4 levels of the Circle of Fifths

Поделиться
HTML-код
  • Опубликовано: 30 июн 2024
  • Claim a 30% off ToneGym voucher here: www.tonegym.co/coupon/view?id... up for ToneGym: tonegym.co/?aff=2104 🎵
    And, an extra special thanks goes to Douglas Lind, Vidad Flowers, Ivan Pang, Waylon Fairbanks, Jon Dye, Austin Russell, Christopher Ryan, Toot & Paul Peijzel, the channel’s Patreon saints! 😇
    SUPPORT ME ON PATREON: / davidbennettpiano 🎹
    0:00 Introduction
    0:31 key signatures
    3:22 related keys
    6:07 ToneGym
    6:46 chord progressions
    9:03 modal brightness
    11:29 why the circle of fifths?
    12:39 piano outro & Patreon

Комментарии • 433

  • @briancunning423
    @briancunning423 Год назад +1307

    Couldn't you have thought of a fifth way?

    • @pbrecipe2443
      @pbrecipe2443 Год назад +27

      lol😂

    • @z.d.davidson
      @z.d.davidson Год назад +51

      exactly my thought. The fifth way might be something along the lines of not just chord progression but chord *construction*.

    • @bhavishyabalani2237
      @bhavishyabalani2237 Год назад +61

      Or just called it the circle of fourths

    • @d3w4yn3
      @d3w4yn3 Год назад +8

      GLORIOUS!!!

    • @gsus300
      @gsus300 Год назад +18

      building of negative harmony
      btw great subject for another video

  • @markam67
    @markam67 Год назад +282

    I love your approach to music theory and how you explain it makes it seem so easy. You always do a great job on these videos!

  • @Drencromalicious
    @Drencromalicious Год назад +61

    I never realised the circle of fifths is a musician's periodic table, untill this video. Thank you!

    • @ricomajestic
      @ricomajestic Год назад +3

      That's exactly what it is!

    • @kodowdus
      @kodowdus Год назад +6

      My take would be that it represents only a portion of such a table (like the "noble gases" of the periodic table) to the extent that only the seven "church modes" are represented.

    • @joannpelas5101
      @joannpelas5101 Год назад +2

      That's an excellent way to look it. I'm a baker learning piano at 54. Perhaps viewing music theory as a recipe to reach my goals would prove helpful.

    • @kev1257ful
      @kev1257ful 9 месяцев назад +1

      @@joannpelas5101learning theory would be akin to learning to read to improve your speech. you don’t have to know how to read to know how to speak, but learning to read broadens your vocabulary and allows you to use language in new and exciting ways. similarly, you don’t need to know theory to know how to play piano or even make your own original music, but it gives you a sense of direction. just remember to not feel like you have to follow all the conventions to music theory, if it sounds good to you it is good :)

    • @johnmc3862
      @johnmc3862 4 месяца назад

      @@ricomajesticIt’s useful but not that important.

  • @lawrencetaylor4101
    @lawrencetaylor4101 Год назад +27

    I laughed my whole life and said I was born with two left ears. In Choir class, professors told me from 3rd Primary until 2nd Secondary to just move my lips and not make a noise. But I listened to your videos and at my retirement, bought a piano. And now am trying to make up for lost time.
    Merci beaucoup.

    • @mikenco
      @mikenco 2 месяца назад

      How's it going?

  • @smoorej
    @smoorej Год назад +105

    Absolutely brilliant presentation of the circle of fifths. This is why I subscribe and support this channel. The topics are presented in the most clear and concise way possible. You are a natural teacher, and if you teach beyond RUclips your students should consider themselves very lucky.

  • @JeremySpidle
    @JeremySpidle Год назад +51

    Related Keys are where I learned about the Circle of Fifths. As an EDM DJ, Mixing in Key can give you a smoother more consonant transition between tracks.

  • @StartEnjoyingPianoPractice
    @StartEnjoyingPianoPractice Год назад +33

    The circle of fifths is always feared at the beginning.... I really like the way you described it. It's really easy to follow!
    It's also nice to see the relation between chords and the circle. It's a really fast way to build the circle in your head if you don't remember it.
    So, each chord has the fifth. If you know notes of C Major - C E G, then since G is the fifth you know the the next letter on the circle is G. Than G major - G B D, D is the fifth so D is the next letter. etc.
    If you don't know the notes of each chord, you can also try to visualise your hand on the piano (the way you play the chord) and try to find notes that way.

  • @michaelross8794
    @michaelross8794 Год назад +21

    O...M...G...THIS IS SOOOO COOL!!! Seriously, I've never really had music theory so I never realized this kind of thing even existed. Thank you for sharing!

  • @xblinketx
    @xblinketx Год назад +8

    There is one more very useful application of a circle of fifths. It tells you which chords in a certain key are major chords (these on 11 o'clock, 12 o'clock and 1 o'clock), minor chords (these on 2 o'clock, 3 o'clock and 4 o'clock) and a half-diminished chord (the one on 5 o'clock).

    • @TheGerkuman
      @TheGerkuman Год назад

      For major key.

    • @xblinketx
      @xblinketx Год назад +2

      @@TheGerkuman Sure, but if one wants to know the chord qualities for any minor key then there is also a relative major in he outer circle to use for this purpose.

  • @JamesDean-O
    @JamesDean-O Год назад +9

    I’m a stuck-in-a-rut guitar player and I just subscribed to you because it’s like you just handed me batteries that I haven’t had in my flashlight for many years. Now I’m hoping I can find one of your videos that will show me how to turn it on once again.

    • @DavidBennettPiano
      @DavidBennettPiano  Год назад +1

      Thanks for subscribing 😃 hopefully my videos can give you a little inspiration 😊

  • @pathnativejam
    @pathnativejam 2 месяца назад +1

    You sir, have given me the sight of music. For that, I am forever grateful.It's almost too much to wrap my music fan brain around and all you hear are the laws and fundamentals of this 15$ diagram like a codex to all your favorite songs!Thank you .

  • @xwinglover
    @xwinglover Год назад +13

    I just had another eureka moment from a David Bennett video of which I have had many. The link between the COFs and modes just hit like a ton of bricks. Another great video David!

  • @bingfutch
    @bingfutch 7 месяцев назад +2

    I'm at 8:28 and you've just blown my mind with the tri-tone relationships in the circle. That put so much into proper perspective in terms of intervals and how to spot their patterns. Thank you!

  • @emiliya7
    @emiliya7 Год назад +34

    As a non-musician, each video feels like some hidden super complex musical knowledge box that i have somehow found access to. Fascinating!
    But it's just the basics,of course :)

    • @RanLevi
      @RanLevi Год назад +2

      Couldn't agree more!

    • @GizzyDillespee
      @GizzyDillespee Год назад +4

      It helps understanding to try things out with a polyphonic instrument, too. You don't have to be any good at it, or to have a "pro" instrument.

    • @emiliya7
      @emiliya7 Год назад +4

      @ghost mall well,i like to listen and learn about it for fun,but not necessarily for doing it. At least not now, i'm a uni student in International Relations and have enough of other stuff to care about. I do art as a hobby and other craft related stuff.
      Maybe in the future,not in the mood.

  • @agonist85
    @agonist85 Год назад +33

    Your channel has brought new exciting thoughts, examples, and facts to my 20+ year music knowledge growth. I have a 3 year old now, but as she gets older, we will be going back to binge watch all your videos when I start teaching her about music and theory 😁😁

  • @nikkothegoblin
    @nikkothegoblin Год назад +10

    Back in highschool band I really undervalued the usefulness of the circle of fifths, something I've definitely appreciated since delving into music theory

  • @jojox1904
    @jojox1904 Год назад +1

    David!! Thank you so much for these videos, I absolutely fell in love with music theory this year and your channel has been an incredibly helpful source of information and it made me understand so much more about music than I ever thought I could :) I appreciate your effort you put into this a lot

  • @evantouger2469
    @evantouger2469 Год назад +1

    This might be your best video yet, and that's saying a lot. Well done! This approach to harmony is SO useful.

  • @yokeshhsekoy
    @yokeshhsekoy Год назад +10

    This condensed so much material I've been trying to absorb about the circle in just one neat cohesive video. Your gift for teaching is something that keeps on giving!

  • @charliejoseph6465
    @charliejoseph6465 Год назад +5

    If you're looking for any video ideas (and it seems you're in no short supply) I'd love one on songs that use dissonance and why they're still pleasant to listen to.

  • @robbes7rh
    @robbes7rh Год назад +2

    Nice how you provided the well rendered and comprehensive circle diagrams that made the symmetries perfectly clear in ways I hadn’t thought about before. Good work.

  • @bettyswunghole3310
    @bettyswunghole3310 Год назад +2

    It can also help work out chord progressions in any key. For example, the I V vi IV...pick a chord as "I"...the "V" is one clockwise, the "IV" is one anti-clockwise and the "vi" is three clockwise.
    (On reflection, I guess this is the same thing as saying you can use the circle of fifths for working out modulations!)

  • @brandon2486
    @brandon2486 Год назад +1

    FINALLY!! you cleared up all my questions and confusion on this and I just wanna say thank you!!!

  • @treforparry4054
    @treforparry4054 Год назад +1

    David, that was an absolutely brilliant video. I had a general understanding but now you have given me so much more to think about. Many thanks.

  • @willrees3452
    @willrees3452 Год назад

    This has been an amazing video that has explained things to me many others couldn’t in a way that not only means I understand but also can now apply to my music !!! Thanks so much for this!! Keep this coming 🎉🎉

  • @johnhumberstone9674
    @johnhumberstone9674 Год назад

    Great vid David. You are a real star of the internet with these. Thank you.

  • @ichmemyself6098
    @ichmemyself6098 Год назад

    Wow, after watching the video I have a feeling that everything will make sense to me from now on!
    Thank you David. You gave me that missing link I've been looking for decades ...

  • @alexwozniak4405
    @alexwozniak4405 Год назад +1

    Literally the only place I've seen that made this make so much obvious sense. Thank you for breaking it down to understand so simply. 😀

  • @dedrxbbit7549
    @dedrxbbit7549 Год назад +1

    For anyone who might care about it as much as I do, I don’t think The Beetles were thinking Gmaj to Cmaj when they wrote I Wanna Hold Your Hand, but more likely Gmaj to Gmixo. When I hear the Gmaj chord in the switch, it still _feels_ like G is the Tonic, which is why I have this assumption, but I understand where you’re coming from.

  • @JasonKnowsPodcast
    @JasonKnowsPodcast Год назад +1

    My god man! My eyes are open!!! Why didn’t anyone tell me my guitar is a freaking abacus for counting the sharps and flats in a key? It makes so much sense the way describe it! Thank you!

  • @Gnurklesquimp
    @Gnurklesquimp Год назад +4

    One of my experiments yielded an incredibly versatile technique I keep coming back to:
    Take any mode, transpose it down a 4th, 3 times for 4 total modes, for example, then write chords within those available notes.
    You end up with 4 chords all in their unique keys, here's an example I instantly whipped together:
    The chords I chose: A Dorian, B Aeolian, D Lydian, G# Locrian.
    Which is parallel to: A Dorian, A Mixolyd, A Ionian, A Lydian
    Initially taken from: A Dorian, E Dorian, B Dorian, F# Dorian
    This is with 4ths, overal my favorite and the smoothest alongside 5ths, but try minor thirds, for example.
    Also don't have to start the cycle on the first chord in the cycle, you can offset it, you can even do both: 1, 5, 2, 6, repeat, 2, 6, 1, 5, repeat etc., the sky is the limit, all the crazy ways to work with cycle chord progressions translate to this, and you can just keep changing up the chords within the cycle.
    I can provide examples if anyone wants!
    Seriously, give this a try, it's so simple when you've done it once, do it in midi to get used to it.

    • @jaguarcarrera
      @jaguarcarrera Год назад

      @M what is a ”D Lydian" etc. chord?
      And what do you do with those 4 chords you've found? Do they belong to the same key center?

    • @Gnurklesquimp
      @Gnurklesquimp Год назад +1

      @@jaguarcarrera You can usually just play the root (D), major third and sharp 4 to get the D Lydian sound on a chord, basically you just pick notes that set it apart from other modes. However, you could still interpret that as like an altered dominant sound, for example, so the more notes you involve in the chord/melody at that moment, the clearer it is.
      The interesting part is the common key they all refer to keeps shifting down a 4th, so none of the chords are in the same key, but 5ths/4ths are so related that it's sort of the next best thing. You can however end up with chords of which the roots, 3rds and 5ths + maybe some others form a progression that fits in a single diatonic key, then you can reveal those color tones going outside for a real twist.
      If it's not clicking yet, I could do something visual when I have some time later! I could just change my profile pic to a midi file if you like

    • @Gnurklesquimp
      @Gnurklesquimp Год назад

      @@jaguarcarrera Also, I've got Example Of Mode Cycle Concept (4ths) on soundcloud, it also has a little picture and a description, and of course a demonstration of one of the MANY ways it can sound

  • @caputcultusd7558
    @caputcultusd7558 Месяц назад

    Not only i understood what the circle of fifths is, i also learned what music modes are, thank you dude :D

  • @mulleralban4703
    @mulleralban4703 Год назад +1

    Thank you for this video. I didn't understood very well modal brightness until now but you explain it in a very simple and useful way!

  • @TheFakeyCakeMaker
    @TheFakeyCakeMaker Год назад

    I love these videos, stuff I notice in music but can't explain. It's so satisfying finally being able to understand why music makes me feel what it does and how to make music that I hear in my head.

  • @ericwinkelman2809
    @ericwinkelman2809 Год назад +2

    Brilliantly presented and informative as always. Thank you so much for your content.

  • @musachi5999
    @musachi5999 Год назад +2

    I will never forget how much my understanding of music theory was blown wide open with the understanding on the circle of fifths. Easily the most powerful tool a beginner could ever hope for.

  • @fenderbass0
    @fenderbass0 Год назад +2

    When moving through the sharp keys, I simply remember I always need to add the leading tone for the new key, which involves sharping the seventh degree, which is also really useful for tonicizing the new key. For the flat keys it’s the same logic but flattening the 4th for the new key, which is a little less intuitive.

  • @twentyrothmans7308
    @twentyrothmans7308 Год назад +1

    I have cloth ears and no idea about music. Yet you teach, and have taught, me so much.
    You have a rare talent.

  • @daveakabluewater
    @daveakabluewater Год назад +1

    The pace and content of this presentation is perfect...allows mental absorbtion and eflextion while maintaining intrest.

  • @CurrentlyYouTubing
    @CurrentlyYouTubing 5 месяцев назад

    One of, if not the best RUclips video on the Circle of Fifths. Thank you so much for explaining its key uses so clearly and concisely!

  • @bosco_bosco753
    @bosco_bosco753 5 месяцев назад

    This was BRILLIANT. Thank you.

  • @ARNABOSS
    @ARNABOSS 7 месяцев назад

    finally i am beginning to understand some of this, thanks for visualizing it so clearly!

  • @liquidsolids9415
    @liquidsolids9415 Год назад +2

    Great stuff, as usual! Another way to look at the circle of fifths and modes can tell you all the modes with the same key signature, in order of brightest to darkest. Using C Ionian as our example again, move one step counter-clockwise to F which corresponds to going brighter (F Lydian). Then move clockwise from C and you get all the other modes in order of darkness: G Mixolydian, D Dorian, A Aeolian, E Phrygian, and B Locrian. And, like everything in the circle of fifths, this same pattern works no matter which key you start on. Thanks, David!

    • @kodowdus
      @kodowdus Год назад +1

      Of course, if you're Miles Davis, you might actually prefer to start your circle on "middle F" with no sharps or flats...

  • @user-qj4vg9gq5m
    @user-qj4vg9gq5m Год назад +1

    Your videos are pure gold. Wow.

  • @pathnativejam
    @pathnativejam 2 месяца назад

    I have struggled with learning music and music theory, and this 1 single video was like the light turning on and I can see now. I am getting emotional because I wish someone taught me this when I was a teenager. every music theory/ instrument tutorial should start with this exact video!

    • @tomghzel
      @tomghzel 2 месяца назад

      It's nice, sorry I'm raining down on your parade. But I think you haven't really tried before. Just a look through the library, any online music theory / instrument forum 20 years ago, a little bit of Google use, all would have gotten you there 🙈.

  • @dragasan
    @dragasan Год назад

    Thank you so much. You always present theory in such a satisfying way.

  • @Aleksinhousut
    @Aleksinhousut 2 месяца назад

    this is so cool and you’re explaining it so beautifully! 🎉

  • @olecram2059
    @olecram2059 Год назад

    Amazing Video.. Thanks David

  • @GaryBook
    @GaryBook Год назад +4

    This was terrific. I have to study the fourth section on the relationship between the circle of fifths and modes.

    • @rajthapar
      @rajthapar Год назад +2

      I wish he played an example of those when showing them.

  • @fabianreyes237
    @fabianreyes237 Год назад

    Thanks David!!!

  • @michaelmeyer2725
    @michaelmeyer2725 Год назад +2

    Where the heck was this video 35 years ago when I was a struggling F Horn player in High School? I'd have totally gotten it and been that much better a player.

    • @tomghzel
      @tomghzel 2 месяца назад

      The video wasn't there but I bet you had a library!

  • @Geotubest
    @Geotubest Год назад

    Thanks David. Another brilliant video.

  • @darmenias
    @darmenias Год назад +1

    This is the video I've been looking for. Ever since I found the circle of fifths as a concept and began talking about it with my bandmates I've been feeling kind of hollow. Everyone talks of this circle as the 'one ultimate tool for musicians' and then the video devolves into 'music theory for preschoolers'-level of explaining stuff you really, really don't need the circle of fifths for. This video, however, finally showed me why the circle is useful.

  • @evled8519
    @evled8519 Год назад +1

    David, thank you very much for this video 😎

  • @anzatzi
    @anzatzi Год назад +2

    Love the musical examples!

  • @thomasor7920
    @thomasor7920 Год назад +1

    I just had an Eureka moment thanks to you. Brilliant video!

  • @nexorenity
    @nexorenity Год назад

    Watched over 10 "Circle of Fifths" videos, none of them were as easy as this one to understand. Much appreciated David! 🙏

  • @robster7316
    @robster7316 Год назад

    Can’t thank you enough for this incredibly helpful lesson, David. Best explanation of the circle of fifths and it’s use that I’ve ever encountered. Bravo!👏

  • @Computernerd297
    @Computernerd297 2 месяца назад

    One of the most comprehensive and well epxlained videos on this topic!

  • @zedmanZ9
    @zedmanZ9 11 месяцев назад

    Your way of linking modes to the circle of 5ths is very useful. I've not heard it explained like that before. many thanks !

  • @ordjk4797
    @ordjk4797 Год назад

    Glad you touched on the key signature !
    Very helpful thanks david

  • @punchrocker101
    @punchrocker101 Год назад

    Wow, this is the first I understand this concept. I was always a bit confused before, but you explained it so well!

  • @jordimoraguesmassanet1179
    @jordimoraguesmassanet1179 Год назад

    Great video.Thank you!

  • @feracedomusica
    @feracedomusica Год назад

    Really great video! Thanks a lot!

  • @howardleekilby7390
    @howardleekilby7390 Месяц назад

    At 80, I am intrigued with the discovery of TCOF. Thank you.
    ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤

  • @juppster5694
    @juppster5694 3 месяца назад +1

    Great work! Thank you so much 🙏

  • @ozboomer_au
    @ozboomer_au Год назад

    Another great video... I never realized about how it can be used to traverse 'modal brightness'. Thanks for opening-up another use for this classic and ever enlightening tool.

  • @teagueolewiler4202
    @teagueolewiler4202 Год назад

    so glad we have you david!

  • @katkong281
    @katkong281 Год назад

    That last trick is very enlightening! Keep it up I love your videos

  • @tinkletink1403
    @tinkletink1403 7 месяцев назад

    thanks david!

  • @jspic4907
    @jspic4907 Год назад

    Awesome! Thank you

  • @mavericktron2966
    @mavericktron2966 Год назад

    Thank you for your videos they are great! And thank you for showing that for figuring out the (Major) Key signature for modes you do not necessarily need to start at C. It works for every starting point in the circle of fifths.

  • @wudangmtn
    @wudangmtn 4 месяца назад

    This is the first time that I have seen how modes relate to the circle of fifths. Good information, thanks.

  • @user-cd8ze7eo6e
    @user-cd8ze7eo6e 9 месяцев назад

    Great job ! Explaining with examples and a lot of them and good ones is super effective, thanks :)

  • @THXBeats
    @THXBeats 4 месяца назад

    This might be the most practical, flexible way that I’ve ever seen anyone break down the circle of fifths. Thank you 🙏🏽

  • @stefanbandas2157
    @stefanbandas2157 6 месяцев назад

    Really fantastic graphical demonstration of the Circle and how it can be used. Brilliant.

  • @DrZCafe
    @DrZCafe Год назад +1

    Thank you so much David for your excellent lecture.

  • @DaniBlack80
    @DaniBlack80 Год назад

    Great video David. Thank you👍

  • @doctorarmani2112
    @doctorarmani2112 Год назад

    Another excellent visual way to explain music theory. Thks... look forward to more videos.

  • @robertkadar6856
    @robertkadar6856 7 месяцев назад

    I like the commentary on modes and how they too can be described by the circle of 5ths. That’s very cool!

  • @Jesspyre
    @Jesspyre Год назад +1

    Being an artist by trade, the comparisons provided in this video draw direct relation to 2D design elements. I.E. the value scale, color theory, and creating degrees of contrast. This has been incredibly helpful in how I am thinking about music composition. I haven't grasped the wheel of 5th quite as productively as I have here today. Thank you!

  • @mackermaldrill2656
    @mackermaldrill2656 Год назад +1

    Well done David. Thanks for giving me a different perspective on the circle of fifths.

  • @vib80
    @vib80 Год назад +1

    The secret to smoothly jumping directly across the circle of 5ths in a chord progression is to use a half diminished chord. This is especially true if you've just been working your way ccw around it. Example, in C-major... coming from G-C-F, next would be Bb but that root isn't diatonic (making it a good opportunity to go elsewhere). Jumping straight across from F to Bm7b5, we get a diatonic chord with two notes from F (the previous chord) and two from Bb (the chord expected)... that's ready to move on from.

  • @GearAGoGo
    @GearAGoGo 7 месяцев назад

    I just found this video, and watching it was like a hundred puzzle pieces floating in my head suddenly fell into place! Well done!

  • @cookicha
    @cookicha Год назад

    This is so great. Loved the 4th point, I actually learned just a lot there

  • @ginnungagap69
    @ginnungagap69 Год назад

    Thank you!

  • @jorisvoorndj
    @jorisvoorndj Год назад

    I love these videos. Could you consider making a video about Plaid's music? They use unconventional but beautiful chord progressions, worth studying.

  • @sharangshail
    @sharangshail Год назад

    Beautiful explanation. A big thanks for the work you do.

  • @LeoBercoff
    @LeoBercoff Год назад

    The 4th (Modal Brightness) interpretations was new to me. Quite interesting! Thanks for sharing!

  • @MacGyver5AF
    @MacGyver5AF Год назад +6

    @David Bennett Piano: David, now, you should collect all of your educational videos, like this one, and you should make a book (printed one and ebook) and release it. Nobody can explain music theory like you do and I am sure vast majority of people would understand the theory, when explained by you.

  • @FrancescaBettiMusic
    @FrancescaBettiMusic Год назад

    Loved your explanation 😊

  • @thomasnaylor2162
    @thomasnaylor2162 10 месяцев назад

    Many many thanks!

  • @11kwright
    @11kwright Год назад +1

    This is a eureka video which has enhanced my understanding of The Circle of 5ths to no end. Thank you.

  • @ericBcreator
    @ericBcreator Год назад +1

    Good video and you built a great channel with very useful and entertaining info!
    Not sure if it is based on the Circle of Fifths but the song Les Lacs Du Connemara by Michel Sardou comes to mind.
    It has a part which builds up by changing keys that sounds great.

  • @mikemccartneyable
    @mikemccartneyable 9 месяцев назад

    Very interesting analysis and great presentation as always 👍

  • @stellarnt
    @stellarnt Год назад +1

    heeey new video, great way to end the week, I'd love if you made an analysis on king gizzard's music, they use lots of strange time signatures, weird song structures, weird production techniques and they cover many genres from jazz to microtonal metal

  • @axlhyvonen461
    @axlhyvonen461 Год назад +2

    Oh,this was simply outstanding,amazingly helpful video,just awesome! Thank You very much for it,I just love music,listening to it,including music theory, which I also love very much and thanks to You I have learned so much more about it over the past few months,about a year now ☺️☺️😊😊🎹🎹What a pity, that any instrument I don't play,at least not yet and that ToneGym is also great,been using it every morning at least for half a year now ☺️☺️🤗🥳💪💪

  • @feminofila
    @feminofila Год назад +1

    Man, I love your explanations!

  • @Nbetancourt
    @Nbetancourt Год назад

    Great video, thanks a lot!

  • @scromp
    @scromp Год назад

    This is fantastic and concise. Thanks. I wish I'd had this 30 years ago.