Making Nitric Acid From Air - Elementalmaker
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- Опубликовано: 1 окт 2024
- In this video, were making a small scale birkeland-eyde reactor, which produces H NO3 from air! Please also check DBX Lab's video on the process, his video is incredibly informative and a great resource: • Making Nitric Acid Fro...
Parts used for this video:
-oil burner transformer: amzn.to/3OtU1jg
-air pump: amzn.to/3z2CN6T
-gas dispersion tube: amzn.to/3BcQcMv
-cooling fan: amzn.to/3cv5SAd
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Hope you guys enjoyed! Here's the parts used for this video:
-oil burner transformer: amzn.to/3OtU1jg
-air pump: amzn.to/3z2CN6T
-gas dispersion tube: amzn.to/3BcQcMv
-cooling fan: amzn.to/3cv5SAd
Are you related to Ave?
@@SynKronos Certainly of the same crazy mentality as us who watch them both... 🤣🤣🤣
what about using a microwave to make plasma inside the jar ...
did you sulfuric or nitric acid ?
Can a Aquarium air pump work just as well
finally, a project that involves high voltage, toxic gasses, corrosive liquids, poison and baking soda
Codys lab made this some time a go
And no gloves and probably no eye protection. A man that thinks just like me.
@@tomirenfors2344 5 years ago
@@kristyanne719 no gloves is fine here but eye protection he pobably has
Use h202 in place of h2o. 35% is better yield than 3% but 3% gets better yields than h20. Droplets are better than bubbles. Good video!
Actually that is a cost effective way to make HNO3. I've know about this process but most ppl were using MOTs that are over a 1KW, so it would be too expensive. At 35 watts over 2 days, you only used 1.6KW hours. At 10 cents/KW hour, you only used like 17cents worth of power to make 10ml. Last time I bought nitric with shipping it was like $270 for 10 liters or $27/liter. Your cost was $17/liter, not including your time and baking soda. Not too bad at all!
My thoughts exactly...
ESPECIALLY if shipping costs are a factor.
Zzu
If you're trying to get nitrite and not nitrate, this is a great and cheap method. Like you said, it's working out to about $0.01 per gram of the sodium salt, not including the electricity to boil off the water. To get pure nitrite, just recrystalize the mixed salts from ethanol. Sodium nitrite will crystallize out.
Back in the day I built one of these. I achieved a ring of plasma with microwave oven magnetron magnets; you know, those toroidal ones with a really high curie temperature. I had a stack of two of them in the reaction chamber (which was a glass jar too :D), sitting on the inside of the lid, sealed with silicone, iirc.
Between the magnets, in the hole, I had a ring of thin copper wire as close a possible to the size of the hole, as an anode. You can run the wire between the magnets, just flatten it with a hammer as to not have a huge gap between the magnets. I guess you could use the lip of the hole itself as an anode, as the magnets are really conductive. You'd probably have to cool the magnets somehow. The point of the ring is to not have the arc directly heat up the magnets.
For a cathode, just a wire with it's tip in the middle of the ring. You can conveniently run the cathode wire through the inlet hose.
I also read somewhere that it's more efficient the cooler the output gas is, something to do with an equilibrium reaction between NO and NO2 iirc, so I had the output run through a 1.5l bottle to give it time to cool. The chamber ran really hot 'cause I was pumping like a 100 watts in to it. I don't know the exact figure, but my crappy 555 -based driver was drawing like 150w; I melted a flyback to the carpet one time :D so I'm guessing it was really inefficient.
It all ended when I joked with a friend of my dad's that I could make terrible gunpowder with the sodium nitrate I was making from the nitric, and my dad happened to hear. Out of worry of me playing with explosives, he banned the thing.
I cried for an hour or two... It was the first project that I was really happy and proud of. At the time I really felt like it was the meaning of my life. It was all I could think about, I even forgot to eat while fiddling with it!
I mean, with hindsight, it was the right decision, but come on, if you're gonna ban it, ban it because of the toxic gasses I was filling my bedroom with, or because of the high voltage, or because of the fire risk!
I couldn't bare to disassemble the thing for months, so it just sat on the floor for that time. Some day I'm gonna build a version 2.0. I'm also gonna have a scrubber, I've breathed enough NOx and chlorine and HCl and ozone for a lifetime. A little tiny breath of chorine feels like a punch to the nose, and even a tiny concentration gives you a nasty runny nose and a cough, and makes the inside of your nose smell like bleach. Not healthy :D
Okay I'm gonna stop rambling now :D
Hope u get enough safety to creat 2.0 version. And If u do that, do u plan to film it, or is it just smth that u will do far way from now?
Your dad is a soy guzzler.
The epoxy degradation may be attributable to the UV generated by the electrical arc. Standard epoxies don't have UV inhibitors and they are very susceptible to UV damage.
Could some of it have been due to ozone too?
For that length of time? 🤔
The amount of UV radiation emitted by the arc depends on the strength of the current. In this case, it may not be enough to noticeably degrade the plastic in such a short time. But plastics are very sensitive to ozone. And just a quite noticeable amount of ozone is released in this reactor.
What epoxy could stand up better to uv damage then? I have need of such epoxy for another project for some equipment I'm developing.
@@samfisher9413 just add soot or carbon black to the epoxy.
what happend to the channel
He died from the no2 exposure
Hey @ElementalMaker, hope you're ok, been missing your channel and would live to know if you're going to come back. It would be great just to know whats happening.
I miss your videos hope you upload something soon! I didn't know where to post this.
Great informative video on the topic, nice to see you posting again. I've been meaning to make one of these, Nitric acid is difficult to get hold of in the UK (I understand why, regulations changed after a bunch acid attacks)
- My best bit of advice would be to look for a free online copy of "Absorption of Nitrous Gases" by H. W. Webb. Published in 1923, it's a bit of a dense read and some of the science is outdated, but for free information on the topic it's the best resource I've found so far. The search function in the book is surprisingly good.
- I suspect the damage to the epoxy might be due more to UV or Ozone rather than the NO2, although damp air in the chamber would make a hot nitric environment. Not many materials are going to last long there. Provided the silicone tubing isn't too badly damaged then perhaps cutting some silicone baking trays as disposable gaskets could be an option.
- The reaction of Nitrogen and Oxygen to NO is a fast process, the conversion to NO2 is slower and the equilibrium is favoured at lower temperatures. Having a longer (ideally Teflon or other resistant material) tube between the jar and bubbler should improve the conversion of NO to NO2. Back in the day they had a large chamber to allow for this.
- When dissolved in water, the NO2 forms Nitric and Nitrous acid. The Nitrous acid decomposes with heat or higher Nitric concentrations to give Nitric acid and NO. Keeping the first bubbler warm might improve yield, or jump starting the first bubbler with a bit of your fuming acid might improve your next run.
- Nitrous Acid can be oxidised to Nitric acid by Oxygen, adding a second bubbler (or the second output of the air pump, ideally with a one way valve sold as aquarium supplies) to the absorption chamber would aid in oxidising the nitrous acid. This could be done after running the arc, provided you kept running the second jar to avoid losses. A timer setup on the arc supply might also work, and avoid the need for more plumbing.
- I would add an additional scrubber with some form of base, such as Sodium Carbonate, Calcium Hydroxide or similar to get as much yield as possible and reduce Nox emissions. This last scrubber will have a mix of Nitrates and Nitrites though. Too many scrubbers will make your air pump flow rate decrease, so be mindful of that.
- I would advise caution with the salt you produced. Nitrites are quite toxic, affecting haemoglobin and oxygen supply. It's nothing compared to NO2 and a poisoning you'd notice, but still something to keep in mind.
- The book I mentioned in parts discusses Ozone reacting with NO and other things, this wasn't feasible at the time, but with cheap AliExpress aquarium Ozone modules it might be worth experimenting. There's some stuff on Google Scholar about Ozone turning Nitrites to Nitrates, but it's mainly focused on wastewater treatment. Still worth considering.
-Not sure about using magnets, the videos I've seen look good, but it's not my area of expertise. Others have mentioned Magnetrons from microwaves, but old hard drives might be an alternative source that avoids the ceramic containing Beryllium found in old microwaves.
- With the cooling fan; perhaps putting a large plastic container over the arc vessel with the fan glued on top and vents cut in the side would work well. It would also prevent anything from shorting the spark coil and help accidentally touching any high voltage. The cooling would be focused on the jar and keeps fingers away from high voltage.
- Really looking forward to version 2, I might just have to get up off my arse and make my version 1. Hope the reply wasn't too long.
Really great suggestions! I'm gonna be getting a couple of those silicone baking mats and trying that for sure!
Please come back, we miss your great science ideas and your sence of humour. Hope you and the family are well
@@gutsngorrrr coming back very soon!
@@ElementalMaker That's fantastic news
@@ElementalMaker nice! We've missed you and your videos.
I came here to say the same thing!
I glad he’s still with us hell yeah
where are you elemental maker???
If you're still doing cool stuff, I hope you get back into uploading it.
In some countries nitric acid is highly regulated. So the only way to get it is to produce it by yourself. And that is how I was getting nitric acid for my needs.
Let's see, what was the acid in grade school that turned your fingers yellow quickly? Yep, I think it was this stuff... I don't have a clue what experiments we were doing back then but I do remember the teacher taking the smoking version after class and diluting it down for the student variety we used for those experiments.
Decades later I was working at a dairy where they occasionally poured the concentrated version directly down a floor drain to unclog it. There were flames three foot tall coming out of that floor drain for awhile. Not sure what milk product buildups we're down in that clog to cause such a violent reaction but it was cool to watch! 20 minutes later and that drain was cured.
Now that's my kind of drain clog removal!
yes. YES!! Hobby chemist, hand crafted equipment, and a basement. This is the kind of content I'm about!
It has been a while since your last post hope all is well with you and your family and love the videos
ikr its been a year now
Been a while, friend. Hope you’re well.
OK OK we've waited long enough. When is the next elemental coming to entertain and teach us stuff 🤔 😊
Miss you so much.
Dude where did you go
My Mum enjoyed watchinhg this. She was a pharmaceutical chemist and made peoples prescription up before everything came in boxs ready made. When my sister and I left school mum went back to university and trained as an industrial chemist and ended up running the testing labs for a UK manufacturer. (she is 86 now) great video 2x👍
Where are ypu bro?
Great project, fine result.
I know you say not to do this 'at home' - but if done elsewhere, I'd surely recommend covering up the outputs from the HV-generator.
It's an easy way to improve on a bit risky setup, where lots of things can/will go wrong. Better safe than hurting while dying ;ø)
If your electrode wires are actually small copper tubes that also act is your gas inlets then it should stay cool from the inflow of gas.
Excellent upgrade idea!
yoo broo where are you? i hope things are ok like your not unalive from covid or something
This isn't the tok you can just say "dead."
Over the pandemic lockdowns from April 2020 to May 2021, I built and operated a larger scale B-E reactor that ran almost continuously. It produced 22L of approximately 40% HNO3 that I use for gold recovery/refining.
I'd love to see some video of your setup! Sounds awesome!
@@ElementalMaker
I have PDF's of 7 old chemistry books from WAAAAY back (early 1930's if I recall correctly). If you're interested, I could either email them to you, or give you download access from my Google Drive.
@@JohnLeePettimoreIII10 them mouths ago
But you can send me the google drive link? I am interisting in making one after making the HHO generator
@@JohnLeePettimoreIIIif you ever reply to the other guy, I'd like them too, would be amazing
@@y33t23 here ya go. 7 PDF's
#1
drive.google.com/open?id=1EEVlTzeFpGTCRkY186qUrvemU60gT7G6&usp=drive_fs
#2
drive.google.com/open?id=1WIKuRDRvNKQELWvH5dk4qMZkmUiBNKMV&usp=drive_fs
#3
drive.google.com/open?id=1AwHbQmaoSbwfv2McfQlxW2UYYg6xtwhT&usp=drive_fs
#4
drive.google.com/open?id=1rO8c11zpZpbz0UsuYS__h6qMZqWS5la0&usp=drive_fs
#5
drive.google.com/open?id=1pX7wgLqq5CckpUDqA4pPTktGNtuq-YGU&usp=drive_fs
#6
drive.google.com/open?id=1AFWPyDH4O5bRS6NINvLFL5V9TIkToLLw&usp=drive_fs
#7
drive.google.com/open?id=1YdDSjkSClFhXcZ_y81tScqltP-YWSOHI&usp=drive_fs
Drilling into those glass jars was a feat in itself. Now that its has been 2 years, did you make a bunch and stop ? Or just on to another experiment? Really awesome glass and tube work!!
Magnetic arc manipulation is all about the forces on an electron flowing through the magnetic and electric fields.
F_e=q*E + cross(q*v, B);
Where E and B are vector fields, q is charge of the electron, and v is the velocity of the electron.
For a proton, negate q.
Solve the multivariate differential equation or find the solution with thought experiments and examples followed by actual experiments.
@@dandan-gf4jk Velocity is a vector, as is magnetic field and q is a scalar multiplying the whole vector. Looks all good. and yes, I know what the right hand rule is.
@@dandan-gf4jk v is lowercase because it is also with respect to time now that I think about it. Notation is hard when you only have text. It is also inconsistent in different fields of study.
You can use a disc magnet from a magnetron and a washer and sone dc high voltage to make the plasma run in circles. Obviously you need to cool the magnet pretty good or it won't last long. For ac high voltage an electromagnet might work which flips polarity at the same time as your hv source. This is why an universal motor runs on ac and on dc. You are basicly making one of those battery motors where you take an aa cell put a magnet on it and hang a wire on it so that it touches the other pole and the magnet. It works het same way with plasma
The electromagnet would be better , you could have multiple anodes and cathodes and pulse them also.
I have used those magnets before. You don't need a washer or anything. If you just center a wire in the middle and have a high enough voltage to make an arch then it will work. It doesn't even need to be perfect just close. You don't either need to cool it is your don't run a lot of watts.
@@TestyCool less power also means less nitrous oxide generation. These ceramic magnets are absolute horrible conductors so why would you do it like this.
@@leon13noelspy less power doesn't mean less nitrous oxide. As long as you have enough voltage to ionize the air it will work. Watts or power is voltage times Amps. so you can have really high voltage but really low amps. I used a neon light ballast from Lowes. 15w but it puts out around 500v. Then I stepped that up again with a flyback transformer I got out of a TV. That got me up to 16Kv at .0009375 amps. Worked like a charm. Yes those magnets are bad conductors but hell almost anything conducts at 16kv. The watts are so low though you dont even need to worry about heat or cooling.
@@TestyCool i used flyback transfprmers for oxydising nitrogen before. Using one of these ceramic magnets and a washer on top so the plasma can spin better. I didn't cool the magnet since i didn't think i needed to. After an hour that magnet wasn't a magnet anymore
Remember kids, the first rule of handling rocket fuel is to have fun
Really miss your videos, hope all is well
Hope you are doing well man. I need yotubes Patrick Warburton showing off the next cool project. First time I watched one of your videos I was laughing at Brocm Samson telling me how to make a forge from a helium tank.
Been waiting for a new video for a while when's the next one coming
great project! at least when handling dilute nitric acid and sulfuric acid try and wear gloves, always better to be safe. Now with fuming nitric acid wearing certain gloves is actually worse than not wearing them. Glad I found your channel
Your fatty hands are a pretty good protective layer and it will just stain you a bit yellow if you clean it off right away. Better than having gloves ignite and getting welded into your skin lmao
But where did you go?
I am a gearhead. This channel gets my attention a million times more than any horsepower channel on the net. I love this stuff.
Damn those are some kind words my friend thank you. I'm a wrench monkey myself, maybe one day I'll post some videos of my many Dino juice burning toys
@@ElementalMaker please do! That would be really great.
@@ElementalMaker Nitric acid and some propane mixture at the right amounts is nitromethane i think.
@@tnoutlaw73 That's neat, on wikipedia, it also says it produces other chemicals in the process.
Same for me as well
Unfortunately something has happened to the Elemental Maker, if you're still with us wishing you wellness.
Ah fuck. Hope he doing good
4:52 i think possibly the bell from a CRT tv could be used as to spread the plasma disk. Take the windings off the plastic part and wrap them around the jar. I might try it lol its just so dangerous to try an manipulate the arc WHILE its running.
Very nice but very dangerous .im glad you did this so i didnt have too lol👍👍👍
Very nice. A chemist friend and I made some NA years ago. Our setup was in the garage before realizing everything that was bare steel rusted overnight.
Also the UV from the arc is probably what degraded that epoxy like that. Most epoxies are not UV stable and I've seen it come out like that after being in a UV-C chamber I have.
Before the Haber process was developed, this was actually the main industrial route to making nitric acid: Air was blown through a huge spark array, making a mixture of NO and NO2 - this was further oxidised to convert the NO into more NO2, and finally absorbed into water to make nitric acid. In that last step, the NO2 disproportionates, some being oxidized further to nitric acid, the remainder being reduced back to NO. The latter was of course recycled back into the second oxidation step to make more NO2, enhancing the overall efficiency.
This was of course a vast improvement in nitric acid / nitrate production over mining guano deposits, which was a truly disgusting but necessary pastime. But as you correctly point out, it was also an extremely inefficient way of using electricity, since the vast majority of the electrical energy input was wasted as heat. So it was only really viable where power could be cheaply generated, which explains why the first plants were built near to the Norwegian hydroelectric power stations.
Man I might have to hire you to write some script for my videos. That was a great and concise explanation! I tried to explain all that in the video (or at least in filming), but I always ramble and then end up cutting out a ton of stuff during editing.
@@ElementalMaker I can certainly try, if you are serious about that offer. Just give me an idea of what you want to do for forthcoming videos and the kind of information you want to get across. Plus how much detail you want and what you want the maximum video length to be.
So, you have Nitric Acid, Sulphuric Acid- the same ingredients needed for making Nitro Glycerine.... Kabooom!🎆😀🤣😂🤣😂
Funy,, the Gov used to teach farmers so they could clear their land.. I have a proper formula/process in my old computer.. It was an old farmer who wanted to explzin the "safe" way to make some explosive..
Thank you for your video. For those who are unfamiliar, Nitric Acid was also known as "Aqua Fortis" from the Latin words for strong water.
strong water🤣🤣🤣
That's about a penny per gram of product. That's $10 per kg... That's actually pretty cheap I think. I'm thinking that if you picked a metal that can catalyse the no2 formation and you optimized the electrics for a corona formation instead of an arc, then you could increase your efficiency significantly.
That's pretty expensive. I buy ~56% acid for about $1.5/kg
@@dimaminiailo3723 no local suppliers for me, so way more than that. It only starts coming down for me when the volume starts reaching industrial quantities. Plus you get put on lists and every government agency in the book starts showing up.
This is cleaner and elegant for small quantities. I think there's also a lot of room for improvement in efficiency.
Adding tungsten at the arc gap, and the addition of additional O2 would create a economically viable product. Use of a fume hood should be a must in this reaction, and always keep a hand in your back pocket when dealing with whatever transformer your using to create that type of length of gap jump, at 40 Watt... I saw the transformer, I thought the video was over. The expoxy and cyanoacrylate was causing the orange in the precipitate. I would personally use dedicated purpose made glass for this, if you are able learning how to blow glass for your particular needs is an endeavor worthy of learning.
Good to see you back. This setup reminds me very much of the rig I built for silver recovery/refining. Instead of your reaction chamber I have a vacuum flask with an air pump at the vacuum port and the silver dissolving in the flask. All the NO2 is then piped out into multiple flasks to capture as much as possible. Last in line is a gas trap with KOH. Zero smell after final venting. It's shocking how much nitric I can recover and feed back into the first flask eliminating the need to buy more.
But I like what you've got going here. Have you noticed any condensation in the bottom of the reaction chamber? I'd expect some NO3 would slowly build up and settle in the bottom.
Anything new? Miss your channel!
A ring magnet with an electrode in the center producing a spark gap in witch the plasma will rotate along the natural magnetic field of the ring magnet producing a spirel plasma wall in the ring magnet. That's how you can build the plasma wall you need to increase the efficiency of your reaction.
Next time, put the sulfuric in the nitric directly. No need to use baking soda.
I normally distill it up to 69% and then add sulfuric to go up to ~98%.
Great video showing how to use "common air" as a feedstock! Your reactor is a cool idea.
I wonder if UV from the arc accelerated the decomposition of the epoxy with Nitric?
Also you might need a higher flow rate. NO2 is your goal, but air is "NO0.25", so waaaay less oxygen than what you want. So putting more power into a small flow is not going to help you much, unless you enrich in oxygen.
Yep! I thought about using my oxygen concentrator to enrich the ingoing air, might give that a try next time!
@@ElementalMaker If you decompose H2O (H2 O2 in separate electrodes) you can make an enriched environment, i think? I just don't know if the electric cost will be sufficiently good...
@@isaacm1929 great idea! Hydrogen will come form the cathode and oxygen will come from the anode. The oxygen could be pipped into the apparatus and used that way. Very easy to do and a great idea!
@@ElementalMaker I'd give @Isaac M 's idea a try. Would be pretty easy to do and you could even use the same electric supply as the synthesis apparatus to refill it with O2.
@@isaacm1929 Use KHO for more efficient electrolisys
Nice demo man. It's always fascinated me that this is a viable route to nitrogen fertilizers from just electricity, air, and basically whatever additional fert reagent you have on hand.
So for the Berkland Eyde reactor next time run two copper tubing loops instead of the coils for the electrodes . Pump cold water through them to cool them via a water pump and recurculate it back through copper coils in an icebath so you have supercooled water going through the electrode loops. However a fan works good if you plan to leave it for hours. You can also make the charging device from a 24-volt supply to a ZVS driver to a flyback transformer. On the transformer you want about 8 turns on the primary and 1000 turns on the secondary which pretty much gives you 9400volt output. You also want a grounded center tap on the transformer. This prevents the secondary from potential arcing to the transformer core.
Solar panels makes it free genius essentially... If you are feeling a little risky you can even use power from your car... There are ways around paying utility companies to make it if you are determined... Doesn't make it a great idea but it's doable... Also bubbling filtered aerated air through water BEFORE sending it through the plasma chamber then through the water works way better ... Also you made so little is a direct result of having it bubble through only a little bit of water...
And the scores are in End result: 9/10, Details on technicality: 7/10, Safety compliance: What?!
When NO2 is dissolved into water, a mixture of nitrous and nitric acid is formed. I suppose that prolonged bubbling of air through the nitric acid would eventually convert (oxidise) any residual nitrous acid to the nitric. Or, maybe the addition of some hydrogen peroxide to the nitrous acid-containing nitric acid would do the trick? I think that the yellowish off-colour was due to sodium nitrite. Is it easy to separate sodium nitrite from the nitrate by fractional crystallisation? Nitrite salts are useful in their own right. Then again, the proportion of nitrite to nitrate is probably so small that, if one wanted the nitrite salt, it would be more efficient to chemically reduce the sodium nitrate (which is not all that difficult- a number of reducing agents can be used to reduce nitrate to nitrite).
Or the first glass is build like an classic oxidation tower filled with moist pumic stones. The high survace speeds up the oxidation to nitric acid.
EM, play with some magnets and zip tie them to the jar. And quit neutralizing the nitric acid! Make a sh*tload of flash paper!
Hey are you alright man? I'm not in the loop but I've noticed it's been a while since you've posted though you're active on comments. This time of year can get to people so just checking.
Yessir still kicking here, unfortunately just short on project time with the youngin and new work
@ElementalMaker That's good to hear man. Best of luck to you.
I have an idea for your next video!
Now, I don't know if this will work but it's worth a shot, Cast Thermite!
Instead of mixing Aluminium powder in with Iron oxide, melt the Aluminium and mix in (dried!) Iron oxide powder to the correct ratio and let it set.
The ignition temperature of Thermite is a bit higher than Aluminium's melting point so there is a bit of leeway.
This would avoid the issue of milling Aluminium or purchasing expensive powder, I would imagine igniting it would be a bitch tho!
its a cool home source of nitric... except the deadly gases, poison, high voltage, high costs and potential death part 😆
still really cool you could make acid from thin air
You can also join both end of air pump output, there are special adopters for that in animal shops.
Yes, a Y-connector
Well done Bob, one of the most interesting projects so far!
Thank you Carlo!
Thanks for a great video, if you had cheap solar or wind power, would it be a feasible way to produce fertiliser from excess electricity?
Thank you! For sure it would be a great way to produce fertilizer with excess energy! Just be sure everything is done safely, NO2 gas is quite deadly. I'm considering doing the same, I have a 4 265w solar panels not being used right now, and that could be a great application.
@@ElementalMaker that's fantastic, you've just gained another subscriber🙂
@@ElementalMaker Pitter patter, let's get at 'er
OK OK we've waited long enough. When is the next elemental coming to entertain and teach us stuff 🤔 😊
Hi and greetings from the UK 🇬🇧 a late happy new year to you and yours, simple question have you forgotten us mortals? 😊 you do know we really enjoy watching 👀 your channel 😉
Hey Tom! Happy new year to you as well. I most definitely haven't forgotten the channel, unfortunately with the 1yr old and new work I've been very short on time. Hoping to get some new stuff in the works posted soon
It's been about a full year. Time for another upload.
Work with plasma channle. I bet you could get a lower temp continues ark
I use that same brand of drain cleaner for H2SO4. I've done extensive testing and reviewed the SDS - as far as I can tell there are no additives at all and my titrations and density tests put the concentration at 96-98%. I bought several jugs in case it disappears for some reason. Such a great and inexpensive source of clean H2SO4.
Yeah it's really good stuff. I also have a few gallons back up just in case lol
@@ElementalMaker in nyc you can buy NA otc
The two primary gasses in the air around us are nitrogen and oxygen. They are known as diatomic molecules because their nuclei aren't perfectly centered in the electron clouds orbiting them. Their resulting partial positive charges seek other like charges in the air around them and form N2 and O2 because it makes the gas more stable. By introducing electricity to the gas in a sealed container, you are applying enough voltage to split up two nitrogen molecules similarly to how lightning does it, which is also the only way we know of so far to break nitrogen bonds, the strongest in all of organic chemistry. N2 + O2 (electricity)-> 2NO2. The 2NO2 dissolves in the water producing nitric acid as follows: 3NO2 + H2O -> 2HNO3 + NO. The mechanism would have to be drawn out to further explain what is happening to get 2HNO3, but put more simply, it's just a simple chemical equation balancing exercise 😉👍
That boy is wicked smart!
Even though I don't have a clue as to what you are talking about most of the time, I still enjoy the hell out of your videos! Thank you!
You should try Mo metal in Aqua regas (1 part Nitric acid, 3 parts Hydrochloric acid) and reflux very carefully the Mo metal. You need to vent the NO2, NO, and NOCl2 gas. Then once it goes from Dark red put it into a 2 L beaker and add baking soda or Sodium carbonate. You will get Mo of different states Mo+4 to Mo+5 which can make a nice pigment. I just discovered this when handling the toxic waste.
Holy shit.. you are still alive
Holy alive, I'm still shitting
@@ElementalMaker at least you aren’t constipated 💩
You can use a copper tube instead of copper wire, it can be omitted air tube.
I miss your content
10 mL of concentrated nitric acid, not bad for 1.6 kwh. Around me that is only about $0.2 worth of grid power. Need to factor in other costs and scale up a bit, but 1L of nitric for $20-30 is a good price.
Yeah it really worked out more economically than I though it was! It ran me about $0.27 with generation & distribution charges included. Comes out to 4.05 a pound for the impure sodium nitrate, really not bad at all for those without a commercial source.
so if you were processing inquarted gold using Nitric acid, could you collect the fumes and effectively recycle your nitric? i'm not saying go as far as you did with your purification process. but bubbling the gas through water and then using that water as a source of nitiric in the recovery process.
For sure!
I have watched every video and I need more.
i think you mostly produce nitrous acid instead nitric acid with spark oxidizing nitrogen... Cody from Cody'sLab made similar video some time ago where he explains how to get nitric acid with sparks... i was looking for nitric acid for more than 10 years and none of the lab supplies or industry that sells nitric acid wanted to sell me some, not because of the products i can make with it, but because of potential to use the nitric acid as poison FFS 🤦♂ finally, i found local beer brewery that was using nitric acid for cleaning equipment, so they were glad to sell me some of their supplies...
great project btw, keep up the great work and best wishes...
He made HNO3. HNO2 acid is very unstable and rapidly disproportionates in water solution into HNO3 and NO. The method he used in one of very first used in history to produce HNO3.
@@Qwertypp10 you might be right but those fumes from the vial looked more like nitrous acid decomposing instead fumes of fuming nitric acid... also if the hno2 disaproportionates in water solution into hno3 and no, wouldnt that mean that he should get red fumes where the hno2 dissolves in the water? i didnt see that happening... i think he should try to nitrate some cellulose to confirm if he has nitric acid or not...
@@Hobypyrocom Red fumes comes from reactions:
3NO2 + H2O -> 2HNO3 + NO
NO then reacts with O2 in atmosphere
2NO + O2 -> 2NO2
NO2 gives red fumes, NO is colorless.
Also NO2 and NO dissolve in HNO3 acid, so when he added H2SO4 nitrogen oxides are released.
If he would like to get pure HNO3 acid without nitrogen oxides impurtis, he can add some urea to it or put through it dry CO2 gas.
Sodium nitrate can thermally decompose into the nitrite, so maybe the long drying on heat contributed to the large proportion of nitrite.
I think the issue was the amount of nitrous acid produced. Sodium nitrate shouldn't decompose at such low temps, although if I pushed it a couple hundred degrees higher we definitely would have made alot of nitrite
You could have just added sulphuric acid and made azeotropic and then distill again to get fuming nitric acid
@@brett9679 you would need quite alot of sulfuric to get rid of that much water. Cheaper to just use a salt
Glad you didn't mention glycerin. But what a chemistry experiment that would be. Might be a little frowned upon
Yeah years ago you could have done that on RUclips, but I'm sure trying that today would get me a channel suspension and a knock on the door from a three letter agency
Nice! I'm interested in trying to make nitrogen fertilizer for growing veggies hydroponically using excess solar power when the batteries are full. Hydroponic nutrients aren't cheap, especially lately, and a lot of it is made using tons of fossil fuel so would be really cool to make it from the air using renewable energy at home.
You good? It's been a year?
Nice video. 1. As for the color change: Since you added caustic baking soda, the ph was lowered until some impurity dropped out. From the way this happened (evenly and no particles dropped to the ground) I would assume that that was the release of a colloidal compound, maybe small particles from copper wire (or tin from lid!) which disintegrated and was taken with the air stream. 2. I am not sure if the second step, converting dilute HNO3 into sodium nitrate, was needed. Just heat the primary and secondary acid liquids and drive out excess water. I guess that would have worked as well, or even better and faster. Anyhow: Great equipment (How about some nitril gloves, next time?) Will discuss that in my blog and share your video for sure.
Excellent comment! I think the color change was actually due to the nitrite contamination, It would be interesting to try this experiment again, and see if the same color change occurs, then bubble O2 into the solution, and see if that clears it, which would confirm nitrite. Nitrile gloves can actually be a hazard with concentrated nitric acid, they will spontaneously combust on contact, so bare hands are actually preferred.
İ think the plastic hose got dissolved. İf you look closely the plastic hose is the same color as the unpure nitric acid.
If my math is right it took 2kwh to run the transformer 40hours at 16 cents per kwh.
It's really cheap, way cheaper than the chinese acid that some customs won't let you get in
Great video, i was just watching veritasiums new video, which is also about taking nitrogen from the air (to grow crops ideally)
Where has he gone? It's been months since he posted.
Been wondering about ya.. did the ole lady pop out a youngin on ya or just been doing you and not thinking about the channel..?
You got that right my friend, new work and our first baby have really put a cramp on my project time.
The strength or concentration of many acids is trackable with a hydrometer. Just bubble gas into receiver til the hydrometer says it's the concentration that you want.
Great idea! Didn't even consider specific gravity to determine concentration!
@@ElementalMaker Determination by SG doesn't use precious acid
Nice video, thank you. Instead of wood, better use a ceramic plate and drill holes through it, for the contacts. Seal that with a gasket, made from ptfe if possible, or a big rubber-ring, that can be wrapped around with ptfe-sealing band. If made right, the only thing still oxidized, are the copper electrodes.
You only need something that presses down the jar hard enough on the gasket.
It's also some more effective to run the arc on a jacobs-ladder, because of ionisation you can extend the arc that way to a maximum and oxidize the nitrogen over time more efficiently. If the jar is just big enough, no additional cooling is needed. However, it's just an interesting experiment, but still gaining importance, while prohibitions on hobbychemists are getting closer to the maximum.
If you use a solar panel to power that thing, efficiency is no problem. Over the time it would generate enough nitrate, to equalize the costs. 🙂
Hey elemental maker. Merry christmas. Long time no see. Just wanted to say thanks for all your videos over the years.
Merry Christmas to you as well! Thank you! I plan to make more videos soon
@@ElementalMaker 🥺
@ElementalMaker if you don’t have an answer yet, the sudden color change may be some of the nitric acid decomposing due to temperature after adding enough baking soda. The color would be from NO2, I think.
In retrospect, and after talking to a couple chemist's I know, it looks to have been sodium nitrite contamination that caused the color change, which is also bolstered by the huge amount of nitrogen dioxide given off when adding the sulfuric acid.
I should have added some hydrogen peroxide to the reactor at the end to ensure all the nitrous acid was converted to nitric
we miss ya bud, where ya at??
This is incredible, the way you collected nitric acid is nothing short of genius and borderline magic.
Are there more efficient ways to collect nitric acid though with common materials?
You can thermally decompose Copper(II) Nitrate or distill nitric acid from Potassium nitrate and sulfuric acid. The latter of which is supposed to produce the purest form of Nitric acid.
To be honest though, this is definitely the CHEAPEST method. You don't have to buy any chemicals, expensive glassware (chemical glassware can be quite expensive!)
However, a fume hood for ALL of these methods, including the one in the video is a really great idea.
You can make relatively pure fuming nitric acid with stump remover and drain cleaner from the hardware store, the stump remover is potassium nitrate/KNO3 and the drain cleaner is (usually) 90 to 95% sulfuric acid, though if you can get your hands on 98% sulfuric that would be ideal, you'll get less water contamination. You pretty much follow the steps he did here after he boiled the sodium nitrate out of solution, the sulfuric acid and KNO3 (or sodium nitrate, either will work) get added together in the distillation rig which then is heated (the heat drives the reaction) and your nitric acid condenses into the collection flask. It's cheaper than buying it online and comes with no legal or red tape restrictions (which fuming nitric acid has a lot of), though if you have the licensing it's much cheaper to just buy it from an industrial supplier. For us amateur chemists that do things in very small quantities, making it this way is definitely the most economical method though, aside from the cost of the distillation setup (which as a chemist you should already have) it will cost maybe $30-$40 worth of materials for at least a full liter of fuming nitric acid, probably more if your process is efficient. That's at least half what you'd pay from an online retailer, assuming you could even find one willing to ship it to you.
NileRed has an excellent video on the process, you should check it out.
Why didn't you perform a fractional distillation of this acid? It looks hopeful because you can put the weak nitric acid predistillate and saturate it again and again.
I love the smell of NO2 in the morning! I need to revisit this at some point and make it proper and efficient
Where are you Elemental Maker? It's been like 8 months, we're all fiending for more videos!😁
Working on some more content, sorry for the delay, new work and first child really put a damper on workshop time
@@ElementalMaker Wow that was a quick response lol. I'm glad to hear their is something cooking in the oven, I'm excited to see what it is! No worries about the delay, I didn't know about your new kid, congratulations!
been awhile since last video, hope all is well
i will make use of this thank you good sir. niric acid is hard to get for me and so is sulphuric so making it from KNO3 was off the table. didn't know about this. very informative
If you can't get sulfuric, and this electrochemistry appeals to you you (as it should), you can make sulfuric from electrolysis of copper sulfate (I call it crystal smurf), which is a fun and beautiful process, and much more enjoyable than burning sulfur in air and sucking the fumes through water, like a dirty victorian. It's common enough that a lot of chemistry channels show how to do it.
@@buckstarchaser2376 You can do sulphuric acid, burning sulphur,and passing the SO2 in water don't? Distilling water from sulphuric is more easier than making electrical shenanigans I think...
@@isaacm1929 You would need to distill it either way, I think. I've never done the burning method, but the copper II sulfate electrolysis becomes very useful later for some uses, such as precious metals refining.
A version of this, but solar powered... and bubbling thru a plastic bucket full of limestone and water... Makies DIY calcium nitrate fertilizer.... since fertilizer production is being restricted... DIY solutions are in order...