🎯 Key Takeaways for quick navigation: 00:00 🌱 *Carbohydrates: Introduction and Basic Structure* - Carbohydrates are abundant biomolecules vital for energy and structural roles. - They comprise carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. - Carbohydrates are categorized into monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. 01:07 🍬 *Monosaccharides: Structure and Types* - Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates and include glucose, galactose, and fructose. - Glucose is a key energy source, and its structure can be alpha or beta depending on the orientation of hydroxyl groups. - Galactose and fructose also have distinct structural configurations affecting their properties. 04:01 🍭 *Disaccharides: Formation and Examples* - Disaccharides are formed by condensation reactions between two monosaccharides, releasing water. - Common disaccharides include maltose (glucose + glucose), lactose (galactose + glucose), and sucrose (glucose + fructose). - Different glycosidic bonds characterize each disaccharide, influencing their properties. 08:19 🍡 *Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides: Structure and Functions* - Oligosaccharides consist of short chains of monosaccharides and can link up to form longer polysaccharides. - Polysaccharides, like starch and glycogen, serve as storage forms of glucose in plants and animals. - Cellulose, a structural polysaccharide, forms plant cell walls and is composed of unbranched beta-glucose chains. Made with HARPA AIyou
For Alpha v Beta I always use the mnemonic "BUDA" (Pronounced Buddha) Beta is Up Down is Alpha in the Carbon 6. My prof taught it to me and I think it just sticks~
It's much easier than that: just remember that betas are little beta bitches and are always on the bottom because they're betas and alphas always come out on top because they're alphas. Betas are on the bottom and alphas are on top.
This video is a piece of art. I commend you for making such a clear, concise and understandable video. Trust me you have no idea how much you've helped me, thank you very much!!!!!!
Kathryn Plummer if u look carefully... he has drawn all the stuff with a pencil initially...and then over wrote everything...!.. still it was a nice presentation
I know this comment is old but just an advice to anyone who’s seeing this and going through the same thing now best thing to do is to relax and read what you can before the exam also go through some past questions but best thing is relax! When you’re tensed you won’t read properly. Hope I helped!
It's my first time in your channel and first time to understand how structures of sugars like disaccharides are formed. I just have one question. How does the Hydrogen in the Carbon 1 of B-Fructose (bonding for sucrose) retain itself during condensation and where does the oxygen in their 1-4 bond came from?
Just a suggestion, when you were explaining why the molecules were alpha and beta...u should have gone into detail about the chiral carbons so that viewers will know why the hydroxide group needs to be directed in that configuration
How do we know the bond in sucrose isnt alpha 1-4? Usually I look for the ether bond within the ring and see a carbon on one side, containing a CH2OH group, and from there I can just assume that the other carbon(without CH2OH) is the anomeric carbon(C1 of the ring). But in fructose, this can't apply as there is a CH2OH on both sides. Do we then look to see which side has(or had, if already bound) an alcohol? I also don't see how that is even carbon 2 on fructose. Wouldn't carbon 2 be on the bottom of the fructose molecule?
Really awesome. Lots of praise to you Professor. I personally tell you this type of teaching is required across the globe for a better understanding of the depth of the course. It will be a fandamental base for newcomers the researchers of next-generation research.
our prof made us attend his zoom meeting for this lesson, but he just played his recorded version of it and it's all static and can't understand what he was saying. And today is our prelim exam in Biochem, so here I am...
Hello Can you show how and where to count the carbon from so that I can know how to name when two carbohydrate are joined, like what you did for the Maltose, lactose
Really awesome 💜.I am a fresher and I couldn’t understand simple things in University classes.But now, it’s crystal clear for me.I can say that,,you are simply amazing 💜💜
As far as I know, Glucose+Fructose do not make alfa 1-4 bond. they make alfa 1-2 bond which is also the cause that sucrose is non-reducing sugar.(since free aldehyde and ketone groups are all used) thanks for the video, it is informative and mostly concise.
Don't be. I'm 15, and I am studying for biochemistry. I wanna degree in biochemistry, biology, microbiology, and biological earth science. Isn't as difficult as it seems. Normally I would never say that age matters, but in this it does. But, my main point is that a lot like a machine; it's not as difficult as it seems.
Saying "opposite" and "same" isn't correct, because if the 6th carbon is facing down, it will be L-Glucose and the thing won't apply correctly to them. While it is alright to say it to D-Sugars as you drew them.
Such a great video! I got most of what I wanted to know from this video. It was explained clearly and at a rate that makes understanding easy. The colours black and red were used beautifully along with a well-structured system for diagrams and imagery that also helped to create a full and connected understanding. I'd like to mention here that the art and narrating voice were great, though it isn't relevant to the quality of the video.
Thank you very much! There is one thing I'm confused about. At 7.44, you say that the fructose molecule is flipped over to form bond with the glucose molecule. I do not understand the flip over part, it looks like u have flipped it over but the hydroxyl group and hydrogen atom of carbon 2 and 3 do not flip as you say. Also, to form the ester bond, u seem to have swapped the position of CH3OH group Hydrogen atom. I appreciate it a lot if you would kindly enlighten me. Thank you
I got lost when he explained fructose flips over so it bonds at the second carbon... to me it looks to be the 4th like all others.. someone please help.
Hi! I really like youre video because its so helpful, especially for me. But theres one part that i didnt get, you said that dextran have bond on 1-3 bond, but i googled it and it says that dextran have 1-4 bond. If the correct answer is 1-3 bond, then is it using beta glucose not alfa glucose? Thankyou so much
I'm impressed of this video. As a nursing student who took the HUMSS strand back in senior high school and had never encountered chemistry during those days, I can say that I learned a lot in this 16-minute video. Concise but concrete explanation and amazing animation that went well with the overall presentation. Just wow. 👍
This is the best learning video I ever watched. If you do flash cards as a patron project from your drawings I would support that. Kickstarter? Patron?
Thank you very much for this video But I need more explanation on the fructose and glucose bonding, how is it alpha glucose 1-2 beta fructose? And how will you identify the bonding, will it be given to you or you'll have to form it yourself
It's 2021 and I am currently enrolled in an online class and our instructor suggested us to watch this video and to be honest, your video is worth watching! Amazing! Very clear and concise! It's way more better than a 3-hour lecture in a face to face class. I have fun listening to it, poured my whole attention in it (add my heart and soul), and I've learned a lot! The drawings are great illustrations and bonuses. Thank you so much!
I really wonder why my professor spent an hour and a half trying to explain this but the failed while it took you 15 minutes. Thank you so much, its so clear!
Wow, this video was the best explanation of Carbohydrate biochemistry I have ever seen. I am studying for my MCAT right now, and this was the great review/ refresher I needed that highlighted all the key points, and summarized it very well. I know this video was posted in 2015 but I hope you continue to make videos just like this!
All I'm here to say is that well done and thanks for the explanation. My prof in Uni is an old Russian woman who can't speak English well and trust me, there is no way you can understand shit from her. Thanks indeed. A well deserved subscribe.
What to get into biochemistry. Where should I start to get more basic knowledge and what is interesting about it and can it help to better the future of human race?
SIR, I am pursuing D Pharma. I want lectures on subjects - Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology (topics like Protein, Lipids, Vitamins, Enzymes and Therapeutics.)
Hello @Armando Hasudungan Your Videos are amazing Can you please make a VIdeo on Biochemistry Of Proteins that Includes their types and classification structures and functions as well It's a humble request
omg thank you, i have my unit 2b quiz and this helped me so much. everyone in my class hates the way my teacher teaches. wish me luck, I have a 88 in that class :/ I need to do good. byeee thx so much 10/5/21
Professor, would you mind sharing , what software did you use to make this video? I watch lots of videos on youtube, on how to make educational videos and find myself spoilt for choices. Here you are, used a software 8 years ago, which amazed me today and I don't know how to use it.
Glucose is only the main form of energy for humans because we've chosen it to be so. Fat is a much healthier form of energy. I'm sure you can break fat down into its types and bring up that certain fats from certain sources are bad for you, but glucose is undeniably a health hazard for human beings and should only being consumed as a treat and not as a usual meal. @ 1:55
Have an exam tomorrow?
Yep!😤
Yes 😁
Ya😂
Yes.
quiz next week 😢
This 16 minute video was ten times more effective than what my teacher has been trying to convey for 2 weeks! Thank you so much!
😅😅😅
🤣🤣🤣
😂😂
So true
Yeah ! That's true my friend
🎯 Key Takeaways for quick navigation:
00:00 🌱 *Carbohydrates: Introduction and Basic Structure*
- Carbohydrates are abundant biomolecules vital for energy and structural roles.
- They comprise carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.
- Carbohydrates are categorized into monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides.
01:07 🍬 *Monosaccharides: Structure and Types*
- Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates and include glucose, galactose, and fructose.
- Glucose is a key energy source, and its structure can be alpha or beta depending on the orientation of hydroxyl groups.
- Galactose and fructose also have distinct structural configurations affecting their properties.
04:01 🍭 *Disaccharides: Formation and Examples*
- Disaccharides are formed by condensation reactions between two monosaccharides, releasing water.
- Common disaccharides include maltose (glucose + glucose), lactose (galactose + glucose), and sucrose (glucose + fructose).
- Different glycosidic bonds characterize each disaccharide, influencing their properties.
08:19 🍡 *Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides: Structure and Functions*
- Oligosaccharides consist of short chains of monosaccharides and can link up to form longer polysaccharides.
- Polysaccharides, like starch and glycogen, serve as storage forms of glucose in plants and animals.
- Cellulose, a structural polysaccharide, forms plant cell walls and is composed of unbranched beta-glucose chains.
Made with HARPA AIyou
I'm 49 seconds in and I can already tell I'm going to learn 10 times the amount from this 16 minute video than I did in my 3 hour lecture. THANK YOU.
Same
True
Thank you
The lecture may have prepared you for this video.
For Alpha v Beta I always use the mnemonic "BUDA" (Pronounced Buddha) Beta is Up Down is Alpha in the Carbon 6. My prof taught it to me and I think it just sticks~
Thanks
👍
It's really helpful
This video get 🌟🌟🌟🌟
It's much easier than that: just remember that betas are little beta bitches and are always on the bottom because they're betas and alphas always come out on top because they're alphas.
Betas are on the bottom and alphas are on top.
Can you please make a video for lipids and proteins?
Thank you
عفره حامد اسمك مو غريب ههههههه
I also need it
Me to boy
medicine student?
@@jemy_tube
Yes me
Hello Armando
Its people like you who makes living easier. Thanks for the video =)
Your drawings are amazing
Thank you
@@denzellnigel8372 lol
But your face is not beautiful
But your face is not beautiful
@@rare-._ Neither is yours
This video is a piece of art. I commend you for making such a clear, concise and understandable video. Trust me you have no idea how much you've helped me, thank you very much!!!!!!
I'm just amazed you spaced everything out evenly in your drawings.
Kathryn Plummer if u look carefully... he has drawn all the stuff with a pencil initially...and then over wrote everything...!.. still it was a nice presentation
@@rashmikiranpandit8962 🎉🎉 ktai jhr.... Jwab diaaa
Dude your the best and your the reason I'm getting my bachelors degree in biology. Thanks from NewJersey
It's 5 am rn.. I've got my finals in 3.5 hours.. Idk what I'm gonna do-.-
Clorox Bleach sameee now
I know this comment is old but just an advice to anyone who’s seeing this and going through the same thing now best thing to do is to relax and read what you can before the exam also go through some past questions but best thing is relax! When you’re tensed you won’t read properly. Hope I helped!
@@jesussavedme4975 Thanks for the tip. I'm going to use it for my upcoming finals.
Bozeman ➡️ Amoeba Sisters ➡️ now I’m here an i fully know the topic
Sir could you please explain how fructose flips over.. I've confused a lot about it.. please explain 🤔🤔🤔🤔
It's my first time in your channel and first time to understand how structures of sugars like disaccharides are formed. I just have one question. How does the Hydrogen in the Carbon 1 of B-Fructose (bonding for sucrose) retain itself during condensation and where does the oxygen in their 1-4 bond came from?
Just a suggestion, when you were explaining why the molecules were alpha and beta...u should have gone into detail about the chiral carbons so that viewers will know why the hydroxide group needs to be directed in that configuration
u are right ,I was about to ask him about that
why tho
Much easier than what lecturers teach
This is so much more learner-friendly than my $300 McGraw Hill textbook. Thank you!
Why can't my lecturers teach like you do!? Brilliant, simple to follow. Thank you!
could you please make a presentation for amino acid, protein and vitamins. thanks in advance
btw you are making great presentations
Great work as always. Please do make videos on biochemistry of proteins and lipids. :)
How do we know the bond in sucrose isnt alpha 1-4? Usually I look for the ether bond within the ring and see a carbon on one side, containing a CH2OH group, and from there I can just assume that the other carbon(without CH2OH) is the anomeric carbon(C1 of the ring). But in fructose, this can't apply as there is a CH2OH on both sides. Do we then look to see which side has(or had, if already bound) an alcohol? I also don't see how that is even carbon 2 on fructose. Wouldn't carbon 2 be on the bottom of the fructose molecule?
Really awesome. Lots of praise to you Professor. I personally tell you this type of teaching is required across the globe for a better understanding of the depth of the course. It will be a fandamental base for newcomers the researchers of next-generation research.
our prof made us attend his zoom meeting for this lesson, but he just played his recorded version of it and it's all static and can't understand what he was saying. And today is our prelim exam in Biochem, so here I am...
Hello
Can you show how and where to count the carbon from so that I can know how to name when two carbohydrate are joined, like what you did for the Maltose, lactose
Really awesome 💜.I am a fresher and I couldn’t understand simple things in University classes.But now, it’s crystal clear for me.I can say that,,you are simply amazing 💜💜
Watching in 2024?
As far as I know, Glucose+Fructose do not make alfa 1-4 bond. they make alfa 1-2 bond which is also the cause that sucrose is non-reducing sugar.(since free aldehyde and ketone groups are all used)
thanks for the video, it is informative and mostly concise.
WOW is there any way you could publish your drawings????? They're so helpful and amazing!
i learned more from this video alone than i learned in a year in school.. Thank you!
So I'm in business and my friend, who's taking biochem, told me to watch this video to see what he's dealing with. I feel bad for him honestly.
Don't be. I'm 15, and I am studying for biochemistry. I wanna degree in biochemistry, biology, microbiology, and biological earth science. Isn't as difficult as it seems. Normally I would never say that age matters, but in this it does. But, my main point is that a lot like a machine; it's not as difficult as it seems.
FromRussiaWithLove probably realized that high school level biochem is nothing like university level biochem
The dislikes are from the other nutrient groups.
There are 200 people in my class and the teacher went over this only once it’s almost impossible to ask questions in front of 200 people
Are these papers you write on to explain topics available on your site or something? They are very helpful to me!
this was so clear. it made so much sense.
Saying "opposite" and "same" isn't correct, because if the 6th carbon is facing down, it will be L-Glucose and the thing won't apply correctly to them. While it is alright to say it to D-Sugars as you drew them.
Exactly !!!
U are a life saver :)
I don't really understand the sacruse bond in the condensation reaction. Can some one explain to me how the molecule flips over ?
Such a great video!
I got most of what I wanted to know from this video. It was explained clearly and at a rate that makes understanding easy. The colours black and red were used beautifully along with a well-structured system for diagrams and imagery that also helped to create a full and connected understanding.
I'd like to mention here that the art and narrating voice were great, though it isn't relevant to the quality of the video.
fucking finally ... i understood it . thank you !!!
Thank you very much! There is one thing I'm confused about. At 7.44, you say that the fructose molecule is flipped over to form bond with the glucose molecule. I do not understand the flip over part, it looks like u have flipped it over but the hydroxyl group and hydrogen atom of carbon 2 and 3 do not flip as you say. Also, to form the ester bond, u seem to have swapped the position of CH3OH group Hydrogen atom.
I appreciate it a lot if you would kindly enlighten me. Thank you
Good Observation!!
Ya it made me confused too. I was trying to figure it out .
John Lee dl.clackamas.edu/ch106-07/sucrose.htm
+John Lee actually take the molecular structure and get a mirror mage of it and ur doubt will b solved
food tech i don't think so.
I got lost when he explained fructose flips over so it bonds at the second carbon... to me it looks to be the 4th like all others.. someone please help.
DNA contains deoxyribose, not ribose. RNA contains ribose.
Hi! I really like youre video because its so helpful, especially for me. But theres one part that i didnt get, you said that dextran have bond on 1-3 bond, but i googled it and it says that dextran have 1-4 bond. If the correct answer is 1-3 bond, then is it using beta glucose not alfa glucose? Thankyou so much
Can you tell the reason why the sucrose is 1-2 b fructose
And how to count the carbon from
oh my gad, you make it much easier! thank you
This guy sounds like he is eating carbohydrates.
Rimmy Blumpkin considering you'd die without them you're probably right.
blueowl88 no humor.....
Thank sir
I really like your video.
I think you forgot to rotate the hydroxl groups on the sucrose molecule when stating that the b-fructose flips. Just letting ya know.
I'm impressed of this video. As a nursing student who took the HUMSS strand back in senior high school and had never encountered chemistry during those days, I can say that I learned a lot in this 16-minute video. Concise but concrete explanation and amazing animation that went well with the overall presentation. Just wow. 👍
How is college going?
I am very grateful for the effort you put into these videos! Thank you so much!
I dont get how in the reaction between glucose and fructose,it’s carbon number 1 in glucose and 2 in fructose?isnt it supposed to be 4th carbon?
Thanks a lot
sir
due to your video i can now submit it on time
Did he mean carbon no.5 when talking about the interaction of hydroxyl group on the beta fructose?
I thought oligosaccharide is 3-10 monosaccharides unit
This is the best learning video I ever watched. If you do flash cards as a patron project from your drawings I would support that. Kickstarter? Patron?
Thank you very much for this video
But I need more explanation on the fructose and glucose bonding, how is it alpha glucose 1-2 beta fructose?
And how will you identify the bonding, will it be given to you or you'll have to form it yourself
Please make a video of protein and lipid exactly like this one.
It's 2021 and I am currently enrolled in an online class and our instructor suggested us to watch this video and to be honest, your video is worth watching! Amazing! Very clear and concise! It's way more better than a 3-hour lecture in a face to face class. I have fun listening to it, poured my whole attention in it (add my heart and soul), and I've learned a lot! The drawings are great illustrations and bonuses. Thank you so much!
Explanation is so simple &easy to understand.. ☺☺..keep on 👍👍...I'll be waitin for next lessons.. 🙋😘😘
Hydrolysis is breakdown of water and not formation
This is the kind of people, we really need at our sides , Thank you professor
This Video was Amazing And cleared All of my Concepts ❤
Highly recommended for the students preparing for their Medical colleges Entry test Exams
i understand much better thank you....
I really wonder why my professor spent an hour and a half trying to explain this but the failed while it took you 15 minutes. Thank you so much, its so clear!
Wow, this video was the best explanation of Carbohydrate biochemistry I have ever seen. I am studying for my MCAT right now, and this was the great review/ refresher I needed that highlighted all the key points, and summarized it very well. I know this video was posted in 2015 but I hope you continue to make videos just like this!
Really helpful video sir I ll try it 😇✨
Please explain structure of fructose ...
12:30 Isn't amylose still slightly branched? It still has alpha-1,6-glycosidic linkages, they're just very, very spaced out.
WVSU NURSING STUDENTS BATCH 2022 MAG INGAY KAYOOOOO!
😂😂😂
But you said glucose is alpha so how come that became beta in disaccharide?
Finally, a video I understand
All I'm here to say is that well done and thanks for the explanation. My prof in Uni is an old Russian woman who can't speak English well and trust me, there is no way you can understand shit from her. Thanks indeed. A well deserved subscribe.
It's really amazing I mean the way it links each point is great.
ruclips.net/video/dNqsBiS7RiA/видео.html
Mahn. I don't think I deserve you. You're so fantastic.
Is it correct that DNA has ribose? DNA has deoxyribose and RNA has ribose, isn't it?
Anyway, thanks for the amazing video, as usual!!!
Cesc Rosado Bisetti you are right. dna is formed from deoxyribose and rna is formed from ribose.
I was about to write that... For a moment I got baffled like shit I don't know anything (due to exam frustration kicking my brain) damn
Can you please make a video for lipids and proteins?
Thank you
what softwares do you use to make this
What to get into biochemistry. Where should I start to get more basic knowledge and what is interesting about it and can it help to better the future of human race?
Awesome sir from pakistan 🇵🇰
Amazing video....thanks 4 the video
SIR, I am pursuing D Pharma. I want lectures on subjects - Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology (topics like Protein, Lipids, Vitamins, Enzymes and Therapeutics.)
Hello @Armando Hasudungan Your Videos are amazing
Can you please make a VIdeo on Biochemistry Of Proteins that Includes their types and classification structures and functions as well
It's a humble request
omg thank you, i have my unit 2b quiz and this helped me so much. everyone in my class hates the way my teacher teaches. wish me luck, I have a 88 in that class :/ I need to do good. byeee thx so much 10/5/21
Professor, would you mind sharing , what software did you use to make this video? I watch lots of videos on youtube, on how to make educational videos and find myself spoilt for choices. Here you are, used a software 8 years ago, which amazed me today and I don't know how to use it.
please can you make a video about enzymes break down Carbohydrates ?
I want those notes 😂 I can’t write that neat
Are you Indonesian?
Glucose is only the main form of energy for humans because we've chosen it to be so. Fat is a much healthier form of energy. I'm sure you can break fat down into its types and bring up that certain fats from certain sources are bad for you, but glucose is undeniably a health hazard for human beings and should only being consumed as a treat and not as a usual meal. @ 1:55
What happens when alpha - D-glucose form linkage with alpha -D-galactose then which bond will be present in lactose . Please 🙏 reply with explanation.
Better not go university and study here💕
So helpful thank you 🙏🏻
I think you should write it bigger and clearer. It is hard for me to copy your writing. I always confuse your letter" O , U , r , v , C , e ...
Fantastic explanation giving
Extraordinary note. But still I hate chemistry . How can I do better in chemistry.
it gives correct and helpfull concepts to topic...tq
Sir Please make lectures on protein, Lipids, Vitamins, Enzymes, Pathology of blood in details.
Doesn't the 1-4 bond being alpha or beta only depend on the stereochemistry of the 1-carbon (e.g. at 4m50s) ?
Hi, please why did the numbering of the carbon atom change for fructose? Why is sucrose 1-2 and not 1-4?
I noticed you mention DNA contains ribose, however, ribose is present in RNA, whilst DNA contains deoxyribose
Great stuff, thx for all your videos and explanations and for taking your time and make it available for anyone!!
Actually, breast milk contains 17 grams of sucrose (Sugar) So humans and animals do produce that.
Thank you so much!!! I'm ready for my midterm now🏃