Did you know that we have a podcast and its first season covered the Diadochi Wars - kingsandgenerals.libsyn.com/11-alexander-the-greats-death-legacy-and-plans?tdest_id=837467 Now you do! :-)
@Kings and Generals Please make video on *Maratha Empire* 🚩 Who defeated *Mughal Empire* , *Rajput states* , *Sikh Empire* , *Niẓām ul-Mulk* , *Bijapur Sultanate* and other Deccan sultanates. Today is a part of *India* , *Pakistan* , *Afghanistan* and *Bangladesh* . Some *movies* on *Maratha's* are going on India like ruclips.net/video/cffAGIYTEHU/видео.html ruclips.net/video/zpXnmy-6w1g/видео.html ruclips.net/video/eHOc-4D7MjY/видео.html
I am not Bob Dylan to simply put it, it’s a world of Warcraft meme. A group of guys were trying to plan on how to do a certain room in a raid. Leeroy was afk at the time and when he got back on the game he immediately shouted his name and entered the room without a care in the world. His friends tried to save him but instead the whole raid group were killed trying to save leeroy. They were all mad at him and that’s when leeroy said and I quote “ well... at least I have my chicken”
6:10 This lunar (not solar) eclipse occurred on the evening of June 21, 168 BC, and reached its maximum at about 10 pm (as seen from Pydna). During this event, the moon was totally eclipsed for 76 minutes. About 2,000 years later, tribune Gaius Sulpicius Gallus, who predicted this eclipse and notified the Roman generals, was honored by having a lunar crater and a series of lunar valleys (rimae Sulpicius Gallus) named for him.
Schools barely tell you where all the countries of the world are. If I had a dollar for every person who couldn't find Macedon on a world map I would be a rich man .
Even our leader a bit after 238BC Masissina our leader made sure Roman's respected him and saluted him in honorable way, his royal family was known to be the "kings of Roman's" 💪
by the way, a battle near mount olympus, followed by an eclipse, a King named Perseus those were gold propaganda opportunities… if he had won. Edit. Also the battle of Pydna or the Battle for the mule. Romans: It's our mule damn it Greeks: it clearly deserted you army join us! Free that noble animal.
That is indeed the case; in a Lunar eclipse the Moon moves inside the Earth's shadow, and is only faintly red as it reflects light that has passed through the Earth's atmosphere (this can only happen when there is a full moon). In a Solar eclipse, the Earth moves inside the Moon's shadow and the Sun is completely blocked (which can of course only happen at daytime, and with a new moon)
I started studying post Alexander the Great history in uni and I have ever since wanted Hollywood to make a massive Game of thrones style series involving the wars between Philip, Antiochus and the ptolemies that would ultimately include Rome. Philip V, Aratus of Sicyon, Antiochus III, Titus Flamininus, and a few others would be featured as the main characters. I guess these videos will hold me until then
Acdragonrider Videos yeah of any classical antiquity history buffs get into a position to make such shows during this area please do so, it is very lacking and I would love to see more large scale ancient battles especially the Macedonian phalanx.!!!! Thank you if you do!!!
Gmeme IKR. Anything being made is either from American history, from the twentieth century or has political motives. I want some love for pre-1700 era history!
Acdragonrider Videos yeah a movie or tv show similar to the tv show Rome with attention to historical detail. The real jewels were made 50-70 years ago, I just wish they did more today. Alexander was good though.
Gmeme yeah Rome was okay. I liked Caesar, vorenus and pullo. But I didn’t care too much about the incest and soap opera stuff and Marc Antony got on my nerves. I prefer the Netflix Rome series narrated by Sean bean in some ways.
The Hellenistic kingdoms would in the past have large cavalry components in their armies. It was the cavalry working in tandem with light infantry and the heavy but slow-moving infantry that made Alexander’s military campaigns so successful. Just study the battle of Gaugamela or Hydapses and you will see how good Alexander’s micro was. The hammer and anvil it is called. It is a shame that the Macedonian military machine slowly declined after his lifetime. The Seleucids had cavalry but they were not used to their fullest extent at magnesia. In Greece, Philip and his predecessors barely had any cavalry and they were not shock cavalry in the way Alexander’s companion cav were. If there was a large component of cav they could have prevented the Roman manipular legions From outflanking the phalanx
Yes I do agree. The most fascinating thing is that Alexander always won his battles. Romans were not so successful although super resiliants indeed. To oppose the macedonian phalanx to the roman legion is ultimately useless when saying that the wall of pikes was countered by the the supposed more flexible manipular system. A system which was not roman by essence. The combined armed system of Philip and Alexander would been an awesome force to deal with for Rome even centuries afterwards. The renaissance of this to my view is the spanish Tercio which was the war juggernaut of its time as well. Some enemies even fleeing the battleground when knowing the Tercio would march on them.
Vermicelle De Cheval Yeah. Some military innovations became obsolete over time. The war chariot for example. Records say Roman soldiers laughed when they faced mithridates during the Roman Pontic wars. But a shield wall was not obsolete. The romans themselves later adopted it in the late Roman Empire era. The Anglo saxons used it. Spanish tercios, Swiss mercenaries and german landsknechts. I see the failure of the Hellenistic military as a failure of execution and reforms. Even during their wars with Rome, the phalanx remained fearsome and worked when used correctly. During one urban battle, the Macedonian phalangites held fast in a choke point. The Roman could not break them. At Thermopylae the romans also couldn’t get past the pikes Until they did what Xerxes did. Same scenario here and also at pydna. Macedonian phalanx wins on the high ground and gets bogged down by terrain. a phalanx’s slow immobility is a strength and weakness. The Hellenistic kings only needed to adapt them and perhaps rely more on some other contingents to fight Rome. Mainly light infantry and heavy cavalry. Perhaps resurrect the Hypaspists, which in Alexander’s day guarded the flanks of the heavy infantry and carried out shock assaults. Give them just enough armor to make them strong but not so heavily armored that they are slow. They need to be well protected but also fast and deadly. So individual hypaspists can go toe to toe with a legionary. So hold maniples in check with the phalanx. Hold the flanks with hypaspists, attack Roman flanks with heavy cavalry and light skirmishers. Maybe include hypaspists.
From what I understand the terrain was also a massive deterrent to the Greek phalanx as opposed to the roman century's, as well as the shorter roman weaponry. The hilly terrain made it quite hard for the greek phalanx to move, while the Roman's could whip around and maneuver.
@@acdragonrider Roman Shildwall Yes! But Landsknechte were a Pikewall so no Shild Wall! Pike Wall Stats Anti Chavalery +5 Anti Inf. +3 -2 Missel Def. -1 In all stats in uneven terrain -5 In close meeles Shield Wall +2 Anti Chaverly +2 Anti Inf. +2 Missle Def. +2 Citywall storming Shild wall and pike wall are not the same on is good everywhere the other is perfekt under certain situation
The Greeks gave up to the Turks early as did the Serbs. Albanians fought with to resist for 20 years against the Turks while being back stabbed by the Serbs who sold their princess to the Sultan.
@@FinnishDragon Bettlegeus I believe was the name of a Star that will go super nova in around 100 years right now, I can't remember how much time it has left.
An elephant charge in the rear of a phalanx is a thing you can only dream of as a commander. To actually see it happen must have been so incredibly rewarding
Great historical subject matter - thanks K&G! It's a remarkable thing that an impending solar eclipse was anticipated as a predictable, scientifically explained event and yet concurrent sacrifices to the gods would be nonetheless required.
I think they knew and informed their soldiers to make sacrifices. Success in the combination of prediction and the soldiers having done something about it preserved morale. It was quite a long time ago when people were still quite emotionally reactive. 🤷🏻♂️
I’ve watched videos over many battles, but this was particularly awesome. The odd start to the battle, the war elephants being successful for once, and the legion overcoming the Macedonian phalanx by a disciplined withdrawal to more advantageous ground. All which decided the fate of Greece and Macedon. Remarkable
Never heard about this battle, but damn is it the most interesting thing. This is what I love about this channel, revealing jewels from the past that are worth remembering, but are unfortunately forgotten.
I'd like to see a history of the Ptolemies. From the First, the attempts to reconcile with and the battles with Seleucids, ruling as outsiders over a native population, up to Cleopatra.
I love this channel so much. In a time where RUclips's quality has gone down significantly, this channel is giving us amazing stories and visuals to experience key moments in history such as the battle at Pydna. Can you imagine how the world would have looked like if Perseus was able to defeat the Romans in a decisive battle and would have been able to subdue all of Greece before Rome could come back again? Perhaps Rome would never have been able to defeat the Macedonians and the world would have looked very differently now
Probably not. The Macedonians couldn't keep up with Roman manpower and allies. Their manpower pool was basically a depleted, demonstrably fickle populace who were known to betray their kings mid-battle
Well, first you have to choose which era of "typical Roman grit" you want to adopt. If you want to go for the early or middle republic era of grit you'll want to be extremely religious and superstitious and willing to give your life for the state the moment a situation demands it. If you go for late era republic grit it's pretty much the same except you'll be giving your life for a specific general whenever the circumstances arise... possibly whilst fighting against the actual Roman state. Early empire grit is the same as early and middle republic grit except you're charging into battle for your general, not Rome itself, though you do it in the name of the emperor. Middle empire grit is much the same, except when you win a battle you declare your general to be the new emperor and fight a civil war so that he'll reward you with more money and more land than he would otherwise be obliged to. Late empire grit is the easiest one to go for - you hide behind a wall and let Germanic tribes who've settled inside your empire do your fighting for you and hope they don't turn on you, kill you and ravage your wife.
@@stuka80 Roman virtues changed drastically every century or two though. Romans of the early and middle republic would most likely be disgusted by Romans of the middle-late empire. I believe I read somewhere that Romans considered the generation of the second Punic war to be the finest generation of their people and that none of the generations afterwards measured up somehow. Kinda like how we might see the generation that fought in WW2 as our best.
@@stuka80 If nobody follows them then they don't exist. One of the biggest core Roman values was a healthy hatred toward kings with too much power. Already by the time of Augustus this value was lost and the people preferred a strong, single ruler with unlimited power. By the time of Caracalla, to be an emperor was to be a God. You literally bowed down and kissed his feet if you saw him and the people (and the army) preferred it this way. Hell, even the senate - the last vestige of the republican system - preferred it that way. During the crisis of the third century the senate had a brief opportunity to rule the whole empire themselves during one of the many interregnums of that period. Did they even attempt to restore some form of repulicanism? Nah, they elected two of their own, Ballbaggus and Poopyanus, to rule with dictatorial power and it turned out comically bad. Though I will say, all the way until the very end, there were some Romans with true classic Roman Grit. Anthemius and Majorian. Proper Romans they were. Problems in the empire? Forget diplomacy, get me an army and I'll show you how to fix it.
the best history channel ever, i said it before and i'm saying it again. now i fully understand how the mighty legionnaire beat the Alexander's phalanx.
Thanks K&G. As someone who's interest in Roman history was sparked by Total War: Rome II, I really love your videos. And I'm still waiting for the Spartacus one ;)
8:00 - And to think it took one 'stubborn mule' to trigger thousands of 'stubborn mules' on both sides to drop pretense and have at each other. :) The mind is boggled ..
I am from a small province of Greece called Visaltia near Serres, Macedonia and Titus Libius said that Perseas only lost heart when Visaltes "the bravest of men" fell at last.
@@chazskillzor6980 I am from Macedonia (the proper one, not the one your trash country claims to be) and we are HELLENES we have nothung to do with slavs, we have other language other traditions names etc. Dont tell bullshit to people who are unaware of the geopolitic history of OUR MACEDONIA. Even your general told that Macedonia is greek during the military exercise in Kilkis where all the balkan countries participated. Greece albania and bulgaria are proud nations with history and have nothing to show except being titos bitches during the cold war era, so stfu and try to learn something from GREEK history as shown from this video.
@@Xandergre I am from the Greek occupied (since only 1913) part of macedonia. I am macedonian not Greek. The modern Greek nation is a propped up fabrication of western Europe ( fascist military dictatorships right up to 1970's). Modern Greece is a crime scene and macedonians have suffered under Greek rule long enough. Stop the cover-up. We are the big fat secret that needs to be discussed. Enough of the denial. It's inhuman and without merit.
6:55 Lunar Eclipse* Solar Eclipse is: Earth - Moon - Sun; happens during the day and the sun becomes a "dark circle with a halo" Lunar Eclipse is: Moon - Earth - Sun; happens during the night and the moon becomes a "red circle"
Love this channel. I have learned so much. Does anyone suggest any good books or material on the Punic Wars? I have been wanting to learn more on this subject.
Please go back and do videos on the rise of Philip V and Antiochus III. Especially go into the spartan war, the social war, the Syrian wars (Raphia). Antiochus III’s anabasis The Greek politics before their rule with Aratus of Sicyon (Achaean league) and Aetolians would also be very intriguing for viewers. Another figure I would recommend making would be one about Philopoemen
Great Video KnG !! Personally I think that the reason the Greeks lost is because they still used the same system as Alexander the Great despite the fact that Alexander was dead for nearly 200 years. They didn't adapt or experiment and they kept using that predictable method which had seen to much action to be effective against well trained Generals.
Greeks were not unified even during Alexander's reign. They looked down on Macedonians. Even during Alexander's reign they wanted to overthrow them but were too afraid after they saw how Thebe was destoryed
@@akapbhan that's not true after Alexander the great had passed away the Athenians rebelled and scored some major victories... Search for the lamian war. Actually that would be interesting even for Kings and Generals
@@akapbhan well yes and no "greeks" isnt an accurate name all the tribes called themselfa hellenes same with macedonians when macedon rose to power many other hellenic city states sides with them and other (such as thebes and athens) opposted macedonian expancion. Well in the end alexander conquered persia and after his death a need age had began the hellenistic period the kingdoms that rose in that period claimed to be the true heirs of alexander but only the seleucid came close uniting the empire
Amazing video. Whenever i see these videos, and the mistakes made by the Hellenistic commanders, I really think the old adage of Legion beats Phalanx needs to be reconsidered. Pyrrhus and Hannibal, and even Mithridates Eupator in the Second Mithridatic War, used Hellenistic based armies against Roman armies, to good effect. Battles like Callinicus too, show that the Phalanx wasn't irrelevant. It's rather like claiming a screwdriver is a better tool than a hammer. A screwdriver certainly is better for fixing screws in place. But a hammer is better for hammering in nails. If you don't use the right tool for the right job, anything can be useless or perfect for the task at hand.
@@thomasbrady3827 indeed it can. But it remains true that it is an improper tool for the task. The tradesman using the screwdriver will be there much longer than the one with the hammer, and for every nail the tradesman using the screwdriver attaches, the one with the hammer will be able to attach ten.
@@thomasbrady3827 not really. It is designed to attach screws, and even then it is specifically designed for the type of screw. Sure it *can* bash in a nail, but will take greater focus and effort. Unless you're suggesting the craftsman trains to beat in nails with a screwdriver. Which no craftsman is going to waste time on. It still isn't the tool for the job.
It’s just incredible to me that we can read the thoughts, hopes, fears & deeds of people who lived over 2000 years ago in such detail. Down to the way they interpreted the astrology of the day.
The true problem is that there are still people who think that the Kingdom of Macedon was not greek 😂 These are not facts that your politicians would tell you fellow Skopjans... Except from the OBVIOUS reasons that the average person should know... 😑 I will add 2 more... 1) If Macedonia wasn't a Greek state then why after the Persian wars they participated in the Olympic games when only Greek city states were allowed to? 2)When he arrived in minor Asia he made sacrifices to honour the grave of ACHILLES and the men who died fighting the Troyans and reminisced himself as the new king of GREECE to take revenge from the Persians. 3) Alexander the Great: "Ευχαριστώ τους γονείς μου και τους θεούς που γεννήθηκα Έλληνας" "I thank my parents and the gods of being born Greek" (Αρριανός)
@@chazskillzor6980 well I don't use to base History of my nation to α nearly built and non trusted technology.. But if you are slav dont be surprised if you are from Russia vicinity and not Greece😂
Dude he destroyed Persian capital cuz his whore bet him to do it and he was drunk but he was ashamed of his act. Then he tried to lie about it by saying that he did to avenge persians burning of Athens but everybody knew the real cause. He was not Greek and if we follow your example the Alexander even declared himself Pharoah of Egypt and Shah of Persia.....those guys will start arguing he was their king too. There is something known as DNA test and it proves Macedonian are not Greeks......he may be your king but not Gree... You may not have known this but Alexander was defeated in Northern subcontinent and his soliders continued to live there and now we have separate tribe of Macedonian living in that Hunza valley. Greeks have history of stealing things from other civilizations...like Greek language,form B and mythology is exact copy paste of Phoenicians civilization and you can search Google to confirm it.
Pydna started over a mule. What led to that is also quite fascinating. I like it. This video was a good one. And I might watch it again. My compliments to those who made this battle a reality.
Well, the Ai knows to keep the javelin throwers protected by spears and they got Cavalry with teleport right there to flank and way too much that it actually was. Beside that you are not on mountain at the start(you can hardly count it like high ground) and you are outnumbered. Well, just Ca things. Like the fact that Ai Rome will never counquer the map wherever the campaign it is in.(Aurelian gets rekt everytime and Octavian too).
Very true - a roman general quoted (maybe Scipio but not too sure) about the hellenistic armies : "always the same fish but served in a different sauce each time".
Imho Persian generals and quality of infantry were not even comparable to Roman ones. Alexander could have been in a difficult situation against the Romans. But history is not made with "ifs"
Why didn't they use their the classic rectangular Roman shields (or even have special slightly larger shields) to form a wedge of 20 or so men and literally ram into and force open the line of Phalanx, getting in close, disrupting the line, followed by all the weight and numbers of the soldiers behind? With the overlapping shields at a 45' angle, the long spears would just slide off the shield surface. Just asking! 😎
You can do that if you had trained before the battle. Mind that those legionaries were conscripts, most of whom had never encountred a phalanx before. The "sawteeth" formation will be famously used by Paulinus at Watling Street, but those were professional post-Marian Reform legionaries. In the last encounters, Sulla's professional legionaries defeated the phalangites with ridicolous ease.
@@neutronalchemist3241 Well I guess I meant in general, rather than in this specific battle. Professional Roman soldiers frequently faced Phalanx formations, a well know tactic, and it always seems to be more of an obstacle than it should have been. The first time then, yes, it must have been impossible to defeat, but just seems to be 'relatively' easy to defeat for a Roman army that developed so many ideas. - speaking as a keyboard warrior who's never been in battle! 😀 Edit - I was thinking this watcingh videos about the Pike formations in the English Civil War and other European wars. They had started using guns but most battles were still using a mass of Pikes and I've always wondered my they didn't go 'old school' and attack using specially made shields and bute force to get in close and split the formation. 🤔
Did you know that we have a podcast and its first season covered the Diadochi Wars - kingsandgenerals.libsyn.com/11-alexander-the-greats-death-legacy-and-plans?tdest_id=837467 Now you do! :-)
noice
Ok (:
@Kings and Generals
Please make video on *Maratha Empire* 🚩
Who defeated *Mughal Empire* , *Rajput states* , *Sikh Empire* , *Niẓām ul-Mulk* , *Bijapur Sultanate* and other Deccan sultanates.
Today is a part of *India* , *Pakistan* , *Afghanistan* and *Bangladesh* .
Some *movies* on *Maratha's* are going on India like
ruclips.net/video/cffAGIYTEHU/видео.html
ruclips.net/video/zpXnmy-6w1g/видео.html
ruclips.net/video/eHOc-4D7MjY/видео.html
Admin please make a video on ' Peshwa Bajirao Bhallal ' .. the invincible warrior who never lost any battle in his life ...
I need to see more Napoleonic Wars, please?
Romans after winning the battle: Alright but seriously, did anyone see where that mule went?
Alas, they never found the mule. Perhaps its descendants are still living in the area today.
@@Aristocles22 Mules are sterile though, lol
@@Aristocles22 Legends tell of descendants who search for mythical mules
@@MrAlepedroza Good point. I thought it was a donkey. Got those mixed up.
....... Donke from Shrek
Mule: "Well, that escalated quickly"
Ron Burgundy?
When a mule folds?
Roman General: Steady men, wait for the opportune moment.
Mule: Lets do this... LEEEEEROOOOOOY!!!!!
JEEEEEENNNKKIIIINNNNSSSSS!!!!!!!!
i dont understand this reference, but its for a good thing, i think
I am not Bob Dylan your too young to understand old internet memes
@@dafuqmr13 Look it up it is EPIC LEGENDARY ETC ETC ETC!!!!! and fucking hilarious.
I am not Bob Dylan to simply put it, it’s a world of Warcraft meme. A group of guys were trying to plan on how to do a certain room in a raid. Leeroy was afk at the time and when he got back on the game he immediately shouted his name and entered the room without a care in the world. His friends tried to save him but instead the whole raid group were killed trying to save leeroy. They were all mad at him and that’s when leeroy said and I quote “ well... at least I have my chicken”
6:10 This lunar (not solar) eclipse occurred on the evening of June 21, 168 BC, and reached its maximum at about 10 pm (as seen from Pydna). During this event, the moon was totally eclipsed for 76 minutes.
About 2,000 years later, tribune Gaius Sulpicius Gallus, who predicted this eclipse and notified the Roman generals, was honored by having a lunar crater and a series of lunar valleys (rimae Sulpicius Gallus) named for him.
Thanks for this. I was going to correct re: eclipse type, but didn't know the other details. Thanks for sharing.
Good dog !
Hell yeah you are a bad ass man
Awesome!
This is the type of info you won’t learn in school. I’m grateful for this channel.
EVERY FUCKING VIDEO, BE IT WAR, ECONOMICS OR ANIME, HOW ON EARTH.. I AM SERIOUSLY CREEPIED OUT...I MIGHT NEED HELP
You can find it with wikipedia page jumping though if your researching the time and place. Not that real people research very much.
Schools barely tell you where all the countries of the world are.
If I had a dollar for every person who couldn't find Macedon on a world map I would be a rich man .
false flag guys this one has no mustache
@@richaragonzales1355 Its not on any maps dude it hasnt been a country for thousands of years lol.
Macedons: We have an army.
Romans: We have an mule.
Even our leader a bit after 238BC Masissina our leader made sure Roman's respected him and saluted him in honorable way, his royal family was known to be the "kings of Roman's" 💪
Nobody has the mule now!
Not macedon,
MACEDONIAN GREEKS.
*a
@@eray.sredojevic greeks is every time macedonian enemy stop be stupid and learn try history
by the way, a battle near mount olympus, followed by an eclipse, a King named Perseus those were gold propaganda opportunities… if he had won.
Edit. Also the battle of Pydna or the Battle for the mule.
Romans: It's our mule damn it
Greeks: it clearly deserted you army join us! Free that noble animal.
Nice comment my dear crimson brother
6:50 if it was at night and the moon was affected, wouldn't that make it a Lunar Eclipse as opposed to a Solar one?
It is indeed a Lunar Eclipse, not Solar
That is indeed the case; in a Lunar eclipse the Moon moves inside the Earth's shadow, and is only faintly red as it reflects light that has passed through the Earth's atmosphere (this can only happen when there is a full moon). In a Solar eclipse, the Earth moves inside the Moon's shadow and the Sun is completely blocked (which can of course only happen at daytime, and with a new moon)
Oh well slight error there but a great doc
I started studying post Alexander the Great history in uni and I have ever since wanted Hollywood to make a massive Game of thrones style series involving the wars between Philip, Antiochus and the ptolemies that would ultimately include Rome. Philip V, Aratus of Sicyon, Antiochus III, Titus Flamininus, and a few others would be featured as the main characters. I guess these videos will hold me until then
Acdragonrider Videos yeah of any classical antiquity history buffs get into a position to make such shows during this area please do so, it is very lacking and I would love to see more large scale ancient battles especially the Macedonian phalanx.!!!! Thank you if you do!!!
Gmeme IKR. Anything being made is either from American history, from the twentieth century or has political motives. I want some love for pre-1700 era history!
Acdragonrider Videos yeah a movie or tv show similar to the tv show Rome with attention to historical detail. The real jewels were made 50-70 years ago, I just wish they did more today. Alexander was good though.
add the Syrian wars, Battle of Raphia and Panion in there
Gmeme yeah Rome was okay. I liked Caesar, vorenus and pullo. But I didn’t care too much about the incest and soap opera stuff and Marc Antony got on my nerves. I prefer the Netflix Rome series narrated by Sean bean in some ways.
The Hellenistic kingdoms would in the past have large cavalry components in their armies. It was the cavalry working in tandem with light infantry and the heavy but slow-moving infantry that made Alexander’s military campaigns so successful. Just study the battle of Gaugamela or Hydapses and you will see how good Alexander’s micro was. The hammer and anvil it is called.
It is a shame that the Macedonian military machine slowly declined after his lifetime. The Seleucids had cavalry but they were not used to their fullest extent at magnesia. In Greece, Philip and his predecessors barely had any cavalry and they were not shock cavalry in the way Alexander’s companion cav were. If there was a large component of cav they could have prevented the Roman manipular legions From outflanking the phalanx
Yes I do agree. The most fascinating thing is that Alexander always won his battles. Romans were not so successful although super resiliants indeed. To oppose the macedonian phalanx to the roman legion is ultimately useless when saying that the wall of pikes was countered by the the supposed more flexible manipular system. A system which was not roman by essence. The combined armed system of Philip and Alexander would been an awesome force to deal with for Rome even centuries afterwards. The renaissance of this to my view is the spanish Tercio which was the war juggernaut of its time as well. Some enemies even fleeing the battleground when knowing the Tercio would march on them.
True, even in this battle if Thracians sucided against elephants Romans would have very hard day
Vermicelle De Cheval Yeah. Some military innovations became obsolete over time. The war chariot for example. Records say Roman soldiers laughed when they faced mithridates during the Roman Pontic wars.
But a shield wall was not obsolete. The romans themselves later adopted it in the late Roman Empire era. The Anglo saxons used it. Spanish tercios, Swiss mercenaries and german landsknechts.
I see the failure of the Hellenistic military as a failure of execution and reforms. Even during their wars with Rome, the phalanx remained fearsome and worked when used correctly. During one urban battle, the Macedonian phalangites held fast in a choke point. The Roman could not break them. At Thermopylae the romans also couldn’t get past the pikes Until they did what Xerxes did. Same scenario here and also at pydna. Macedonian phalanx wins on the high ground and gets bogged down by terrain. a phalanx’s slow immobility is a strength and weakness.
The Hellenistic kings only needed to adapt them and perhaps rely more on some other contingents to fight Rome. Mainly light infantry and heavy cavalry. Perhaps resurrect the Hypaspists, which in Alexander’s day guarded the flanks of the heavy infantry and carried out shock assaults. Give them just enough armor to make them strong but not so heavily armored that they are slow. They need to be well protected but also fast and deadly. So individual hypaspists can go toe to toe with a legionary. So hold maniples in check with the phalanx. Hold the flanks with hypaspists, attack Roman flanks with heavy cavalry and light skirmishers. Maybe include hypaspists.
From what I understand the terrain was also a massive deterrent to the Greek phalanx as opposed to the roman century's, as well as the shorter roman weaponry. The hilly terrain made it quite hard for the greek phalanx to move, while the Roman's could whip around and maneuver.
@@acdragonrider
Roman Shildwall Yes!
But Landsknechte were a Pikewall so no Shild Wall!
Pike Wall Stats
Anti Chavalery +5
Anti Inf. +3
-2 Missel Def.
-1 In all stats in uneven terrain
-5 In close meeles
Shield Wall
+2 Anti Chaverly
+2 Anti Inf.
+2 Missle Def.
+2 Citywall storming
Shild wall and pike wall are not the same on is good everywhere the other is perfekt under certain situation
6:58 Possibly one of the few times astronomy proved its worth in military tactics.
A battle between Romans and Greeks at the foot of Mount Olympus! The description os epic alone!
Ah yes, Albania... always the landing pad for an Italian invasion of Greece
Potentially a Turkish one too
@@palenoise Turkish conquest of Albania happened much later than Greece.
The Greeks gave up to the Turks early as did the Serbs. Albanians fought with to resist for 20 years against the Turks while being back stabbed by the Serbs who sold their princess to the Sultan.
Potentially = With the capacity to develop or happen in the future@@tersdomaltpduzsiken1409
@@palenoise We Turks don't have any interest in the re-conquest.We are happy in our homeland with a peaceful way to live.
Solar Eclipse: Why Science is important to everyone 101
At least it wasn't a Comet, the devil's kith and kin...
It is good that we live on the such civilized times. Perhaps we will even see a supernova in the future.
Napoleon I Bonaparte except it was a Lunar Eclipse.
@@FinnishDragon Bettlegeus I believe was the name of a Star that will go super nova in around 100 years right now, I can't remember how much time it has left.
@@divinemoments5344 only if we had cometh sense
The brawl for the mule is the most intense thing I've heard since The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest
Meanwhile, with the mules:
"Look at the mess you have made, Platero. Look at that."
JohnnyElRed I understood that reference
I love how much Rome II footage is used by this channel for battles descriptions.
An elephant charge in the rear of a phalanx is a thing you can only dream of as a commander. To actually see it happen must have been so incredibly rewarding
"I am here to conquer your land and you dare touch my MULE?? Boyz, time to attack!"
Do we know what became of the mule tho? It seems incredibly important.
@Lord Voldemort legends say he was the original Russian bot.
We know that it was one ancient member of the EMule dinasty. Recently misteriously disappeared
He was awarded a triumph back in Rome and was elected Consul for his great deeds.
@@lycaonpictus9662 😂😅🤦🏻♂️🙈😂
Lucius: "It's over Perseus, I have the high ground!"
You underestimate my PHALANX
*Gets Massacred *
That mule be like:
"Aight, I'ma head out."
Great historical subject matter - thanks K&G! It's a remarkable thing that an impending solar eclipse was anticipated as a predictable, scientifically explained event and yet concurrent sacrifices to the gods would be nonetheless required.
Lunar Eclipse* but the point stands
I think they knew and informed their soldiers to make sacrifices. Success in the combination of prediction and the soldiers having done something about it preserved morale. It was quite a long time ago when people were still quite emotionally reactive. 🤷🏻♂️
I’ve watched videos over many battles, but this was particularly awesome. The odd start to the battle, the war elephants being successful for once, and the legion overcoming the Macedonian phalanx by a disciplined withdrawal to more advantageous ground.
All which decided the fate of Greece and Macedon. Remarkable
Roman Commanding Officers: Let us discuss the battle plan...
Random Mule #43: When in doubt, attack!
Never heard about this battle, but damn is it the most interesting thing. This is what I love about this channel, revealing jewels from the past that are worth remembering, but are unfortunately forgotten.
I can’t think of a better way to celebrate my Bday, love the Greeks. Thanks Kings 👍
Story tells that when Lucius Emilius Paulus returned to Rome, the mule was waiting for him.
These videos has improved my Medieval 2: Total War gameplay tremendously. 🤓👍🏽
I'd like to see a history of the Ptolemies. From the First, the attempts to reconcile with and the battles with Seleucids, ruling as outsiders over a native population, up to Cleopatra.
After this the Greeks realized they had exchanged a Greek(Macedon) tyrant for a foreign(Roman) tyrant.
I love this channel so much. In a time where RUclips's quality has gone down significantly, this channel is giving us amazing stories and visuals to experience key moments in history such as the battle at Pydna. Can you imagine how the world would have looked like if Perseus was able to defeat the Romans in a decisive battle and would have been able to subdue all of Greece before Rome could come back again? Perhaps Rome would never have been able to defeat the Macedonians and the world would have looked very differently now
True
Probably not. The Macedonians couldn't keep up with Roman manpower and allies. Their manpower pool was basically a depleted, demonstrably fickle populace who were known to betray their kings mid-battle
So, Romans had the upper hand because of a astronomer!!
Because of Science over superstition as well and one correctly placed mule!
It's like when you defeated King Louis of Hungary your highness.
Knowledge is power.
@@lukehaddad5185 Indeed Luke.
@Konstantinos Palaiologos
Hm.....
At least I got revenge!!
You guys make the best historical battle videos out there by a long margin!
MORE DOCS FROM THIS TIME PERIOD SO MUCH ROMAN HISTORY YOU HAVENT DONE THANK YOU
Did you just try to steal my mule?
This means war!
I think I should like to live my life "with typical Roman grit"
Well, first you have to choose which era of "typical Roman grit" you want to adopt. If you want to go for the early or middle republic era of grit you'll want to be extremely religious and superstitious and willing to give your life for the state the moment a situation demands it. If you go for late era republic grit it's pretty much the same except you'll be giving your life for a specific general whenever the circumstances arise... possibly whilst fighting against the actual Roman state.
Early empire grit is the same as early and middle republic grit except you're charging into battle for your general, not Rome itself, though you do it in the name of the emperor. Middle empire grit is much the same, except when you win a battle you declare your general to be the new emperor and fight a civil war so that he'll reward you with more money and more land than he would otherwise be obliged to.
Late empire grit is the easiest one to go for - you hide behind a wall and let Germanic tribes who've settled inside your empire do your fighting for you and hope they don't turn on you, kill you and ravage your wife.
@@stuka80 Roman virtues changed drastically every century or two though. Romans of the early and middle republic would most likely be disgusted by Romans of the middle-late empire.
I believe I read somewhere that Romans considered the generation of the second Punic war to be the finest generation of their people and that none of the generations afterwards measured up somehow. Kinda like how we might see the generation that fought in WW2 as our best.
@@stuka80 If nobody follows them then they don't exist. One of the biggest core Roman values was a healthy hatred toward kings with too much power. Already by the time of Augustus this value was lost and the people preferred a strong, single ruler with unlimited power. By the time of Caracalla, to be an emperor was to be a God. You literally bowed down and kissed his feet if you saw him and the people (and the army) preferred it this way.
Hell, even the senate - the last vestige of the republican system - preferred it that way. During the crisis of the third century the senate had a brief opportunity to rule the whole empire themselves during one of the many interregnums of that period. Did they even attempt to restore some form of repulicanism? Nah, they elected two of their own, Ballbaggus and Poopyanus, to rule with dictatorial power and it turned out comically bad.
Though I will say, all the way until the very end, there were some Romans with true classic Roman Grit. Anthemius and Majorian. Proper Romans they were. Problems in the empire? Forget diplomacy, get me an army and I'll show you how to fix it.
Some say that mule is still wondering the wilderness looking for a good drink 😂
the best history channel ever, i said it before and i'm saying it again. now i fully understand how the mighty legionnaire beat the Alexander's phalanx.
iiiiaaaaaahhhhhhhhhh
(Translation: "Attack!")
A Mule
(168BC)
Thanks K&G. As someone who's interest in Roman history was sparked by Total War: Rome II, I really love your videos. And I'm still waiting for the Spartacus one ;)
8:00 - And to think it took one 'stubborn mule' to trigger thousands
of 'stubborn mules' on both sides to drop pretense and have at
each other. :) The mind is boggled ..
I am from a small province of Greece called Visaltia near Serres, Macedonia and Titus Libius said that Perseas only lost heart when Visaltes "the bravest of men" fell at last.
@@Michael_the_Drunkard in Greek it's Περσέας(PersEas). I don't know why English speakers changed it, it happens with many Greek names.
@@Michael_the_Drunkard In ancient Greek was spelled "Περσεύς", in modern Greek is spelled "Περσέας"
@@VladTevez Νομίζω το εξήγησες καλύτερα από 'μένα ευχαριστώ
I'm early enough that I can see war elephants coming out of the Alps
Seems I am late. All I am seeing at the Alps is Napoleon's guns.
Napoleon? All I see is the occasional Luftwaffe bomber flying over Swiss airspace on its way to bomb France.
Hope you're having a great day/week!
Thanks bro
Macedonia: "Our hellenic phalanx have conquered all the know world"
Rome: "I'm about to end this greek military legacy"
Hellenic? Where is the info?
@@chazskillzor6980 uhm because Ancient Macedonia was greek? Im not greek btw and also not a white person so dont hate me
@@fumaaa5643 dude the 2 million macedonian people in Greek don't have independence wtf
Greek government don't let them have nothing
@@chazskillzor6980 I am from Macedonia (the proper one, not the one your trash country claims to be) and we are HELLENES we have nothung to do with slavs, we have other language other traditions names etc. Dont tell bullshit to people who are unaware of the geopolitic history of OUR MACEDONIA. Even your general told that Macedonia is greek during the military exercise in Kilkis where all the balkan countries participated. Greece albania and bulgaria are proud nations with history and have nothing to show except being titos bitches during the cold war era, so stfu and try to learn something from GREEK history as shown from this video.
@@Xandergre I am from the Greek occupied (since only 1913) part of macedonia. I am macedonian not Greek. The modern Greek nation is a propped up fabrication of western Europe ( fascist military dictatorships right up to 1970's). Modern Greece is a crime scene and macedonians have suffered under Greek rule long enough. Stop the cover-up. We are the big fat secret that needs to be discussed. Enough of the denial. It's inhuman and without merit.
Omg I didn't knew that a battle had happened in pynda and live so near it.
Thanks for learning me something new
Great video as always, but could you do a video about the byzantine Bulgarian Wars? (One that Rome wins please)
Anyone else think thats a really awesome way to inspire the troops by throwing the standard at the enemy and getting the soldiers to get it back.
I was waiting for the mule to come back in a flanking movement, smashing valiantly into the back of the phalanx.
Well done Fellas! This battle Historically is to the point but says so much in the ending of Alexader (Mass.) Battle Tech and History. Well done!
6:55 Lunar Eclipse*
Solar Eclipse is: Earth - Moon - Sun; happens during the day and the sun becomes a "dark circle with a halo"
Lunar Eclipse is: Moon - Earth - Sun; happens during the night and the moon becomes a "red circle"
Why did I have to go down this far in comments to find this correction??
The only channel which doesn't fail it's followers, king&General.
Love this channel. I have learned so much. Does anyone suggest any good books or material on the Punic Wars? I have been wanting to learn more on this subject.
So the knowledge of astronomy pretty much helped win the battle. Love it.
And the Legions rules!! Great video K&G's
Another excellent video, keep making these man!
I dare say that that mule deserved a triumph of it's own and statues erected in its honor.
I like how events so trivial such as young men fetching water and them loosing a mule can cause such profound change in history.
Please go back and do videos on the rise of Philip V and Antiochus III. Especially go into the spartan war, the social war, the Syrian wars (Raphia). Antiochus III’s anabasis
The Greek politics before their rule with Aratus of Sicyon (Achaean league) and Aetolians would also be very intriguing for viewers. Another figure I would recommend making would be one about Philopoemen
I've waited 40 years for this video. Ulalaleeeeleeeee
Damn.... That mule it's very valuable
- Macedonians : he deserted!
-Romans: We deserve him
- The mule: ops.... slowly walking away
Nice video,
I really want to see from you a video about the battle between the greeks versus the roman empire in 164 BCE.
Great Video KnG !!
Personally I think that the reason the Greeks lost is because they still used the same system as Alexander the Great despite the fact that Alexander was dead for nearly 200 years. They didn't adapt or experiment and they kept using that predictable method which had seen to much action to be effective against well trained Generals.
Small correction on 6:55 - It is not solar, but lunar eclipse.
That mule literally started the battle 😂
Excellent as always !
Cool I was just reading about this battle the other day. Too bad the Greeks were not unified after Alexander.
Greeks were not unified even during Alexander's reign. They looked down on Macedonians. Even during Alexander's reign they wanted to overthrow them but were too afraid after they saw how Thebe was destoryed
@@akapbhan that's not true after Alexander the great had passed away the Athenians rebelled and scored some major victories... Search for the lamian war. Actually that would be interesting even for Kings and Generals
@@akapbhan well yes and no "greeks" isnt an accurate name all the tribes called themselfa hellenes same with macedonians when macedon rose to power many other hellenic city states sides with them and other (such as thebes and athens) opposted macedonian expancion. Well in the end alexander conquered persia and after his death a need age had began the hellenistic period the kingdoms that rose in that period claimed to be the true heirs of alexander but only the seleucid came close uniting the empire
they hated each other more than the invasors, in few times they were united but is obvius why not all the time
@Petros B I know Lamian wars. What I said was they were biding their time till Alexander's death and were not unified even during his reign
i love these ancient battles!
"They shall take our lives but they shall never take our mule."
Excellent video. Well done lads🙌
Once more, what seems like an securedvictory for the macedonians ends in defeat. Incredible really.
Thank you for the new video!
I love y’all videos!!!! Keep up the great work👍🏾👍🏾👍🏾👍🏾👍🏾
New upload 🙌🙌🙌 keep up the great content!!
Amazing video.
Whenever i see these videos, and the mistakes made by the Hellenistic commanders, I really think the old adage of Legion beats Phalanx needs to be reconsidered.
Pyrrhus and Hannibal, and even Mithridates Eupator in the Second Mithridatic War, used Hellenistic based armies against Roman armies, to good effect. Battles like Callinicus too, show that the Phalanx wasn't irrelevant.
It's rather like claiming a screwdriver is a better tool than a hammer. A screwdriver certainly is better for fixing screws in place. But a hammer is better for hammering in nails. If you don't use the right tool for the right job, anything can be useless or perfect for the task at hand.
A screwdriver can hammer a nail if u bash it with the Handle. A hammer can’t screw
@@thomasbrady3827 indeed it can. But it remains true that it is an improper tool for the task.
The tradesman using the screwdriver will be there much longer than the one with the hammer, and for every nail the tradesman using the screwdriver attaches, the one with the hammer will be able to attach ten.
Screwdriver is more flexible then the hammer
@@thomasbrady3827 not really.
It is designed to attach screws, and even then it is specifically designed for the type of screw.
Sure it *can* bash in a nail, but will take greater focus and effort. Unless you're suggesting the craftsman trains to beat in nails with a screwdriver. Which no craftsman is going to waste time on.
It still isn't the tool for the job.
Well said
it's always great to see more KnG videos 😀
Edit: Love the new animations
6:48
Lunar Eclipse.
It’s just incredible to me that we can read the thoughts, hopes, fears & deeds of people who lived over 2000 years ago in such detail. Down to the way they interpreted the astrology of the day.
It's mostly because of Rome's civilization in terms of writing and keeping accounts. Not so much from other folks back then. 🙂
The true problem is that there are still people who think that the Kingdom of Macedon was not greek 😂 These are not facts that your politicians would tell you fellow Skopjans...
Except from the OBVIOUS reasons that the average person should know... 😑 I will add 2 more...
1) If Macedonia wasn't a Greek state then why after the Persian wars they participated in the Olympic games when only Greek city states were allowed to?
2)When he arrived in minor Asia he made sacrifices to honour the grave of ACHILLES and the men who died fighting the Troyans and reminisced himself as the new king of GREECE to take revenge from the Persians.
3) Alexander the Great: "Ευχαριστώ τους γονείς μου και τους θεούς που γεννήθηκα Έλληνας"
"I thank my parents and the gods of being born Greek"
(Αρριανός)
Hmmm maybe do a dna test facts bro 2020
@@chazskillzor6980 well I don't use to base History of my nation to α nearly built and non trusted technology..
But if you are slav dont be surprised if you are from Russia vicinity and not Greece😂
What does arrianos mean?
@@opperturk124 arrianos was a Greek historian
Dude he destroyed Persian capital cuz his whore bet him to do it and he was drunk but he was ashamed of his act.
Then he tried to lie about it by saying that he did to avenge persians burning of Athens but everybody knew the real cause.
He was not Greek and if we follow your example the Alexander even declared himself Pharoah of Egypt and Shah of Persia.....those guys will start arguing he was their king too.
There is something known as DNA test and it proves Macedonian are not Greeks......he may be your king but not Gree...
You may not have known this but Alexander was defeated in Northern subcontinent and his soliders continued to live there and now we have separate tribe of Macedonian living in that Hunza valley.
Greeks have history of stealing things from other civilizations...like Greek language,form B and mythology is exact copy paste of Phoenicians civilization and you can search Google to confirm it.
Pydna started over a mule. What led to that is also quite fascinating. I like it. This video was a good one. And I might watch it again. My compliments to those who made this battle a reality.
Creative Assembly made this battle WAY harder than it actually was...
Well, the Ai knows to keep the javelin throwers protected by spears and they got Cavalry with teleport right there to flank and way too much that it actually was. Beside that you are not on mountain at the start(you can hardly count it like high ground) and you are outnumbered. Well, just Ca things. Like the fact that Ai Rome will never counquer the map wherever the campaign it is in.(Aurelian gets rekt everytime and Octavian too).
Such a great video. Such a great channel!
Phalanx: rules the battlefields of post-Alexander asia minor and greece
Mule: I'm gonna have the roman legions end this man's whole carreer
I always wonder how do we know what exactly happend on the battlefield two thousand years ago. Excellent video as always.
Perseus: Don't worry men, this terrain favours our phalanx.
Mule: I'm about to end this man's whole career.
Starts at 1:30
"Thracian archer deserted the Romans"
Seems more like a planned move.
Amadeus Folego he says clearly “Cretan auxiliary”
Good video. The audio doesnt sound full, it lacks bass to middle. From the upper middle to high it sounds fine.
Macedonians: free mule
Romans: our mule 😡
top 10 ways people started a massive battle
This channel is basically my history class.
It seems only Alexander know how to properly use and command this kind of troops. Everybody else make the same mistakes over and over again.
Very true - a roman general quoted (maybe Scipio but not too sure) about the hellenistic armies : "always the same fish but served in a different sauce each time".
Imho Persian generals and quality of infantry were not even comparable to Roman ones. Alexander could have been in a difficult situation against the Romans. But history is not made with "ifs"
Bravo!!!!!
I just enjoy this episodes... keep it up
Some videos about alexandet the great himself please
You've surpassed even early history channel. Thank you so much for covering this. Check out the roman flood of greece the book
Why didn't they use their the classic rectangular Roman shields (or even have special slightly larger shields) to form a wedge of 20 or so men and literally ram into and force open the line of Phalanx, getting in close, disrupting the line, followed by all the weight and numbers of the soldiers behind? With the overlapping shields at a 45' angle, the long spears would just slide off the shield surface. Just asking! 😎
You can do that if you had trained before the battle. Mind that those legionaries were conscripts, most of whom had never encountred a phalanx before.
The "sawteeth" formation will be famously used by Paulinus at Watling Street, but those were professional post-Marian Reform legionaries.
In the last encounters, Sulla's professional legionaries defeated the phalangites with ridicolous ease.
@@neutronalchemist3241 Well I guess I meant in general, rather than in this specific battle. Professional Roman soldiers frequently faced Phalanx formations, a well know tactic, and it always seems to be more of an obstacle than it should have been. The first time then, yes, it must have been impossible to defeat, but just seems to be 'relatively' easy to defeat for a Roman army that developed so many ideas. - speaking as a keyboard warrior who's never been in battle! 😀
Edit - I was thinking this watcingh videos about the Pike formations in the English Civil War and other European wars. They had started using guns but most battles were still using a mass of Pikes and I've always wondered my they didn't go 'old school' and attack using specially made shields and bute force to get in close and split the formation. 🤔
Kings and generals pops up and I automatically hit the like button because I know it will be awesome..
a mule caused one of the most historically important battles in human history
Keep up the great work!