1) Add a second air pump after the arc step then 2) dip the final air outlet at over 3 feet underwater for the reaction with water. This creates a final pressurized step with extra oxygen mixing with the NO creating more NO2. Then 3) make sure you have that air stone. I would also do away with the wooden board; 4) Go to walmart and grab a glass lidded container.
First of all his Voltage is in excess by couple of thousands which really do nothing in being responsable for reacting the gases. MicroWave transformer is doing the same job at 2000 volts. Second of all his Current is so low that he should be the Ant Man while at Ant size to be able of being satisfied with that spit in the bottle. Note that the starting Voltage for breaking the Nitrogen and Oxygen bonds is below 2100. However the higher Current and the higher flow of Air are only responsable for high quantity at short time production of these NO2 and NO gases ;)
The purpose of the experiment wasn't to create a usable amount of nitric acid with this process, it was to see if he could create nitric acid at all using nothing but air, water, and electricity. There are plenty of things he could do to make it more efficient, but that wasn't the point. P.S. Sentence formatting is a wonderful thing.
I have a question based on your comments.... how do you start the arc on a microwave transformer? I have already attached my vacuum chamber to the base where the electrodes enter... thus no way to short them to start the arc process. my electrodes are made of capillary tubing from a refrigerator system... its about 1/8 inch diameter... will this hold up to the heat generated from a 1Kw hv transformer? instead of going with a microwave transformer... would there be any benefit to using a HV power oscillator circuit and change the frequency of the arc? Does arc length make a difference?
You know Cody is kind of like the modern-day alchemist with his knowledge of chemistry. He literally would blow some King's mind with his abilities if you were let loose in the past.
Cody, you're incredible. These videos are exactly why I decided to pursue Chemistry as a profession. You continue to inspire young upcoming scientists and I appreciate you tremendously.
The aquarium airstones have to be pre-treated before they will function properly. Soak them in tap water for approximately 30min - 1hr and they should bubble just fine, even with a low pressure pump! Awesome stuff here, keep it up Cody. I hope this piece of advice helps with your future experiments; I've noticed you do a lot of diffusion to recover chemicals, and using a bubbling stone would be quite effective for that purpose since it would allow for more contact time/contact surfaces.
@@markselten4985 depends on the stone if it has any carbonates in it the acid will consume it. if the stone is made of silicone dioxide nothing would happen
@@Humbulla93 so like a quartz stone.. good to know, I am going to try recover ultra fine gold from a quartz crush. Mechanical separation is impossible, it's far too fine.
Actovated Carbon grom a pet shop like used to filter aquarium water. If you had for example very fine gold particles, there is a certain affinity or attractive force (like electrically) that can naturally exist and cause the smallest of gold particles to adhere to the activated carbon, especialy if even a small amount of salt (table salt) and or HCl (muriatic acid) not much is needed like an eye dropper full to five gallons of water. The amounts are not critical When your ready to finally recover this gold consider rushing it while wey into a mud like consistency. You might then use aqua regia process or carefully roast it in a kiln or some other way with flux and some copper or other metal you were processing. Carbon will not harm either provess.
+Cody'sLab Most likely. Cody doesn't come across as a threatening, simply educational and scientific. Idiots exists everywhere and blocking this dude's videos wouldn't stop idiots from being idiots.
A good way to make it more efficient is to use a 1:1 Oxygen-Nitrogen mixture instead of air. You could also use a pulsed discharge instead of a continuous one. This is because the NO produced at >1200°C, but destroyed between 1000°C-400°C, so you want the air to cool down as quickly as possible.
@@celadrial6684 Here is a thought. High voltage from the coil rectified in a voltage doubler to produce high voltage dc pulses. Then take a donut magnet from a speaker or microwave, and make it the negative electrode. Then in the center place the positive electrode. Nail maybe, And blow air through the hole. Current in the arcs will tend to spin around the electrode really fast because of currents traveling transverse to the magnetic field and low mass helps it spin quickly, whil new cool air helps quench the reactions quickly.
There are a few ways I can think of. There are three big points of loss as far as I can see. The first is how much energy from the plasma goes into nitrogen dioxide formation. The second is how much of the electrical energy goes to the intended chemical action. The third is how much of the nitrogen dioxide reacts with water to produce nitric acid. Point one and two can be inverted if we want to instead lool at a potential for using some form of electro-catalyst. If we could, for example, form a nitride that, in the presence of an electric field, prefers to bond with something typically in a nitride. In this type of instance, we would be completely bypassing the need for a plasma and using chemistry to solve some of our problems. But this would also fly in the face of the idea we can use some simple stuff from the hardware store to make the precursors to explosives without a paper trail (for some reason, youtube has been shoving chemistry videos in my face and they started with explosives chemistry... Er... Kinda - the funny thing is that I have long been studying the concepts... I suspect the proverbial powers that be want people to be doing something stupid in these chaotic times). For the first part, I think a static arc is not as productive. We want a sweeping arc. To do this, we would go to a vertical arrangement on the tubes and use a toroid or cylindrical permanent magnet. An array can be used for similar, amplified effects. The electric arc will be deflected by the magnetic field and sweep it in a circle. This may improve performance, so long as "flicker" is controlled. Relative atmospheric pressure may need to be considered, as well, a partial vacuum or higher relative pressure may improve performance, these being easier to control than oxygen concentration. Another consideration may be to add water vapor to the equation by performing all of this above relative boiling temperature and introducing small amounts of water directly into the air stream that will produce the arc. Rather than separating the production of nitrogen dioxide and nitric acid, introduce the two in the same location. This would obviously require consideration as to what metals are used as anode and cathode. Another possibility is the use of an RF plasma. This will avoid ozone production.
It's not about the amount. It's about the principle. It's about the science. It's about the knowledge from doing things first hand. And finally it's about inspiring people to see that it doesn't have to be rocket science to be real science. You can do it with basic things and get awesome results. Love your channel Cody. You seem like a fantastic person and I'm sure you got great things ahead in your future. Keep up the good work!
Must be one of my favourite channels on youtube, was just thinking earlier today how I can't wait to see more ball-mill videos! It needs to be somehow arranged that Cody is paid to do this so that he can spend more time doing cool stuff!
valindro zanthros but a channel his size doesn't exactly produce a living wage, in the state that it's on he's never going to be putting food on the table with it. Maybe one day, but I want him paid now
Damn, how crazy are you? From rock to silver ring, and everything in the entire world, the knowledge's in your hand. Meanwhile, I don't even know a shit other than just freshly graduated from college. Mind=fucked
+ze Leonidas universities are propaganda factories, they do not truly teach critical thinking or skills in any regard, unless you are in the hard sciences.
+aweaea wwfwawe It's not too bad in the UK, although we are starting to get our share of pointless courses now! You are right though, sciences are usually as safe bet.
Excellent video. I'm wondering about your penny test. The copper is alloyed with 5% zinc and if it was made after 1982 it's a thin plating of copper alloy over a zinc core. Soft copper tubing is almost pure copper. I wonder how the zinc affects the reaction. Also, using sodium nitrate as a fertilizer is a big no-no. Sodium build-up in the soil is toxic to plants.
@@henryjiang9664 non the less its not a fertilizer and Na salts shouldnt be used. Dont make me even start about how much NO3 going to be decompose to usable nitrogen from plants :D
@@rigormortis4169 I agree on the sodium, but I think you misunderstood the nitrate uptake. Ammonia needs to be converted to nitrite which then must be converted to nitrate to be usable by plants (this is the basis for cycling aquariums before introducing fish, getting the right bacteria to settle in the filter media so ammonia doesn't kill the fish). NO3 is already the right stuff for the plants. Reacting it with a shell (snail or seashell) or some wood ashes to make Ca(NO3)2 or KNO3 would make more sense.
I like how we get to watch how he slowly is turning into a mad scientist. Just look at that hair. he's one or two years away from the video title "so how to reanimate your dead dog." Love it. keep the vids coming Cody.
This is pretty much is the same as the Ostwald process for making HNO3. However, it should be pointed out that NO2 is a "mixed" anhydride. When reacted with H2O, it produces an equimolar mixture of HNO3 & HNO2. This solution is then treated by having air bubbled through it. The O2 oxidizes the HNO2 to HNO3. The result is then distilled to make 67% HNO3. Hey folks, read some chemistry books!
First of all his Voltage is in excess by couple of thousands which really do nothing in being responsable for reacting the gases. MicroWave transformer is doing the same job at 2000 volts. Second of all his Current is so low that he should be the Ant Man while at Ant size to be able of being satisfied with that spit in the bottle. Note that the starting Voltage for breaking the Nitrogen and Oxygen bonds is below 2100. However the higher Current and the higher flow of Air are only responsable for high quantity at short time production of these NO2 and NO gases ;)
I would recommend using regular agricultural lime(calcium carbonate) instead of baking soda. this will produce calcium nitrate which is much better as a plant nutrient than sodium nitrate which will build up sodium toxicity. Plus a 50# bag of ag lime is dirt cheap.
If you want to up your yield, you can try chilling the water down in an ice bath. Also you can use hydrogen peroxide (whatever concentration you can manage) instead of water to further your yield, but I understand the principle is to use simple ingredients so that might not be practical. Good work!
Could you improve this with two additions of a catalyst(platinum wirer mesh?) And then increasing the atmosphere pressure psi. If you could re do this experiment with those two changes. Oh couldn't you distill it into fumic nitric acid instead of desolving in water?
It's just to have evidence of thin air. Thick air would be so humid that his hair gets down by itself. Well maybe he had touched those tubes will they were life or just to reference the static electricity in that arc.
Agreed! I I have been watching for quite some time now and thought he was one of the big powerhouses of RUclips. Imagine my surprise when I saw he only had a few thousand subscribers.....I couldn't believe it, but subscribers are going up fast and will be continue to increase. Congratulations Cody.....( P.S. When and were can I buy stock in this channel?
On wikipedia you can find that if you place an "U shaped" magnet where the spark is happening, due Lorentz's forces the lighthening will expand covering a bigger area increasing the rate of chemicals production.
I started it and left the house. And when I returned, the house was gone. Oh, the process went a bit out of control. Haha. Birkeland & Eyde. Good guys from Norway.
I did this experiment and measured the concentration with NaHCO3. It was 0.9 M. I used a tv circuit for the high voltage but at some point, the transformer was fuming.
Hay Cody, I´m Sebastian a Elektronic Engieer from Germany and I hope you are going to read this and maybe awnser me some day. I´ve seen your video on produceing nitric-acid and I would like to optimize the process withe you. Maybe we can talk on TeamSpeak just give me time and date Greatings from Germany
Serious question, Could I react baking powder with this nitric acid to form a nitrate salt, and then use the nitrate salt to make gunpowder instead of the whole nitrates from urine thing?
One problem: There will be a salt which forms that you have to crystallize out, if you react it with baking soda or any other salt. I'd use sodium or potassium hydroxide instead so the only thing that will be forming is the nitrate salt and water which can be evaporated off very easily. HNO3+KOH->KNO3+H2O
+viermidebutura Yup, whatever suits you best. There are many ways to create potassium nitrate, you just have to look which chemicals you can get and how cheap they are.
Cody, all I can say is you rock. Tesla is my all-time hero and you are a Rockstar catching up! You and Geen Power Science keep my mind positively engaged.....Thank You so much for all you do and share.
The lightning has a finite quantity of air that it interacts with, so that is probably the limiting reagent for lightning so you can't just scale up from your setup where you are pumping air in all day. A lighting strike is only about as big around as a pencil.
Raising the atmospheric pressure in a contained quartzite or borsilicate glass tube and concentrated sunlight. [like in a test tube perhaps?] I know that solar energy its self generates various oxides of nitrogen, as well as ozone, so its possible one could bypass the electricity and just use light directly.
Ah, the Birkeland-Eyde process! This made the humble beginnings of Norsk Hydro, for their fertilizer division now branched out as Yara. That stuff was big business back in the day (and still is, of course with new and more efficient methods). Back then, Norway was more or less the only place with the hydroelectric capabilities to justify the inefficencies of this on an industrial scale.
you could increase the surface area of the electrodes to create more sparks, and increase the voltage to 100k volts to make longer sparks, would probably make it more efficient, then inject pure oxygen into it to attempt in creating the perfect 1:2 ratio of nitrogen to oxygen, and increasing the amount of water for the gas to bubble through with some hydrogen peroxide to increase yield. might be able to make much more acid with the same power usage. i intend to do this myself once i get the chance to build my chemical lab.
Automobile Ignition Coils work well for the High Voltage necessary to create the spark/arc. The Ignition Coil can be driven with an electronic circuit at 12 Volts to produce sparks at the rate of several per second. Sparks at a relatively low frequency work best for such small devices to enable the Nitric Oxide produced to cool quickly between sparks to absorb Oxygen to form Nitrogen Dioxide while minimizing thermal decomposition. Higher efficiency at the cost of more time to produce the quantity desired. Passing the Nitrogen Dioxide into a solution of Potassium Carbonate will result in the formation of Potassium Nitrate which is a very useful substance.
Re: penny. It appears (at 1072p HD) to be a 1972/3 penny: brass, 5% zinc. I don't know if the zinc might potentiate alloy domains where a weaker acid, nitrous, might give the impression the copper was being attacked with the sort of vigor we might expect from nitric acid. Let's say a crack-in-the-armor effect. Modern pennies are plated with _100%_ copper and would be a better test.
There's a paper from Australia showing that you can take nitric acid made this way and eletrolyse it to make green ammonia. Look up the "hybrid plasma" process.
Perhaps increase your efficiency by placing the bottle discharge near the intake so it recycles a little? Also maybe add your air from a small terrarium, algae filled fish tank or some form of natural oxygen production to enhance the overall oxygen availability? Just a thought.
Very nice. The best thing about this is that you might be able to increase your yield with minor alterations that would not greatly increase cost. Instead of using plain water in the acid trap, you should use cold hydrogen peroxide.
Efficiency of Resource Creation does not matter when your Resource Investment Supplies are literally Unlimited and Completely Renewable. Lightning is an awesome expression of Nature, heh. Thank you for the magic of a storm in a bottle!
Hey Cody, another epic video! I love your work dude, you're one of the only few RUclipsrs I know of that is actually informative and make good content. Can't believe you don't have more subscribers (YOU DESERVE THEM). Hope you're well and keep up the awesome work. :D Shannon
now you may not see this considering this video is 2 months old, but I have a suggestion. Maybe you could have placed a large fan on top of the fishbowl to create a vacuum and forcing air through the tubes of the bowl. I have no idea if it would work, but it wouldn't hurt to give it a try.
If a pinch is approximately 0.33g as is listed on some internet sources, then approx 3 pinches would be almost exactly 1g of sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the amount of nitric acid in 1mL of solution. This tells us that there is approx 0.75g of nitric acid in that 1mL. This gives us a concentration of roughly 11.9M nitric acid.
Could corona discharges be more efficient? Here the active volume is very small, whereas coronas can be larger for the same HV supply. I wonder how further it could be optimized, with respect to the spark itself and the flow rate.
I noticed your comment is 5 years old so replying probably isn't really useful, but I thought I'd do it anyway. The way they do/did it industrially for producing chemicals through electric discharge (like ozone as well) was by having a strong magnet in close proximity to the discharge electrodes. The magnetic field would substantially increase the number and size of the sparks, thus improving efficiency.
you should make a lightning rod and when a storm hits use the energy from that to make more acid i think it might work if you can harvest it i know it would happen really quickly and it would take a while to wait for lightning in a desert but its possable
Exhaust gases from IC engines bubbled through water works too. Not as clean of a product is produced, and no or an old catalytic converter inline works best.
What if you use oxygen from water electrolysis to enhance the reaction? Air contains 3.7 times more nitrogen than oxygen and you are trying to get NO2, which is two oxygen per nitrogen.
If I'm not mistaken this was how cyanide was once made. Probably easier to make nitric acid from a nitrate salt and sulfuric acid. Percolate the resulting red fumes into solution. I think today the process is to oxidize ammonia vapors on a catalyst in the presence of air.
This is pretty neat, and I have figured, for some time, that nitric acid can be produced in this way. But.....the 1.21 Gw in lightning......that was from Back To The Future.
What I learned from Cody: It doesn't matter the amount produced, it matters about the success of the project.
***** so you're planning on making this process more efficient somehow?
1) Add a second air pump after the arc step then 2) dip the final air outlet at over 3 feet underwater for the reaction with water. This creates a final pressurized step with extra oxygen mixing with the NO creating more NO2. Then 3) make sure you have that air stone. I would also do away with the wooden board; 4) Go to walmart and grab a glass lidded container.
First of all his Voltage is in excess by couple of thousands which really do nothing in being responsable for reacting the gases. MicroWave transformer is doing the same job at 2000 volts. Second of all his Current is so low that he should be the Ant Man while at Ant size to be able of being satisfied with that spit in the bottle. Note that the starting Voltage for breaking the Nitrogen and Oxygen bonds is below 2100. However the higher Current and the higher flow of Air are only responsable for high quantity at short time production of these NO2 and NO gases ;)
The purpose of the experiment wasn't to create a usable amount of nitric acid with this process, it was to see if he could create nitric acid at all using nothing but air, water, and electricity. There are plenty of things he could do to make it more efficient, but that wasn't the point.
P.S. Sentence formatting is a wonderful thing.
I have a question based on your comments.... how do you start the arc on a microwave transformer? I have already attached my vacuum chamber to the base where the electrodes enter... thus no way to short them to start the arc process. my electrodes are made of capillary tubing from a refrigerator system... its about 1/8 inch diameter... will this hold up to the heat generated from a 1Kw hv transformer? instead of going with a microwave transformer... would there be any benefit to using a HV power oscillator circuit and change the frequency of the arc? Does arc length make a difference?
So Cody CAN make anything from anything. The sun, air, and water is all he needs to dissolve your money.
"How strong is this acid?" About 45 pinch's.
Lmao
That's hella strong acid
Just add 2 pinch's of acid. Interesting experiment. Always entertaining and informative. Thanks Cody.
@@uniteamerica9446 Ah yes, two pinches, totally safe to add
🤨Mankind is screwed🤪
You know Cody is kind of like the modern-day alchemist with his knowledge of chemistry. He literally would blow some King's mind with his abilities if you were let loose in the past.
Kings and queens back then would think it is black magic because there was no science and it was the dark age
whatcha got in that white bag?
if its Cody's white bag then it would be testicles
_And this...is my BOOM STICK!_
kings and queens back then were taught things that common folk were not taught @@Racko5u
Cody, you're incredible. These videos are exactly why I decided to pursue Chemistry as a profession. You continue to inspire young upcoming scientists and I appreciate you tremendously.
The aquarium airstones have to be pre-treated before they will function properly. Soak them in tap water for approximately 30min - 1hr and they should bubble just fine, even with a low pressure pump! Awesome stuff here, keep it up Cody. I hope this piece of advice helps with your future experiments; I've noticed you do a lot of diffusion to recover chemicals, and using a bubbling stone would be quite effective for that purpose since it would allow for more contact time/contact surfaces.
Wouldn't the acid eat the stone?
@@markselten4985 depends on the stone if it has any carbonates in it the acid will consume it. if the stone is made of silicone dioxide nothing would happen
@@Humbulla93 so like a quartz stone.. good to know, I am going to try recover ultra fine gold from a quartz crush. Mechanical separation is impossible, it's far too fine.
Actovated Carbon grom a pet shop like used to filter aquarium water. If you had for example very fine gold particles, there is a certain affinity or attractive force (like electrically) that can naturally exist and cause the smallest of gold particles to adhere to the activated carbon, especialy if even a small amount of salt (table salt) and or HCl (muriatic acid) not much is needed like an eye dropper full to five gallons of water. The amounts are not critical
When your ready to finally recover this gold consider rushing it while wey into a mud like consistency.
You might then use aqua regia process or carefully roast it in a kiln or some other way with flux and some copper or other metal you were processing. Carbon will not harm either provess.
@@markselten4985 melting it down and then dissolving the glass with hot NaOH should work
Using the copper tube as an electrode and for the flow of air was very elegant! Good stuff as always!
Genius, seriously
This guy probly on so many watch lists, they haven't even named them yet
+Cody'sLab Most likely. Cody doesn't come across as a threatening, simply educational and scientific. Idiots exists everywhere and blocking this dude's videos wouldn't stop idiots from being idiots.
And he should
You ought to rid yourself of "the list" concept unless you enjoy policing others or scaring yourself out of doing cool stuff.
@@harrisc8101aand that's how you get put on a list.
@@harrisc8101they're a real thing but if you're not on a few you aren't living right.
Can I also do this with thick air?
^^^ i see wat u did th-air
Thick air would just refer to foggy/humid air so I believe it would work just fine with THICC air
THICC
Just take longer
Lol
Hey Cody, are you ever thinking of revisiting this project? Like make it more efficient or such
A good way to make it more efficient is to use a 1:1 Oxygen-Nitrogen mixture instead of air.
You could also use a pulsed discharge instead of a continuous one. This is because the NO produced at >1200°C, but destroyed between 1000°C-400°C, so you want the air to cool down as quickly as possible.
@@celadrial6684 Here is a thought. High voltage from the coil rectified in a voltage doubler to produce high voltage dc pulses. Then take a donut magnet from a speaker or microwave, and make it the negative electrode. Then in the center place the positive electrode. Nail maybe, And blow air through the hole. Current in the arcs will tend to spin around the electrode really fast because of currents traveling transverse to the magnetic field and low mass helps it spin quickly, whil new cool air helps quench the reactions quickly.
There are a few ways I can think of. There are three big points of loss as far as I can see. The first is how much energy from the plasma goes into nitrogen dioxide formation. The second is how much of the electrical energy goes to the intended chemical action. The third is how much of the nitrogen dioxide reacts with water to produce nitric acid.
Point one and two can be inverted if we want to instead lool at a potential for using some form of electro-catalyst. If we could, for example, form a nitride that, in the presence of an electric field, prefers to bond with something typically in a nitride. In this type of instance, we would be completely bypassing the need for a plasma and using chemistry to solve some of our problems.
But this would also fly in the face of the idea we can use some simple stuff from the hardware store to make the precursors to explosives without a paper trail (for some reason, youtube has been shoving chemistry videos in my face and they started with explosives chemistry... Er... Kinda - the funny thing is that I have long been studying the concepts... I suspect the proverbial powers that be want people to be doing something stupid in these chaotic times).
For the first part, I think a static arc is not as productive. We want a sweeping arc. To do this, we would go to a vertical arrangement on the tubes and use a toroid or cylindrical permanent magnet. An array can be used for similar, amplified effects. The electric arc will be deflected by the magnetic field and sweep it in a circle. This may improve performance, so long as "flicker" is controlled.
Relative atmospheric pressure may need to be considered, as well, a partial vacuum or higher relative pressure may improve performance, these being easier to control than oxygen concentration.
Another consideration may be to add water vapor to the equation by performing all of this above relative boiling temperature and introducing small amounts of water directly into the air stream that will produce the arc. Rather than separating the production of nitrogen dioxide and nitric acid, introduce the two in the same location. This would obviously require consideration as to what metals are used as anode and cathode.
Another possibility is the use of an RF plasma. This will avoid ozone production.
@@celadrial6684 A quicker option is a glass container in a microwave oven, creates a plasma ball and plenty NO2
It's not about the amount.
It's about the principle. It's about the science. It's about the knowledge from doing things first hand.
And finally it's about inspiring people to see that it doesn't have to be rocket science to be real science.
You can do it with basic things and get awesome results.
Love your channel Cody. You seem like a fantastic person and I'm sure you got great things ahead in your future.
Keep up the good work!
I can't help being impressed by Cody's width of knowledge and his ability to rough up an experiment that actually works.
1.21 jigawatts!
I wasn't the only one then lol
Hmmm I wonder how much nitric acid a delorean spews out it's tail pipe... ;)
1.21 jigaliters!
xxXSalty_Viper420Xxx The legendary 27 guy :v
I was gonna say that! Good to see a like-mind.
Must be one of my favourite channels on youtube, was just thinking earlier today how I can't wait to see more ball-mill videos! It needs to be somehow arranged that Cody is paid to do this so that he can spend more time doing cool stuff!
Rob Mckennie maybe he could use patreon
youtubers do get paid by the views and adds
valindro zanthros but a channel his size doesn't exactly produce a living wage, in the state that it's on he's never going to be putting food on the table with it. Maybe one day, but I want him paid now
i
You found an NST at DI , thats awesome! The one near me in Provo never has any fun science things :D
Keystone Science!
What's the meaning of NST and DI?
@@siddharthamondal4346 idk about DI but nst stands for:
Neon
Sign
Transformer
I've wanted to do this attempt for 10 years but have always had a lack of materials or time. Thanks for letting us be a part of it.
Damn, how crazy are you? From rock to silver ring, and everything in the entire world, the knowledge's in your hand. Meanwhile, I don't even know a shit other than just freshly graduated from college. Mind=fucked
cody is one smart guy
+ze Leonidas universities are propaganda factories, they do not truly teach critical thinking or skills in any regard, unless you are in the hard sciences.
+aweaea wwfwawe It's not too bad in the UK, although we are starting to get our share of pointless courses now! You are right though, sciences are usually as safe bet.
05017351 not too bad in the UK? really? All I ever here from people from UK are socialist or semi-marxist ideas.
Definitely one of my best subscriptions on RUclips
If only SENKU knew this...
Mhmmm it's because senku dont watch youtube
@@anonamemous6865 yeah he only spends his time online in research 👨🔬👨💻
Ishigami senku?
Thanks for a chemistry 101 lesson. Brings back memories.
Excellent video. I'm wondering about your penny test. The copper is alloyed with 5% zinc and if it was made after 1982 it's a thin plating of copper alloy over a zinc core. Soft copper tubing is almost pure copper. I wonder how the zinc affects the reaction. Also, using sodium nitrate as a fertilizer is a big no-no. Sodium build-up in the soil is toxic to plants.
Nonya Damnbusiness small amounts should be fine. In larger quantities, it’s used commonly as stump remover.
@@henryjiang9664 non the less its not a fertilizer and Na salts shouldnt be used. Dont make me even start about how much NO3 going to be decompose to usable nitrogen from plants :D
@@rigormortis4169 I agree on the sodium, but I think you misunderstood the nitrate uptake. Ammonia needs to be converted to nitrite which then must be converted to nitrate to be usable by plants (this is the basis for cycling aquariums before introducing fish, getting the right bacteria to settle in the filter media so ammonia doesn't kill the fish). NO3 is already the right stuff for the plants. Reacting it with a shell (snail or seashell) or some wood ashes to make Ca(NO3)2 or KNO3 would make more sense.
I like how we get to watch how he slowly is turning into a mad scientist. Just look at that hair. he's one or two years away from the video title "so how to reanimate your dead dog." Love it. keep the vids coming Cody.
this is 1 of the best subscriptions i could ever have. great stuff Cody
*tips hat*
Observation: His work surface appears to be a homemade version of a child's toy stove.
Our Cody, doing stoichiometry with complicated unit of pinches ; )
This is pretty much is the same as the Ostwald process for making HNO3. However, it should be pointed out that NO2 is a "mixed" anhydride. When reacted with H2O, it produces an equimolar mixture of HNO3 & HNO2. This solution is then treated by having air bubbled through it. The O2 oxidizes the HNO2 to HNO3. The result is then distilled to make 67% HNO3. Hey folks, read some chemistry books!
This is the birkland-eyed process.
+Clyde Wary Nobody said that it isn't.
So sir you mean that the Cody should bubble air into the resulting acid solution?
First of all his Voltage is in excess by couple of thousands which really do nothing in being responsable for reacting the gases. MicroWave transformer is doing the same job at 2000 volts. Second of all his Current is so low that he should be the Ant Man while at Ant size to be able of being satisfied with that spit in the bottle. Note that the starting Voltage for breaking the Nitrogen and Oxygen bonds is below 2100. However the higher Current and the higher flow of Air are only responsable for high quantity at short time production of these NO2 and NO gases ;)
Clyde Wary
show us your video
Dude, fume hood or outside. We'd all like to see more vids from you.
Brandon Lisik Looks like you havent been on this channel for tooo long.
Lol
loL
+Brandon Lisik:
The NO2 is inside the glass dome. It should be fine.
More FAKE Videos from this Fish Tank Bubbler SALESMAN? More possible using ammonia. Just buy NOS then dissolve it in water.
I would recommend using regular agricultural lime(calcium carbonate) instead of baking soda. this will produce calcium nitrate which is much better as a plant nutrient than sodium nitrate which will build up sodium toxicity. Plus a 50# bag of ag lime is dirt cheap.
Birkeland-Eyde Process?
If you want to up your yield, you can try chilling the water down in an ice bath. Also you can use hydrogen peroxide (whatever concentration you can manage) instead of water to further your yield, but I understand the principle is to use simple ingredients so that might not be practical. Good work!
Could you improve this with two additions of a catalyst(platinum wirer mesh?) And then increasing the atmosphere pressure psi. If you could re do this experiment with those two changes. Oh couldn't you distill it into fumic nitric acid instead of desolving in water?
nice arc! had a really cool jacob's ladder effect going. you should build a jacob's ladder and tesla coil to power it, it'd make for an awesome video
No time to comb hair. Doing science!
I think the hair adds lab cred.
It's just to have evidence of thin air. Thick air would be so humid that his hair gets down by itself. Well maybe he had touched those tubes will they were life or just to reference the static electricity in that arc.
Oh this was very cool, I remember having suggested to do this in a previous video!
Now concentrate it and put it into some salt to make other acids!
How do you not have at least 500k subscribers?
Josue Jasso Because many people prefer things like justin bieber or some south korean pop.
Agreed! I I have been watching for quite some time now and thought he was one of the big powerhouses of RUclips. Imagine my surprise when I saw he only had a few thousand subscribers.....I couldn't believe it, but subscribers are going up fast and will be continue to increase. Congratulations Cody.....( P.S. When and were can I buy stock in this channel?
nek minnit
How about 1.1M
2017 :)
How about 1.5 Million, July 2018.
On wikipedia you can find that if you place an "U shaped" magnet where the spark is happening, due Lorentz's forces the lighthening will expand covering a bigger area increasing the rate of chemicals production.
Sooo, if i'm right, if you run this device (let's say) one week, you will have a stronger acid ?
yes
+Cody'sLab Thank you for the answer :)
He can also make a lifetime supply of acid if you know what I mean.
Lol I think that's how he literally took it.
"just about 3 pinches of acid in a milliliter of solution"
This man woulda invented the periodic table if no one else did.
Nice Back to the Future reference. :)
Nice demo of a tamed, natural process. Thanks
1.21 GIGAWATTS!!! GREAT SCOTT!! 1.21 GIGAWATTS!! 1.21 gigawatts!
It's time to let go. Grief is a natural part of life. We all loved that cultural reference, but it's dead. There was a funeral, did you attend?
For that kind of power you’d need a bolt of lightning!
How shocking.
Coupled through a flux capacitor in his truck would be make an interesting experiment.
Virgin detected
I started it and left the house. And when I returned, the house was gone. Oh, the process went a bit out of control. Haha.
Birkeland & Eyde. Good guys from Norway.
Hey Cody, that smoke detector would work better if you put some batteries in it.....3:15
Smoke detectors don't have a constant on light
Domino52o It’s Cody, you’d never know.
and put it up under the ceiling where the smoke will collect...
I did this experiment and measured the concentration with NaHCO3. It was 0.9 M. I used a tv circuit for the high voltage but at some point, the transformer was fuming.
Hay Cody, I´m Sebastian a Elektronic Engieer from Germany and I hope you are going to read this and maybe awnser me some day. I´ve seen your video on produceing nitric-acid and I would like to optimize the process withe you. Maybe we can talk on TeamSpeak just give me time and date Greatings from Germany
Schade
Cody, You are a mad scientist macgyver. Keep it up! Because of your videos I am very close you opening a patron account
Serious question, Could I react baking powder with this nitric acid to form a nitrate salt, and then use the nitrate salt to make gunpowder instead of the whole nitrates from urine thing?
+harry s
yes.
Thank you soooooooo much.
One problem: There will be a salt which forms that you have to crystallize out, if you react it with baking soda or any other salt. I'd use sodium or potassium hydroxide instead so the only thing that will be forming is the nitrate salt and water which can be evaporated off very easily. HNO3+KOH->KNO3+H2O
+BeatRush2011 if you have KOH and ammonia fertilizer NH4NO3 just mix them and you'll get KNO3 H2O and ammonia gas
+viermidebutura Yup, whatever suits you best. There are many ways to create potassium nitrate, you just have to look which chemicals you can get and how cheap they are.
Damn, easily the most creative channel I've ever encountered. 10/10
So... gunpowder from air?
That penny was oxidised. The black substance is Copper Oxide. Copper oxide is dissolved by most acids. Was it the oxide dissolving, or the penny?
1.21GIGAWATTS?! 1.21 GIGAWATTS?!?!?!?!?!
+crobc1 I guess you've never seen Back to the Future...
***** Dude, you're a total fun killer... but i guess there are two kinds of people, right ***** ?
MatVenture yep
great Scott O.o
+crobc1 seems a lot, 1.21GW with 500kV (or 1210MW / 0.5MV) means you have 2420 amps... wouldnt it melt over 1k amps?
Definitely in the top 5 of Cody hair videos.
1.21 gigawatts?!?
yes, the average output of a lightning strike.
Great Scott!!!
+Cody'sLab Great Scott!!!
Great scott
Privacy Privacy you watch great Scott too?!
I like your idea of making nitrogen for the greenhouse. Wonder how long it would take to make the greenhouse green ???
THIS IS REAL LIFE ADVANCED MINECRAFT
Andrew Geng *cringes*
Cody, all I can say is you rock. Tesla is my all-time hero and you are a Rockstar catching up! You and Geen Power Science keep my mind positively engaged.....Thank You so much for all you do and share.
Finally a practical use for my transformer other than a pretty light show.
Cody, the only man on earth, who can titrate by hand XD
I love your videos. Making something out of nothing. You're the real McGyver man. You inspire me to learn more about chemistry and physics
That is awesome - thank you! This might have some practical applications in precious metal recovery
This dude the first one to get kidnapped by the bad guys in the movies to do all the bad guys sciency mischief.
it's amazing that this guy is still alive
The lightning has a finite quantity of air that it interacts with, so that is probably the limiting reagent for lightning so you can't just scale up from your setup where you are pumping air in all day. A lighting strike is only about as big around as a pencil.
Raising the atmospheric pressure in a contained quartzite or borsilicate glass tube and concentrated sunlight. [like in a test tube perhaps?]
I know that solar energy its self generates various oxides of nitrogen, as well as ozone, so its possible one could bypass the electricity and just use light directly.
You should do this with a packed column and see if it turns out to be economically viable.
Wow , awesome and yet so simple setup
Ah, the Birkeland-Eyde process! This made the humble beginnings of Norsk Hydro, for their fertilizer division now branched out as Yara.
That stuff was big business back in the day (and still is, of course with new and more efficient methods). Back then, Norway was more or less the only place with the hydroelectric capabilities to justify the inefficencies of this on an industrial scale.
you could increase the surface area of the electrodes to create more sparks, and increase the voltage to 100k volts to make longer sparks, would probably make it more efficient, then inject pure oxygen into it to attempt in creating the perfect 1:2 ratio of nitrogen to oxygen, and increasing the amount of water for the gas to bubble through with some hydrogen peroxide to increase yield. might be able to make much more acid with the same power usage. i intend to do this myself once i get the chance to build my chemical lab.
Automobile Ignition Coils work well for the High Voltage necessary to create the spark/arc. The Ignition Coil can be driven with an electronic circuit at 12 Volts to produce sparks at the rate of several per second. Sparks at a relatively low frequency work best for such small devices to enable the Nitric Oxide produced to cool quickly between sparks to absorb Oxygen to form Nitrogen Dioxide while minimizing thermal decomposition. Higher efficiency at the cost of more time to produce the quantity desired. Passing the Nitrogen Dioxide into a solution of Potassium Carbonate will result in the formation of Potassium Nitrate which is a very useful substance.
Now your country needs you, there’s a fertilizer shortage, time to upscale and put your brand on it!. Very good explanation
Re: penny. It appears (at 1072p HD) to be a 1972/3 penny: brass, 5% zinc. I don't know if the zinc might potentiate alloy domains where a weaker acid, nitrous, might give the impression the copper was being attacked with the sort of vigor we might expect from nitric acid. Let's say a crack-in-the-armor effect.
Modern pennies are plated with _100%_ copper and would be a better test.
Even on a bad hair day this man is awesome
There's a paper from Australia showing that you can take nitric acid made this way and eletrolyse it to make green ammonia. Look up the "hybrid plasma" process.
Hey I just found your channel a few days ago and I wanted to say you seem like a nice guy and I sure do find the videos interesting. Keep them coming!
Pinch titration! I love it ! :D
Perhaps increase your efficiency by placing the bottle discharge near the intake so it recycles a little? Also maybe add your air from a small terrarium, algae filled fish tank or some form of natural oxygen production to enhance the overall oxygen availability? Just a thought.
Very nice.
The best thing about this is that you might be able to increase your yield with minor alterations that would not greatly increase cost.
Instead of using plain water in the acid trap, you should use cold hydrogen peroxide.
This is actually mad-science, Cody...
Excellent !! If we use platinium wire at the arc section, can it be more efficient?
Efficiency of Resource Creation does not matter when your Resource Investment Supplies are literally Unlimited and Completely Renewable. Lightning is an awesome expression of Nature, heh. Thank you for the magic of a storm in a bottle!
I'm highly suspecting Cody to be the missing megalomania that's been missing for the past years. This setup closely mirrors that of mega's
Senku would’ve wanted this
Hey Cody, another epic video! I love your work dude, you're one of the only few RUclipsrs I know of that is actually informative and make good content. Can't believe you don't have more subscribers (YOU DESERVE THEM). Hope you're well and keep up the awesome work. :D
Shannon
That WAS a great accomplishment, good job!
now you may not see this considering this video is 2 months old, but I have a suggestion. Maybe you could have placed a large fan on top of the fishbowl to create a vacuum and forcing air through the tubes of the bowl. I have no idea if it would work, but it wouldn't hurt to give it a try.
If a pinch is approximately 0.33g as is listed on some internet sources, then approx 3 pinches would be almost exactly 1g of sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the amount of nitric acid in 1mL of solution. This tells us that there is approx 0.75g of nitric acid in that 1mL. This gives us a concentration of roughly 11.9M nitric acid.
Another very impressive video
You can improve the efficiency by enclosing the water chamber and boiling water too steam increasing interaction and reaction of the gas.
No, to improve the absorption of the NO2 gas You need to bubble the gas trough a packed column filled with silica wool and water
Could corona discharges be more efficient? Here the active volume is very small, whereas coronas can be larger for the same HV supply. I wonder how further it could be optimized, with respect to the spark itself and the flow rate.
I noticed your comment is 5 years old so replying probably isn't really useful, but I thought I'd do it anyway. The way they do/did it industrially for producing chemicals through electric discharge (like ozone as well) was by having a strong magnet in close proximity to the discharge electrodes. The magnetic field would substantially increase the number and size of the sparks, thus improving efficiency.
Next time we see Cody making air in space
you should make a lightning rod and when a storm hits use the energy from that to make more acid i think it might work if you can harvest it i know it would happen really quickly and it would take a while to wait for lightning in a desert but its possable
Exhaust gases from IC engines bubbled through water works too. Not as clean of a product is produced, and no or an old catalytic converter inline works best.
What if you use oxygen from water electrolysis to enhance the reaction? Air contains 3.7 times more nitrogen than oxygen and you are trying to get NO2, which is two oxygen per nitrogen.
You said very logically i agree i think we should use a hho cell to get oxygen in lagre amounts
you need to add much more pressure to the reaction vessel maybe 2-3 bar to increase the yield
Cody! you are my hero! I hope to see your channel grow so you can get yourself a nice lab someday!
If I'm not mistaken this was how cyanide was once made. Probably easier to make nitric acid from a nitrate salt and sulfuric acid. Percolate the resulting red fumes into solution.
I think today the process is to oxidize ammonia vapors on a catalyst in the presence of air.
Every video this guy makes is interesting
Nitric acid. The mean drunk uncle of the acid family.
This is such a cool video
This is pretty neat, and I have figured, for some time, that nitric acid can be produced in this way. But.....the 1.21 Gw in lightning......that was from Back To The Future.