a (sta) because a verb is involved?
KIITOS
I think it is because the word horse “hevonen” ends in a consonant so that’s why it’s “hevosta” but most of the finnish words end in a vocal so we more often say “kissaa”
For example::
1.katson tuota hevo(sta) = I’m looking at that horse/hevoneN
2.katson tuota kiss(aa) = I’m looking at that cat/kissA
Kiitos!
Ole hyvä!
So wait! Does Finnish not have the Dative case (i.e., indirect object)? That is, the “B” in, “A gave B a C.”
Well, I should be more specific: “Does Finnish not have a case ending for the Dative case? (English of course has the Dative case, but no case endings for it.)
Kiitos 😘😘😘😘
I just found your channel, and honestly, it’s really good. I have one question though. What’s the difference between akkusatiivi and partitiivi? I’m trying to learn Finnish and I can’t wrap my head around those two cases.
Partitive means literally just that - a part. Either 1) only a part of the object is being affected, not all of it, or 2) you are doing something but the action is (yet) unfinished, partial, without a full result. Accusative is the opposite of that - the whole object is affected by action that is completed and yields its desired goal.
For example, if you eat a whole apple, then the action is complete, because the whole apple gets eaten. But if you just took a bite out of it, or if you are still chewing on it and the apple is yet unfinished, then the action is partial. So, if you say "söin omenan" (with the word apple in accusative), it means "I ate an apple", but if you say "söin omenaa" (with apple in partitive), it means "I ate some apple", or "I was eating an apple." In the present tense, if you say "syön omenan", with accusative, it translates to "I (will) eat an apple", and "syön omenaa", with partitive, translates to "I am eating an apple".
Or, if you say "ammuin peuran", with accusative, it means "I shot a deer" (and the deer is now dead). But if you say "ammuin peuraa", with partitive, it means "I shot at a deer" (and the deer escaped, perhaps injured, perhaps not).
Many constructions use partitive. For example, if you go to a market place in Finland, you will see signs like "omenaa", "mansikkaa", "kalaa"; "apple", "strawberry", "fish" respectively, and all in partitive. Or if you are counting things, like if you say "five apples", you say "viisi omenaa", with partitive. It's the same with words like "many", "much", "few", "a little". Or if you want to say that you *don't* do something to someone, you use partitive: "en syö omenaa", "I don't eat apple". Or when you want to say that there *isn't* something there, or that you *don't* have something, such as "I don't have any apple", then you say "minulla ei ole omenaa", (literally "by me there is no apple") with the thing that isn't there or that you don't have in partitive.
@@AnnaMarianne Thank you so much!
with the horse-- does it become (sta) because it is apart of the horses body?
kiitos again
It's tough to know what cases to use on sentence objects (I assume the subject is always the nominative case). For partitive objects, does it depend on what verbs are used? If so I guess it's just a matter of remembering what verbs take the partitive as their objects.
My guess would be that it might have something to do with definiteness vs indefiniteness. So if the artists paints some random boats, the boats would be in the partitive case. But if he paints THE BOATS we want to sail on tomorrow, the boats would be in the accusative case. I might be completely wrong though - I'm just guessing from other languages that use a partitive as well.
"Se on noiden talojen välissä" was a weird one when thinking about it on English, as it's not so intuitive that there is possession here, but if you think hard, it does kind of make sense :D
If I translate that sentence straight to English: "It is those house's between". I've picked different types of examples to show that English and Finnish sentence structures and meanings don't always line up.
@@FinnishWithAnna cool, my guess was: "It is in the space between those houses" so not too far away :-)
kiitos!!!
Ole hyvä! :-)
I'm only here because I'm learning Norwegian and I need to remind myself how easy it is
:-D
Thank you
You're welcome!
Kiitos
Ole hyvä! :-)
great😍😍😍😍😍😍😍😍
Kiitos
My question :
Why we didn't say " se on alla sangyn " the word "under" must be logically before the noun "bed"
Could you explain to me this part ?
Also the sentence " se on noiden talojen välissä" the word between "välissä" why it placed at the end of the sentence please i need your help !!!
Hi Sofiane, in Finnish these words (prepositions and postpositions) often come after the word they define (but some may come before, too!). This is a difference to many other languages. The genitive case is used in your examples, so if I translate "sängyn alla" directly, it is "the bed's under" and "talojen välissä" is "the house's between". This is just a way Finnish works. It's not a big mistake, though, to place the preposition or postposition before the word - Finns will understand what you mean.
@@FinnishWithAnna kiitos hyvä opettaja 🤗
Because we are not writing poetry or lyrics of a song. In general Finnish uses more postpositions than prepositions. The only preposition I can now think is "ilman" (without). There is no deeper reason to my knowledge
There for example is a song: "Alla auringon" (Under the sun)
ruclips.net/video/a6yqn7tGQto/видео.html
Cases and pospositions can be sometimes alternative - like comitative and the postposition "kanssa" (with). "Koirineen" or "koinran[sa] kanssa". In spoken language kanssa shortens often into "kaa" so one could say "koiran kaa". In fact there is a process in the language of that becoming a new case: "koirankaa". Of course written language and that we know the grammar slows this. In Estonian the ending of commitative is "ga" so in Estonian koirineen is "koeraga" and it is added to the genetive (Estonian has dropped the n from the genetive)
Please can you suggest some of good book for learning Finnish beginner ? Please suggest us good books for learn
Most of the books I have access to can be found in Finnish stores only, so it depends on where you are. I'm not familiar with Finnish textbooks sold outside Finland, unfortunately. Maybe someone has recommendations?
10:30, I got a question, the talo belongs to the cousin so why is serkkuni not in the genitive case?
Serkkuni is indeed in the genitive case in that sentence.
Serkun = the/a cousin's, serkkuni = my cousin's
Ah thank you. I see they are piling the cases up.
Moreover, how do you determine the order of the cases to bend a word to? And how many cases can a word utilize at the same time?
@@waterblonk Only one case per word, but different words in a sentence can be in different cases. The possessive suffix (here -ni) always comes last.
oh dear...so many exceptions... we need endless encouragement
pls make a video regarding locative endings specifically -lle, -lla, -lta please. kiitos paljon
Hi, these are featured in my "Cases, part 3" video. :-)
how many cases?
Paljon kiitoksia!
Ole hyvä!
I am Turkish and Turkish is really look alike Finnish. Turkish is also agglutinative language! we also have suffix glued onto the main word. Sometimes some words can change like you showed on the video! We have also vowel harmony which means according to the word, the same suffix can change to follow the vowel harmony, it sounds hard and probably is but I think my native language is so interesting and beautiful. Although the two country are so far away, it is so cute we speak same kind of form.
Looks like the Osaan Suomea link moved to www.osaansuomea.fi/osaan-sijamuodot/
Thanks for letting me know! I updated it.
Everytime i watch these lessons i feel thankful 😍
Kiitos!